CN102978468B

CN102978468B - Al-Fe-W-RE aluminum alloy, and preparation method and power cable thereof

Info

Publication number: CN102978468B
Application number: CN201210445322.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林泽民
Original assignee: Anhui Joy Sense Cable Co Ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Joy Sense Cable Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-11-09
Filing date: 2012-11-09
Publication date: 2014-10-08
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-09
Also published as: CN102978468A

Abstract

The invention provides an Al-Fe-W-RE aluminum alloy, and a preparation method of the Al-Fe-W-RE aluminum alloy. The method comprises the steps that: (a) an aluminum alloy ingot is cast; (b) the aluminum alloy ingot is subjected to a homogenization treatment; and the obtained aluminum alloy ingot is rolled, such that an aluminum alloy rod material is obtained; (c) the aluminum alloy rod material obtained in the step (b) is subjected to a batch-type annealing treatment; and (d) the aluminum alloy rod material obtained in the step (c) is subjected to an aging treatment, such that aluminum alloy is obtained. The invention also provides a power cable. According to the invention, through the selection and control over added elements and the adoption of a reasonable preparation process, the obtained aluminum alloy is provided with good comprehensive performance.

Description

Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof and power cable

Technical field

The present invention relates to alloy technology field, relate in particular to Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof and power cable.

Background technology

Aluminium alloy is a most widely used class non-ferrous metal structured material in industry, in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinofacture, boats and ships and chemical industry, is used widely.Along with the develop rapidly of science and technology and industrial economy, the demand of aluminium alloy is increasing, and the research of aluminium alloy also thereupon deeply.The widespread use of aluminium alloy has promoted the development of aluminium alloy in power industry, and the Application Areas of aluminium alloy has been expanded again in the development of power industry simultaneously.

Power cable is the resource for carrying and distribute electric energy, and its basic structure is made up of core, insulation layer, screen layer and protective layer four parts.Wherein, core is the current-carrying part of power cable, is used for transmission of electric energy, and it is the major portion of power cable; Insulation layer will be isolated from each other at electric equipment compartment between core and the earth and out of phase core, ensures power delivery, and it is indispensable integral part in power cable structure; Protective layer is that protection power cable is avoided the intrusion of introduced contaminants and moisture, and prevents that external force from directly damaging power cable.Because copper has good electroconductibility, copper is widely used in the core of power cable.But along with the scarcity day by day of copper resource, and the content of aluminium is very abundant, has received investigator's concern with aluminium substitution copper, and therefore aluminium alloy becomes the focus of research as cable conductor.

Aluminium alloy power cable substitutes copper cable becomes a kind of trend gradually, and is widely applied.Aluminum-alloy conductor material of the prior art, comparatively excellent at aspects such as electrical property, corrosion resistance nature and mechanical propertys, but aspect anti-fatigue performance or poor, thereby easily there are quality problems, affect the work-ing life of aluminum alloy materials or bring potential safety hazard, therefore, aluminium alloy power cable over-all properties is still poor.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of over-all properties preferably for aluminium alloy of power cable and preparation method thereof.

In view of this, the invention provides a kind of Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy, comprising:

The Fe of 0.01 ~ 1.6wt%; The Cu of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Mg of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Co of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Be of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Ca of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Zn of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Sr of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Zr of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Li of 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%; The Na of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The K of 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%; The Ti of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The V of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%; The Cr of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%; The Mn of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%; The Ni of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%; The Ga of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Ge of 0.003 ~ 0.2wt%; The Rb of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Nb of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%; The Mo of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Tc of 0.001 ~ 0.25wt%; The Ru of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%; The Rh of 0.002 ~ 0.1wt%; The Pd of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%; The Ag of 0.001 ~ 0.1wt%; The Cd of 0.002 ~ 0.13wt%; The In of 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%; The Sn of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%; The Sb of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Cs of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Ba of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%; The Hf of 0.001 ~ 0.22wt%; The Ta of 0.002 ~ 0.16wt%; The W of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%; The RE of 0.01 ~ 3.0wt%; Be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the Si of 0.2wt%; Be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the B of 0.8wt%; The aluminium of surplus.

Preferably, comprise the Fe of 0.25 ~ 0.6wt%.

Preferably, comprise the RE of 0.1 ~ 0.6wt%.

Preferably, comprise the W of 0.005 ~ 0.01wt%.

The preparation method who the invention provides a kind of Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy, comprises the following steps:

A) cast the aluminium alloy cast ingot of following composition: the Fe of 0.01 ~ 1.6wt%, the Cu of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Mg of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Co of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Be of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Ca of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Zn of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Sr of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Li of 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%, the Zr of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Na of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the K of 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%, the Ti of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the V of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Cr of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, the Mn of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, the Ni of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Ga of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Ge of 0.003 ~ 0.2wt%, the Rb of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Nb of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Mo of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Tc of 0.001 ~ 0.25wt%, the Ru of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Rh of 0.002 ~ 0.1wt%, the Pd of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, the Ag of 0.001 ~ 0.1wt%, the Cd of 0.002 ~ 0.13wt%, the In of 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%, the Sn of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, the Sb of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Cs of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Ba of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, the Hf of 0.001 ~ 0.22wt%, the Ta of 0.002 ~ 0.16wt%, the W of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, the RE of 0.01 ~ 3.0wt%, be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the Si of 0.2wt%, be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the B of 0.8wt% and the aluminium of surplus,

B) described aluminium alloy cast ingot is carried out to homogenizing processing, aluminium alloy cast ingot after treatment homogenizing is rolled, obtain aluminium alloy pole stock;

C) aluminium alloy pole stock step b) being obtained carries out intermittent type anneal;

D) aluminium alloy pole stock step c) being obtained carries out ageing treatment, obtains aluminium alloy.

