CN108206709B - Method and system for operating a communication device communicating via inductive coupling - Google Patents
Method and system for operating a communication device communicating via inductive coupling Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
- H04B5/24—Inductive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/72—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for local intradevice communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
- H04L41/0813—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
- H04L41/0823—Configuration setting characterised by the purposes of a change of settings, e.g. optimising configuration for enhancing reliability
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- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/318—Received signal strength
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
- H04L5/006—Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling
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Abstract
Embodiments of methods and systems for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling are described. In an embodiment, a method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling involves obtaining at least one system or environmental parameter related to the communication device and adjusting a communication configuration of the communication device in response to the at least one system or environmental parameter. Other embodiments are also described.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a method and system for operating a communication device communicating via inductive coupling.
Background
The communication devices may communicate with each other via inductive coupling. For example, Near Field Communication (NFC) is a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based wireless technology. NFC defines a wireless connection between two devices in close proximity to each other so that data can be exchanged between the two devices. For example, data communication between a reader and a transponder is typically bidirectional and is initiated by the reader, which generates a continuous magnetic field. RFID devices utilizing NFC can generally be configured for Passive Load Modulation (PLM) or Active Load Modulation (ALM).
In communication devices that communicate via inductive coupling, performance may be degraded in corner situations, such as when the communication device is too close to or too far from the corresponding communication device. For example, the detuning condition may affect power transfer, shifting characteristics (e.g., resonant frequency and Q factor) of a matching network of the communication device, and loading of the transmitter.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of methods and systems for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling are described. In an embodiment, a method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling involves obtaining at least one system or environmental parameter related to the communication device and adjusting a communication configuration of the communication device in response to the at least one system or environmental parameter. Other embodiments are also described.
In an embodiment, the at least one system or environmental parameter is selected from the group consisting of: information about a received signal at or a transmitted signal from the communication device, information about components of the communication device, a communication protocol of the communication device, a communication data rate of the communication device, a modulation scheme of the communication device, and an external trigger signal.
In an embodiment, the information about the received signal at the communication device or the transmitted signal from the communication device comprises a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) of the received signal.
In an embodiment, the information about the components of the communication device comprises antenna characteristics of the communication device or matching network characteristics of the communication device.
In an embodiment, the at least one system or environmental parameter comprises information about a disorder condition in the communication device.
In an embodiment, adjusting the communication configuration of the communication device comprises adjusting the communication configuration of the communication device according to a function or a look-up table of sets of system or environment parameters.
In an embodiment, the communication configuration is selected from the group consisting of: a transmitter impedance of the communication device, a configuration of a matching network of the communication device, a phase configuration of the communication device, a modulation or demodulation configuration of the communication device, a gain configuration of the communication device, and a transmitter power configuration of the communication device.
In an embodiment, adjusting the communication configuration of the communication device comprises adjusting a receiver demodulation configuration of the communication device or a receiver gain in the communication device in response to the at least one system or environmental parameter.
In an embodiment, adjusting the communication configuration of the communication device includes adjusting the communication configuration of the communication device in response to at least one system or environmental parameter to change a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the corresponding communication device.
In an embodiment, adjusting the communication configuration of the communication device comprises adjusting the communication configuration of the communication device in response to at least one system or environmental parameter before or after receiving the input data frame or before or after transmitting the output data frame.
In an embodiment, obtaining at least one system or environmental parameter associated with the communication device includes receiving a control signal from a device external to the communication device.
In an embodiment, a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling includes: a parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain at least one system or environmental parameter related to the communication device; and a communication configuration adjustment unit configured to adjust a communication configuration of the communication device in response to at least one system or environmental parameter.
In an embodiment, the at least one system or environmental parameter is selected from the group consisting of: information about a received signal at or a transmitted signal from the communication device, information about components of the communication device, a communication protocol of the communication device, a communication data rate of the communication device, a modulation scheme of the communication device, and an external trigger signal.
