CN103009020A - Manufacturing method for steel cracking connecting rod - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for steel cracking connecting rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN103009020A CN103009020A CN2012105861436A CN201210586143A CN103009020A CN 103009020 A CN103009020 A CN 103009020A CN 2012105861436 A CN2012105861436 A CN 2012105861436A CN 201210586143 A CN201210586143 A CN 201210586143A CN 103009020 A CN103009020 A CN 103009020A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method for a steel cracking connecting rod and belongs to the field of manufacturing of engine parts. According to the method, a preheated gray cast iron sheet is prearranged at a cavity at the joint of a connecting rod body and a connecting rod cover when a connecting rod blank is cast; during casting, the interface, contacted with molten steel, of the gray cast iron sheet is fused under the strong action of the molten steel; after condensation, the gray cast iron sheet is combined with steel in a metallurgical mode to manufacture a composite connecting rod blank; and when a cracking process is implemented, a connecting rod cracking groove is arranged in the middle of the gray cast iron sheet, brittle fracture separation of the connecting rod body and the connecting rod cover is realized by utilizing the brittle fracture of gray cast iron, and a natural three-dimensional concavo-convex structure on the fracture surface guarantees precise positioning and assembling of the connecting rod body and the connecting rod cover. By the manufacturing method for the steel cracking connecting rod, various common steel materials can be used for manufacturing the steel cracking connecting rod, the brittle fracture separation of the connecting rod and the connecting rod cover is realized at normal temperature, and the process of processing the combined surface by a mechanical grinding method is avoided, so that the manufacturing process is simplified and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engine component and make the field, be specifically related to a kind of manufacture method of steel cracking connecting-rod.
Background technology
Connecting rod is one of key components and parts of engine, bears high-frequency alternating load in its course of work, so connecting rod must have sufficiently high intensity, rigidity and comprehensive mechanical performance.Conventional linkage adopts the parts processing method, with the faying face of sawing, milling, the method such as mill is processed gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap, finishes both attaching together behind the dowel hole of fine finishining connecting rod cap and the gonnecting rod body bolt hole behind the solid forging connecting rod blank.The conventional method operation is various, and efficient is low, the product percent defective is high, and bearing capacity and quality stability are all relatively poor.Therefore, cracking process technology becomes the new technology that connecting rod is made the tool prospect in field gradually.
The inductile of cast connecting rod and the easily application of the extremely suitable cracking process technology of brittle failure, but the cast connecting rod deviation of weight is large, mechanical performance is relatively poor, and fatigue strength is low, and its use is restricted.At present, most widely used in the cracking connecting-rod production is the C70S6 high-carbon non-hardened and tempered steel of Germany's development, France development SPLITASCO series high-carbon steel, and the materials cleavability is good, but yield strength is lower, and hardness is higher, and tool wear is fast, and material price is high.It is the connecting rod non-hardened and tempered steel that domestic enterprise has successively developed vanadium system, manganese vanadium system and manganese vanadium nitrogen, and 38MnVS, 40MnV, 48MnV etc. are typically arranged.But also have in actual applications a lot of problems: cracking back link big end hole distortion is excessive, faying face occurs obviously that dislocation, plane of disruption grain size do not reach the engagement requirement, even has and split inextricablely etc., and these problems have all limited the manufacturing of high-quality cracking connecting-rod.
Fracture quality for control steel connecting rod, improve the cracking connecting-rod qualification rate, the at present research on the cracking technology of steel connecting rod mainly concentrates on: (1) control steel carbon-content, add microalloy element Mn, S, Si, V, Cr, P etc., and regulate each component content to reach the brittle failure requirement; (2) optimize the cracking subdivision structure of connecting rod, and by surperficial cure process, have the cracking face of grain boundary with formation; (3) the steel connecting rod is put into liquid nitrogen deep, to change material ductility, make it enter brittle state, realize the brittle failure subdivision of connecting rod; (4) adopt laser or plasma that steel con-rod fracture splitting district is shone, make the part become martensitic structure by austenite structure, realize that the connecting rod brittle failure separates.Above-mentioned technology all can not fundamentally solve cracking technique to the limitation of connecting rod material, can't be with medium carbon steel, and common forged steel etc. are applied to the manufacturing of cracking connecting-rod.
Application number is 201210111187.3, the patent that name is called " a kind of manufacture method of cracking type connecting rod " proposes to adopt the technique that cracking face artificially is set in connecting rod blank to make connecting rod, one deck particulate metal foil namely is set in mold cavity, makes its molten metal reaction form the fragility interface.There are the following problems for this technology: metal foil intensity is low, easily oxidized, if that foil both sides metal bath surface rises is inconsistent, it is not steady to fill type, foil is impacted large, the fragility interface that then forms in the foundry goods will be out of position, maybe can't form the embrittlement interface, and is follow-up or can't implement the cracking subdivision.
