CN103020562A - Ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification device (RFID) self-adaptive antenna impedance matching method - Google Patents
Ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification device (RFID) self-adaptive antenna impedance matching method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification device (RFID) self-adaptive antenna impedance matching method which includes step1 providing a reader which comprises a reader body, an antenna impedance matching module and an antenna which comprises a digital signal processing control system, a reflection power detection unit and a self-adaptive antenna impedance matching module; step2 providing an RFID label and enabling the reader to transmit an operation command to the RFID label which transmits signals in one frequency to the external; step 3 enabling the reader to receive the signals and the reflection power detection unit to start detecting real-time reflection signals of the antenna and transmit the real-time reflection signals to the digital signal processing control system; step4 enabling the digital signal processing control system to calculate required impedance Z of the self-adaptive impedance matching module according to the real-time reflection signals; and step5 enabling the digital signal processing control system to adjust real-time impedance of the self-adaptive impedance matching module to finish communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to contactless automatic identification technology, relate in particular to a kind of ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods.
Background technology
The automatic recognition system that radio-frequency recognition system (RFID system) is comprised of radio-frequency (RF) tag, recognizer and computer network.Usually, recognizer forms electromagnetic field at a regional emitted energy, radio-frequency (RF) tag detects the data that send storage behind the signal of recognizer through this when zone, the signal that recognizer received RF label sends, and the accuracy of decoding and checking data is to reach the purpose of identification.Commonly used have low frequency (LF) (125kHz～134.2KHz), high frequency (HF) (13.56Mhz), ultrahigh frequency (860MHz ~ 960MHz) (UHF, Ultra high frequency), the technology such as passive.
Wherein, in the ultrahigh frequency automatic recognition system, the ultrahigh frequency RFID antenna is the important component part of radio-frequency recognition system, directly affect its performance and stability, and the physical environment of application scenario (as: metal goods, water etc.) causes that very easily the parameter of antenna changes, two disadvantageous consequences of this variation meeting generation: at first, can reduce the emitted energy of power amplifier module, cause the serious heating of module and damage; Secondly, can produce reflective power, greatly reduce the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of receiving terminal circuit.Thereby the problem that causes impedance mismatching with regard to adopting the adaptive antenna impedance match technique effectively to go to solve antenna parameter to change.
Ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance match technique and high-frequency RF ID antenna automatic tuning technology and short wave communication FM radio station listening mode are very similar, reach the purpose of Auto-matching (tuning) by the mode that changes tuned cell (match circuit) impedance.That mode by relay switch changes the purpose that impedor in the access match circuit reaches tuning (coupling) in fact among the high-frequency RF ID.The method has certain effect to high-frequency RF ID antenna automatic tuning, but mainly has the following disadvantages:
1. hands-off tuning (coupling) precision and reliability are relatively poor;
2. impedance detection circuit detection error is large;
3. hands-off tuning (coupling) speed is slow, can't realize rapid adjustment;
4. tuned cell circuit volume is excessive, cost is expensive, existing scientific and technological level is difficult to realize the microminiaturization of relay switch, the frequency of operation of relay support generally only has tens megahertzes in addition, its high frequency distribution parameter influence is serious, easily brings Electro Magnetic Compatibility EMC(Electro Magnetic Compatibility) etc. problem
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods, adopt high frequency, at a high speed, high-precision impedance detection circuit, realized ultrahigh frequency, at a high speed, high-precision Adaptive impedance matching, required element is few, the module volume is little, cost is low.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods, may further comprise the steps:
Described Antenna Impedance Matching module also comprises an A/D analog to digital converter, described A/D analog to digital converter is electrically connected between reflective power detecting unit and the digital signal processing control system, the reflective power detecting unit is passed the analog signal conversion of coming become digital signal, and this digital signal is sent to the digital signal processing control system.
Described reflective power detecting unit comprises: directional coupler and the reflected power detector that is electrically connected with this directional coupler, described reflected power detector and A/D analog to digital converter are electrically connected.
The signal of a certain frequency that the RFID label is outwards launched in the described step 2 is stored in this RFID label in advance.
Reflection coefficient S in the described step 4
11The real-time reflected signal of antenna that detects according to the real-time radiation power of launching on the reader transmission channel and reflective power detecting unit calculates.
Described Adaptive impedance matching module comprises: control driver, several electric capacity and several gauge tap, described each electric capacity one end and a gauge tap are electrically connected, this gauge tap other end and antenna are electrically connected, and described gauge tap also electrically is connected with the control driver.
The described control driver other end and digital signal processing control system are electrically connected, and control conducting or the disconnection of each gauge tap according to the control signal that the digital signal processing control system sends.
