CN103008897B - Composite welding method combining laser with friction stir welding - Google Patents
Composite welding method combining laser with friction stir welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN103008897B CN103008897B CN201210592979.7A CN201210592979A CN103008897B CN 103008897 B CN103008897 B CN 103008897B CN 201210592979 A CN201210592979 A CN 201210592979A CN 103008897 B CN103008897 B CN 103008897B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite welding method which can realize the high welding speed and the high welding quality of welded plates. The welding method applies a composite welding technology combining laser with friction stir welding to the high-efficiency connection of the hard welded plates such as stainless steel, solving the problem of friction stir welding high-efficiency connection of the hard welded plates. The method mainly comprises the following steps that on a welded plate to be welded, the plate thickness of the welded plate is 20 to 50mm; a first laser beam is arranged on the back of the welded plate, and a second laser beam and a friction stir head are arranged on the front of the welded plate; and the first laser beam, the friction stir head and the second laser beam are sequentially arranged along a welding direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Laser Processing and manufacture field, be specifically related to a kind of method of the composite welding in conjunction with laser and friction stir welding.
Background technology
Because friction stir welding utilizes the stirring-head of High Rotation Speed and the shaft shoulder and metal for mecystasis, along with stirring-head advances, metal moves to stirring-head rear and forms a kind of Solid-State Welding method of tight weld, so it is suitable for the welding of the softer metal of material, it is applied to the welding of non-ferrous metal as Al, Cu and succeeds, but still there is drawback during the welded plate that agitating friction welding material is harder simultaneously.Such as, because stainless steel hardness is higher, therefore, its speed of welding is slow, and efficiency is low, becomes the yoke of the extensive use restricting stainless friction stir welding, in addition based on the feature of friction stir welding itself, the end of welded part leaves " keyhole ", so if desired, welding procedure needs add " draw welding plate or go out welding plate ", this is again a kind of waste of resource to the aspect that is installed of welding equipment, in addition also have research invention design specialized stirring-head or adopt the method for embedded friction stir welding to reduce the occurrence probability of problems, China publication CN102120287A discloses the embedded agitating friction seam of dissimilar metal in soldering method altogether, specifically disclose and process one or more dovetail groove on the second harder mother metal, then joint form assembling is pressed, require upside aluminium sheet being placed in harder second mother metal dovetail groove, use needleless stirring-head and tilt to install, start stirring-head rotate and make it to contact with aluminium sheet upper surface: the compression distance limiting stirring-head is about between 0.1mm ~ 2mm, without the need to penetrating weld interface, through after the initiating terminal friction preheating several seconds, move the stirring-head or workbench that are rotating, aluminium sheet can be revolved and clamp-on in the groove of lower plate, complete welding or coated, by this friction welding method, the generation of keyhole can be avoided, but range of application is narrower, and before weldering, workload is large, and welding efficiency is very low.Therefore, the problem of these two aspects in the urgent need to address.Simultaneously, have that power density is high, thermal weld stress is low, welding heat affected zone is little due to laser weld and the feature such as welding deformation is little, make it in the extensive use of stainless steel welded field, but laser weld is higher to the required precision that is installed, this also constrains the development of stainless laser weld.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the welding Problems existing of the harder welded plate of material in background technology, this invention provides one, and can to realize welded plate speed of welding fast, the complex welding method that welding quality is high, laser and this compound welding technology of friction stir welding are successfully applied to the efficient connection of welded plate by this welding method, the difficult problem that the friction stir welding solving welded plate efficiently connects.
The invention discloses a kind of complex welding method in conjunction with laser and friction stir welding, it comprises: on fishplate bar to be welded, arranges the first laser beam at the back side of fishplate bar to be welded, arranges friction-stir head and the second laser beam in the front of fishplate bar to be welded; During welding, first to be softened the position to be welded on fishplate bar to be welded by the first laser beam along welding direction, then carry out agitating friction welding by friction-stir head, be finally stirred by described second laser beam remelting the weld seam that friction welding (FW) welded.
