CN110334556B - Encoding method based on transistor passive frequency conversion RFID tag circuit - Google Patents
Encoding method based on transistor passive frequency conversion RFID tag circuit Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
- G06K19/0707—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement being capable of collecting energy from external energy sources, e.g. thermocouples, vibration, electromagnetic radiation
- G06K19/0708—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement being capable of collecting energy from external energy sources, e.g. thermocouples, vibration, electromagnetic radiation the source being electromagnetic or magnetic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
- G06K7/10019—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers.
- G06K7/10079—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. the collision being resolved in the spatial domain, e.g. temporary shields for blindfolding the interrogator in specific directions
- G06K7/10089—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. the collision being resolved in the spatial domain, e.g. temporary shields for blindfolding the interrogator in specific directions the interrogation device using at least one directional antenna or directional interrogation field to resolve the collision
- G06K7/10099—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. the collision being resolved in the spatial domain, e.g. temporary shields for blindfolding the interrogator in specific directions the interrogation device using at least one directional antenna or directional interrogation field to resolve the collision the directional field being used for pinpointing the location of the record carrier, e.g. for finding or locating an RFID tag amongst a plurality of RFID tags, each RFID tag being associated with an object, e.g. for physically locating the RFID tagged object in a warehouse
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
- G06K7/10198—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves setting parameters for the interrogator, e.g. programming parameters and operating modes
- G06K7/10217—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves setting parameters for the interrogator, e.g. programming parameters and operating modes parameter settings controlling the transmission power of the interrogator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
- G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
Abstract
An encoding method based on a transistor passive frequency conversion RFID tag circuit belongs to the technical field of microwaves. The passive frequency conversion technology of the transistor is applied to the RFID label circuit, the frequency of an output frequency point is adjusted by changing the resonant frequency of a resonant network or inputting the power of pumping microwaves, and the radio frequency identification is realized by utilizing the output frequency points with different frequencies to correspond to different labels. The RFID tag coding circuit is simple in structure, the passive frequency conversion technology of the transistor is adopted to realize tag coding, direct current power supply is not needed, tag sensitivity is high, and the RFID tag coding circuit can be well applied to an RFID system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwaves, and particularly relates to an encoding method based on a transistor passive frequency conversion RFID tag circuit.
Background
The traditional RFID tag has complex circuits, comprises an antenna, a rectifying module, a radio frequency module, a control module and a memory, and also comprises a battery. The tags with different frequencies have different characteristics and are applied to different fields, so that the proper frequency needs to be selected for correct application. For example, the low-frequency tag is cheaper than the ultrahigh-frequency tag, saves energy, has strong physical strength when penetrating through metal objects, has no restriction of radio frequency control on working frequency, and is suitable for objects with higher water content; for example, high-frequency tags such as fruits belong to medium-short distance identification, the reading and writing speed is intermediate, and the product price is relatively low; for example, the ultrahigh frequency tag applied to the electronic ticket has wide action range and high data transmission speed, but has the defects of relatively low energy consumption and penetrating power, and no too much interference in an operation area, so that the ultrahigh frequency tag is suitable for monitoring articles in the logistics fields of ports, storage and the like. Semi-active and active tags are sometimes employed in order to increase tag sensitivity and identification distance.
At present, the frequency bands of main RFID products in China are 840-845 MHz and 920-925 MHz, the identification distance of the frequency band tag is far (up to 10 meters), the tag can mostly adopt a passive mode, and the reading and writing speed is far higher than that of a low-frequency band. However, the number of RFID products in the 2.5GHz frequency band is small, most of the RFID products are still tested, compared with the RFID products in the 840-845 MHz frequency band and the 920-925 MHz frequency band, the frequency band has higher reading and writing speed, smaller antenna volume and better directivity, but the reading and writing distance is closer, and only the sensitivity and the identification distance are increased by adopting an active and semi-active mode. Therefore, the RFID circuit is a problem to be solved urgently, which saves cost, improves sensitivity, simplifies the circuit and reduces the volume of the tag.