Preferably, the temperature of described homogenizing processing is 450 ~ 550 DEG C, and the time of described homogenizing processing is 6 ~ 16h, and the heat-up rate of described homogenizing processing is 3 ~ 8 DEG C/min.

Preferably, described step c) is specially:

The aluminium alloy pole stock that step b) is obtained is heated to 280 ~ 350 DEG C, after insulation 2 ~ 8h, lowers the temperature, and temperature is down to 150 ~ 200 DEG C, cooling after insulation 2 ~ 4h.

Preferably, described ageing treatment is to carry out in 5 ~ 15KV/cm uniform electric field in strength of electric field.

Preferably, the temperature of described ageing treatment is 250 ~ 320 DEG C, and the time of described ageing treatment is 4 ~ 20h.

The present invention also provides a kind of power cable, comprises core, insulation layer, screen layer and protective layer, and described core is aluminium alloy or the prepared aluminium alloy of such scheme described in such scheme.

The invention provides a kind of Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy, the present invention, taking aluminium as base, has added micro-iron, and aluminium can form Al with iron ₃fe, the Al separating out ₃fe dispersed granules has suppressed the creep strain of alloy, and part Fe also forms AlFeRE compound with RE and separates out, and precipitated phase AlFeRE can strengthen the anti-fatigue performance of alloy and the resistance toheat of hot operation, and rare earth compound precipitated phase can also improve yield strength intensity; The copper adding forms θ phase with aluminium, and θ plays solution strengthening and dispersion-strengthened action mutually, has improved tensile strength and the yield strength of aluminium alloy; Vanadium in alloy melt with the element such as Fe, Cu, RE form al-based compound be distributed in aluminium base in, there is High-Temperature Strengthening effect, improve the thermotolerance of aluminium alloy; Hafnium forms tiny dispersion-strengthened phase in alloy, and the strengthening effect that reaches a high temperature improves the thermostability of alloy under hot operation; Barium can form Al in melt ₁₄ba ₁₃, Al ₁₀ba ₁₂, Al ₇ba ₈, AlBa ₅etc. multiple alloy cpd, there is High-Temperature Strengthening effect, improve the high temperature creep property of aluminium alloy; Tantalum can form Al in melt ₇ta ₉, Al ₇ta ₅, Al ₃ta ₄, Al ₂ta ₃, AlTa ₂etc. High-Temperature Strengthening metallic compound; Tungsten forms Al in alloy ₁₂w, Al ₆w, Al ₄the disperse High-Temperature Strengthening phases such as W, are distributed in matrix crystal boundary, put forward heavy alloyed hot strength; Rare earth element, as surface active element, can be concentrated and be distributed on crystal boundary, reduces pulling force between phase and phase, thereby makes grain refining.The present invention, by the selection of alloy element and the control of content, is conducive to the raising of aluminium alloy over-all properties.

The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy, first carries out homogenizing processing by ingot casting, and homogenizing processing is heated evenly ingot casting, and the weave construction of optimized alloy; Then the aluminium alloy cast ingot of homogenizing processing is rolled into pole stock and carries out intermittent type anneal, the internal stress producing in elimination mechanical processing process and the damage to microtexture, optimize crystalline structure, recover the electrical property of wire rod, optimize mechanical property, make tensile property, flexility and the anti-fatigue performance of material keep coupling preferably; Again the aluminium alloy pole stock after anneal is carried out to ageing treatment in uniform electric field, can make the performance of whole material reach be uniformly distributed by ageing treatment, properties overall target reaches all good couplings.The present invention is by the optimization to aluminium alloy preparation method, make tensile property, flexility, electrical property, corrosion resistance nature and the anti-fatigue performance aspect of material keep coupling preferably, and the performance that makes whole material reaches and is uniformly distributed, thereby obtain the good aluminium alloy of over-all properties.