Application number is 201210111190.5, and the patent that name is called " a kind of manufacture method of bimetal composite cracking connecting-rod " proposes: cast first gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap, detach again cast cracking molten metal behind the intermediate isolating plate, and make the composite rod strand.The method is impractical in steel material, and invar material fusing point is high, and easily sticking to mould, and metal condensation shrinks will produce very large coating power to division board, and division board detaches difficulty smoothly.
The problem that exists for overcoming above-mentioned patented technology, the present invention proposes a kind of that casting pig sheet castingin is inner at the steel connecting rod, during cast by the heat of molten steel with casting pig sheet and molten steel matrix material metallurgical binding, formation composite rod strand; When implementing cracking technology, utilize the brittle failure of casting pig sheet to finish the cracking subdivision of gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap.Simple, easy to operate, the low cost of manufacture of manufacturing approach craft of the steel cracking connecting-rod that the present invention proposes.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the steel type that can be used at present making cracking connecting-rod few, occur splitting not open when common forged steel, medium carbon steel cracking, the cracking problem such as cross section deformation, crack branching, the method of castingin casting pig in a kind of steel connecting rod is provided, to solve cracking technique to the limitation of connecting rod selection, improve the con-rod fracture splitting quality.
Based on this purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of manufacture method of steel cracking connecting-rod, it is characterized in that, and during the cast connecting rod blank casting pig sheet of preheating is preset in the connecting portion cavity place of gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap; Pass through the strong heat effect of molten steel during cast, the interface melting that the casting pig sheet is contacted with molten steel, the casting pig sheet is combined in metallurgical mode with steel after the condensation, makes the composite rod blank; Then offer splitter in the gray cast iron material district of connecting rod, adopt cracking apparatus to make gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap in the gray cast iron material district, finish the brittle failure subdivision, utilize three-dimensional concave-convex structure natural on the plane of disruption to finish accurate location and the assembling of gonnecting rod body-lid.
A kind of manufacture method of steel cracking connecting-rod, concrete steps are:
A) the casting pig sheet 3 of preheating is preset in during the cast connecting rod blank connecting portion cavity place of gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod cap 2;
B) when cast be by the heat effect of molten steel, the interface melting that casting pig sheet 3 is contacted with molten steel, and casting pig sheet 3 is combined in metallurgical mode with steel after the condensation, makes the composite rod blank;
C) diffusion annealing/normalized treatment;
D) the composite rod blank of making more than or forge modified heat treatment;
E) offer splitter 4 in the gray cast iron material district of connecting rod, make gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod cap 2 in the gray cast iron material district, finish the brittle failure subdivision with cracking apparatus;
F) utilize three-dimensional concave-convex structure natural on the brittle failure subdivision plane of disruption to finish accurate location and the assembling of gonnecting rod body-lid.
Connecting rod blank adopts sand casting, model casting, lost foam casting.
Gray cast iron material phosphorus content mass percent is 2.2 ~ 4.0%, and fusing point is 1100 ~ 1300 ℃, and the casting pig sheet thickness of inlaying is 0.1mm ~ 10mm.For increasing the bond strength of casting pig and mother metal, the casting pig sheet that to inlay is made as and comprises front surface, rear surface and four sides corresponding with front surface, wherein will directly contact and be cut with a v-depression that connects on the side of gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap, or the side profile that will directly contact gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap is made zigzag structure.
In advance casting mold is carried out preheating before the casting, the casting pig that casting mold inside is inlayed fully is preheated to 400 ~ 900 ℃, produce Interface Crack because of thermal stress and transformation stress when avoiding molten metal to contact with casting pig, thereby improve the metallurgical binding quality at mother metal and casting pig interface.
The manufacture method of described a kind of steel cracking connecting-rod, it is characterized in that, described steps A), B) replace with, during the cast connecting rod blank, first at gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod cap 2 die cavity places cast molten steel, when treating that molten steel is condensed to half curdled appearance, take out dividing plate, cast casting pig molten iron makes casting pig be combined in metallurgical mode with steel, makes the composite rod blank.
The composite rod blank of more than making or forge after carry out again cracking technology processing.
