CN103004977A - Reversible ventilating box type drying machine and method for drying grain and oil crops - Google Patents
Reversible ventilating box type drying machine and method for drying grain and oil crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN103004977A CN103004977A CN2012105321118A CN201210532111A CN103004977A CN 103004977 A CN103004977 A CN 103004977A CN 2012105321118 A CN2012105321118 A CN 2012105321118A CN 201210532111 A CN201210532111 A CN 201210532111A CN 103004977 A CN103004977 A CN 103004977A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a box type drying machine, and belongs to the field of crop drying. A reversible ventilating box type drying machine comprises a closed drying box body, wherein ventilating openings are formed in one side of the drying box body and are connected with a fan through air inlet pipes; a temperature measurement sensor is arranged in the drying box body and is electrically connected with a controller; and the controller is electrically connected with heating equipment and the fan. The reversible ventilating box type drying machine is characterized in that two air inlet pipes and two ventilating openings are provided; the ventilating openings are formed in the lower part of the drying box body; a baffle is vertically arranged in the drying box body, so that the inner part of the drying box body is divided into two half box chambers of which the tops are communicated; the baffle is vertically fixed at the bottom surface of the drying box body; meshed plates for placing materials to be dried are horizontally arranged in the two half box chambers; a left air chamber and a right air chamber are arranged below the meshed plates in the two half box chambers; and each air pipe and each ventilating opening are respectively connected with each air chamber. According to the eversible ventilating box type drying machine, the high-water-content grain and oil crops can be dried by using a method for alternately ventilating or simultaneously ventilating by the left air chamber and the right air chamber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of box drier and drying means, relate in particular to the box drier of ventilation capable of reversing and to the method for grain and oil crop drying.
Background technology
Along with China's rural area grain and oil crop mechanization concentrates results fast-developing, because airing facility in the place of production is not enough and the rainy weather restriction, high-moisture grain and oil material is drying and cause the problem such as the loss of going mouldy very outstanding in time.Box throughcirculation dryer is a kind of economical and practical grain drier, device structure is simple, easy to operate, flexible configuration, cheap, and can be adapted to the drying of different agricultural product materials, equipment interoperability is good, utilization rate is high, the investment payback time is short, is adapted to production reality and the economic condition of China rural area peasant household.Concrete structure is seen shown in the accompanying drawing 1, the drying box 1 that comprises sealing, be provided with ventilating opening 8 on one side of drying box 1, link to each other with blower fan 5 by Gas inlet tube 7, temperature transducer 3 is installed in drying box 1, and described temperature transducer 3 is electrically connected controller 6, and described controller 6 is electrically connected firing equipment and blower fan 5, described firing equipment is arranged on by the blower fan blast orifice, and firing equipment adopts is combustor 4 with fuel tank 2.
There are the following problems but the type drying equipment is in the actual drying process:
1. on the web plate plane, wind field distributes and has obvious inhomogeneities, unloaded wind field test as shown in Figure 2, transverse test district 3 is the air intake vent position, compare with the test section, both sides, wind speed is relatively high, with air intake vent over against, near the regional wind speed in D, E district apparently higher than periphery, can bring the rate of drying difference of dry bed zones of different.Large for voidage, the windrow bed is high, the peanut pod of high moisture content, when corncob is dry, this rate of drying difference is very obvious, the top layer material water ratio differs and surpasses 10%.
2. because from bottom to up unidirectional aeration-drying; material bedly present obvious temperature and humidity gradient at thickness direction; large for voidage, the windrow bed is high, the peanut pod of high moisture content, when corncob is dry; the bottom material often can occur and overdrying occur, and the top layer material also reaches far away the phenomenon of dry terminal point.
3. be subjected to the impact of the even property of above-mentioned uneven drying, the drying bed layer thickness can not be excessive, the dry treating capacity of the equipment that affects and drying efficiency, and the dry materials asynchrony phenomenon is serious by the gross, and volume drying efficient is low, energy consumption is large.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of box drier of ventilation capable of reversing and to the method for grain and oil crop drying, solves present box drier because uneven drying is even and causes the defective that volume drying efficient is low, energy consumption is large.
