CN102983492A - Saturated absorption Doppler broadening spectral line device - Google Patents
Saturated absorption Doppler broadening spectral line device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102983492A CN102983492A CN2012105177456A CN201210517745A CN102983492A CN 102983492 A CN102983492 A CN 102983492A CN 2012105177456 A CN2012105177456 A CN 2012105177456A CN 201210517745 A CN201210517745 A CN 201210517745A CN 102983492 A CN102983492 A CN 102983492A
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Abstract
A saturated absorption Doppler broadening spectral line device comprises a Lambda/2 wave plate, a first polarization beam splitter, a first total reflection mirror, a second total reflection mirror, a third total reflection mirror, a second polarization beam splitter, a Lambda/4 wave plate, a sample reservoir and a detector. According to the saturated absorption Doppler broadening spectral line device provided by the invention, the light beams of pump light and detection light completely coincide to obtain a higher signal to noise ratio; the spatial scale of the whole system is only limited by the size of an optical device and the sample reservoir, an optical path is more compactly and flexibly arranged, so that people can observe a precise level-structure spectral line of an atom or molecule.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser, a kind of saturated absorption for accurate, the stable frequency discrimination source of laser frequency stabilization system Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum.
Background technology
At room temperature, because the speed of the warm-up movement of atom and molecule is very high, so Doppler widens the main mechanism that becomes spectral line broadening, make us can not obtain to reflect the spectral line of its meticulous level structure.
The saturated absorption Doppler that disappears adds wide range, makes us can observe the spectral line of the meticulous level structure of atom and molecule, makes us carry out more deep understanding to the structure of atom and molecule.In the laser frequency stabilization system, the Hyperfine level structure spectral line is used as stable, accurate frequency source, is widely used.Device that Doppler adds wide spectrum is sold in market to have had at present special commercial acquisition saturated absorption to disappear, and along with the development of science and technology, this device will have more and more wider application, increasing demand.
In order to eliminate Doppler's saturated absorption background, need with the stronger pump light of a branch of light intensity, make the atom and molecule in the sample be in excitation state, produce saturation effect; A branch of be in the interactional weak light of surveying of the sample of excitation state; And another restraints the detection light identical with surveying the light light intensity magnitude by identical sample, as reference light.This two bundle detection light and reference light light intensity signal by sample is detected device (subtracter or to pipe) and receives, and is converted to voltage signal, subtract each other, it is smooth that we just can obtain a lower edge like this, a plurality of sharp peak, the saturated absorption spectral line that Doppler widens that disappears.
The light path system of traditional traditional triangular structure take the thick lens beam splitter as main components can obtain not having the spectral line that comprises Hyperfine level structure of Doppler's background, but exists following shortcoming:
The first, it is larger to take up room.In order to obtain the signal of high s/n ratio, we need to make pump light and survey coinciding together that light tries one's best, but are limited to the light channel structure of triangle, and this just needs pump light and surveys very little of angle between the light, therefore needs larger space.
The second, the signal to noise ratio of signal is not high.Pump light with survey light and can not overlap fully, so sizable a part of atom is arranged not by pumping or is not detected.
The 3rd, survey the distance of light and reference light and fix, can not at will regulate.The thickness of thick lens beam splitter determines, this has just determined to survey the easily change that distance between light and the reference light can not be careless.
The 4th, reference light and the intensity balancing of surveying between the light are not easy to regulate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of saturated absorption Doppler that disappears to add the device of wide spectrum, it is compacter, flexible that this device has the light path arrangement, makes us can observe the spectral line of the meticulous level structure of atom and molecule.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of saturated absorption Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum.
A kind of saturated absorption Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, characteristics are that this device comprises λ/2 wave plates, the first polarization beam splitter prism, the first completely reflecting mirror, the second completely reflecting mirror, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, one dimension displacement platform, the second polarization beam splitter prism, λ/4 wave plates, sample cell and detector, and the position relationship of above-mentioned each component is as follows:
Described detector comprises the first photodetector, the second photodetector and a subtracter, and the output of the first photodetector and the second photodetector is exported through described subtracter; Described the second completely reflecting mirror places on the described one dimension displacement platform, to change the spacing of surveying between light and the reference light;
Laser direction along the linear polarization of incident is λ/2 wave plates successively, the first polarization beam splitter prism, sample cell, λ/4 wave plates, the second polarization beam splitter prism and the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, described the 3rd completely reflecting mirror and incident light perpendicular direction, the linearly polarized light of described incident is divided into transmitted light and reverberation through the first polarization beam splitter prism, be called pump light and reference light, described pump light is through described sample cell, vertically be incident on described the 3rd completely reflecting mirror behind λ/4 wave plates and the second polarization beam splitter prism, after the reflection of the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, return as surveying light, through described the second polarization beam splitter prism along former road, λ/4 wave plates, sample cell and the reflection of the first polarization beam splitter prism enter the first photodetector of described detector;
Reference light direction at described the first polarization beam splitter prism sets gradually first completely reflecting mirror and second completely reflecting mirror at 45 ° with light path, make described reference light other direction from described the second polarization beam splitter prism after the first completely reflecting mirror and the reflection of the second completely reflecting mirror, namely the direction vertical with described pump light enters described the second polarization beam splitter prism, and this reference light enters the second photodetector of described detector after the reflection of the second polarization beam splitter prism is by described λ/4 wave plates, sample cell and the reflection of the first polarization beam splitter prism;
Through detection light that the first photodetector is surveyed and output after the light signal of the reference light that the second photodetector is surveyed converts respectively voltage signal to and subtracts each other by described subtracter, obtain the saturated absorption Doppler that disappears and add the signal of telecommunication of wide spectrum.