Described several gauge tap are several field effect transistors, each field effect transistor comprises: grid, drain electrode and source electrode, described each grid electrically is connected with the control driver, and described every one source pole and an electric capacity are electrically connected, and described each drain electrode is electrically connected with antenna.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods of the present invention adopts directional coupler and reflected power detector to detect the signal power that antenna reception arrives, and be converted to digital signal by the A/D analog to digital converter, the digital signal processing control system is according to the reactance of this Digital Signals Adaptive impedance matching module, so that impedance reaches fast automatic coupling between reader and the antenna, the method adopts high frequency, at a high speed, high-precision impedance detection circuit, realized ultrahigh frequency, at a high speed, high-precision Adaptive impedance matching, required element is few, the module volume is little, cost is low, also adopt digital control technology, avoided the problems such as Electro Magnetic Compatibility EMC of the prior art.
In order further to understand feature of the present invention and technology contents, see also following about detailed description of the present invention and accompanying drawing, yet accompanying drawing only provide with reference to and the explanation usefulness, the present invention is limited.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, will make technical scheme of the present invention and other beneficial effect apparent.
In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is reader and RFID label syndeton schematic diagram in the ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of Adaptive impedance matching module preferred embodiment among Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Technological means and the effect thereof taked for further setting forth the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the preferred embodiments of the present invention and accompanying drawing thereof.
See also Fig. 1 to 3, the invention provides a kind of ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods, may further comprise the steps:
Described reader 20 work are comprised of transmission channel and receiving cable, described reader body 24 carries out radio communication by antenna 26 and RFID label 40, can realize that it generally includes the modules such as high-frequency model (transmitter and receiver) and control module to the reading or write operation of RFID label 40 identification codes and internal storage data.
Described Antenna Impedance Matching module 22 also comprises an A/D analog to digital converter 28, described A/D analog to digital converter 28 is electrically connected between reflective power detecting unit 29 and the digital signal processing control system 25, reflective power detecting unit 29 is passed the analog signal conversion of coming become digital signal, and this digital signal is sent to digital signal processing control system 25.Described reflective power detecting unit 29 comprises: directional coupler 292 and the reflected power detector 294 that is electrically connected with this directional coupler 292, described reflected power detector 294 is electrically connected with A/D analog to digital converter 28.The signal of a certain frequency that the described RFID label 40 that adopts directional coupler 292 that reader body 24 is received by antenna 26 is launched is separated, and delivers to reflected power detector 294, carries out power detection.Adopt the digitizing testing circuit have high frequency, at a high speed, the advantage such as high precision.
Described Adaptive impedance matching module 27 comprises: control driver 272, several capacitor C and several gauge tap K, described each capacitor C one end and a gauge tap K are electrically connected, this gauge tap K other end and antenna 26 are electrically connected, and described gauge tap K also is electrically connected with control driver 272.Described driving governor 272 can be controlled separately conducting or the cut-off of each gauge tap K, thereby so that this Adaptive impedance matching module 27 produces needed reactance.This Adaptive impedance matching module 27 adopts up-to-date UltraCMOS technical matters to produce, can realize ultrahigh frequency, at a high speed, high-precision Adaptive impedance matching.Described control driver 272 other ends and digital signal processing control system 25 are electrically connected, and control conducting or the disconnection of each gauge tap K according to the control signal that digital signal processing control system 25 sends, and then regulate the output impedance of Adaptive impedance matching module 27.In this preferred embodiment, described several gauge tap K is several field effect transistors Q, and is safe and reliable, long service life.Each field effect transistor Q comprises: grid g, drain electrode d and source electrode s, and preferred, described each grid g is electrically connected with control driver 272, and described every one source pole s and a capacitor C are electrically connected, and described each drain electrode d and antenna 26 are electrically connected.
The signal of a certain frequency of described RFID label 40 outside emissions is stored in this RFID label 40 in advance in this step, and described reader 20 is by after reading this signal, thereby the process processing can be identified this RFID label 40.Described RFID label 40 is passive label, and the carrier signal of the non-modulated by receiving reader 20 radiation is converted to electric energy, and then carries out work.
In this step, described emissive power detecting unit 29 begins to detect the real-time reflected signal of antenna 26, is digital signal by A/D analog to digital converter 28 with analog signal conversion, has realized that high speed, high precision detect.
Described reflection coefficient S
11The real-time reflected signal r of antenna (t) that detects according to the real-time radiation power x (t) that launches on reader 20 transmission channels and reflective power detecting unit 29 calculates, this computing rule is stored in the described digital signal processing control system 25 in advance, in computation process, directly call and get final product.
