KR20110076443A - A hybrid welding system and method thereof - Google Patents

A hybrid welding system and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20110076443A
KR20110076443A KR1020090133148A KR20090133148A KR20110076443A KR 20110076443 A KR20110076443 A KR 20110076443A KR 1020090133148 A KR1020090133148 A KR 1020090133148A KR 20090133148 A KR20090133148 A KR 20090133148A KR 20110076443 A KR20110076443 A KR 20110076443A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
welding
laser beam
laser
metal sheets
dissimilar metal
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Application number
KR1020090133148A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
이문용
정윤성
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주식회사 성우하이텍
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Priority to KR1020090133148A priority Critical patent/KR20110076443A/en
Publication of KR20110076443A publication Critical patent/KR20110076443A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2275—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer the other layer being aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B23K26/323—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving parts made of dissimilar metallic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
    • B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/20—Ferrous alloys and aluminium or alloys thereof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

In the present invention, when the butt welding of dissimilar metal sheets having different plastic fluidity is performed, the mutual butt weld lines of the dissimilar metal sheets are thermally softened by irradiating a laser beam between conduction welding zones around the welds of the dissimilar metal sheets. Accordingly, the present invention provides a hybrid welding apparatus and a welding method thereof, by which frictional heat generated by rotation of a rotor having a rotating pin is used to form a joint by mutual stirring.

Laser Beam, Friction Stirring, Dissimilar Sheet, Hybrid Welding

Description

Hybrid welding apparatus and its welding method {A HYBRID WELDING SYSTEM AND METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a hybrid welding apparatus and a welding method thereof, and more particularly, in the butt welding of a dissimilar metal sheet having different plastic fluidity, the laser beam of the conduction welding zone is irradiated in advance around the welded portion of the metal sheet having low plastic fluidity. The present invention relates to a hybrid welding device and a welding method for forming a joint by mutual agitation by using frictional heat generated by rotation of a friction stir welding rotary pin along a butt weld line of dissimilar metal sheets in a thermally softened state.

Recently, in the industrial field, cutting, welding, and heat treatment of metal materials have been applied to laser beams having excellent effects in terms of cost reduction, factory automation, and quality improvement.

1 is a laser welding process diagram by a general laser welding system. The laser welding system for laser welding a material such as a metal sheet such as steel or aluminum alloy using the laser beam LB is an arm of the robot 1. (3) The laser head 5 is installed at the tip, and the laser head 5 has a laser welding system connected to the laser oscillator 7, and is connected to the robot 1 which is behaving through the robot controller RC. As a result, the laser head 5 moves along the butt weld line of each metal material 9 to irradiate the laser beam LB to perform the welding operation.

However, laser welding as described above has difficulty in joining dissimilar metal sheets having different physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, such as steel and aluminum alloy, to each other, and even when welded, the welding strength of the weld portion is significantly reduced.

On the other hand, in the case of the aluminum or aluminum alloy plate, the yield stress is low, the plastic fluidity has a smooth characteristic, unlike the general steel plate, because of the difference in thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity to be welded at a fast time using a high current The application of spot welding technology is also not easy.

Accordingly, in the case of the aluminum sheet, a friction stir welding technique, which has been spotlighted as a joining technique for lightweight materials, is being used.

In other words, the friction stir welding technique is a technique in which a rotating pin is pressed onto a metal sheet to induce plastic flow due to frictional heat and mechanical force of the metal sheet and the rotating pin to join at a temperature below the melting point. In more detail, as shown in FIG. 2, while the rotor 25 is rotated together with the rotation pin 23 by the driving of the stirring motor (not shown) (S10), the junction of the metal plate 10 is provided. In response to (P), the rotary pin 23 is pressed by contact. (S20)

Then, the welding plate (W) is formed on the metal plate (10) by frictional heat of the rotary pin (23) by the rotation and contact pressure operation of the rotary pin (23), and is joined by softening and stirring. After the motor for stirring is stopped, the rotary pin 23 is restored to the initial position together with the rotor 25. (S40)

However, the friction stir welding technique as described above also has a problem that it is difficult to apply to the butt joint between the steel plate and the aluminum alloy plate due to differences in yield stress and plastic fluidity.

Therefore, the present invention was invented to solve the technical problem of butt welding by various welding techniques of dissimilar metal sheets as described above, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is when butt welding of dissimilar metal sheets having different plastic fluidity. Heat-softened by irradiating the laser beam of the conduction welding zone around the welded part of the metal plate material with low plastic fluidity by using the frictional heat caused by the rotation of the rotor having the rotating pins along the butt weld lines of the dissimilar metal plate material. It is to provide a hybrid welding device and a welding method for forming a joint by mutual stirring.