Embodiment

In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these are described is for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, instead of limiting to the claimed invention.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy, comprising:

The Fe of 0.01 ~ 1.6wt%; The Cu of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Mg of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Co of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Be of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Ca of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Zn of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Sr of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Zr of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Li of 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%; The Na of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The K of 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%; The Ti of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The V of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%; The Cr of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%; The Mn of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%; The Ni of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%; The Ga of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Ge of 0.003 ~ 0.2wt%; The Rb of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Nb of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%; The Mo of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%; The Tc of 0.001 ~ 0.25wt%; The Ru of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%; The Rh of 0.002 ~ 0.1wt%; The Pd of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%; The Ag of 0.001 ~ 0.1wt%; The Cd of 0.002 ~ 0.13wt%; The In of 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%; The Sn of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%; 0.001 ~ 0.2wt% Cs; The Sb of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%; The Ba of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%; The Hf of 0.001 ~ 0.22wt%; The Ta of 0.002 ~ 0.16wt%; The W of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%; The RE of 0.01 ~ 3.0wt%; Be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the Si of 0.2wt%; Be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the B of 0.8wt%; The aluminium of surplus.

According to the present invention, iron is as feature microalloy element, because aluminium can form Al with iron ₃fe, the Al separating out ₃fe diffusing particle has suppressed the creep strain of alloy, and improves the stability connecting.Fe can improve aluminium base tensile strength, yield strength and resistance toheat, can also put forward heavy alloyed plasticity simultaneously.In the preparation process of aluminium alloy, in alloy, part Fe is with Al ₃the form of Fe is separated out, and part Fe and RE form AlFeRE compound and separate out, and after the high temperature anneal, the solid solution of Fe in aluminium base is less, and the impact of the electrical property of Fe alloy is very little; But these disperse educts are on good terms and are strengthened the anti-fatigue performance of alloy and the resistance toheat of hot operation, and rare earth compound precipitated phase can also improve yield strength intensity.In alloy, the content of Fe is below 0.01wt%, very little to aluminium base performance change, do not have effect, but the content of Fe can not be too high, if exceed 1.6wt%, the weakening of aluminium base electrical property is comparatively obvious, and for having impact for the use of electric wire and cable conductor, cable accessory and appliance field aspect, therefore total following effect of body burden control 1.6wt% is better.The content of described Fe is 0.01 ~ 1.6wt%, is preferably 0.20 ~ 1.0wt%, more preferably 0.25 ~ 0.6wt%, more preferably 0.30 ~ 0.45wt%.

Copper is the basic strengthening element in aluminium alloy, and it and aluminium form θ (Al ₂cu) phase, and θ has the effect of solution strengthening and dispersion-strengthened mutually, can effectively improve tensile strength and the yield strength of aluminium alloy.If the content of copper is less than 0.001wt%, not obvious to the mechanical property improvement of aluminium alloy, if content exceedes 0.3wt%, reduce specific conductivity.In addition, Cu can also improve aluminum alloy heat performance.The content of described Cu is 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, is preferably 0.008 ~ 0.28wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.25wt%, and more preferably 0.05 ~ 0.20wt%, most preferably is 0.10 ~ 0.15wt%.

The present invention has also added the larger magnesium elements of atomic radius in aluminium alloy, and magnesium can make lattice produce distortion, causes solution hardening; Magnesium can also improve erosion resistance and the resistance toheat of aluminium alloy simultaneously.But the content of magnesium should not exceed 0.3wt%, too Gao Zehui causes the reduction of the too much increase of resistance and resistance toheat.The content of described magnesium is 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.25wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.20wt%, most preferably is 0.05 ~ 0.15wt%.

According to the present invention, select high reactivity element cobalt as alloying trace additives, cobalt can form AlCo, Al in alloy ₃co ₂, AlCo ₂etc. multiple dispersivity High-Temperature Strengthening phase; When coexisting, it and iron forms Al in interdendritic ₄(CoFe) the complicated strengthening phase such as, hinders dislocation, stops grain sliding, has effectively improved antifatigue and creep-resistant property under Alloy At Room Temperature and high temperature, thereby improves the thermotolerance of aluminium alloy.The content of described cobalt is 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.28wt%, and more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.25wt%, most preferably is 0.01 ~ 0.20wt%, most preferably is 0.055 ~ 0.18wt%.

Beryllium (Be) forms α, β dispersivity High-Temperature Strengthening phase in alloy, can prevent oxidation, the scaling loss and air-breathing of alloying element, puies forward the density of heavy alloyed smelting quality and surface film oxide.Be can also make impurity iron become a shape from needle-like, sand mold casting and model recoil can prevent from pouring into a mould time.Because Be has high affinity to oxygen and nitrogen, so it is efficiently in the time that melt is degassed, thereby it is better to obtain surface smoothness, and intensity is higher, and the improved premium casting of ductility.On the other hand, in alloy, add Be can make the Fe intermetallic crystal of fragility be transformed into little equiaxed crystal by large needle-like shape and stratiform shape, improve intensity and the ductility of alloy, and can allow in aluminium alloy, there is higher Fe content.Be can also improve the mobility of aluminium alloy, the mobility of melt is increased, and can put forward heavy alloyed tensile strength and yield strength.According to the present invention, the content of described Be is 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.18wt%, more preferably 0.10 ~ 0.15wt%.