In an embodiment, the information about the received signal at the communication device or the transmitted signal from the communication device comprises an RSSI of the received signal.
In an embodiment, the information about the components of the communication device comprises antenna characteristics of the communication device or matching network characteristics of the communication device.
In an embodiment, the at least one system or environmental parameter comprises information about a disorder condition in the communication device.
In an embodiment, the communication configuration is selected from the group consisting of: a transmitter impedance of the communication device, a configuration of a matching network of the communication device, a phase configuration of the communication device, a modulation or demodulation configuration of the communication device, a gain configuration of the communication device, and a transmitter power configuration of the communication device.
In an embodiment, the communication configuration adjustment unit is configured to adjust a receiver demodulation configuration of the communication device or a receiver gain in the communication device in response to the at least one system or environment parameter.
In an embodiment, the communication configuration adjustment unit is configured to adjust the communication configuration of the communication device in response to at least one system or environmental parameter to change the SNR at the corresponding communication device.
In an embodiment, a method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling involves obtaining a set of system or environmental parameters related to the communication device and adjusting a communication configuration of the communication device to change an SNR at the corresponding communication device as a function or look-up table of the set of system or environmental parameters.
Other aspects and advantages of embodiments of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 depicts an embodiment of a communication device that may be used with a corresponding reader to form an inductively coupled communication system.
Fig. 3 depicts an embodiment of a communication configuration adjustment unit.
Fig. 4 is a process flow diagram of a method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a process flow diagram of a method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling, according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a process flow diagram of a method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling, according to another embodiment of the invention.
Throughout the description, like reference numerals may be used to identify like elements.
Detailed Description
It will be readily understood that the components of the embodiments, as generally described herein, and illustrated in the figures, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following more detailed description of various embodiments, as represented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of various embodiments. While various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing detailed description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Reference throughout this specification to features, advantages, or similar language does not imply that all of the features and advantages that may be realized with the present invention should be or are in any single embodiment of the invention. Rather, language referring to the features and advantages is understood to mean that a specific feature, advantage, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, discussion of the features and advantages, and similar language, throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, refer to the same embodiment.
Furthermore, the described features, advantages, and characteristics of the invention may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, in view of the description herein, that the invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments of the invention.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or similar language means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," and similar language throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a communication device 140 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment depicted in fig. 1, the communication devices communicate via inductive coupling. In some embodiments, the communication device may be a card/transponder device or the communication device may be in "card mode". In some other embodiments, the communication device may be a reader device or the communication device may be in a "reader mode". The communication device may comprise a control unit 100 configured to control system performance of the communication device. For example, the control unit may control system performance of the communication device such that communication range is increased, bit error rate is decreased, and/or communication stability is improved. In the embodiment depicted in fig. 1, the control unit comprises a parameter obtaining unit 102 and a communication configuration adjusting unit 104. The communication device may be an Integrated Circuit (IC) device. In some embodiments, the communication device is implemented in a handheld computing system, such as a mobile phone, or a mobile computing system. The communication device may be a Near Field Communication (NFC) device that communicates using inductive coupling. In some embodiments, the communication device is implemented as an RF transponder compatible with the international organization for standardization (ISO)/International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)14443 standard. Although the communication devices shown are shown herein with certain components and described as having certain functionality, other embodiments of the communication devices may include fewer or more components to implement the same, less or more functionality. In some embodiments, the communication device is an Active Load Modulation (ALM) device. In such embodiments, the communication device may be configured to generate its own magnetic field for transmitting the output RF signal using a current source (e.g., a battery), which results in a greater communication distance compared to a Passive Load Modulation (PLM) system.