Described λ/2 wave plates have the rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of surveying light and reference light.
Described λ/4 wave plates have the rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of surveying light and reference light.
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
The saturated absorption of the present invention Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, has overcome some shortcomings traditionally, has following some advantage:
The first, it is less to take up room.Because pump light can overlap fully with detection light, so whole system only is subject to the impact of the components and parts such as eyeglass basically, need not consider again to survey the angle problem of light and pump light coincidence.
The second, signal to noise ratio is higher.Because pump light can overlap basically fully with detection light, so their overlapped zones are wider, thereby can obtain better signal.
The 3rd, the distance of surveying between light path and the pumping light path can change flexibly, no longer is subjected to the restriction of thick lens beam splitter.
The 4th, reference light and the intensity balancing of surveying between the light are more prone to regulate.As long as rotate λ/2 wave plates 1 or λ/4 wave plates 8, just can regulate easily the detection light of back and the light intensity of reference light, thereby obtain the spectral line that smooth, the sharp keen Doppler that disappears widens.
The 5th, the little advantage that square light path system takes up space is beneficial to integratedly, utilizes the femtosecond micro-processing technology, might be integrated in (Opt.Lett.28, a 1144-1146 (2003) above the chip to whole system in the future.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the saturated absorption of the present invention Doppler that disappears adds the schematic diagram of an embodiment of device of wide spectrum.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but should not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
See also first Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is that the saturated absorption of the present invention Doppler that disappears adds the schematic diagram of embodiment of the device of wide spectrum.As seen from the figure, the saturated absorption of the present invention Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, comprise λ/2 wave plates 1, the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, the first completely reflecting mirror 3, the second completely reflecting mirror 4, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 6, one dimension displacement platform 5, the second polarization beam splitter prism 7, λ/4 wave plates 8, sample cell 9 and detector 10, the position relationship of above-mentioned each component is as follows:
Described detector 10 comprises the first photodetector, the second photodetector and a subtracter, and the output of the first photodetector and the second photodetector is exported through described subtracter; Described the second completely reflecting mirror 4 places on the described one dimension displacement platform 5, to change the spacing of surveying between light and the reference light;
Laser direction along the linear polarization of incident is λ/2 wave plates 1 successively, the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, sample cell 9, λ/4 wave plates 8, the second polarization beam splitter prism 7 and the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 6, described the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 6 and incident light perpendicular direction, the linearly polarized light of described incident is divided into transmitted light and reverberation through the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, be called pump light and reference light, described pump light is through described sample cell 9, vertically be incident on described the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 6 behind λ/4 wave plates 8 and the second polarization beam splitter prism 7, after 6 reflections of the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, return as surveying light, through described the second polarization beam splitter prism 7 along former road, λ/4 wave plates 8, sample cell 9 and 2 reflections of the first polarization beam splitter prism enter the first photodetector of described detector 10;
Light path at the reference light of described the first polarization beam splitter prism 2 sets gradually first completely reflecting mirror 3 and second completely reflecting mirror 4 at 45 ° with light path, make described reference light other direction from described the second polarization beam splitter prism 7 after the first completely reflecting mirror 3 and 4 reflections of the second completely reflecting mirror, namely the direction vertical with described pump light enters described the second polarization beam splitter prism 7, and this reference light reflects by described λ/4 wave plates 8 through the second polarization beam splitter prism 7, enter the second photodetector of described detector 10 after sample cell 9 and 2 reflections of the first polarization beam splitter prism;
Through detection light that the first photodetector is surveyed and output after the light signal of the reference light that the second photodetector is surveyed converts respectively voltage signal to and subtracts each other by described subtracter, obtain the saturated absorption Doppler that disappears and add the signal of telecommunication of wide spectrum.
Described λ/2 wave plates 1 have the rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of pump light and reference light.
Described λ/4 wave plates 8 have the rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of surveying light and reference light.
