CN102989354A - Device for dispersing nano material in scale via liquid state turbulent flow instant high-pressure cutting method - Google Patents
Device for dispersing nano material in scale via liquid state turbulent flow instant high-pressure cutting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102989354A CN102989354A CN2012104909847A CN201210490984A CN102989354A CN 102989354 A CN102989354 A CN 102989354A CN 2012104909847 A CN2012104909847 A CN 2012104909847A CN 201210490984 A CN201210490984 A CN 201210490984A CN 102989354 A CN102989354 A CN 102989354A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for dispersing nano material in scale via a liquid state turbulent flow instant high-pressure cutting method. The device comprises a feeding opening, a turbulent flow generating chamber, a high-pressure turbulent flow flowing tank and a discharging opening; flow with processed material enters the front end of the feeding opening, and the rear end of the feeding opening is connected to one side of the turbulent flow generating chamber; and the front end of the high-pressure turbulent flow flowing tank is connected to the other side of the turbulent flow generating chamber, and the rear end of the high-pressure turbulent flow flowing tank is connected to the discharging opening. The invention is practical and effective; the device is stable and reliable; and the nanostructure unit suspension of a plurality of materials prepared by the invention is expected to be applied to a plurality of fields such as industry, agriculture and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nano material processing unit (plant) field, be specially a kind of liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus.
Background technology
Nano material has more excellent performance because the special nano effect that wherein nano structured unit (comprising some spool, band) has is compared with common material, more gets more and more people's extensive concerning and uses.Yet in actual applications, the reunion of nano structured unit has had a strong impact on the performance of nano effect, makes the excellent properties of nano material be difficult to keep in application.Thereby, develop effective nano material dispersion technology and be one of key technology that nano material needs solution in actual applications badly.That existing nano material dispersion technology mainly contains is ultrasonic, ball milling and high speed shear etc.Wherein, ultrasonic and ball milling has been brought into play certain effect aspect laboratory research; yet; in the nano material of scale disperses to use; ultrasonic technique exists the output energy less; output energy distributions is uneven, and also there are the shortcomings such as energy consumption is higher in ball grinding technique, is difficult to further be used and promote.Although the high speed shear dispersion technology can form certain scale, however when eliminating the hard aggregation (bond energy is greater than 100 kJ/mol) of nano structured unit poor effect, energy consumption is also very large simultaneously.In addition, three kinds of dispersion technologies can't solve the problem of nano structured unit secondary agglomeration more than.Therefore, probe into a kind of practicality, reliable, economic, effective technology and design concrete physical unit and prepare the mono-dispersed nano material and can prevent that the secondary agglomeration tool of nano structured unit wherein is of great significance simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus, the problem that exists to solve prior art nano material dispersion technology.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus; it is characterized in that: the charging aperture that includes common central shaft word order; the turbulent flow generation chamber; high pressure turbulent flow chute; discharging opening; described charging aperture front end enters for the fluid with machined material; the charging aperture end is communicated to turbulent flow generation chamber one side; high pressure turbulent flow chute front end is communicated to turbulent flow generation chamber opposite side; high pressure turbulent flow chute end is communicated to discharging opening; by charging aperture; the turbulent flow generation chamber; high pressure turbulent flow chute; discharging opening consists of high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber jointly; wherein the charging aperture radial section is long-pending long-pending less than turbulent flow generation chamber radial section, and high pressure turbulent flow chute radial section is long-pending long-pending less than the charging aperture radial section.
Described liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus, it is characterized in that: described charging aperture, turbulent flow generation chamber, high pressure turbulent flow chute, discharging opening outer wall materials are diamond.
Described liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus is characterized in that: the radial section of described high pressure turbulent flow chute is long-pending to be less than or equal to 1 square millimeter.
Described liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus; it is characterized in that: described high pressure turbulent flow chute is rectilinear chute whole or that the connection of multistage one word consists of; perhaps being the bent chute of middle one or many bending, perhaps is the branch shape chute of total separation structure.
Described liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus; it is characterized in that: a plurality of high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber formation cascade structure of can mutually connecting; in the cascade structure, rear one-level high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber mesohigh turbulent flow chute radial section is long-pending long-pending less than adjacent previous stage high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber mesohigh turbulent flow chute radial section.