In some embodiments, control unit 100 may control the overall system performance of communication device 140 based on one or more system or environmental parameters associated with the communication device. The communication device may perform various operations to improve the overall system performance of the communication device. For example, the communication device may adjust a configuration/setting of a matching network of the communication device, a receiver of the communication device, and/or a transmitter of the communication device. In another example, the communication device may adjust a phase configuration/setting of the communication device, a modulation and/or demodulation configuration/setting of the communication device, an impedance configuration/setting of the communication device, a gain configuration/setting of the communication device, and/or a transmitter output power configuration/setting of the communication device. The control device may also operate the communication device according to the adjusted configuration. Accordingly, the overall communication performance of the communication device based on inductive coupling may be improved.
In the embodiment depicted in fig. 1, the parameter obtaining unit 102 is configured to obtain at least one system or environment parameter related to the communication device 140. The parameter obtaining unit may be implemented as firmware, hardware, and a combination of software, firmware, and/or hardware. In some embodiments, the parameter obtaining unit comprises at least one sensor, such as a voltage sensor or a current sensor. In some embodiments, the at least one system or environmental parameter includes information about a received signal at the communication device and/or a transmitted signal from the communication device, information about components of the communication device (e.g., antenna characteristics (e.g., antenna geometry) and/or matching network characteristics), and/or communication configuration information of the communication device (e.g., communication protocol of the communication device, protocol state of the communication device, modulation scheme, and/or communication data rate of the communication device). In some embodiments, at least one system or environmental parameter related to a communication device is used to derive information that may be used to improve system performance of the communication device in corner situations, such as when the communication device is too close to a corresponding communication device (e.g., a reader device or a card/tag device) or too far from the corresponding communication device. For example, at least one system or environmental parameter related to the communication device is used to derive information that may be used to improve system performance of the communication device when the communication device is within, or more than 10 times within, the NFC communication range of 1/10 of the corresponding communication device. In an embodiment, the at least one system or environmental parameter related to the communication device comprises information about a disorder condition in the communication device. In some embodiments, the at least one system or environmental parameter comprises a transmitter voltage of the communication device, a transmitter current of the communication device, and/or a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) at the communication device.
In the embodiment depicted in fig. 1, the communication configuration adjustment unit 104 is configured to adjust the communication configuration of the communication device 140 in response to at least one system or environmental parameter. The communication configuration adjustment unit may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and a combination of software, firmware, and/or hardware. In some embodiments, the communication configuration adjustment unit comprises at least one processor, such as a microprocessor. The communication configuration adjustment unit may adjust the communication configuration of the communication device to improve the overall system performance of the communication device. For example, the communication configuration adjustment unit may adjust a configuration of a matching network of the communication device, a receiver of the communication device, and/or a transmitter of the communication device. In another example, the communication configuration adjustment unit may adjust a phase configuration of the communication device, a modulation/demodulation configuration of the communication device, a transmitter impedance configuration of the communication device, a gain configuration of the communication device, and/or an output power configuration of the communication device. In some embodiments, the communication configuration adjustment unit may compensate for an imbalance condition in the communication device 140 to improve the overall system performance of the communication device.
Fig. 2 depicts an embodiment of a communication device 240 similar to the communication device 140 depicted in fig. 1, which communication device 240 may be used with a corresponding reader device 230 to form an inductively coupled communication system 250. The corresponding reader device may be a dedicated reader device or a communication device in reader mode. In the embodiment depicted in fig. 2, communication device 240 includes a control unit 200, a matching network 210 coupled to an antenna 212, an analog receiver 214, and an analog transmitter driver 218. The antenna may be an inductive type antenna, such as a loop antenna. In some embodiments, the analog receiver and/or transmitter driver is compatible with one or more standards for wireless power transfer. Examples of standards for wireless power transfer may include, but are not limited to, the wireless charging alliance (A4WP/Wipower) specification, the wireless charging alliance Qi inductive charging specification, and the Witricity inductive charging specification. However, the standard for wireless power transfer compatible with the communication device is not limited to the described example. In an example operation of a communication device, an RF signal (e.g., an RX signal) is received by an antenna from the antenna 232 of a corresponding reader device via inductive coupling and passed to an analog receiver to convert the RF signal to a digital signal (e.g., RX data). Signals (e.g., TX data) are generated in response to the RF signals and used to generate output RF signals (e.g., TX signals) at the analog transmitter driver, which are transmitted via inductive coupling using the antenna. The communication device 240 depicted in fig. 2 is one possible embodiment of the communication device 140 depicted in fig. 1. However, the communication device depicted in fig. 1 is not limited to the embodiment shown in fig. 2. For example, the communication device 240 depicted in fig. 2 may include a low dropout regulator (LDO) or an automatic gain control device to regulate the supply voltage to the transmitter driver. In some embodiments, the communication device 240 is an Active Load Modulation (ALM) device. Additionally, although the communication device 240 is shown in fig. 2 as being used with a corresponding reader device 230 to form an inductively coupled communication system 250, in other embodiments, the communication device 240 is in a reader mode and is used with a corresponding card/tag device to form an inductively coupled communication system.