When the install and adjust light path, should note:
1. guarantee at first that laser beam propagates along straight line, place λ/2 wave plates 1, then place the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, make light beam be divided into the vertical light beam of two bundles, and make the not too close center of the light beam that passes through, near keeping to the side a little, the adjustable range that two bundles are surveyed between the light is allowed some leeway.
2. 45 degree completely reflecting mirrors 3 are installed, are made the light beam of reflection and the direction of propagation Shu Pinghang of P light, become 90 degree with incident light.
3. be fixed on 45 degree completely reflecting mirrors 4 above the straight moving platform 5 of one dimension, make reverberation become 90 degree with incident light.
4. place the second polarization beam splitter prism (PBS) 7, P light and S light are separated, get to two edges of PBS, this also needs to guarantee certain adjusting surplus.
5. place 0 degree completely reflecting mirror 6 in the second polarization beam splitter prism (PBS) 7 back, must note making incident light and reverberation to keep overlapping, can guarantee that incident light is fully parallel with reverberation with aperture.
6. between sample cell and the second polarization beam splitter prism (PBS) 7, insert λ/4 wave plates 8.Regulate the straight moving platform 5 of one dimension, detection light and reference light are incided in the detector 10; Regulate λ/2 wave plates 1 and λ/4 wave plates 8 so that incide intensity balancing in the detector.
7. insert testing sample 9, regulate λ/4 wave plates 8, obtain sharp-pointed, lower to the smooth saturated absorption Doppler's spectral line that disappears.
A branch of linearly polarized laser incides the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, will make light beam be divided into two-beam: along the transmitted light that former direction is propagated, be called pump light and propagate into the reverberation of 90 degree angles with the original direction of propagation, be called reference light; By rotation described λ/2 wave plates 1, can change the light intensity magnitude of pump light and reference light simultaneously, here we select the light intensity of pump light greater than the light intensity of reference light.The intensity balancing that just can regulate reference light and survey light by regulating described λ/2 wave plates 1.
Described pump light enters in the sample cell 9, and the molecule of sample or atom all are energized into excited level, makes it to produce saturation effect.
Described pump light is by after the sample cell 9, incide λ/above 4 wave plates 8, the pump light of light intensity decreasing is then through the second polarization beam splitter prism 7, be divided into again P light and S light, then the P light that sees through the second polarization beam splitter prism 7 reflected by the 3rd completely reflecting mirror 6 former roads, is called detection light.Surveying like this light path and pumping light path overlaps fully interior realization of very short distance.This bundle is surveyed light and is passed through again λ/4 wave plates 8, after the sample cell 9, is reflected again by the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, and this surveys light as input signal, enters the first photodetector of detector 10.Here rotate λ/4 wave plates 8, can regulate the light intensity magnitude that incides the detection light in the detector 10.
Described reference light, through two the first completely reflecting mirrors 3 and 4 reflections of the second completely reflecting mirror, enter the second polarization beam splitter prism 7, the direction of propagation is changed 90 degree after 7 reflections of the second polarization beam splitter prism, through λ/4 wave plates 8, through sample cell 9, carry the signal that Doppler widens, return the first polarization beam splitter prism 2, be divided into again P light and S light, wherein the direction of propagation has changed the 90 S light (reference light) of spending as input signal, enters the second photodetector of detector 10.In this process, the second completely reflecting mirror 4 above the straight moving platform 5 that can move forward and backward is to change the distance between reference light and the detection light.Change simultaneously λ/4 wave plates 8, can regulate the light intensity magnitude that incides the reference light in the detector 10.
The light intensity magnitude that incides the reference light of detector 10 and survey light is detected the first photoelectric tube in the device 10 and the second photoelectric tube and surveys and be converted to voltage signal and subtract each other through subtracter, and the voltage signal after this is subtracted each other is exactly the saturated absorption spectral line voltage signal that Doppler widens that disappears.If deliver in the oscilloscope, just can see under one along smooth a plurality of sharp peak, the saturated absorption spectrum shape that Doppler widens that disappears.
The factor of comprehensive above each side can find out, this novel saturated absorption Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, has overcome some shortcomings traditionally, has following some advantage:
The first, it is less to take up room.Because pump light can overlap fully with detection light, so whole system only is subject to the impact of the components and parts such as eyeglass basically, need not consider again to survey the angle problem of light and pump light coincidence.
The second, signal to noise ratio is higher.Because pump light can overlap basically fully with detection light, so their overlapped zones are wider, thereby can obtain better signal.
The 3rd, the distance of surveying between light path and the pumping light path can change flexibly, no longer is subjected to the restriction of thick lens beam splitter.