Calcium (Ca) element adds element as the feature of complex compound, forms Al in alloy melt ₄ca, Al ₂ca ₃, AlCa ₂deng metallic compound, high-temperature behavior that can reinforced aluminium alloy, strengthens resistance toheat and the anti-fatigue performance of aluminium alloy, and it can not cause too large impact to the electrical property of aluminium alloy below 0.3wt%.The content of described calcium is 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, is preferably 0.004 ~ 0.28wt%, and more preferably 0.011 ~ 0.25wt%, most preferably is 0.05 ~ 0.20wt%, most preferably is 0.08 ~ 0.15wt%, most preferably is 0.10 ~ 0.12wt%.

The present invention has added micro-zinc in aluminium alloy, and zinc forms REAl with Al in melt ₂zn ₃, Fe ₃al ₂the various metals compounds such as Zn, can play the tensile property of improving aluminium alloy, and in the high-temp anti-corrosion performance that to a certain degree can effectively improve aluminium alloy, can also improve the wear resisting property of aluminium alloy.The content of described zinc is 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.18wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.15wt%, and more preferably 0.05 ~ 0.12wt%, most preferably is 0.08 ~ 0.10wt%.

Strontium (Sr) element adds element as the feature of complex compound, in melt, can form Al ₇sr ₈, Al ₄sr ₃, AlSr ₂and AlSr ₃etc. multiple alloying element, can play High-Temperature Strengthening effect, improve high temperature creep property.Secondly, Sr adds in aluminium alloy, can prevent aluminium alloy high temperature cracking in the time of casting, avoids occurring unnecessary impact in casting, reduces process costs, improves the disposable power that is processed into.The content of described strontium is 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.28wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.26wt%, and more preferably 0.06 ~ 0.24wt%, more preferably 0.10 ~ 0.20wt%, most preferably is 0.12 ~ 0.15wt%.

Zirconium (Zr) element adds element as the feature of complex compound, and it is by form tiny dispersion-strengthened phase in alloy, and the strengthening effect that reaches a high temperature, improves the thermostability of aluminium alloy under hot operation; On the other hand, Zr and Fe, Cu and Al form complicated alloy cpd, can improve the anti-fatigue performance of aluminium alloy.The content of described zirconium is 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.25wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.20wt%, and more preferably 0.05 ~ 0.15wt%, most preferably is 0.10 ~ 0.12wt%.

Silicon (Si) can promote Al ₃zr separates out, and improves tensile strength; Si can also form Mg-Si metallic compound with Mg, improves the thermal characteristics of aluminium alloy.But the content of Si should not exceed 0.2%, otherwise can cause electrical property obviously to decline, and cast bar easily produces defect, in rolling and strand process processed, easily occur phenomenon of rupture.The content of described silicon is greater than zero and is less than or equal to 0.2wt%, is preferably 0.001 ~ 0.18wt%, and more preferably 0.05 ~ 0.15wt%, most preferably is 0.08 ~ 0.12wt%.

The present invention by boron (B) add aluminium base in, can crystal grain thinning, form tiny disperse educt phase, owing to there is a large amount of this disperse phase in alloy, growing up of crystal grain also hindered, thereby can significantly improve recrystallization temperature, extend recrystallize incubation period, reduce recrystallize speed.On the other hand, boron can also improve intensity and the extension property of aluminium alloy, and makes alloy have good fatigue resistance.B can also form complex compound with Zr and Al, puies forward heavy alloyed thermal characteristics.The content of described boron is less than or equal to 0.8wt% for being greater than zero, is preferably 0.001 ~ 0.70wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.65wt%, and more preferably 0.10 ~ 0.5wt%, more preferably 0.25 ~ 0.45wt%, most preferably is 0.30 ~ 0.40wt%.

According to the present invention, in aluminium alloy, add elemental lithium, lithium (Li) element adds element as the feature of complex compound, forms Al in alloy melt ₂li ₃, AlLi ₂and AlLi ₅etc. dispersivity High-Temperature Strengthening phase, thus hardness, corrosion resistance nature and the toughness of raising aluminium alloy.The content of described lithium is 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.20wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.15wt%, most preferably is 0.05 ~ 0.10wt%.

Sodium (Na) element adds element as the feature of complex compound, forms Al in alloy melt ₂na ₃, AlNa ₂, AlNa ₅deng complex alloys compound, in melt, form complex alloys compound with Fe, Mg, RE simultaneously, above-mentioned alloy cpd disperse is distributed in alloy, can crystal grain thinning, thereby raising intensity of aluminum alloy, improve the anti-fatigue performance of aluminium alloy and increase the plasticity of aluminium alloy, strengthen the workability of aluminium alloy.The content of described sodium is 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%, more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.15wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.13wt%, most preferably is 0.05 ~ 0.10wt%.

Potassium (K) element, as the trace additives of aluminium alloy, forms Al in alloy melt ₅k ₇, Al ₃k ₄, Al ₂k ₃, AlK ₂deng complex alloys compound, described alloy cpd has High-Temperature Strengthening effect, can improve thermotolerance and the workability of aluminium alloy, strengthens the plasticity of aluminium alloy.The content of described potassium is 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.23wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.20wt%, and more preferably 0.05 ~ 0.18wt%, most preferably is 0.10 ~ 0.15wt%.