The system performance of the communication device 240 may be reduced in corner situations (e.g., when the communication device is too close to the corresponding reader device 230 or too far from the corresponding reader device). For example, a misalignment condition in the inductively coupled communication system 250 may affect a number of factors that have an impact on the system performance of the inductively coupled communication system. For example, the detuning condition may affect the load on the antenna 212 of the communication device 240 and thus on the transmitter driver 218. For highly detuned communication systems, the load on the transmitter driver may be relatively low (e.g., reduced by 10 dB). Thus, the current for the voltage controlled transmitter driver may increase, which will increase the driver current and power dissipation. The offset condition may also affect the load on the analog receiver 214. For example, in the event of increased power at the matching network 210, the receiver may be overloaded and/or the receiver signal budget may change. The misalignment condition may also affect the phase configuration of the communication device 240. For example, due to changes in the inductively coupled communication system caused by the detuning condition, the phase relationship caused by the matching network and antenna of the communication device 240 and the corresponding reader device 230 may change. For phase sensitive communications (e.g., ALM, EMVCo LMA in FeliCa networks), the imbalance condition may negatively impact Load Modulation Amplitude (LMA) performance. The detuning condition may also affect the frequency response of the inductively coupled communication system. For example, a detuning condition may affect the frequency response (resonant frequency, Q-factor) of the antenna/matching network of the communication device 240 and the corresponding reader device, and thus affect the transmitted signal (amplitude and phase) in both communication directions. Detuning conditions in inductively coupled communication systems may be important for platforms with small antennas (e.g., wearable devices) and/or platforms with significant metal content that may degrade communication quality or reduce power transfer performance.
The control unit 200 may improve system performance of the communication device in corner situations, such as when the communication device is too close to the corresponding handler device 230 or too far away from the corresponding reader device. For example, the control unit may control system performance of the communication device such that communication range is increased, bit error rate is decreased, and/or communication stability is improved. In the embodiment depicted in fig. 2, the control unit comprises a parameter obtaining unit 202 and a communication configuration adjusting unit 204. The parameter obtaining unit and/or the communication configuration adjusting unit may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or a combination of software, firmware, and/or hardware. The control unit 200 depicted in fig. 2 is one possible embodiment of the control unit 100 depicted in fig. 1. Specifically, the parameter obtaining unit 202 and the communication configuration adjusting unit 204 depicted in fig. 2 are embodiments of the parameter obtaining unit 102 and the communication configuration adjusting unit 104 depicted in fig. 1. However, the control unit 100 depicted in fig. 1 is not limited to the embodiment shown in fig. 2. In some embodiments, the control device comprises a processor (e.g., a microcontroller) configured to operate the communication device according to the adjusted configuration from the communication configuration adjustment unit.