Hybrid welding apparatus of the present invention for realizing the technical problem as described above for the butt welding of dissimilar metal sheet material,

A laser optic head mounted on a tip of a robot arm and connected to a laser oscillator and an optical fiber to irradiate a laser beam around the welded portion with respect to one of the different metal sheets, the laser optic head; Mounted to the tip of the robot arm corresponding to the rear of the laser optical head in the welding direction, and while rotating and pressing a rotor having a rotating pin along the butt weld line of the dissimilar metal plate, the agitator performs mutual stir welding using the frictional heat. And a friction stir unit.

The laser beam is characterized in that the laser beam between the conduction welding section that can be welded by heat conduction to the material in the non-focus section.

One metal plate member to which the laser beam is irradiated is characterized by being a metal plate member having a relatively low plastic flowability among different metal plate members.

The friction stir unit is a stirring motor which rotates in accordance with a control signal of a controller while being mounted on the front end of the robot arm through a bracket; It is mounted to the front end of the rotating shaft of the stirring motor, characterized in that consisting of a rotor for integrally forming the rotary pin at the center of rotation of the front end.

The hybrid welding method of the present invention for realizing the technical problem as described above is a laser beam of the conduction welding zone around the welded portion of one of the different metal sheet material, the low plastic fluidity of the different metal plate material for butt welding of the different metal plate material It is characterized in that the bonding by mutual stirring using the heat of friction by the rotation of the rotor having a rotary pin along the mutual butt weld line of the dissimilar metal sheet in a thermally softened state.

According to the hybrid welding apparatus and the welding method according to the present invention as described above, when the butt welding of the steel sheet material and the aluminum alloy sheet having different plastic fluidity, the laser beam of the conductive welding zone around the weld portion of the steel plate material having low plastic fluidity Weld welding of dissimilar metal sheets by mutually agitating by using frictional heat by rotation of a rotor having a rotating pin of a friction stir unit along a mutual butt weld line of two metal sheets in a thermally softened state by irradiation in advance. This is possible, there is an effect that can maintain the joint strength.

Hereinafter, the preferred configuration and operation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a joining process diagram of a heterogeneous material to which a hybrid welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 4 is a process conceptual diagram according to a hybrid welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

However, in describing the configuration of the present invention, the same components as those in the prior art will be described with the same reference numerals.

The hybrid welding apparatus according to the present embodiment is for joining through butt welding using a steel plate and an aluminum alloy plate as an example of different metal sheets having different physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, in particular, yield stress and plastic fluidity. As shown in FIG. 3, the laser optical head 5 is mounted at the tip of the arm 3 of the robot 1.

The layer optical head 5 is connected to the laser oscillator 7 and the optical fiber, so that the laser beam LB oscillated by the laser oscillator 7 is shown in FIG. Is irradiated before the laser beam LB around the weld.

That is, the steel sheet P1 has a lower plastic fluidity and a higher yield stress than the aluminum alloy sheet P2, and by irradiating a laser beam LB to the steel sheet P1, Thermal softening of the weld portion facilitates plastic fluidity.

In addition, the friction stir unit 9 is mounted at the tip of the arm 3 of the robot 1 corresponding to the rear of the laser optical head 5 in the welding direction. The rotor 13 having the rotary pin 11 along the mutual butt weld line L of the plate material P2 is rotated and pressed while being moved, and is configured to mutually stir weld using the frictional heat.

That is, the friction stir unit 9 is mounted on the front end of the arm 3 of the robot 1 via a bracket B, and the stirring motor M is mounted on the controller C. It is configured to rotate in accordance with the control signal of.

In addition, a rotor 13 is formed at the front end of the rotation shaft S of the stirring motor M, and the rotation pin 11 is integrally formed at the front end rotation center of the rotor 13.

Therefore, the hybrid welding method for the butt welding of the steel sheet material P1 and the aluminum alloy plate material P2, which is the dissimilar metal sheet material by the hybrid welding device having the above configuration, as shown in FIG. Among the plate materials, the laser beam LB of the conduction welding section T2 is irradiated around the welded portion of the steel sheet P1 having low plastic fluidity to thermally soften the welded portion of the steel sheet P1.

Here, the laser beam LB of the conductive welding section T2 irradiated to the steel plate P1 is a laser beam of a non-focused section in which welding can be performed by heat conduction with respect to the material, and the laser beam of the conductive welding section T2 is used. Prior to describing the beam LB, the focal section of the laser beam will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the laser beam is integrated by a lens, so that energy multi-reflection and multi-absorption of the material occur within about 2 mm. The focal section is referred to as the keyhole contact section (T1), and a certain section in which the laser beam is welded by heat conduction to the material in a non-focus section out of the keyhole welding section (T1) is called the conduction welding section (T2). do.