Technical scheme
A kind of box drier of ventilation capable of reversing, the drying box that comprises sealing, one side at drying box is provided with ventilating opening, link to each other with blower fan by Gas inlet tube, temperature transducer is installed in drying box, described temperature transducer is electrically connected controller, described controller is electrically connected firing equipment and blower fan, described firing equipment is arranged on by the blower fan blast orifice, it is characterized in that: described Gas inlet tube and ventilating opening are provided with two covers, all link to each other with a Fans or be connected respectively separately a Fans, described ventilating opening is arranged on the bottom of drying box, drying box inside vertically arranges dividing plate and is divided into half case chamber that two tops are communicated with, and described dividing plate vertically is fixed on the drying box bottom surface, and the dividing plate height is lower than the height of drying box inside, described two and half case indoor horizontals are provided with the web plate that places material to be dried, two air compartments about under the web plate of two and half case chambers being, every cover Gas inlet tube and ventilating opening are communicated with respectively one of them air compartment, are provided with vent window on each air compartment sidewall.
The air compartment bottom level is provided with the notch cuttype baffle plate in the described left and right sides, and described notch cuttype baffle plate raises along air channel inlet air direction ladder.
The air compartment bottom level is provided with the circular arc type baffle plate in the described left and right sides, and described circular arc type baffle plate raises along air channel inlet air direction ladder.
Described left and right sides air compartment adopts the full duration air inlet.
Be provided with air door on the case lid of described drying box.
Described Gas inlet tube partly is stringing.
Described Gas inlet tube is provided with switch.
Described blower fan adopts one, connects simultaneously two cover Gas inlet tube and ventilating openings, in the junction of blower fan and two Gas inlet tubes three-way diverter valve is installed.
Further, a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned box drier high-moisture grain and oil crop to be carried out drying, it is characterized in that: the vent window of opening one of them air compartment, make the hot blast that is provided by firing equipment and blower fan pass the material bed rear after carrying out the further mixing of air-flow above two and half case chambers of another air compartment, turn to again and pass the material bed of a described air compartment.
Further, a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned box drier the grain and oil crop with tempering technological requirement to be carried out drying, it is characterized in that: be used alternatingly two ventilating openings by the switch Gas inlet tube and select left and right sides air compartment to ventilate, and the air door on the case lid of unlatching drying box, realize that left and right sides bed material replaces drying and tempering.
Further, a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned box drier high-moisture corn fringe, peanut pod to be carried out drying, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps: (1) left and right sides air compartment simultaneously inlet air is dry: namely hot blast enters simultaneously from two ventilating openings, air door on the case lid of unlatching drying box, left and right sides bed material is dry simultaneously, to reaching certain moisture; (2) left and right sides air compartment aeration-drying that alternately commutates: after left and right sides bed forms up and down the gradation of moisture, left and right sides air compartment adopts the single-pass air port alternately to ventilate, and after air-flow is mixed above passing behind the side bed of material in drying box, pass into the opposite side bed of material again and discharge, whole bed is realized commutation aeration-drying.
The condition of while drying can adopt 50-60 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome, dry 4-6 hour in the described step 1.
Beneficial effect
Box drier of the present invention can realize as required that the commutation of bed material is dry, improves the uniform drying in the drying bed plane, improves capacity usage ratio, effectively dry insufficient the and over-drying phenomenon of prevention and control; Utilizing box drier of the present invention to carry out dry method can not only uniform drying, also can reduce the gradation of moisture, shortens drying time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing drying machine schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the web plate drying bed wind field schematic diagram of existing drying machine.
Fig. 3 is box drier of the present invention left and right sides air compartment one of the draught principle schematic diagram that alternately commutates, and air-flow passes into from left air compartment, passes the air-flow mixing chamber that is communicated with about the drying box internal upper part again, passes from right air compartment, carries out aeration-drying.
Fig. 4 is box drier of the present invention left and right sides air compartment two of the draught principle schematic diagram that alternately commutates, and air-flow passes into from right air compartment, passes the air-flow mixing chamber again, passes from left air compartment, carries out aeration-drying.
Fig. 5 is one of box drier of the present invention left and right sides air compartment commutation draught principle schematic diagram when carrying out tempering technique, the door opening on the case lid, and left air compartment ventilates, right air compartment tempering.
Fig. 6 is two of the left and right sides air compartment commutation draught principle schematic diagram of box drier of the present invention when carrying out tempering technique, the door opening on the case lid, and right air compartment ventilates, left air compartment tempering.
Fig. 7 is the left and right sides air compartment while draught principle schematic diagram of box drier of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of box drier of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is that the master of the drying box of box drier of the present invention looks cross-sectional schematic.