In the embodiment depicted in fig. 2, the parameter obtaining unit 202 is configured to obtain at least one system or environment parameter related to the communication device 240. The parameter obtaining unit may be implemented as firmware, hardware, and a combination of software, firmware, and/or hardware. In some embodiments, the parameter obtaining unit comprises at least one sensor, such as a voltage sensor or a current sensor. The parameter obtaining unit may obtain the transmission and reception signals and the instantaneous condition of the power level, the instantaneous condition of the antenna 212 and matching network 210, and the communication configuration information (e.g., protocol state, modulation scheme, and/or data rate) of the communication device from, for example, at least one sensor/detector and/or at least one external device/detector within the communication device. In some embodiments, at least one system or environmental parameter related to a communication device is used to derive information that may be used to improve system performance of the communication device in corner situations, such as when the communication device is too close to a corresponding communication device (e.g., a reader device or a card/tag device) or too far from the corresponding communication device. In some embodiments, the parameter obtaining unit comprises an RSSI sensor 216, said RSSI sensor 216 being configured to measure a signal amplitude of the received RF signal (RX signal) to generate a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) value. In some embodiments, the RSSI sensor is implemented as a combination of an analog-to-digital converter, an absolute value (ABS) calculator, and/or an accumulator that calculates a sum of the power of multiple samples of the received signal at the communication device and generates an average power value as the RSSI of the received signal at the communication device.
In the embodiment depicted in fig. 2, the communication configuration adjustment unit 204 is configured to adjust the communication configuration of the communication device 240 in response to at least one system or environmental parameter. The communication configuration adjustment unit may adjust the communication configuration of the communication device to improve the overall system performance of the communication device in a corner situation (e.g., when the communication device is too close to the corresponding reader device 230 or too far away from the corresponding reader device). For example, the communication configuration adjustment unit may adjust the communication configuration of the communication device to reduce the bit error rate. In another example, the communication configuration adjustment unit can adjust the communication configuration of the communication device to compensate for a misadjustment condition in the communication device to change a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the corresponding communication device (e.g., to increase the SNR at the corresponding reader device 230). In some embodiments, the communication configuration adjustment unit adjusts/tunes the configuration of the matching network 210. For example, the communication configuration adjustment unit may adjust/tune one or more capacitors in the matching network by means of a varactor or by switching at least one further parallel capacitor on or off using a switching device, such as a Field Effect Transistor (FET) switch. In some embodiments, the communication configuration adjustment unit adjusts/tunes a transmitter impedance of the communication device, adjusts a transmitter output voltage in the communication device, adjusts/tunes a transmitter phase (e.g., a phase of Active Load Modulation (ALM)) in the communication device, adjusts a transmitter output power and thus adjusts an ALM in the communication device, and/or adjusts a transmitter modulation configuration (e.g., slew rate and/or overshoot/undershoot control) in the communication device. For example, the communication configuration adjustment unit may adjust/tune the transmitter impedance of the communication device by switching on or off one or more transmitter output transistors connected in parallel. In another example, the communication configuration adjustment unit may adjust/tune the transmitter phase in the communication device by moving the phase in a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) in the analog transmitter driver 218 or selecting a particular phase in a Delay Locked Loop (DLL) in the analog transmitter driver. In some embodiments, the communication configuration adjustment unit adjusts a receiver demodulation configuration of the communication device, a receiver gain in the communication device, and/or a detector threshold (e.g., an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) detector threshold) in the communication device.
In an example operation of the control unit 200, the parameter acquisition unit 202 measures a misalignment condition at the transmitter driver 218 while the communication device 240 is in the card mode. Based on the offset condition, the communication configuration adjustment unit 204 configures the transmitter output voltage of the communication device 240. Accordingly, the Load Modulation Amplitude (LMA) of the communication device 240 is set and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the corresponding reader device 230 is controlled.
In another example operation of the control unit 200, the parameter obtaining unit 202 measures an offset condition at the transmitter driver 218 while the communication device 240 is in the reader mode. Based on the offset condition, the communication configuration adjustment unit 204 configures the transmitter output voltage of the communication device 240. Thus, the carrier amplitude of the communication device 240 is set and the SNR at the corresponding RF device is controlled.