The laser beam of the conduction welding section T2 occupies several times the laser beam area than the focal size of the keyhole welding section T1, and the density is much lower than the focusing position, but the laser beam LB is made of steel plate ( At the moment of impinging on the surface of P1), the yield stress is lowered to the inside of the metal to supply sufficient heat of conduction to thermally soften to facilitate plastic fluidity.

Subsequently, the rotor 13 of the friction stir unit 9 is joined together with the rotary pin 11 along the butt weld line L of the steel sheet P1 and the aluminum alloy sheet P2 to which the thermal softening is performed. It proceeds while rotating and pressurizing, and mutually stirring welding of the steel plate material P1 and the aluminum alloy plate material P2 is performed using the frictional heat, and the butt joint of the dissimilar metal plate material is achieved.

1 is a process diagram of a general laser welding system.

2 is a step-by-step bonding state diagram of a typical friction stir welding.

Figure 3 is a joining process of the heterogeneous material to which the hybrid welding device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

4 is a process conceptual diagram according to the hybrid welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a conceptual diagram of a focus section of a general laser beam.

Claims (5)

For butt welding of dissimilar metal sheets, A laser optic head mounted on a tip of a robot arm and connected to a laser oscillator and an optical fiber to irradiate a laser beam around the welded portion with respect to one of the different metal sheets, the laser optic head; Mounted to the tip of the robot arm corresponding to the rear of the laser optical head in the welding direction, and while rotating and pressing a rotor having a rotating pin along the butt weld line of the dissimilar metal plate, the agitator performs mutual stir welding using the frictional heat. Hybrid welding device comprising a friction stir unit. In claim 1, The laser beam A hybrid welding device, characterized in that the laser beam between the conduction welding section that can be welded by heat conduction to the material in the non-focus section. In claim 1, One metal plate to which the laser beam is irradiated A hybrid welding device, characterized in that the metal sheet material having a relatively low plastic fluidity among the different metal plate materials. In claim 1, The friction stir unit A stirring motor which is rotatably driven in accordance with a control signal of a controller while being mounted to the front end of the robot arm via a bracket; The hybrid welding device, characterized in that the rotor is mounted to the front end of the rotating shaft of the stirring motor, the rotor is formed integrally with the center of rotation of the front end. For butt welding of dissimilar metal sheets, Among the dissimilar metal sheets, a rotor having rotation pins along the butt weld lines of the dissimilar metal sheets in a state of being softened by a laser beam of the conduction welding zone preceding the welding portion of the one sheet having a low plastic fluidity. Hybrid welding method, characterized in that the bonding by mutual stirring using the heat of friction by the rotation of the.
KR1020090133148A 2009-12-29 2009-12-29 A hybrid welding system and method thereof KR20110076443A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103008897A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 中国科学院半导体研究所 Composite welding method combining laser with friction stir welding
KR101286681B1 (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-07-16 주식회사 성우하이텍 Method of friction spot joining
KR20150072548A (en) 2013-12-20 2015-06-30 서울대학교산학협력단 Screening methods for preventing or treating circadian rhythm sleep disorders and time difference maladjustment
CN105562954A (en) * 2016-03-06 2016-05-11 南京理工大学 Compound robot heat source welding system by double methods of friction stud and friction stir
CN110023024A (en) * 2016-11-22 2019-07-16 株式会社神户制钢所 The manufacturing method of constructed of aluminium component
CN111590224A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-28 广东工业大学 System and method for preparing bulk amorphous alloy with assistance of laser
CN112045309A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-08 福建阿石创新材料股份有限公司 Preparation method of water path back plate for target
KR20210079927A (en) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-30 주식회사 성우하이텍 Hybrid friction stir welding device

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101286681B1 (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-07-16 주식회사 성우하이텍 Method of friction spot joining
CN103008897A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 中国科学院半导体研究所 Composite welding method combining laser with friction stir welding
KR20150072548A (en) 2013-12-20 2015-06-30 서울대학교산학협력단 Screening methods for preventing or treating circadian rhythm sleep disorders and time difference maladjustment
CN105562954A (en) * 2016-03-06 2016-05-11 南京理工大学 Compound robot heat source welding system by double methods of friction stud and friction stir
CN105562954B (en) * 2016-03-06 2018-11-13 南京理工大学 Friction stub and friction-stir both sides' method robot hybrid laser-arc welding system
CN110023024A (en) * 2016-11-22 2019-07-16 株式会社神户制钢所 The manufacturing method of constructed of aluminium component
CN110023024B (en) * 2016-11-22 2021-12-28 株式会社神户制钢所 Method for manufacturing aluminum structural member
KR20210079927A (en) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-30 주식회사 성우하이텍 Hybrid friction stir welding device
CN111590224A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-28 广东工业大学 System and method for preparing bulk amorphous alloy with assistance of laser
CN112045309A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-08 福建阿石创新材料股份有限公司 Preparation method of water path back plate for target

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