Wherein, the impedance Z of described formula Adaptive impedance matching module=(S
11+ Z
0)/(S
11-Z
0) be to obtain according to transmission theory, adjust conducting or the disconnection of several capacitor C in the Adaptive impedance matching module 27 by digital processing control system 25 output control signals according to the Z value that calculates, and then the output reactance of adjustment Adaptive impedance matching module 27, so that S
11Minimum.
In whole communication process, the antenna 26 real-time reflected signals that described digital signal processing control system 25 detects according to reflective power detecting unit 29, repeatedly regulate the output reactance of Adaptive impedance matching module 27, impedance reaches fast automatic coupling between reader 20 and the antenna 26 in order to allow, so that S
11Remain on minimum value, Auto-matching speed is fast.
Ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods of the present invention realizes that the required element of the circuit module of adaptation function is few, and the fast volume of module is little, can realize microminiaturization, and cost is low; Also adopt digital control technology, avoided the problems such as Electro Magnetic Compatibility EMC of the prior art.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods, adopt directional coupler and reflected power detector to detect the reflected signal that antenna reception arrives, and be converted to digital signal by the A/D analog to digital converter, the digital signal processing control system is according to the reactance of this Digital Signals Adaptive impedance matching module, so that impedance reaches fast automatic coupling between reader and the antenna, the method adopts high frequency, at a high speed, high-precision impedance detection circuit, realized ultrahigh frequency, at a high speed, high-precision Adaptive impedance matching, required element is few, the module volume is little, cost is low, also adopt digital control technology, avoided the problems such as Electro Magnetic Compatibility EMC of the prior art.
The above for the person of ordinary skill of the art, can make other various corresponding changes and distortion according to technical scheme of the present invention and technical conceive, and all these changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, reader is provided, described reader has transmission channel and receiving cable, described reader comprises: the reader body, the Antenna Impedance Matching module that is electrically connected with this reader body reaches the antenna that is electrically connected with this Antenna Impedance Matching module, described Antenna Impedance Matching module comprises: the digital signal processing control system, the reflective power detecting unit that is electrically connected with this digital signal processing control system and with the Adaptive impedance matching module of digital signal processing control system, described reflective power detecting unit and receiving cable are electrically connected, and described Adaptive impedance matching module and transmission channel are electrically connected;
Step 2, provide the RFID label, described reader is to this RFID label transmit operation order, and after sending operational order by transmission channel to the external radiation carrier signal, described RFID label receives this carrier signal and is converted into electric energy, for self work, and outwards launch the signal of a certain frequency;
Step 3, described reader receive the signal of this RFID label emission, and described emissive power detecting unit begins to detect the real-time reflected signal of antenna, and this real-time reflected signal is sent to the digital signal processing control system;
Step 4, described digital signal processing control system calculate reflection coefficient S according to this real-time reflected signal
11, and according to formula (S
11+ Z
0)/(S
11-Z
0) calculate the impedance Z of required Adaptive impedance matching module, wherein, Z
0Be characteristic impedance of antenna;
Step 5, described digital signal processing control system are regulated the real-time impedance of Adaptive impedance matching module according to the impedance Z of the required Adaptive impedance matching module that calculates, thereby finish whole communication process.
2. ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Antenna Impedance Matching module also comprises an A/D analog to digital converter, described A/D analog to digital converter is electrically connected between reflective power detecting unit and the digital signal processing control system, the reflective power detecting unit is passed the analog signal conversion of coming become digital signal, and this digital signal is sent to the digital signal processing control system.
3. ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described reflective power detecting unit comprises: directional coupler and the reflected power detector that is electrically connected with this directional coupler, described reflected power detector and A/D analog to digital converter are electrically connected.
4. ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the signal of a certain frequency that the RFID label is outwards launched in the described step 2 is stored in this RFID label in advance.
5. ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, reflection coefficient S in the described step 4
11The real-time reflected signal of antenna that detects according to the real-time radiation power of launching on the reader transmission channel and reflective power detecting unit calculates.
6. ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Adaptive impedance matching module comprises: control driver, several electric capacity and several gauge tap, described each electric capacity one end and a gauge tap are electrically connected, this gauge tap other end and antenna are electrically connected, and described gauge tap also electrically is connected with the control driver.
7. ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the described control driver other end and digital signal processing control system are electrically connected, and control conducting or the disconnection of each gauge tap according to the control signal that the digital signal processing control system sends.
8. ultrahigh frequency RFID adaptive antenna impedance matching methods as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described several gauge tap are several field effect transistors, each field effect transistor comprises: grid, drain electrode and source electrode, described each grid electrically is connected with the control driver, described every one source pole and an electric capacity are electrically connected, and described each drain electrode is electrically connected with antenna.