Fig. 3 depicts an embodiment of a communication configuration adjustment unit 304 similar to the communication configuration adjustment unit 204 depicted in fig. 2. In the embodiment depicted in fig. 3, the communication configuration adjustment unit uses sensor output data (e.g., Transmitter (TX) output power and/or Receiver (RX) voltage level) and internal states (e.g., an out-of-tune condition/state in communications device 240) to generate adjustment/control signals for the respective tuning elements in analog receiver 214, transmitter driver 218, and/or matching network 210. In some embodiments, the communication configuration adjustment unit receives an external trigger/control signal input into the communication device and adjusts the communication configuration of the communication device based on the external trigger/control signal. The communication configuration adjustment unit may be implemented as a function or set of functions of the input parameters, a look-up table with an index that is an input parameter, or a combination of both the function or set of functions and the look-up table. For example, the communication configuration adjustment unit may use a look-up table with column indices that are different combinations of transmitter voltage and RSSI of the received signal at the communication device and corresponding table entries that are different configurations of the analog receiver 214, the transmitter driver 218, and/or the matching network 210. The communication configuration adjustment unit 304 depicted in fig. 3 is one possible embodiment of the communication configuration adjustment unit 204 depicted in fig. 2. However, the communication configuration adjustment unit 204 depicted in fig. 2 is not limited to the embodiment shown in fig. 3.
In some embodiments, the adjustment of the communication configuration of the communication device 240 is performed during the reception of an input data frame or during the transmission of an output data frame. Alternatively, the adjustment of the communication configuration is performed before or after receiving the incoming data frame, or before or after transmitting the outgoing data frame (i.e. the adjustment is not performed during receiving the incoming data frame or during transmitting the outgoing data frame) to avoid interrupting the ongoing communication. Fig. 4 is a process flow diagram of a method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. At block 402, the instantaneous system state/condition is captured by reading the corresponding detector or (internal) state data. At block 404, tuning settings are generated based on the instantaneous system state/condition to adjust a communication configuration of the communication device in order to adjust the system performance of the communication device. At block 406, the system state is updated by the respective tuning element prior to receiving the input data frame or transmitting the output data frame. The communication device may be the same as or similar to communication device 140 depicted in fig. 1 and/or communication device 240 depicted in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a process flow diagram of a method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling, according to another embodiment of the invention. At block 502, at least one system or environmental parameter associated with a communication device is obtained. At block 504, a communication configuration of a communication device is adjusted in response to at least one system or environmental parameter. The communication device may be the same as or similar to communication device 140 depicted in fig. 1 and/or communication device 240 depicted in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a process flow diagram of a method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling, according to another embodiment of the invention. At block 602, a set of system or environmental parameters related to a communication device is obtained. At block 604, the communication configuration of the communication device is adjusted as a function or look-up table of the set of system or environmental parameters to change the SNR at the corresponding communication device. The communication device may be the same as or similar to communication device 140 depicted in fig. 1 and/or communication device 240 depicted in fig. 2. The corresponding communication device may be the reader device 230 depicted in fig. 2.
Although the operations of the methods are shown and described herein in a particular order, the order of the operations of each method may be changed so that certain operations may be performed in a reverse order or so that certain operations may be performed, at least in part, concurrently with other operations. In another embodiment, instructions or sub-operations of different operations may be implemented in an intermittent and/or alternating manner.
It should also be noted that at least some of the operations of the methods may be implemented using software instructions stored on a computer-usable storage medium for execution by a computer. For example, an embodiment of a computer program product comprises a computer usable storage medium storing a computer readable program that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform operations as described herein.
The computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system (or apparatus or device) or a propagation medium. Examples of a computer-readable medium include a semiconductor or solid state memory, magnetic tape, a removable computer diskette, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a rigid magnetic disk and an optical disk. Current examples of optical disks include compact disks with read-only memory (CD-ROM), compact disks with read/write (CD-R/W), Digital Video Disks (DVD), and blu-ray disks.