The direction-finding system comprises an active direction-finding system and a passive direction-finding system, and the difference between the active direction-finding system and the passive direction-finding system is whether the direction-finding system emits electromagnetic waves or not. The passive direction-finding system processes the received signal of the target radiation source to determine the incoming wave direction, does not emit electromagnetic waves, and has the characteristics of good concealment, long acting distance and the like compared with an active direction-finding system; passive direction finding systems require the target object to actively emit electromagnetic waves. The active direction-finding system needs to emit electromagnetic waves, and meanwhile, the target object can emit the electromagnetic waves actively or passively; however, the active direction finding system considers the requirements of cost and circuit simplicity, and generally adopts a circuit structure with the same frequency for transmitting and receiving, so that the transmitting and receiving signals are difficult to distinguish. Therefore, the problem that the direction-finding system needs to solve urgently is that the cost is saved, the isolation of transmitting and receiving signals is realized, the circuit is simplified, and a passive circuit is adopted as far as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an encoding method based on a transistor passive frequency conversion RFID tag circuit, aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the passive frequency conversion technology of the transistor is applied to the RFID tag circuit, so that the problems of the existing RFID tag are effectively solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the encoding method based on the transistor passive frequency conversion RFID single-frequency-point tag circuit is characterized in that the single-frequency-point tag circuit comprises an input matching transistor, a transistor with a heterojunction, an output matching transistor and a resonant network, wherein the input end of the input matching transistor is connected with pumping microwaves, the output end of the input matching transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the transistor with the heterojunction, the source electrode of the transistor with the heterojunction is connected with the output matching transistor, and the grid electrode of the transistor is grounded through the resonant network;
the frequency of the output frequency point is adjusted by changing the resonant frequency of the resonant network, and the encoding is completed corresponding to different labels, so that the radio frequency identification is realized.
The encoding method based on the transistor passive frequency conversion RFID single-frequency-point tag circuit is characterized in that the single-frequency-point tag circuit comprises an input matching transistor, a transistor with a heterojunction, an output matching transistor and a resonant network, wherein the input end of the input matching transistor is connected with pumping microwaves, the output end of the input matching transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the transistor with the heterojunction, the source electrode of the transistor with the heterojunction is connected with the output matching transistor, and the grid electrode of the transistor is grounded through the resonant network;
the pumping microwaves with the same frequency and different powers are input, and after being matched with the output by the transistor with the heterojunction, the pumping microwaves can output frequency points with different frequencies, correspond to different labels, complete coding and realize radio frequency identification.
The encoding method based on the transistor passive frequency conversion RFID multi-frequency-point tag circuit is characterized in that the multi-frequency-point tag circuit comprises a plurality of single-frequency-point tag circuits, each single-frequency-point tag circuit comprises an input matching transistor, a heterojunction-containing transistor, an output matching network and a resonance network, the input end of the input matching is connected with pumping microwaves, the output end of the input matching transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the heterojunction-containing transistor, the source electrode of the heterojunction-containing transistor is connected with the output matching transistor, and the grid electrode of the heterojunction-containing transistor is grounded through the resonance network; wherein each single frequency point tag circuit is encoded by one of the two methods.
Further, the transistor containing the heterojunction may be a heterojunction bipolar transistor or a Field Effect Transistor (FET), etc.; wherein the field effect transistor may be a metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or a High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT).
Further, the frequency of the pumping microwave is 2.5GHz-40 GHz.
Further, the input of pumping microwaves with different powers is realized by adding different attenuators before the input matching.
The invention also provides the application of the coding method in direction finding, after the direction of the antenna is changed, the received signals correspond to the direction of the antenna one by one, and simultaneously, the received signals correspond to the target object one by one, thereby realizing the direction finding of the target object.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a coding method based on a transistor passive frequency conversion RFID tag circuit, which applies a transistor passive frequency conversion technology to the RFID tag circuit, adjusts the frequency of an output frequency point by changing the resonance frequency of resonance network resonance or the power of input pump microwaves, and realizes radio frequency identification by utilizing the output frequency points with different frequencies to correspond to different tags. The RFID tag coding circuit is simple in structure, the passive frequency conversion technology of the transistor is adopted to realize tag coding, direct current power supply is not needed, tag sensitivity is high, and the RFID tag coding circuit can be well applied to an RFID system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a passive frequency conversion RFID single frequency point tag circuit based on transistors according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the input power P in embodiment 1 of the present inventioninAnd an output frequency f2The relationship curve of (1);
FIG. 3 shows the input power P in embodiment 1 of the present inventioninAnd the output power PoutThe relationship curve of (1);
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a direction-finding system based on the tag circuit of the present invention in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical contents of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to overcome the defects of complex structure, high cost, large volume and the like of the traditional RFID tag circuit, the invention provides the RFID tag circuit based on the passive frequency conversion of the transistor, the passive frequency conversion technology of the circuit based on the transistor is adopted, the frequency of an output frequency point is adjusted by changing the resonant frequency of a resonant network or inputting the power of pumping microwaves, and the radio frequency identification is realized by utilizing the output frequency points with different frequencies to correspond to different tags.