The manufacturing process of cracking connecting-rod comprises: the cast connecting rod blank; Diffusion annealing/normalizing; Forge; Modified heat treatment; Processing splitter, cracking subdivision and ressemble.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: (1) is at the land of gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap castingin one deck casting pig, utilize inductile, the easily brittle failure sexual satisfaction con-rod fracture splitting process technology requirement of casting pig, break through cracking technique to the limitation of connecting rod material, increase the optional scope of connecting rod material, reduce manufacturing cost, the weight precision of connecting rod can be controlled at 1.5%.(2) implement cracking technology in the gray cast iron material district of connecting rod, reduce the cracking strength in the cracking process, can effectively improve occur in the con-rod fracture splitting process tear, split not open, fall the problems such as slag, plane of disruption dislocation, big end distortion.(3) adopt model casting, lost foam casting to finish the precision form of cracking connecting-rod, its geometry, dimensional accuracy have reduced processing charges near the connecting rod finished size, reduce tool wear and energy resource consumption.Need not when (4) bar linkage structure designs to consider to reserve cutting surplus, faying face grinding allowance, so bar linkage structure design simplification, bolt hole machining accuracy and cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is with the connecting rod schematic diagram of casting pig empiecement.
Fig. 2 connecting rod lost foam casting process flow chart.
Fig. 3 connecting rod investment casting formwork schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 connecting rod model casting flow chart.
Among the figure, 1 connecting rod cap, 2 connecting rod caps, 3 casting pig sheets, 4 splitters, 5 connecting-rod bolts, 6 rising heads, 7 sprues, 8 induction coils, 9 sand molds, 10 ingates, 11 screws, 12 connecting rod formworks.
The specific embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but can not be interpreted as that these examples are the restrictions to technical scheme.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 2 is connecting rod lost foam casting process figure, and connecting rod is arranged vertically, and big end down, and is head-up little, and gonnecting rod body 1, connecting rod cap 2 and running gate system ingate 10 adopt the disappearance model, and rising head 6 and sprue 7 adopt the direct moulding of wooden model.During Casting mold manufacturing, at first make the mould of the polystyrene foam plastics mould of connecting rod, use again the foam mould of this Mold Making connecting rod, then offer a rectangular enclosure at the gonnecting rod body 1 of the foam mould of connecting rod with the binding site of connecting rod cap 2, be used for installing casting pig sheet 3, guarantee that the length of casting pig sheet 3 exceeds connecting rod cap 2 both sides 3 ~ 10mm; Then paste running gate system ingate 10 and apply fireproof coating at foam mould, the whole evaporative pattern of completion has been pasted in the drying room oven dry that puts it into temperature and be 50 ℃; The whole evaporative pattern of oven dry is imbedded in the dry sand, is that 50 ~ 60HZ, amplitude are to carry out jolt ramming in the 1-2mm parameter area in vibration frequency, and adopts wooden model directly to make rising head 6 and sprue 7, finishes the making of evaporative pattern casting mold.
Casting pig sheet 3 adopts watery hydrochloric acid to clean in advance, removes surface scale, and at outer surface coating one deck anti-oxidant protective agent, then is embedded in disappearance model gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod cap 3 connecting portions.Before the casting whole sand mold is put in the induction coil, adopt eddy-current heating that the connecting rod casting mold is carried out preheating, in warm, the foamed polystyrene pattern vaporization of being heated, when casting pig sheet 3 is preheated to 300 ~ 800 ℃, melted alloy molten steel is poured into casting mold, until rising head is filled, molten steel is to be higher than 30 ~ 80 ℃ of casting of its liquidus temperature.After the foundry goods cooling, sand mold integral body is hung out broken sand pickup in induction coil.
By analysis of experiments, getting microstructure morphology from combination interface can find out, obvious metallurgical reaction has occured at the interface, and casting pig sheet two layers of material is combined with mother metal closely, without obvious crackle and hole.When implementing cracking technology, at first the roughing crank pin end pore is offered splitter 4 in the middle of the casting pig 3 of big end, adopts cracking apparatus that gonnecting rod body 1 is finished with connecting rod cap 2 and separates.The casting pig 3 of inlaying in the connecting rod during cracking shows excellent brittle failure, and the big end bore deformation is little, forms the canine tooth cross structure on the section, can realize the locating surface of gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod cap 2, finishes both accurately attaching together.Since the edge of casting pig as, monolaterally when effectively having reduced con-rod fracture splitting tear, split the problem such as inextricable, big end hole distortion.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt full form casting process, at first according to the connecting rod moulding that will make, make the wax-pattern of connecting rod, and the gonnecting rod body on the connecting rod wax-pattern 1 is offered a rectangular enclosure with the connecting rod position of connecting rod cap 2, be used for installing casting pig sheet 3, and gate stick and ingate be bonded on the connecting rod wax-pattern, make the wax-pattern module.Casting pig sheet 3 will adopt watery hydrochloric acid to clean before embedding wax-pattern, removes surface scale, and at outer surface coating one deck anti-oxidant protective agent, protective agent is boric acid or rare earth oxide; Two ends were screwed into respectively low melting point screw 11 after casting pig sheet 3 was embedded in the wax-pattern, and screw 11 is stretched out wax-pattern outer wall 3 ~ 6mm; Then connecting rod module surface is dipped in the mixture of upper refractory material waterglass or silicic acid glue and fine sand, again mucilage, spill fire sand, guarantee that surperficial layer of sand has 2 ~ 5mm thick; Behind its dry solidification, whole module is heated to 60 ~ 80 ℃, the wax material that melts is deviate from from cast gate, make die housing 12, as shown in Figure 3; Before the casting die housing is heated to 700 ~ 900 ℃, melted steel alloy heat is injected from the sprue gate, molten steel is to be higher than 30 ~ 80 ℃ of casting of its liquidus temperature.The compound casting of castingin iron plate in forming after the condensation manually shells and excises dead head.