Figure 10 is the side-looking cross-sectional schematic of the drying box of box drier of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-drying box, 2-fuel tank, 3-temperature transducer, 4-combustor, 5-blower fan, 6-controller, the 7-Gas inlet tube, 8-ventilating opening, 9-web plate, 10-dividing plate, 11-vent window, 12-case lid, 13-notch cuttype baffle plate, 14-three-way diverter valve, the left air compartment of 15-, the right air compartment of 16-, 17-air-flow mixing chamber.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, further set forth the present invention.
Be present box drier as shown in Figure 1, this type box drier also has very large space at aspects such as improving uniform drying, raising drying efficiency, reduction energy consumption.For these problems, a kind of box drier of ventilation capable of reversing has been proposed, as shown in Figure 6, the drying box 1 that comprises sealing, be provided with ventilating opening 8 on one side of drying box 1, link to each other with blower fan 5 by Gas inlet tube 7, temperature transducer 3 is installed in drying box 1, described temperature transducer 3 is electrically connected controller 6, described controller 6 is electrically connected firing equipment and blower fan 5, described firing equipment is arranged on by the blower fan blast orifice, described Gas inlet tube 7 and ventilating opening 8 are provided with two covers, all link to each other with a Fans 5 or be connected respectively separately a Fans 5, described ventilating opening 8 is arranged on the bottom of drying box 1, drying box 1 inside vertically arranges dividing plate 10 and is divided into half case chamber that two tops are communicated with, described dividing plate 10 vertically is fixed on drying box 1 bottom surface, dividing plate 10 highly is lower than the height of drying box 1 inside, described two and half case indoor horizontals are provided with the web plate 9 that places material to be dried, the web plate of two and half case chambers be for 9 times about two air compartments, every cover Gas inlet tube 7 and ventilating opening 8 are communicated with respectively one of them air compartment, are provided with vent window 11 on each air compartment sidewall.Be provided with air door on the case lid 12 of described drying box 1.Described Gas inlet tube 7 parts are stringing, thereby Gas inlet tube 7 can be provided with switch and select left air compartment or right air compartment are ventilated, also can adopt a Fans 5 to connect simultaneously two cover Gas inlet tube 7 and ventilating openings 8, three-way diverter valve 14 is installed in the junction of blower fan 5 and two Gas inlet tubes 7 select the Gas inlet tube 7 that ventilates.
The design's hot blast can realize as required that by the feed-in of bilateral air port, the left and right sides air compartment ventilating mechanisms that alternately commutates the commutation of bed material is dry, reduces drying time, improves capacity usage ratio, effectively dry insufficient the and over-drying phenomenon of prevention and control.The benefit that can realize comprises:
(1) for single air channel of original structure, adopts the feed-in of drying medium twoport, left and right sides air compartment relative narrower, dry bed bottom wind field uniformity and plane inner drying uniformity about being conducive to improve;
(2) hot blast passes behind the left half of bed in up the air-flow mixing chamber further immixture, turns to and passes right half of bed, is conducive to improve the uniform drying of right side bed, and commutation also has same effect after ventilating.As shown in Figure 3.
(3) by after the commutation aeration-drying, can reduce the moist gradient of left and right sides material bed on thickness direction, the corresponding increase of stone height, shorten drying time, improve device processes amount and capacity usage ratio, also avoid the excessively wet phenomenon of bottom material overdrying and top layer material.
(4) can also be applicable to have the paddy rice oven dry operation of tempering technological requirement.
Usually need to adopt tempering technique in the paddy rice dry run, dark bed is dry when carrying out tempering, greatly reduces the equipment drying efficiency.The dark bed dryer type of this version can better be adapted to have the grain and oil crop drying of tempering technological requirement.
In air compartment, ventilating opening 8, can also design corresponding wind field governor motion, to improve air compartment wind field uniformity, reduce the rate of drying difference in the same bed of material plane.At the left and right sides air compartment notch cuttype baffle plate 13 is set, raise along air channel inlet air direction ladder, the incident dry gas stream is shunted step by step, avoid near the incident port that dry bed air quantity is little, near the large wind field inhomogeneities of the dry bed air quantity offside of entrance port, improve the uniform drying in the drying bed plane.