The present invention makes plant-scale supplied materials shear under the effect of liquid turbulent flow at the formed instantaneous pressure of device, can form range scale at the suspension of the dispersed nano construction unit formation of Nano grade (being evenly distributed on about 40 nm), realized that the nano structured unit that comprises in the prepared suspension state nano material can keep monodispersed state for a long time, can not form secondary agglomeration.Practicability and effectiveness of the present invention, equipment is reliable and stable, and the nano structured unit suspension of the multiple material by the present invention preparation is expected in many-sided field such as industrial, agriculture and is applied.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Structural representation when Fig. 2 is bent high pressure turbulent flow chute of the present invention.
Structural representation when Fig. 3 is branch shape high pressure turbulent flow chute of the present invention.
Fig. 4 be multistage of the present invention consist of linear high pressure turbulent flow chute the time structural representation.
Fig. 5 is the titanium nitride nano particle SEM contrast photo before and after the liquid turbulent shear of instantaneous pressure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the TEM photo of the titanium nitride nano particle behind the liquid turbulent shear of instantaneous pressure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the particle diameter distribution map of the titanium nitride nano particle behind the liquid turbulent shear of instantaneous pressure of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Such as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 4.Liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus; include the charging aperture 1 of common central shaft word order; turbulent flow generation chamber 2; high pressure turbulent flow chute 3; discharging opening 4; charging aperture 1 front end enters for the fluid with machined material; charging aperture 1 end is communicated to turbulent flow generation chamber 2 one sides; high pressure turbulent flow chute 3 front ends are communicated to turbulent flow generation chamber 2 opposite sides; high pressure turbulent flow chute 3 ends are communicated to discharging opening 4; by charging aperture 1; turbulent flow generation chamber 2; high pressure turbulent flow chute 3; discharging opening 4 common formation high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber; wherein charging aperture 1 radial section is long-pending long-pending less than turbulent flow generation chamber 2 radial sections, and high pressure turbulent flow chute 3 radial sections are long-pending long-pending less than charging aperture 1 radial section.Charging aperture 1, turbulent flow generation chamber 2, high pressure turbulent flow chute 3, discharging opening 4 outer wall materials are diamond.
The radial section of high pressure turbulent flow chute 3 is long-pending to be less than or equal to 1 square millimeter.
High pressure turbulent flow chute 3 is rectilinear chute whole or that the connection of multistage one word consists of, perhaps is the bent chute of middle one or many bending, perhaps is the branch shape chute of total separation structure.
A plurality of high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber formation cascade structure of can mutually connecting, in the cascade structure, rear one-level high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber mesohigh turbulent flow chute 3 radial sections are long-pending long-pending less than adjacent previous stage high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber mesohigh turbulent flow chute 3 radial sections.
Mesohigh turbulent flow dispersion chamber of the present invention is combined by cavity geometry structure and the fluid passage of uniqueness, usually connect the long-pending relatively larger turbulent flow generation chamber of a radial section by a charging aperture, the turbulent flow generation chamber connects again a high pressure turbulent flow chute that sectional area is very little, connects at last the discharging opening of machined material and consists of.The radial section of high pressure turbulent flow chute is long-pending not only long-pending much smaller than the radial section of turbulent flow generation chamber, and is also long-pending less than the charging aperture radial section simultaneously, usually is not more than 1 square millimeter.The high pressure turbulent flow disperses the material in chamber to use diamond to make.When machined material needs less yardstick, high pressure turbulent flow of the present invention can be disperseed the chamber series connection use more than 2 grades, this moment, the high pressure turbulent flow chute radial section of rear one-level is long-pending should be processed long-pendingly less than the high pressure turbulent flow chute radial section of adjacent previous stage from the fluid approach axis.Workflow of the present invention is as follows: under the effect of circuit control device, machined material is along with fluid (such as dispersants such as water or organic solvents), through the supercharging of fluid pressurized part institute, be admitted to the high pressure turbulent flow and disperse the charging aperture in chamber, enter the turbulent flow generation chamber, because fluid enters the long-pending larger turbulent flow generation chamber of radial section from the long-pending less chute of radial section under pressure, the localized liquid pressure drop is low to moderate liquid gasification pressure, the liquid generating gasification, form turbulent flow, when continuing to enter into the long-pending very little high pressure turbulent flow chute of radial section, further form instantaneous pressure and sheared liquid turbulent flow, be opened so that comprise the hard aggregation of the aggregate unit in the suspension fluid of aggregate, prepared mono-dispersed nano construction unit suspension, can make nano unit suspension keep monodispersed state to reach 6 months.