Described first laser beam shifts to an earlier date preheating and preliminarily softened corrosion resistant plate to be welded along welding direction, can significantly improve the speed of welding of friction stir welding like this; Described second laser beam, remelting can be stirred the weld seam that friction welding (FW) welded, can improve the outward appearance being stirred the weld seam that friction welding (FW) weld on the one hand, the keyhole of elimination left by friction stir welding; On the other hand, the quality of weld seam can be improved further.The first laser beam be applicable to according to the different choose reasonable of thickness of slab and the power of the second laser beam, when welding starts, first the first laser beam is applied to corrosion resistant plate to be welded, and then friction-stir head, the second laser beam act on corrosion resistant plate to be welded successively; At the end of welding, first the first laser beam leaves corrosion resistant plate to be welded, and then friction-stir head, the second laser beam leave on corrosion resistant plate to be welded successively.Whole welding process does not need draw welding plate or go out welding plate.
By the above-mentioned complex welding method in conjunction with laser beam and friction stir welding, reach the effect of 1+1 > 2, make stainless welding achieve faster and better welding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the assembling schematic diagram of laser and friction stir welding composite welding fishplate bar to be welded in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes the complex welding method of a kind of laser and friction stir welding, it comprises: on welded plate to be welded, described welded plate thickness is between 20-50mm, first laser beam arrangement is at the welded plate back side, second laser beam, friction-stir head are arranged in welded plate front, arrange the first laser beam, friction-stir head, the second laser beam successively along welding direction; Described first laser beam source is in CO2 laser instrument, the center line of described first laser beam is α with the angle of the vertical direction of welded plate upper surface, wherein 15 °≤α≤30 °, the laser power of described first laser beam is P1, wherein 1400w≤P1≤2500w, adjusting laser beam focus, relative to the position on welded plate surface to be welded, makes the diameter dimension of the laser facula be radiated on fishplate bar to be welded at 2-5mm; Described second laser beam source in CO2 laser instrument, the central axis of described second laser beam and welded plate upper surface, the laser power of described second laser beam is P2, wherein 2000w≤P2≤4000w; The center line of described friction-stir head is θ with the angle of the vertical direction of welded plate upper surface, wherein 0.5 ° of < θ≤2 °; Do not need in welding process draw welding plate or go out welding plate, the speed of welding of the first laser beam, friction-stir head, the second laser beam is identical, be 1.5-3m/min, the application point distance friction-stir head application point horizontal range on welded plate surface of described first laser beam on welded plate surface is 3-6cm, the application point distance friction-stir head application point horizontal range on welded plate surface of described second laser beam on welded plate surface is 8-18cm, and wherein said welded plate can be corrosion resistant plate.
By by the back side of the first laser beam arrangement at corrosion resistant plate, can prevent agitating friction soldering tip from hindering injecting of the first laser beam, and the application point distance friction-stir head application point horizontal range on corrosion resistant plate surface of described first laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface can be effectively reduced, can ensure that stainless steel carries out friction stir welding after softening immediately like this, greatly enhance productivity, by regulating the first laser beam foucing relative to the position on corrosion resistant plate surface to be welded, and make large spot be radiated on stainless steel surfaces, corrosion resistant plate can be made like this can be heated evenly in larger area, evenly softening, because the contact area of agitating friction head and corrosion resistant plate is large, corrosion resistant plate is irradiated by large spot, can make in follow-up friction stir welding process, stirring-head contacts with softening uniform corrosion resistant plate, make friction stir welding obviously effect improved, postwelding appearance of weld is more attractive in appearance, the irradiated area of the first laser beam wherein also can be increased to a certain extent by the oblique incidence of the first laser beam, first laser beam and the second laser beam all adopt CO2 laser instrument to produce, and can make full use of CO2 optical maser wavelength with the stainless mechanism of action, make corrosion resistant plate play good bating effect, and greatly cost-saving, in order to increase the speed of welding of friction stir welding further, and make the center line of friction-stir head be that θ is close to 0 with the angle of the vertical direction of corrosion resistant plate upper surface, be specially 0.5 ° of < θ≤2 °, this is the rule that applicant finds on lot of experiments basis, like this while raising speed of welding, welding quality can not be reduced, by being 3-6cm according to the application point distance of application point distance friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface of described first laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface, the application point distance friction-stir head application point on corrosion resistant plate surface of described second laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface arranges the first laser beam apart from the position relationship such for 8-18cm, friction-stir head, second laser beam, take full advantage of laser beam with the synergy between friction welding (FW), thus achieve the effect of 1+1 > 2, significantly improve speed of welding and the welding quality of corrosion resistant plate.