Utilize above-mentioned box drier to carry out drying to high-moisture grain and oil crop, the method that needs in the dry run to adopt is to open the vent window 11 of one of them air compartment, make the hot blast that is provided by firing equipment and blower fan 5 pass the material bed rear after carrying out the further mixing of air-flow above two and half case chambers of another air compartment, turn to again and pass the material bed of a described air compartment.As shown in Figure 3.
Utilize above-mentioned box drier to carry out drying to the grain and oil crop with tempering technological requirement, especially the paddy rice with tempering technological requirement is carried out drying, the method that needs to adopt selects left and right sides air compartment to ventilate for be used alternatingly two ventilating openings 8 by the switch Gas inlet tube, and the air door on the case lid 12 of unlatching drying box, realize that left and right sides bed material replaces drying and tempering.As shown in Figure 4.
And carry out dry words for high-moisture corn fringe, peanut pod, the method of utilizing above-mentioned box drier to adopt, mainly may further comprise the steps: (1) left and right sides air compartment simultaneously inlet air is dry: namely hot blast enters simultaneously from two ventilating openings 8, air door on the case lid 12 of unlatching drying box, left and right sides bed material simultaneously dry (such as 50-60 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome, dry 4-6h) is to reaching certain moisture; (2) left and right sides air compartment aeration-drying that alternately commutates: after left and right sides bed forms up and down the gradation of moisture, left and right sides air compartment adopts single-pass air port 8 alternately to ventilate, and after air-flow being passed behind the side bed of material above drying box 1 is interior, mix, pass into the opposite side bed of material again and discharge, whole bed is realized commutation aeration-drying.As shown in Figure 5.
This method can reduce the gradation of moisture, shortens drying time.
Claims (12)
1. the box drier of a ventilation capable of reversing, the drying box that comprises sealing, one side at drying box is provided with ventilating opening, link to each other with blower fan by Gas inlet tube, temperature transducer is installed in drying box, described temperature transducer is electrically connected controller, described controller is electrically connected firing equipment and blower fan, described firing equipment is arranged on by the blower fan blast orifice, it is characterized in that: described Gas inlet tube and ventilating opening are provided with two covers, all link to each other with a Fans or be connected respectively separately a Fans, described ventilating opening is arranged on the bottom of drying box, drying box inside vertically arranges dividing plate and is divided into half case chamber that two tops are communicated with, and described dividing plate vertically is fixed on the drying box bottom surface, and the dividing plate height is lower than the height of drying box inside, described two and half case indoor horizontals are provided with the web plate that places material to be dried, two air compartments about under the web plate of two and half case chambers being, every cover Gas inlet tube and ventilating opening are communicated with respectively one of them air compartment, are provided with vent window on each air compartment sidewall.
2. the box drier of ventilation capable of reversing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the air compartment bottom level is provided with the notch cuttype baffle plate in the described left and right sides, and described notch cuttype baffle plate raises along air channel inlet air direction ladder.
3. the box drier of ventilation capable of reversing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the air compartment bottom level is provided with the circular arc type baffle plate in the described left and right sides, and described circular arc type baffle plate raises along air channel inlet air direction ladder.
4. the box drier of ventilation capable of reversing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described left and right sides air compartment employing full duration air inlet.
5. such as the box drier of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described ventilations capable of reversing, it is characterized in that: be provided with air door on the case lid of described drying box.
6. such as the box drier of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described ventilations capable of reversing, it is characterized in that: described Gas inlet tube partly is stringing.
7. such as the box drier of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described ventilations capable of reversing, it is characterized in that: described Gas inlet tube is provided with switch.
8. such as the box drier of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described ventilations capable of reversing, it is characterized in that: described blower fan adopts one, connects simultaneously two cover Gas inlet tube and ventilating openings, in the junction of blower fan and two Gas inlet tubes three-way diverter valve is installed.
9. one kind is utilized box drier as claimed in claim 1 that high-moisture grain and oil crop is carried out dry method, it is characterized in that: the vent window of opening one of them air compartment, make the hot blast that is provided by firing equipment and blower fan pass the material bed rear after carrying out the further mixing of air-flow above two and half case chambers of another air compartment, turn to again and pass the material bed of a described air compartment.
10. one kind is utilized box drier as claimed in claim 1 that grain and oil crop with tempering technological requirement is carried out dry method, it is characterized in that: be used alternatingly two ventilating openings by the switch Gas inlet tube and select left and right sides air compartment to ventilate, and the air door on the case lid of unlatching drying box, realize that left and right sides bed material replaces drying and tempering.
