CN103013608A

CN103013608A - Method of preparing solid fuel by softening straws and curing and forming waste fungi bag base material

Info

Publication number: CN103013608A
Application number: CN2013100139274A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张淑林
Original assignee: GUIZHOU JIANGLIN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: GUIZHOU JIANGLIN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-01-15
Filing date: 2013-01-15
Publication date: 2013-04-03

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of preparing solid fuel by softening straws and curing and forming waste fungi bag base material. The method comprises the steps of softening straw chips, crushing the straws into powder with 0.3-2mm and 50-60% of moisture, adding 2% of urea by weight, 0.1-1% of quick lime, and 0.1% of fungi enzyme softening agent, fully mixing evenly, wherein each pile is 1.2-1.5m high, the diameter of each pile is 2-2.5m, and the piles need to be sheltered; turning the piles after 5-7 days when the temperature achieves more than 55 DEG C, softening the piles for 15-40 days so as to enable the volume of the piles to be reduced by one third, and completing the softening when the temperature is reduced to below 45 DEG C; proportioning press cakes raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of waste fungi bag base materials, 25-40% of sawdust, 5-10% of pulverized coal, the balance of binding agent, and 2-3% of potassium permanganate and potassium nitrate or 2-3% of liquid paraffin and potassium nitrate; and conducting mechanical forming on the press cakes. The method has obvious social benefits, environment benefits and economic benefits.

Description

Softening and the waste and old bacterium Bao Jike curing molding preparing solid fuel of stalk

Technical field

The present invention relates to the bioenergy manufacturing technology, relate in particular to the softening method with waste and old bacterium Bao Jike curing molding preparing solid fuel of stalk.

Background technology

Utilize stalk and waste and old bacterium bag base-material fabrication biofuel, traditional method mostly is and adds tackiness agent through stirring in stalk and waste and old bacterium bag base-material, mechanical compression molding, or in dedicated combustion furnace, bake into bar-shaped charcoal, for fuel, the shortcoming of roasting method is that facility investment is high, environment there is in various degree pollution, problem for above-mentioned existence, ad hoc having counted utilized the softening rear mechanical-moulded process for making of biological fermentation, have the Biological resources of recycling, obtain preferably environmental benefit and economic benefit.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of stalk is softening, the method for waste and old bacterium Bao Jike curing molding preparing solid fuel, with various agricultural crop straws and leaf, weeds, wood chip, husk, Chinese medicine preparation tankage, all materials that contains cellulignin, the multiple bacterium of bacterium, fungi, actinomycetes and biological enzyme by energy decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen is composite, can rapidly stalk be decomposed mineralising under suitable condition, the agent of employed stalk enzyme is commercially available product.

The softening method of stalk: (1) with crushed stalk to 0.3-2mm; (2) the straw powder water is watered infiltration, water content reaches 50%-60%, the urea of adding 2% per ton or add nitrogen element with its equivalent, regulate carbon-nitrogen ratio, add 0.1% caustic lime block, water is foamed into powdery and evenly admixes during use, regulate the pH value, be conducive to promote the softening of stalk and decompose; (3) raw material was stacked 2-10 days, and siccative stalk pulvis per ton adds tenderizer 1kg is advisable, and used step by step hybrid system, namely first the agent of 1kg stalk enzyme was mixed being sprinkled in the straw powder that mixes up moisture with 500-1000g Semen Maydis powder or bran flour; (4) with tripper the agent of bacterium enzyme and raw material are fully mixed, pile high 1.2-1.5 rice, answer the wind sheltering of cloth gear around the diameter 2-2.5 rice, stockpile, the dehydration of straight sunning prevention top layer, and the moisturizing of suitably spraying water should be blocked in fine heap top; (5) can reach 50-70 ℃ through 48 hours temperature, continuing fermentation 5-7 day, carrying out turning more than 55 ℃ when temperature, make the softening uniformity of inner fermentation interior, loading and unloading; (6) dwindle 1/3 when the fermentation stockpile, powder is tawny and adularescent mycelia, and temperature is down to below 45 ℃, softening finishing.

The softening bacterium enzyme agent of stalk does not mix use with sterilant, agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer; Avoid solar ulatraviolet radiation enzyme bacterial classification during use as far as possible; The agent of bacterium enzyme is that pulvis is water insoluble, should mix step by step rear use, is stored in shady and cool dry place.