Embodiment one
Corrosion resistant plate 1 thickness to be welded is 20mm, arranges the first laser beam 3, friction-stir head 2, second laser beam 4 successively along welding direction; Described first laser beam 3 derives from CO2 laser instrument, the center line of described first laser beam 3 is α=30 ° with the angle of the vertical direction of corrosion resistant plate upper surface, the laser power of described first laser beam is P1=1400w, adjusting laser beam focus, relative to the position on corrosion resistant plate surface to be welded, makes the diameter dimension of the laser facula of radiation on welded piece at 5mm; Described second laser beam 4 derives from CO2 laser instrument, and the central axis of described second laser beam is in corrosion resistant plate upper surface, and the laser power of described first laser beam is P2=2000w; The center line of described friction-stir head is θ, wherein θ=2 ° with the angle of the vertical direction of corrosion resistant plate upper surface; The application point of described first laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the friction-stir head application point distance on corrosion resistant plate surface be 6cm, and the application point of described second laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are apart from being 8cm; Do not need in welding process draw welding plate or go out welding plate, the speed of welding of the first laser beam, friction-stir head, the second laser beam is identical, is 3m/min.The tensile strength of the corrosion resistant plate weld zone after welding is higher than the tensile strength of corrosion resistant plate mother metal.
Embodiment two
Corrosion resistant plate 1 thickness to be welded is 25mm, arranges the first laser beam 3, friction-stir head 2, second laser beam 4 successively along welding direction; Described first laser beam 3 derives from CO2 laser instrument, the center line of described first laser beam 3 is α=30 ° with the angle of the vertical direction of corrosion resistant plate upper surface, the laser power of described first laser beam is P1=1800w, adjusting laser beam focus, relative to the position on corrosion resistant plate surface to be welded, makes the diameter dimension of the laser facula of radiation on welded piece at 3mm; Described second laser beam 4 derives from CO2 laser instrument, and the central axis of described second laser beam is in corrosion resistant plate upper surface, and the laser power of described first laser beam is P2=4000w; The center line of described friction-stir head is θ, wherein θ=1 ° with the angle of the vertical direction of corrosion resistant plate upper surface; The application point of described first laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the friction-stir head application point distance on corrosion resistant plate surface be 4cm, and the application point of described second laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are apart from being 18cm; Do not need in welding process draw welding plate or go out welding plate, the speed of welding of the first laser beam, friction-stir head, the second laser beam is identical, is 2.5m/min.The tensile strength of the corrosion resistant plate weld zone after welding is higher than the tensile strength of corrosion resistant plate mother metal.
Embodiment three
Corrosion resistant plate 1 thickness to be welded is 35mm, arranges the first laser beam 3, friction-stir head 2, second laser beam 4 successively along welding direction; Described first laser beam 3 derives from CO2 laser instrument, the center line of described first laser beam 3 is α=15 ° with the angle of the vertical direction of corrosion resistant plate upper surface, the laser power of described first laser beam is P1=2000w, adjusting laser beam focus, relative to the position on corrosion resistant plate surface to be welded, makes the diameter dimension of the laser facula of radiation on welded piece at 4mm; Described second laser beam 4 derives from CO2 laser instrument, and the central axis of described second laser beam is in corrosion resistant plate upper surface, and the laser power of described first laser beam is P2=3500w; The center line of described friction-stir head is θ, wherein θ=0.5 ° with the angle of the vertical direction of corrosion resistant plate upper surface; The application point of described first laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the friction-stir head application point distance on corrosion resistant plate surface be 4cm, and the application point of described second laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are apart from being 15cm; Do not need in welding process draw welding plate or go out welding plate, the speed of welding of the first laser beam, friction-stir head, the second laser beam is identical, is 1.9m/min.The tensile strength of the corrosion resistant plate weld zone after welding is higher than the tensile strength of corrosion resistant plate mother metal.