11. one kind is utilized box drier as claimed in claim 1 that high-moisture corn fringe, peanut pod are carried out dry method, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps: (1) left and right sides air compartment simultaneously inlet air is dry: namely hot blast enters simultaneously from two ventilating openings, air door on the case lid of unlatching drying box, left and right sides bed material is dry simultaneously, to reaching certain moisture; (2) left and right sides air compartment aeration-drying that alternately commutates: after left and right sides bed forms up and down the gradation of moisture, left and right sides air compartment adopts the single-pass air port alternately to ventilate, and after air-flow is mixed above passing behind the side bed of material in drying box, pass into the opposite side bed of material again and discharge, whole bed is realized commutation aeration-drying.
12. box drier as claimed in claim 11 carries out dry method to high-moisture corn fringe, peanut pod, it is characterized in that: the condition of while drying can adopt 50-60 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome in the described step 1, dry 4～6 hours.
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| CN201210532111.8A CN103004977B (en) | 2012-12-11 | 2012-12-11 | Reversible ventilating box type drying machine and method for drying grain and oil crops |
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| CN201210532111.8A CN103004977B (en) | 2012-12-11 | 2012-12-11 | Reversible ventilating box type drying machine and method for drying grain and oil crops |
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| CN103004977B CN103004977B (en) | 2014-09-24 |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103363784A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-10-23 | 郑州万谷机械有限公司 | Storehouse type cassava dryer |
| CN103954101A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-07-30 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Ventilating dryer capable of recovering waste heat and control method thereof |
| CN104101200A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-15 | 北京科技大学 | Deep-bed grain drying system and method employing coupling of variable-temperature alternating airflow and vibration |
| CN104430969A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 湖南沩山湘茗茶业股份有限公司 | Tealeaf drying equipment |
| CN104807314A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-29 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Afterheat recovering device and method for box type reversing ventilating drying machine |
| CN105011647A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-04 | 宁波宣腾草业工贸有限公司 | Recovery method of forage tops and tails used for weaving |
| CN105032888A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 宁波宣腾草业工贸有限公司 | Top and tail material recycling system for weaving straw |
| CN105660848A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Cereal spreading and airing device of drying yard |
| CN106679393A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-17 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Grain drying system |
| CN108007122A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-08 | 新疆农业大学 | One kind circulation flow-through type drying baker |
| CN108518954A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-09-11 | 漯河市农业科学院 | The dual temperature air-supply arrangement of peanut breeding full automatic drying machine |
| CN111684894A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-22 | 株式会社佐竹 | Pre-drying device of warm water disinfection equipment for disinfecting seeds with warm water |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103363784A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-10-23 | 郑州万谷机械有限公司 | Storehouse type cassava dryer |
| CN103954101A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-07-30 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Ventilating dryer capable of recovering waste heat and control method thereof |
| CN103954101B (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2016-09-28 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | The throughcirculation dryer of a kind of recyclable waste heat and control method thereof |
| CN104101200B (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-01-20 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of thick-layer grain drying system of be coupled alternating temperature alternation air-flow and vibration and method |
| CN104101200A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-15 | 北京科技大学 | Deep-bed grain drying system and method employing coupling of variable-temperature alternating airflow and vibration |
| CN104430969A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 湖南沩山湘茗茶业股份有限公司 | Tealeaf drying equipment |
| CN104807314B (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2017-08-25 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | The waste-heat recovery device and method of a kind of box air direction reversals drying machine |
| CN104807314A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-29 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Afterheat recovering device and method for box type reversing ventilating drying machine |
| CN105032888A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 宁波宣腾草业工贸有限公司 | Top and tail material recycling system for weaving straw |
| CN105011647B (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2016-08-24 | 宁波宣腾草业工贸有限公司 | The material recovery method end to end of braiding forage |
| CN105011647A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-04 | 宁波宣腾草业工贸有限公司 | Recovery method of forage tops and tails used for weaving |
| CN105660848A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Cereal spreading and airing device of drying yard |
| CN106679393A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-17 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Grain drying system |
| CN108007122A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-08 | 新疆农业大学 | One kind circulation flow-through type drying baker |
| CN108518954A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-09-11 | 漯河市农业科学院 | The dual temperature air-supply arrangement of peanut breeding full automatic drying machine |
| CN111684894A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-22 | 株式会社佐竹 | Pre-drying device of warm water disinfection equipment for disinfecting seeds with warm water |
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