Titanium (Ti) element is as the trace additives of complex compound, in alloy melt, form aluminium base complex compound with multiple elements such as Fe, Mg, Cu, RE, effectively crystallization of refinement, improve crystalline structure structure, and on aluminium base crystal boundary, separate out composite alloy compound, reduce the abated effect of other trace element to aluminium alloy electric performance, and the creep-resistant property that improves aluminium alloy improves the castability of alloy.The content of described titanium is 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%, more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.15wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.13wt%, most preferably is 0.05 ~ 0.10wt%.

Vanadium (V) element is as the trace additives of complex compound, in alloy melt with the elements such as Fe, Cu, RE form aluminium base complex compound be distributed in aluminium base in, there is the effect of High-Temperature Strengthening, can improve the thermotolerance of aluminium alloy.The content of described vanadium is 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.13wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.10wt%, most preferably is 0.03 ~ 0.07wt%.

Chromium (Cr) forms β-GrAl in alloy ₇, η-Gr ₂7 kinds of dispersivity High-Temperature Strengthening phases such as Al, have refinement cast structure, the ability of heat resistanceheat resistant crackle in the time of material crystallization; Chromium can also improve the wear resistance of aluminium alloy.The content of described chromium is 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.10wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.08wt%.

The MnAl that manganese (Mn) element and the effect of matrix element aluminium obtain ₄there is identical current potential with fine aluminium, can effectively improve erosion resistance and the weldability of alloy; Manganese, as High-Temperature Strengthening phase, has raising recrystallization temperature simultaneously, suppresses the effect of recrystallize alligatoring, can realize solution strengthening, the supplementary strengthening of alloy and improve resistance toheat.The content of described manganese is 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.10wt%, and more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.08wt%, most preferably is 0.01 ~ 0.05wt%.

Nickel (Ni) element adds element as the feature of complex alloys, in melt, can form AlNi ₂, Al ₃the High-Temperature Strengthening phases such as Ni, are disperse phase and are distributed in matrix crystal boundary, put forward heavy alloyed room temperature intensity and hot strength and volume, dimensional stability, and have and make the compound of Fe become block tendency, reduce the impact of Fe on aluminium base electrical property.The content of described nickel is 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.10wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.08wt%, most preferably is 0.03 ~ 0.05wt%.

Gallium (Ga) element adds element as the feature of complex alloys, has and improves the problem of oxidation of aluminium alloy in melting, casting, welding, rolling, forging and stamping and extruding heat-processed.The content of described gallium is 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%, more preferably 0.008 ~ 0.15wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.12wt%, most preferably is 0.05 ~ 0.08wt%.

Germanium (Ge) adds element as the feature of complex alloys, in melt, can form Al ₉ge ₇, Al ₆ge ₅, Al ₅ge ₂, Al ₃ge ₄etc. multiple alloy cpd, form High-Temperature Strengthening phase, improve the thermally-stabilised and high-temperature creep resistance of alloy operation.The content of described germanium is 0.003 ~ 0.2wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.18wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.15wt%, most preferably is 0.05 ~ 0.10wt%.

Rubidium (Rb) adds element as the feature of complex alloys, in melt, can form Al ₇rb ₉, Al ₅rb ₃, AlRb ₂, AlRb ₄deng metallic compound, improve the tensile strength of aluminium alloy, particularly improve the yield strength of aluminium alloy.The content of described rubidium is 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%, more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.15wt%, and more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.15wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.10wt%, most preferably is 0.03 ~ 0.08wt%.

Niobium (Nb) element adds element as the feature of complex compound, in melt, can form AlNb ₃, AlNb, Al ₃the High-Temperature Strengthening metallic compounds such as Nb; Be disperse phase and be distributed in matrix crystal boundary, put forward heavy alloyed room temperature strength and hot strength.The content of described niobium is 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.12wt%, more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.10wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.08wt%; Most preferably be 0.03 ~ 0.05wt%.

Molybdenum (Mo) element, as the characteristic element of complex compound, can form High-Temperature Strengthening phase Al in melt ₁₂mo ~ AlMo ₃between 13 kinds of metallic compounds, be disperse phase and be distributed in matrix crystal boundary, improve room temperature strength and the hot strength of aluminium alloy.The content of described molybdenum is 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%, more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.15wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.10wt%, most preferably is 0.03 ~ 0.08wt%.

Technetium (Tc) adds element as the feature of complex alloys, can improve the erosion resistance of alloy in melt, shields impurity element simultaneously, reduces the damaging effect of impurity element to aluminium alloy electric performance.Tc can form Al with Al ₅tc ₇, Al ₄tc ₃, Al ₂tc ₃, AlTc ₂etc. complicated metallic compound, as High-Temperature Strengthening phase, there is raising recrystallization temperature, suppress the effect of recrystallize alligatoring, realize solution strengthening, the supplementary strengthening to aluminium alloy and improve resistance toheat.The content of described technetium is 0.001 ~ 0.25wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.23wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.20wt%, and more preferably 0.05 ~ 0.15wt%, most preferably is 0.08 ~ 0.12wt%.