The principle of the passive frequency conversion technology is as follows: some special transistors can supply low-power radio frequency single-tone signals (with the frequency f) without supplying direct current1) Converted to another frequency-independent single tone signal (frequency f)2) And f is2Controllable, this phenomenon is called passive frequency conversion technology. When the resonant network works, a pumping microwave excites polaritons in a transistor energy level containing a heterojunction to a high energy level, the resonant network provides a specified energy path at the resonant frequency of the resonant network, so that the polaritons excited to the high energy level are downwards transited to a specified energy level in an energy level area and then transited to a ground state energy level from the specified energy level. When the polariton excited to the high energy level jumps to the designated energy level, the frequency generated by radiation is determined according to the frequency of the input pump microwave and the resonant frequency of the resonant network; when transitioning from the designated energy level to the ground level, the radiation generates a frequency equal to the resonant frequency of the resonant network.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the resonance point f is input1Matched to 2.5GHz and output resonance point f2Matched to 2.42 GHz. Keeping the input frequency at 2.5GHz constant and varying the input power PinMeasuring the output frequency f at different powers2And the output power PoutThe test results are shown in fig. 2 and 3. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the sensitivity of the RFID tag circuit is about-14 dBm, f2Inversely related to power, exhibiting a substantially linear relationship, f2Has a range of about 2.417GHz to 2.428GHz (f is a constant width of energy level2Is not a fixed value, but a value in a range). As can be seen from FIG. 3, the output power is about-35 dBm to-13 dBm and has a substantially linear relationship with the input power.
As can be taken from fig. 2 and 3, varying the input power results in different output frequencies and output powers. Based on the characteristics, attenuators (input power is changed) with different attenuation amounts are added to the input end of the RFID label circuit to distinguish different RFID labels, and the labels are identified according to the frequency of the acquired variable frequency signals; and the frequency of the acquired variable frequency signal corresponds to the label one by one, so that the RFID label coding is realized.
Example 2
Based on the application of the tag circuit and the coding method in direction finding, a plurality of target objects carrying single-frequency point tag circuits are connected with a receiving and transmitting antenna through a power divider; and the scanning antenna carries out direction finding on the target object according to the signals transmitted by the transmitting and receiving antenna. Specifically, the direction of the scanning antenna is changed, the received signals correspond to the directions of the scanning antenna one to one, and meanwhile, the received signals correspond to the target object one to one, so that the direction of the target object is measured.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a direction-finding system based on the tag circuit of the present invention; including scanning antenna, 1 divide N merit to divide ware and a plurality of single-frequency point label circuit, scanning antenna point to the target object who carries a plurality of single-frequency point label circuit, the signal that receiving and dispatching antenna received divides the ware through 1 minute N merit, divide into N different power's signal after, imports a plurality of single-frequency point label circuit respectively, produce the signal of a plurality of different frequencies, divide the ware through the merit, the transmission and dispatching antenna is launched, carry out frequency discrimination after scanning antenna receives, can realize the direction finding to target object. The scanning antenna can convert the frequency into f1Emits electromagnetic energy everywhere in space (direction 1, direction 2, direction 3 as shown in fig. 4), and can receive enough electromagnetic energy only when the direction of the scanning antenna is directed to the transistor-based passive frequency conversion RFID tag (direction 2, for example), and the low power is transmitted at a frequency f1The electromagnetic wave energy is converted into another frequency-independent single tone signal (frequency f)2) The signal can be received by a scanning antenna and identified by f2Frequency, thereby determining that a transistor-based passive frequency-converting RFID tag is present in direction 2. When a plurality of passive frequency conversion RFID tags based on transistors are placed in the space, the scanning antenna continuously changes the transmitting direction, judges whether the passive frequency conversion RFID tags based on the transistors are contained in each direction according to the principle, and identifies the passive frequency conversion RFID tags based on the transistors in each direction according to the difference of the received frequency.