The 4th, reference light and the intensity balancing of surveying between the light are more prone to regulate.As long as rotate λ/2 wave plates 1 or λ/4 wave plates 8, just can regulate easily the detection light of back and the light intensity of reference light, thereby obtain the spectral line that smooth, the sharp keen Doppler that disappears in lower edge widens.
The 5th, the little advantage that square light path system takes up space is beneficial to integratedly, utilizes the femtosecond micro-processing technology, might be integrated in one to whole system above the chip in the future.
Claims (3)
1. the saturated absorption Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, be characterised in that this device comprises λ/2 wave plates (1), the first polarization beam splitter prism (2), the first completely reflecting mirror (3), the second completely reflecting mirror (4), one dimension displacement platform (5), the 3rd completely reflecting mirror (6), the second polarization beam splitter prism (7), λ/4 wave plates (8), sample cell (9) and detector (10), the position relationship of above-mentioned each component is as follows:
Described detector (10) comprises the first photodetector, the second photodetector and a subtracter, and the output of the first photodetector and the second photodetector is exported through described subtracter; Described the second completely reflecting mirror (4) places on the described one dimension displacement platform (5), to change the spacing of surveying between light and the reference light;
Laser direction along the linear polarization of incident is λ/2 wave plates (1) successively, the first polarization beam splitter prism (2), sample cell (9), λ/4 wave plates (8), the second polarization beam splitter prism (7) and the 3rd completely reflecting mirror (6), described the 3rd completely reflecting mirror (6) and incident light perpendicular direction, the linearly polarized light of described incident is divided into transmitted light and reverberation through the first polarization beam splitter prism (2), be called pump light and reference light, described pump light is through described sample cell (9), vertically be incident on described the 3rd completely reflecting mirror (6) behind λ/4 wave plates (8) and the second polarization beam splitter prism (7), after the 3rd completely reflecting mirror (6) reflection, return as surveying light, through described the second polarization beam splitter prism (7) along former road, λ/4 wave plates (8), sample cell (9) and the first polarization beam splitter prism (2) reflection enter the first photodetector of described detector (10);
Reference light direction at described the first polarization beam splitter prism (2) sets gradually first completely reflecting mirror (3) and second completely reflecting mirror (4) at 45 ° with light path, make described reference light other direction from described the second polarization beam splitter prism (7) after the first completely reflecting mirror (3) and the second completely reflecting mirror (4) reflection, namely the direction vertical with described pump light enters described the second polarization beam splitter prism (7), and this reference light reflects by described λ/4 wave plates (8) through the second polarization beam splitter prism (7), enter the second photodetector of described detector (10) after sample cell (9) and the first polarization beam splitter prism (2) reflection;
Through detection light that the first photodetector is surveyed and output after the light signal of the reference light that the second photodetector is surveyed converts respectively voltage signal to and subtracts each other by described subtracter, obtain the saturated absorption Doppler that disappears and add the signal of telecommunication of wide spectrum.
2. the saturated absorption according to claim 1 Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, it is characterized in that described λ/2 wave plates (1) have the rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of surveying light and reference light.
3. the saturated absorption according to claim 1 Doppler that disappears adds the device of wide spectrum, it is characterized in that described λ/4 wave plates (8) have the rotation governor motion, to regulate the light intensity of surveying light and reference light.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103760135A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-30 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Speed transfer laser spectrum measuring device and method of V-type energy level structure atoms |
| CN105514799A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-20 | 北京大学 | Small no-background saturated absorption spectroscopy device and system and control method |
| CN113410754A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-17 | 华东理工大学 | Micro-power-consumption miniaturized saturated absorption spectrum device for semiconductor laser |
| CN115064935A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-16 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Laser control device and method for simultaneously realizing frequency stability and line width narrowing |
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| EP1225432A2 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2002-07-24 | Ando Electric Co., Ltd. | Wavelength monitor |
| JP2006343287A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-21 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | Optical properties measuring device |
| CN202002883U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-10-05 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Minitype saturated absorption spectrum device |
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| US5767971A (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1998-06-16 | Nikon Corporation | Apparatus for measuring refractive index of medium using light, displacement measuring system using the same apparatus, and direction-of-polarization rotating unit |
| EP1225432A2 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2002-07-24 | Ando Electric Co., Ltd. | Wavelength monitor |
| JP2006343287A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-21 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | Optical properties measuring device |
| CN202002883U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-10-05 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Minitype saturated absorption spectrum device |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103760135A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-30 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Speed transfer laser spectrum measuring device and method of V-type energy level structure atoms |
| CN105514799A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-20 | 北京大学 | Small no-background saturated absorption spectroscopy device and system and control method |
| CN113410754A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-17 | 华东理工大学 | Micro-power-consumption miniaturized saturated absorption spectrum device for semiconductor laser |
| CN115064935A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-16 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Laser control device and method for simultaneously realizing frequency stability and line width narrowing |
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