By analysis of experiments, getting microstructure morphology from combination interface can find out, obvious metallurgical reaction has occured at the interface, and casting pig sheet two layers of material is combined with mother metal closely, without obvious crackle and hole.When implementing cracking technology, at first the roughing crank pin end pore is offered splitter 4 in the middle of the casting pig 3 of big end, adopts cracking apparatus that gonnecting rod body 1 is finished with connecting rod cap 2 and separates.The casting pig 3 of inlaying in the connecting rod during cracking shows excellent brittle failure, and the big end bore deformation is little, forms the canine tooth cross structure on the section, can realize the locating surface of gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod cap 2, finishes both accurately attaching together.Since the edge of casting pig as, monolaterally when effectively having reduced con-rod fracture splitting tear, split the problem such as inextricable, big end hole distortion.
Claims (6)
1. the manufacture method of a steel cracking connecting-rod is characterized in that, concrete steps are:
A) the casting pig sheet (3) of preheating is preset in during the cast connecting rod blank connecting portion cavity place of gonnecting rod body (1) and connecting rod cap (2);
B) when cast be by the heat effect of molten steel, the interface melting that casting pig sheet (3) is contacted with molten steel, and casting pig sheet (3) is combined in metallurgical mode with steel after the condensation, makes the composite rod blank;
C) diffusion annealing/normalized treatment;
D) the composite rod blank of making more than or forge modified heat treatment;
E) offer splitter (4) in the gray cast iron material district of connecting rod, make gonnecting rod body (1) and connecting rod cap (2) in the gray cast iron material district, finish the brittle failure subdivision with cracking apparatus;
F) utilize three-dimensional concave-convex structure natural on the brittle failure subdivision plane of disruption to finish accurate location and the assembling of gonnecting rod body-lid.
2. the manufacture method of a kind of steel cracking connecting-rod according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described connecting rod blank adopts sand casting, model casting or lost foam casting.
3. the manufacture method of a kind of steel cracking connecting-rod according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the material phosphorus content mass percent of described casting pig sheet (3) is 2.2 ~ 4.0%, and fusing point is 1100 ~ 1300 ℃, and described casting pig sheet (3) thickness is 0.1mm ~ 10mm.
4. the manufacture method of a kind of steel cracking connecting-rod according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described casting pig sheet (3) is the process Nickel Plating Treatment.
5. the manufacture method of a kind of steel cracking connecting-rod according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, be cut with the v-depression of a perforation on the side of described casting pig sheet (3) contact gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap, or zigzag is made in the side that just contacts gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap.
6. the manufacture method of a kind of steel cracking connecting-rod according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described steps A), B) replace with, during the cast connecting rod blank, first at gonnecting rod body (1) and connecting rod cap (2) die cavity place cast molten steel, when treating that molten steel is condensed to half curdled appearance, take out dividing plate, cast casting pig molten iron makes casting pig be combined in metallurgical mode with steel, makes the composite rod blank.
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| CN105290743A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-02-03 | 吉林大学 | Method for cracking hardened and tempered forged steel connection rods |
| CN106994496A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-01 | 江苏大学 | A kind of forging method of steel bimetallic cracking connecting-rod |
| CN108080602A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of part blank nature cracking technology |
| TWI665035B (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2019-07-11 | 國立大學法人東北大學 | Semi-solidified casting and forging device and method, and casting and forging products |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105290743A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-02-03 | 吉林大学 | Method for cracking hardened and tempered forged steel connection rods |
| CN106994496A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-01 | 江苏大学 | A kind of forging method of steel bimetallic cracking connecting-rod |
| CN106994496B (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-12-14 | 江苏大学 | A kind of forging method of steel bimetallic cracking connecting-rod |
| CN108080602A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of part blank nature cracking technology |
| CN111496195A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-07 | 全椒康盛机电有限公司 | Bimetallic investment casting process for automobile engine connecting rod |
| CN113714465A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-11-30 | 宁夏军浩机械设备制造有限公司 | Lost foam casting mold and casting method |
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