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Cited By (14)
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| CN103267911A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-28 | 苏州德诚物联科技有限公司 | Non-contact test system and method of RFID label antenna |
| CN103410401A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-27 | 章伟 | Intelligent security box, security control system adopting same and control method |
| CN103762492A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 北京长峰广播通讯设备有限责任公司 | Radio-frequency signal regulating method adaptable to variable-impedance laser and radio-frequency power source |
| CN104104405A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-10-15 | 普联技术有限公司 | Self-adaptive impedance matching device, communication system and impedance matching method |
| CN105760799A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-07-13 | 麦格尼特咨询公司 | Using Antenna Reflection Coefficients To Detect Events In Gaming Environment |
| CN106203584A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-12-07 | 华中科技大学 | RFID antenna impedance self-adaptive control method under a kind of bad working environments |
| CN107342460A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-10 | 北京展讯高科通信技术有限公司 | Antenna tuning control method, apparatus and system |
| CN107682022A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-09 | 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 | A kind of adjusting method of mobile terminal and antenna matching network |
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| CN109447223A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-03-08 | 华大半导体有限公司 | A method of enhancing ultra-high frequency RFID label reflection power |
| CN110326091A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2019-10-11 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | High frequency transistor |
| CN113420861A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | Radio frequency passive tag capable of activating self-tuning for multiple times in real time and method |
| CN114584155A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-06-03 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Monitoring device |
| CN115965037A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-04-14 | 深圳市明泰智能技术有限公司 | RF tag read-write system adaptive to environmental change and data processing method |
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| CN103267911B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2015-08-12 | 苏州德诚物联科技有限公司 | The non-contact testing system and method for RFID label antenna |
| CN103267911A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-28 | 苏州德诚物联科技有限公司 | Non-contact test system and method of RFID label antenna |
| CN103410401A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-27 | 章伟 | Intelligent security box, security control system adopting same and control method |
| CN103762492A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 北京长峰广播通讯设备有限责任公司 | Radio-frequency signal regulating method adaptable to variable-impedance laser and radio-frequency power source |
| CN103762492B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-03-02 | 北京长峰广播通讯设备有限责任公司 | Radiofrequency signal method of adjustment and the radio frequency power source of impedance laser can be adapted to |
| CN104104405B (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2017-01-25 | 普联技术有限公司 | Self-adaptive impedance matching device, communication system and impedance matching method |
| CN104104405A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-10-15 | 普联技术有限公司 | Self-adaptive impedance matching device, communication system and impedance matching method |
| US9984528B2 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2018-05-29 | Magnet Consulting, Inc. | Using antenna reflection coefficients to detect events in a gaming environment |
| US11366974B2 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2022-06-21 | Fortiss, Llc | Using antenna reflection coefficients to detect events in a gaming environment |
| US10430621B2 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2019-10-01 | Magnet Consulting, Inc. | Using antenna reflection coefficients to detect events in a gaming environment |
| CN105760799A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-07-13 | 麦格尼特咨询公司 | Using Antenna Reflection Coefficients To Detect Events In Gaming Environment |
| CN105760799B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2018-05-25 | 麦格尼特咨询公司 | The event in game environment is detected using antenna reflection coefficient |
| CN107342460A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-10 | 北京展讯高科通信技术有限公司 | Antenna tuning control method, apparatus and system |
| CN106203584A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-12-07 | 华中科技大学 | RFID antenna impedance self-adaptive control method under a kind of bad working environments |
| CN110326091A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2019-10-11 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | High frequency transistor |
| CN110326091B (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2023-05-23 | 新唐科技日本株式会社 | Transistor for high frequency |
| CN107682022A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-09 | 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 | A kind of adjusting method of mobile terminal and antenna matching network |
| CN107682022B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-02-18 | 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 | Mobile terminal and adjusting method of antenna matching network |
| CN109447223A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-03-08 | 华大半导体有限公司 | A method of enhancing ultra-high frequency RFID label reflection power |
| CN109447223B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2021-09-14 | 华大恒芯科技有限公司 | Method for enhancing reflected power of ultrahigh frequency RFID (radio frequency identification) tag |
| CN114584155A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-06-03 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Monitoring device |
| CN114584155B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2024-04-09 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Monitoring device |
| CN113420861A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | Radio frequency passive tag capable of activating self-tuning for multiple times in real time and method |
| CN115965037A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-04-14 | 深圳市明泰智能技术有限公司 | RF tag read-write system adaptive to environmental change and data processing method |
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