Embodiment four
Corrosion resistant plate 1 thickness to be welded is 50mm, arranges the first laser beam 3, friction-stir head 2, second laser beam 4 successively along welding direction; Described first laser beam 3 derives from CO2 laser instrument, the center line of described first laser beam 3 is α=25 ° with the angle of the vertical direction of corrosion resistant plate upper surface, the laser power of described first laser beam is P1=2500w, adjusting laser beam focus, relative to the position on corrosion resistant plate surface to be welded, makes the diameter dimension of the laser facula of radiation on welded piece at 2mm; Described second laser beam 4 derives from CO2 laser instrument, and the central axis of described second laser beam is in corrosion resistant plate upper surface, and the laser power of described first laser beam is P2=3000w; The center line of described friction-stir head is θ, wherein θ=0.5 ° with the angle of the vertical direction of corrosion resistant plate upper surface; The application point of described first laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the friction-stir head application point distance on corrosion resistant plate surface be 3cm, and the application point of described second laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are apart from being 16cm; Do not need in welding process draw welding plate or go out welding plate, the speed of welding of the first laser beam, friction-stir head, the second laser beam is identical, is 1.5m/min.The tensile strength of the corrosion resistant plate weld zone after welding is higher than the tensile strength of corrosion resistant plate mother metal.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. in conjunction with a complex welding method for laser and friction stir welding, it comprises: on fishplate bar to be welded, arranges the first laser beam at the back side of fishplate bar to be welded, arranges friction-stir head and the second laser beam in the front of fishplate bar to be welded; The first laser beam, friction-stir head, the second laser beam is arranged successively along welding direction; Described first laser beam source is in CO2 laser instrument, the center line of described first laser beam is α with the angle of the vertical direction of fishplate bar upper surface to be welded, wherein 15 °≤α≤30 °, the laser power of described first laser beam is P1, wherein 1400w≤P1≤2500w, adjusting laser beam focus, relative to the position on fishplate bar surface to be welded, makes the diameter dimension of the laser facula be radiated on fishplate bar to be welded at 2-5mm; Described second laser beam source is in CO2 laser instrument, and the central axis of described second laser beam is in fishplate bar upper surface to be welded, and the laser power of described second laser beam is P2, wherein 2000w≤P2≤4000w; The center line of described friction-stir head is θ with the angle of the vertical direction of fishplate bar upper surface to be welded, wherein 0.5 ° of < θ≤2 °; The speed of welding of the first laser beam, friction-stir head, the second laser beam is identical, be 1.5-3m/min, the application point horizontal range friction-stir head application point horizontal range on to be welded fishplate bar surface of described first laser beam on fishplate bar surface to be welded is 3-6cm, the application point horizontal range friction-stir head application point horizontal range on to be welded fishplate bar surface of described second laser beam on fishplate bar surface to be welded is 8-18cm, and wherein said fishplate bar to be welded is the corrosion resistant plate of thickness between 20-50mm;
During welding, first to be softened the position to be welded on fishplate bar to be welded by the first laser beam along welding direction, then carry out agitating friction welding by friction-stir head, be finally stirred by described second laser beam remelting the weld seam that friction welding (FW) welded.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described corrosion resistant plate is 20mm; The center line of described first laser beam is α=30 ° with the angle of the vertical direction on corrosion resistant plate surface, the laser power of described first laser beam is P1=1400w, the diameter dimension of laser beam irradiation laser facula is on stainless steel 5mm, and the laser power of described second laser beam is P2=2000w; The center line of described friction-stir head is with angle theta=2 ° of the vertical direction on corrosion resistant plate surface; The application point of described first laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point horizontal range of the first friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are 6cm; The application point of described second laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point horizontal range of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are 8cm, and the speed of welding of described first laser beam, friction-stir head and the second laser beam is 3m/min.