It is worthy of note, in dispersion process, it is huge that instantaneous pressure is sheared liquid turbulent flow energy, shape and structure design and material practicality to cavity have proposed very harsh requirement, common material is difficult to realize shearing at instantaneous pressure for a long time the requirement of continuous and effective running under the liquid turbulent flow, the present invention is by unique cavity body structure and the design of fluid passage shape, the employing of novelty the material of diamond as high pressure turbulent flow dispersing chamber, efficiently solve high pressure and shear the problem of equipment actual life and stability in the abominable working environment under the liquid turbulent flow long term (as adopting carborundum or silicon nitride as the cavity material, its useful life only has 6 months, and adopt in the situation of diamond, use statistics through reality, can the functional deterioration problem can not occur in practical 6 years continuously).
Such as Fig. 5-shown in Figure 7.The present invention can realize the preparation to the multiple inorganic nano material that comprises silicon nitride, aluminium nitride, boron nitride, carborundum, titanium carbide, zirconium carbide etc., has very widely in many-sided fields such as industry and agriculturals and uses.As being that several microns to tens microns titanium nitride aggregate adds 185 kilograms ethylene glycol with 4 kilograms of range scales, ten kilograms of anion show activating agent styrene and KH550 silane coupler totally 200 kilograms under 1.5 atmospheric pressure, enter the high pressure turbulent flow and disperse the chamber, the effect of shearing liquid turbulent flow through 1 hour instantaneous pressure, obtain hard aggregation-free, prevented the suspension of secondary agglomeration nanoscale high dispersive, its particle diameter narrow distribution.This suspension can suspend nearly 6 months at the room temperature shady place, occured without precipitation.And for example the imvite with 20g joins in the solution of the disconnected larynx crossbow of 50g and the configuration of 300 ml waters, after this dispersing apparatus processing, pesticide can be inserted into the interlayer of nano imvite, avoided its rapid evaporation under Yanguan Pass, realized slow release, improved insecticide efficiency, (one week 3 times) has prolonged the desinsection cycle and has reached 15 days on the original basis, saves the use cost of agricultural chemicals and on the impact of environment.
Claims (5)
1. liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus; it is characterized in that: the charging aperture that includes common central shaft word order; the turbulent flow generation chamber; high pressure turbulent flow chute; discharging opening; described charging aperture front end enters for the fluid with machined material; the charging aperture end is communicated to turbulent flow generation chamber one side; high pressure turbulent flow chute front end is communicated to turbulent flow generation chamber opposite side; high pressure turbulent flow chute end is communicated to discharging opening; by charging aperture; the turbulent flow generation chamber; high pressure turbulent flow chute; discharging opening consists of high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber jointly; wherein the charging aperture radial section is long-pending long-pending less than turbulent flow generation chamber radial section, and high pressure turbulent flow chute radial section is long-pending long-pending less than the charging aperture radial section.
2. liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described charging aperture, turbulent flow generation chamber, high pressure turbulent flow chute, discharging opening outer wall materials are diamond.
3. liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the radial section of described high pressure turbulent flow chute is long-pending to be less than or equal to 1 square millimeter.
4. liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: described high pressure turbulent flow chute is rectilinear chute whole or that the connection of multistage one word consists of; perhaps being the bent chute of middle one or many bending, perhaps is the branch shape chute of total separation structure.
5. liquid turbulent flow instantaneous pressure shearing method scale dispersing nanometer material apparatus according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: a plurality of high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber formation cascade structure of can mutually connecting; in the cascade structure, rear one-level high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber mesohigh turbulent flow chute radial section is long-pending long-pending less than adjacent previous stage high pressure turbulent flow dispersion chamber mesohigh turbulent flow chute radial section.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1336427A1 (en) * | 2002-02-18 | 2003-08-20 | Kyowa Vacuum Engineering Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for preparing slurry from starting materials |
| CN1724133A (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-01-25 | 安藤成雄 | High pressure homogenizing apparatus and method thereof |
| JP2010274243A (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2010-12-09 | Shibaura Mechatronics Corp | Micro bubble generation apparatus and micro bubble generating method |
| CN101961616A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-02-02 | 合肥开尔纳米能源科技股份有限公司 | Liquid phase dispersion device of nano-powder material |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1336427A1 (en) * | 2002-02-18 | 2003-08-20 | Kyowa Vacuum Engineering Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for preparing slurry from starting materials |
| CN1724133A (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-01-25 | 安藤成雄 | High pressure homogenizing apparatus and method thereof |
| JP2010274243A (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2010-12-09 | Shibaura Mechatronics Corp | Micro bubble generation apparatus and micro bubble generating method |
| CN101961616A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-02-02 | 合肥开尔纳米能源科技股份有限公司 | Liquid phase dispersion device of nano-powder material |
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