The RuAl that ruthenium (Ru) and matrix effect obtain ₄there is identical current potential with fine aluminium, can effectively improve erosion resistance and the weldability of alloy; Ru, as High-Temperature Strengthening phase, has raising recrystallization temperature simultaneously, suppresses the effect of recrystallize alligatoring, can realize the solution strengthening to aluminium alloy, the resistance toheat of supplementing strengthening and raising aluminium alloy.The content of described ruthenium is 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.13wt%, and more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.10wt%, most preferably is 0.01 ~ 0.05wt%.

High reactivity elemental rhodium (Rh), as complex alloys trace additives, forms Al in alloy ₅rh ₂, Al ₃rh ₂, AlRh ₂etc. multiple dispersivity High-Temperature Strengthening phase; On the other hand, when itself and iron coexist, form Al ₄etc. (RhFe) strengthening phase is distributed in interdendritic, hinders dislocation, stops grain sliding, has effectively improved antifatigue and creep-resistant property under room temperature and the high temperature of alloy, thereby has made aluminium alloy possess good thermotolerance.The content of described rhodium is 0.002 ~ 0.1wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.08wt%, most preferably is 0.01 ~ 0.05wt%.

Palladium (Pd) element adds element as the feature of complex alloys, in melt, can form AlPd ₂, Al ₃pd, Al ₂the multiple High-Temperature Strengthening phase such as Pd, be disperse phase and be distributed in matrix grain boundaries, can put forward volume, the dimensional stability of heavy alloyed room temperature and hot strength and aluminium alloy, and make the compound of Fe become block tendency, reduce the impact of Fe on aluminium base electrical property, and play energy high temperature toughening effect.The content of described palladium is 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.10wt%, more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.08wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.05wt%.

Silver (Ag) element adds element as the feature of complex compound, in aluminium alloy, add after a small amount of silver element, promote the formation of timeliness transition phase, improved the stability of transition phase, improve the aging hardening behavior of aluminium alloy, made the mechanical property of alloy obtain larger raising.The content of described silver is 0.001 ~ 0.1wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.08wt%, and more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.05wt%, most preferably is 0.01 ~ 0.03wt%.

Cadmium (Cd) forms REAl with Al in melt ₂cd ₃, Fe ₃al ₂cd, Al ₃cd, Al ₂cd ₃deng various metals compound, can improve the tensile property of aluminium alloy, and in the high-temperature corrosion-resistance performance of to a certain degree effectively improving aluminium alloy, and there is toughening effect, improve the high-speed stretch performance of alloy, avoid the cracking phenomena in drawing process to occur, improve lumber recovery.The content of described cadmium is 0.002 ~ 0.13wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.10wt%, and more preferably 0.008 ~ 0.08wt%, most preferably is 0.01 ~ 0.05wt%.

Indium (In) adds element as the feature of complex alloys, forms Al in alloy melt ₁₂in ₉, Al ₇in ₈deng Various Complex compound, have and improve the problem of oxidation of alloy in melting, casting, welding, rolling, forging and stamping and extruding heat-processed.The content of described indium is 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.15wt%, more preferably 0.008 ~ 0.12wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.10wt%, most preferably is 0.03 ~ 0.08wt%.

Tin (Sn) adds element as the feature of complex alloys, forms Al in melt ₉sn ₇, Al ₆sn ₅, Al ₅sn ₂, Al ₃sn ₄etc. multiple alloy cpd, form High-Temperature Strengthening phase, improve thermostability and the high-temperature creep resistance of alloy operation, and can effectively improve the corrosion resistance under Alloy At Room Temperature or hot conditions.The content of described tin is 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.05wt%, more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.01wt%.

First antimony (Sb) is dispersoid particle with the high melting compound of aluminium formation in alloy graining process separates out, and the crystalline structure of its particle can be used as heterogeneous nucleus, and a large amount of disperse nucleus impel crystal grain fined, put forward heavy alloyed yield strength.Because aluminum alloy solidification temperature range is wide, segregation tendency is large, and when slow cooling, the nascent rich aluminium α phase dendrite of low melting point is because light specific gravity floats, and dystectic rich iron, magnesium, copper liquid deposit to foundry goods bottom and final set.Solidify latter stage, dendrite forms network, and remaining liquid phase rises owing to soaking crystal face, flows into dendrite with feeding solidification shrinkage, thereby occurs that bottom contracting is empty, the problem of shrinkage porosite, affects the plasticity of alloy.And in aluminium alloy, add after antimony, can form stable multi-element compounds with the aluminium in alloy, iron, magnesium, copper, as Al ₅sb ₄fe etc., the density of these compounds is close with aluminium alloy, in the time of alloy graining, first they separate out, and forms network frame, is suspended in aluminium alloy, inhibition is played in the whereabouts of the floating to rich aluminium phase and rich iron, magnesium, copper phase, thereby the defect that the gravity segregation that has suppressed alloy easily causes lower surface to shrink, makes alloy have superplasticity, is conducive to be drawn into very thin alloy wire.The content of described antimony is 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.28wt%, more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.25wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.20wt%, most preferably is 0.05 ~ 0.15wt%.