Wherein, the 1-N power divider is an equal power divider or a non-equal power divider. When the power divider is an equal power divider, each single-frequency point tag circuit corresponds to one frequency point respectively, and each target object is coded according to the corresponding frequency point; and the direction-finding system identifies a specific target and a target direction according to the codes. When the power divider is a non-equal power divider, each single-frequency point tag circuit corresponds to a group of output frequencies by adjusting the resonance points with matched output; the direction-finding system identifies the target object according to the collected frequency information.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The encoding method based on the transistor passive frequency conversion RFID single-frequency-point tag circuit is characterized in that the single-frequency-point tag circuit comprises an input matching transistor, a transistor with a heterojunction, an output matching transistor and a resonant network, wherein the input end of the input matching transistor is connected with pumping microwaves, the output end of the input matching transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the transistor with the heterojunction, the source electrode of the transistor with the heterojunction is connected with the output matching transistor, and the grid electrode of the transistor is grounded through the resonant network;
the RFID label coding is completed by changing the resonant frequency of the resonant network and adjusting the frequency of the output frequency point corresponding to different labels, so that the radio frequency identification is realized.
2. The encoding method based on the transistor passive frequency conversion RFID single-frequency-point tag circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transistor containing the heterojunction is a heterojunction bipolar transistor or a field effect transistor.
3. The encoding method based on the transistor passive frequency conversion RFID single-frequency-point tag circuit is characterized in that the single-frequency-point tag circuit comprises an input matching transistor, a transistor with a heterojunction, an output matching transistor and a resonant network, wherein the input end of the input matching transistor is connected with pumping microwaves, the output end of the input matching transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the transistor with the heterojunction, the source electrode of the transistor with the heterojunction is connected with the output matching transistor, and the grid electrode of the transistor is grounded through the resonant network;
the pumping microwaves with the same frequency and different powers are input, and are output and matched through a transistor with a heterojunction, frequency points with different frequencies can be output, the RFID label coding is completed corresponding to different labels, and the radio frequency identification is realized.
4. The encoding method based on the transistor passive frequency conversion RFID single-frequency-point tag circuit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the transistor containing the heterojunction is a heterojunction bipolar transistor or a field effect transistor.
5. The encoding method based on the transistor passive frequency conversion RFID multi-frequency-point tag circuit is characterized in that the multi-frequency-point tag circuit comprises a plurality of single-frequency-point tag circuits, each single-frequency-point tag circuit comprises an input matching transistor, a heterojunction-containing transistor, an output matching network and a resonance network, the input end of the input matching is connected with pumping microwaves, the output end of the input matching transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the heterojunction-containing transistor, the source electrode of the heterojunction-containing transistor is connected with the output matching transistor, and the grid electrode of the heterojunction-containing transistor is grounded through the resonance network; wherein each single frequency point tag circuit is coded by any one of the methods of claims 1 or 3.
6. The encoding method of the transistor-based passive frequency conversion RFID multi-frequency tag circuit of claim 5, wherein the transistor containing heterojunction is a heterojunction bipolar transistor or a field effect transistor.
7. The use of the coding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in direction finding, wherein after the direction of the antenna is changed, the received signals correspond to the direction of the antenna one by one, and the received signals correspond to the target object one by one, thereby achieving direction finding of the target object.
8. The use of the coding method according to claim 5 in direction finding, wherein after the direction of the antenna is changed, the received signals correspond to the direction of the antenna one by one, and the received signals correspond to the target object one by one, thereby achieving direction finding of the target object.
9. The use of the coding method according to claim 6 in direction finding, wherein after the direction of the antenna is changed, the received signals correspond to the direction of the antenna one by one, and the received signals correspond to the target object one by one, thereby achieving direction finding of the target object.
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| CN201910605598.XA CN110334556B (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Encoding method based on transistor passive frequency conversion RFID tag circuit |
| US16/920,781 US11815588B2 (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2020-07-06 | Room-temperature semiconductor maser and applications thereof |
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| CN201910605598.XA CN110334556B (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Encoding method based on transistor passive frequency conversion RFID tag circuit |
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| CN111178105B (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2021-08-24 | 上海移为通信技术股份有限公司 | RFID (radio frequency identification) tag information reading device and method |
| CN115940821B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-07-25 | 成都熵泱科技有限公司 | Passive frequency conversion structure and passive frequency conversion method |
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