In the above description, specific details of various embodiments are provided. However, some embodiments may be practiced without all of these specific details. In other instances, certain methods, steps, components, structures and/or functions have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the various embodiments of the invention.
Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated, the invention is not to be limited to the specific forms or arrangements of parts so described and illustrated. The scope of the invention is to be defined by the claims appended hereto and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling, the method comprising:
obtaining a plurality of system or environmental parameters related to the communication device, wherein the system or environmental parameters include:
information related to a transmitter voltage or a transmitter current of the communication device; and
information related to an out-of-tune condition in the communication device, wherein the information related to an out-of-tune condition in the communication device includes at least one of load information on a transmitter driver of the communication device and load information on an analog receiver of the communication device; and
adjusting a communication configuration of the communication device in response to the system or environmental parameter to control a Load Modulation Amplitude (LMA) of the communication device and to change a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at a corresponding communication device.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the system or environmental parameter is selected from the group consisting of:
information about a received signal at or a transmitted signal from the communication device;
information about components of the communication device;
a communication protocol of the communication device;
a communication data rate of the communication device;
a modulation scheme of the communication device; and
an external trigger signal.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the information about the received signal at the communication device or the transmitted signal from the communication device comprises a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) of the received signal.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the information about the components of the communication device comprises antenna characteristics of the communication device or matching network characteristics of the communication device.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the communication configuration of the communication device comprises adjusting the communication configuration of the communication device as a function of a set of system or environmental parameters or as a look-up table.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the communication configuration is selected from the group consisting of:
a transmitter impedance of the communication device;
configuration of a matching network of the communication device;
a phase configuration of the communication device;
a modulation or demodulation configuration of the communication device;
a gain configuration of the communication device; and
a transmitter power configuration of the communication device.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the communication configuration of the communication device comprises adjusting a receiver demodulation configuration of the communication device or a receiver gain in the communication device in response to the system or environmental parameter.
8. A communication device that communicates via inductive coupling, the communication device comprising:
a parameter obtaining unit configured to obtain a plurality of system or environment parameters related to the communication device, wherein the system or environment parameters include:
information related to a transmitter voltage or a transmitter current of the communication device; and
information related to an out-of-tune condition in the communication device, wherein the information related to an out-of-tune condition in the communication device includes at least one of load information on a transmitter driver of the communication device and load information on an analog receiver of the communication device; and
a communication configuration adjustment unit configured to adjust a communication configuration of the communication device in response to the system or environmental parameter to control a Load Modulation Amplitude (LMA) of the communication device and to change a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at a corresponding communication device.
9. A method for operating a communication device that communicates via inductive coupling, the method comprising:
obtaining a set of system or environmental parameters related to the communication device, wherein the set of system or environmental parameters includes:
information related to a transmitter voltage or a transmitter current of the communication device; and
information related to an out-of-tune condition in the communication device, wherein the information related to an out-of-tune condition in the communication device includes at least one of load information on a transmitter driver of the communication device and load information on an analog receiver of the communication device; and
adjusting a communication configuration of the communication device as a function of the set of system or environmental parameters or a look-up table to control a Load Modulation Amplitude (LMA) of the communication device and to change a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at a corresponding communication device, wherein the communication configuration includes a transmitter impedance of the communication device.
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| US10390200B2 (en) | 2016-12-19 | 2019-08-20 | Nxp B.V. | Method and system for operating a communications device that communicates via inductive coupling |
| EP3457580B1 (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2020-02-19 | Nxp B.V. | Nfc controller |
| US10382098B2 (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2019-08-13 | Nxp B.V. | Method and system for operating a communications device that communicates via inductive coupling |
| US10720967B2 (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2020-07-21 | Nxp B.V. | Method and system for operating a communications device that communicates via inductive coupling |
| EP4030631A1 (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-07-20 | Nxp B.V. | Communication device and operating method |
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| US20180176711A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
| CN108206709A (en) | 2018-06-26 |
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