Caesium (Cs) element adds element as the feature of complex compound, in alloy melt, can form Al ₂cs ₃, AlCs ₂, AlCs ₅deng complex alloys compound, can form complex compound with Fe, Mg, RE at melt simultaneously, above-mentioned metallic compound disperse is distributed in alloy, can play enough crystal grain thinnings, there is raising alloy strength, improve Alloy Anti fatigue property, increase the effect of the workability of alloy plasticity and enhancing alloy.The content of described caesium is 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, is preferably 0.004 ~ 0.18wt%, more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.15wt%, and more preferably 0.03 ~ 0.12wt%, most preferably is 0.01 ~ 0.10wt%.

Barium (Ba) element adds element as complex compound feature, in melt, can form Al ₁₄ba ₁₃, Al ₁₀ba ₁₂, Al ₇ba ₈, AlBa ₅etc. multiple alloy cpd, there is High-Temperature Strengthening effect, can improve the high temperature creep property of aluminium alloy, above-mentioned alloy cpd can also form dispersion-strengthened phase, the physical strength of the alloy of raising.The content of described barium is 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.05wt%, and more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.03wt%, most preferably is 0.008 ~ 0.01wt%.

Hafnium (Hf) element adds element as complex compound feature, in alloy, can form tiny dispersion-strengthened phase, strengthening effect reaches a high temperature, improve the thermostability of alloy under hot operation, and Ha can form Various Complex alloy cpd with Fe, Cu, Al etc., plays a role for the fatigue resistance and the wear resisting property that improve alloy.The content of described hafnium is 0.001 ~ 0.22wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.20wt%, more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.18wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.15wt%, most preferably is 0.05 ~ 0.10wt%.

Tantalum (Ta) element adds element as the feature of complex compound, in melt, can form Al ₇ta ₉, Al ₇ta ₅, Al ₃ta ₄, Al ₂ta ₃, AlTa ₂etc. High-Temperature Strengthening metallic compound; Above-claimed cpd is disperse phase and is distributed in matrix crystal boundary, puies forward heavy alloyed room temperature and hot strength, and the microlitic structure of above-claimed cpd can increase the plasticity-of alloy, puies forward heavy alloyed workability.The content of described tantalum is 0.002 ~ 0.16wt%, is preferably 0.005 ~ 0.15wt%, more preferably 0.008 ~ 0.12wt%, and more preferably 0.01 ~ 0.10wt%, most preferably is 0.03 ~ 0.08wt%.

Tungsten (W) adds element as the feature of complex alloys, forms Al in alloy ₁₂w, Al ₆w, Al ₄the dispersivity High-Temperature Strengthening phases such as W, it is distributed in matrix crystal boundary, can put forward heavy alloyed hot strength.The content of described tungsten is 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, is preferably 0.003 ~ 0.05wt%, more preferably 0.005 ~ 0.01wt%.

The present invention has added rare earth element in aluminium alloy, described rare earth element can be put forward heavy alloyed electroconductibility, due to rare earth element energy crystal grain thinning, and form stable compound and separate out from crystal with the element such as Fe, Cu in alloy, reduce electrolytical liquidus temperature, ion movement velocity under the effect of electric field is accelerated, reduced concentration overpotential, thereby make the resistivity decreased of aluminium alloy.On the other hand, rare earth element is larger than aluminium with the avidity of the elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, form multiple compounds, thereby rare earth is degasification in alloy, denitrogenation, slag making, neutralization trace low melting point impurity and the clearing machine that changes impurity state, can play good refining effect, make alloy become purer, thereby resistivity is greatly improved, electric conductivity can reach 60%IACS.On the other hand, rare earth element can form dense oxidation film structure, plays fabulous effect for carrying heavy alloyed oxidisability and electrochemical corrosion resistant, has improved the work-ing life of aluminium alloy.In addition, rare earth is surface active element, can concentrate and be distributed on crystal boundary face, reduces pulling force between phase and phase, therefore makes the merit that forms critical size nucleus reduce, and nuclei of crystallization quantity increases, thereby makes grain refining.Secondly, after ageing treatment in melting, high temperature annealing and uniform electric field, Fe forms complicated ferro-aluminum rare earth metal with RE in Al, has improved the antifatigue limit and the yield strength of alloy, increases alloy result of use and work-ing life in actual applications.