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described corrosion resistant plate is 25mm; The center line of described first laser beam is α=30 ° with the angle of the vertical direction on corrosion resistant plate surface, the laser power of described first laser beam is P1=1800w, the diameter dimension of laser beam irradiation laser facula is on stainless steel 3mm, and the laser power of described second laser beam is P2=4000w; The center line of described friction-stir head is with angle theta=1 ° of the vertical direction on corrosion resistant plate surface; The application point of described first laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point horizontal range of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are 4cm; The application point of described second laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point horizontal range of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are 18cm, and described first laser beam, friction-stir head are identical with the speed of welding of the second laser beam, are 2.5m/min.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described corrosion resistant plate is 35mm; The center line of described first laser beam is α=15 ° with the angle of the vertical direction on corrosion resistant plate surface, the laser power of described first laser beam is P1=2000w, the diameter dimension of laser beam irradiation laser facula is on stainless steel 4mm, and the laser power of described second laser beam is P2=3500w; The center line of described friction-stir head is with angle theta=0.5 ° of the vertical direction on corrosion resistant plate surface; The application point of described first laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point horizontal range of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are 4cm; The application point of described second laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point horizontal range of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are 15cm, and described first laser beam, friction-stir head are identical with the speed of welding of the second laser beam, are 1.9m/min.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described corrosion resistant plate is 50mm; The center line of described first laser beam is α=25 ° with the angle of the vertical direction on corrosion resistant plate surface, the laser power of described first laser beam is P1=2500w, the diameter dimension of laser beam irradiation laser facula is on stainless steel 2mm, and the laser power of described second laser beam is P2=3000w; The center line of described friction-stir head is with angle theta=0.5 ° of the vertical direction on corrosion resistant plate surface; The application point of described first laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point horizontal range of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are 3cm; The application point of described second laser beam on corrosion resistant plate surface and the application point horizontal range of friction-stir head on corrosion resistant plate surface are 16cm, and described first laser beam, friction-stir head are identical with the speed of welding of the second laser beam, are 1.5m/min.
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| JP6265830B2 (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2018-01-24 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | Method for improving corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel welds |
| CN105562932B (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2017-07-28 | 福建工程学院 | A kind of method that agitating friction weldering overlaps laser melting coating composite coating |
| JP6357566B2 (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-07-11 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Method for manufacturing aluminum structural member |
| CN108705199B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏大学 | Composite welding method for NiTi and Ti6Al4V dissimilar metals |
| CN109483071B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2021-01-26 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for laser-friction stir composite welding of large-thickness plate |
| WO2021128216A1 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-07-01 | 赣州德业电子科技有限公司 | Method for machining linear motor reaction plate on basis of friction stir welding |
| CN115122042B (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2023-09-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Preheating device and method for solid-phase additive repair and remanufacturing |
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| DE10036170C1 (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2001-12-06 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Laser-supported friction welding process comprises pressing side surfaces of the workpieces so that they touch the workpiece surface moving away from the welding probe and are spaced in the central region up to the workpiece surface |
| IL142101A0 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-03-10 | Rotem Ind Ltd | Improved process and apparatus for friction stir welding |
| US20070138239A1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. | Method of joining heat-treatable aluminum alloy members by friction stir welding and joined product obtained by the method and used for press forming |
| JP4537132B2 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2010-09-01 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Friction stir welding method for spot welding |
| KR20110076443A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2011-07-06 | 주식회사 성우하이텍 | A hybrid welding system and method thereof |
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