The solution that fermentation calefaction is slow;

The moisture content of A, fermentation material necessarily reaches 50-60%;

B, C/N ratio are 25-30:1; The C/N ratio is less than 20:1; Temperature rises to 32-48 ℃; The C/N ratio is greater than 35; High temperature does not fall after heating up;

C, adjustment pH value make fermentation materials be alkaline pH 8-9, improve the pH value with being alkalescence with CaO or the NaOH aqueous solution, reduce pH value H ₃PO ₄The aqueous solution;

D, increase ventilation property: stalk lashes or imbeds wherein with the hole thick bamboo tube in stockpile;

E, add the raft body, make a pile weight about 1000kg, stack height 0.8-1.5 rice, diameter 1.5-2 rice;

F, note windproofly, block with film around the stockpile when wind is arranged;

Ferment and turned over once heap, total fermentation time 15-40 days in 5-7 days.

Raw material is totally filled a prescription

(1) kind of additive and tackiness agent, a, clay; B, lime; C, coal grain; D, black pigment FeSO ₄.7H ₂The O(black alum);

(2) matrix main raw material kind and part by weight: a, wood sawdust 25-40%; B, waste and old bacterium mushroom bag base-material 20-40%; C, stalk 15-20%; D, bark leaf 15-20%;

(3) briquetting base starting material weight proportion: waste and old bacterium mushroom bag base-material 40%; Wood sawdust 25-40%; Coal dust 5-10%; Clay 10-15%; Potassium permanganate and saltpetre 2-3% or white oil and saltpetre 2-3%;

(4) briquetting temperature

Temperature during the material briquetting should be at 100-120 ℃, and the fast plasticity of compound stalk forming is good.

The fuel that adopts the technical program to produce can partly substitute coal fuel, utilize waste resource to be converted into the clean energy environmental contamination reduction, the significant social benefit of tool, environmental benefit and economic benefit, the shaped fuel intensity height that this method is produced is non-friable, and calorific value can reach the 4500-500 kilocalorie.

Embodiment

Stalk involved in the present invention softening with waste and old bacterium bag base-material curing molding preparing solid fuel, softening (1) of straw dust with crushed stalk 0.3-2mm, makes water content reach 50-60% and adds 2% urea, adds the unslaked lime of 0.1-1% again; (2) add 0.1% bacterium enzyme bating agent by raw material weight, the agent of bacterium enzyme is enlarged 1-2 doubly, be that 1kg enzyme agent (commercially available prod) mixes to be sprinkled in the straw powder that mixes up moisture with 1000-2000g Semen Maydis powder or wheat bran and fully mixes, every heap is piled high 1.2-1.5 rice, should enclose film around the diameter 2-2.5 rice, stockpile keeps out the wind; The water spray insulation of heap face top layer through 5-7 day, when temperature reaches turning more than 55 ℃, was worked as fermentation stockpile volume-diminished 1/3 in 15-40 days, and powder becomes tawny, and the adularescent mycelia, and temperature is down to 45 ℃ and is finished with bottom fermentation; Softening bacterium enzyme agent does not mix use with sterilant, agricultural chemicals.

The water holding capacity of fermentation material reaches 50-60%, and C/N is than being 25-30:1; The pH value is 8-9; The pH value is lower than below 7 regulates with CaO or the NaoH aqueous solution, and the stalk or the porous thick bamboo tube that lash are imbedded in the stockpile, increases ventilation property, and the kind of additive and tackiness agent is made toner with clay, lime, coal grain, black alum;

Main raw material and add-on: wood sawdust 25-40%, bacterium mushroom bag base-material 20-40%, coal dust 5-10%, potassium permanganate and saltpetre 2-3% or white oil and saltpetre 2-3%, surplus is tackiness agent.

100-120 ℃ of briquetting temperature, mechanical compression molding.

Claims

1. a stalk softens and waste and old bacterium Bao Jike curing molding preparing solid fuel, it is characterized in that: straw dust softening, crushed stalk 0.3-2mm water content is reached 50-60%, add by weight 2% urea, the unslaked lime that adds again 0.1-1%, by 0.1% heavy bacterium enzyme bating agent of material, fully mix, every heap is piled high 1.2-1.5 rice, diameter 2-2.5 rice, stockpile is answered wind sheltering, reaches turning more than 55 ℃ through 5-7 days temperature, softening 15-40 days heap volume-diminished 1/3, temperature are down to softening finishing below 45 ℃; Briquetting raw material reprovision ratio: waste and old bacterium mushroom bag base-material 20-40%; Wood sawdust 25-40%; Coal dust 5-10%; Potassium permanganate and saltpetre 2-3% or white oil and saltpetre 2-3%; Surplus is tackiness agent; The machinery compound stalk forming.

2. stalk according to claim 1 softens and waste and old bacterium Bao Jike curing molding preparing solid fuel, it is characterized in that: the softening C/N of stalk is than being 25-30:1; 100-120 ℃ of compound stalk forming temperature.