Described rare earth elements RE is one or more in lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu), scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y), is preferably one or more in Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Tm and Lu.Wherein, rare earth Pm forms Al in alloy ₁₁pm ₃~ AlPm ₂deng 6 kinds of active metallic compounds; Rare-earth Sm forms Al in alloy ₁₁sm ₄, Al ₃sm, Al ₂sm, AlSm, AlSm ₃isoreactivity metallic compound; Rare earth Eu forms EuAl in alloy ₄, EuAl ₂, EuAl isoreactivity metallic compound; Rare-earth Gd forms Al in alloy ₄gd ~ Al ₁₇gd ₂deng 7 kinds of infusibility metallic compounds; Rare earth Tb forms Al in alloy ₃tb, Al ₂tb, AlTb, AlTb ₂, AlTb ₃deng infusibility active metallic compound; Rare earth Dy forms Al in alloy ₅dy ~ Al ₁₇dy ₂deng 8 kinds of infusibility active metallic compounds; Rare earth Ho forms Al in alloy ₅ho ₃, Al ₃ho, AlHo ₂, AlHo ₃deng infusibility active metallic compound; Rare earth Tm forms Al in alloy ₃tm ₂, Al ₃tm, AlTm, AlTm ₃deng infusibility active metallic compound; Rare earth Lu forms Al in alloy ₇lu ₃, Al ₅lu ₃, Al ₂lu ₃, AlLu ₂, AlLu ₃deng infusibility active metallic compound.Above-mentioned dystectic active metallic compound disperse is distributed in the intergranular and the interdendritic that are netted or skeleton shape, and with matrix mortise, played the effect of strengthening and stable crystal boundary.Meanwhile, also can in and molten metal in the element such as element of Fe, Cu, form dystectic compound or they be uniformly distributed in the whole crystalline structure in interdendritic, eliminated dendritic structure, to improve the over-all properties of alloy material.The content of described rare earth element is 0.01 ~ 3.0wt%, is preferably 0.03 ~ 2.5wt%, and more preferably 0.05 ~ 1.5wt%, most preferably is 0.1 ~ 0.6wt%.

According to the present invention, for the base aluminum in aluminium alloy, can adopt the fine aluminium of industrial Al99.70, make aluminium alloy prepared by the present invention there is the advantages such as raw material supply abundance, cost is low, buying is convenient; Simultaneously aluminium base refined aluminium or the high-purity grade of aluminium of can also adopting is as matrix alloy, and this is aluminium base has higher quality than conventional aluminium sill, and the product being processed into has more advantage at electrical property and mechanical properties.

The invention provides a kind of Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy, described aluminium alloy, taking aluminium as base, has added micro-iron, and aluminium can form Al with iron ₃fe, the Al separating out ₃fe dispersed granules has suppressed the creep strain of alloy, and part Fe also forms AlFeRE compound with RE and separates out, and precipitated phase AlFeRE can strengthen the anti-fatigue performance of alloy and the resistance toheat of hot operation, and rare earth compound precipitated phase can also improve yield strength intensity; Copper forms θ phase with aluminium, has played good effect for the tensile strength and the yield strength that improve aluminium alloy; Vanadium in alloy melt with the element such as Fe, Cu, RE form al-based compound be distributed in aluminium base in, there is High-Temperature Strengthening effect, improve the thermotolerance of aluminium alloy; Barium can form Al in melt ₁₄ba ₁₃, Al ₁₀ba ₁₂, Al ₇ba ₈, AlBa ₅etc. multiple alloy cpd, there is High-Temperature Strengthening effect, improve the high temperature creep property of aluminium alloy; Hafnium forms tiny dispersion-strengthened phase in alloy, and the strengthening effect that reaches a high temperature improves the thermostability of alloy under hot operation; Tungsten forms Al in alloy ₁₂w, Al ₆w, Al ₄the disperse High-Temperature Strengthening phases such as W, are distributed in matrix crystal boundary, put forward heavy alloyed hot strength; Rare earth element is surface active element, can concentrate and be distributed on crystal boundary face, reduces pulling force between phase and phase, thereby makes grain refining.The present invention, by adding Determination of multiple metal elements and the control to constituent content, is conducive to the raising of aluminium alloy over-all properties.

The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy, comprises the following steps:

A) by the raw material casting of following composition, obtain aluminium alloy cast ingot: the Fe of 0.01 ~ 1.6wt%, the Cu of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Mg of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Co of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Be of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Ca of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Zn of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Sr of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Zr of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Li of 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%, the Na of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the K of 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%, the Ti of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the V of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Cr of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, the Mn of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, the Ni of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Ga of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Ge of 0.003 ~ 0.2wt%, the Rb of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Nb of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Mo of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Tc of 0.001 ~ 0.25wt%, the Ru of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Rh of 0.002 ~ 0.1wt%, the Pd of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, the Ag of 0.001 ~ 0.1wt%, the Cd of 0.002 ~ 0.13wt%, the In of 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%, the Sn of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, the Sb of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Cs of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Ba of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, the Hf of 0.001 ~ 0.22wt%, the Ta of 0.002 ~ 0.16wt%, the W of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, the RE of 0.01 ~ 3.0wt%, be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the Si of 0.2wt%, be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the B of 0.8wt% and the aluminium of surplus,

According to the present invention, step a) is casting process, obtain aluminium alloy cast ingot, for various elements are fully melted, be uniformly distributed, as preferred version, above-mentioned casting technique specifically comprises: aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, in closed environment, be heated to 720 ~ 800 DEG C and insulation, after aluminium ingot fusing, add again Fe, Cu, Mg, Co, Be, Ca, Zn, Sr, Zr, Si, B, Li, Na, K, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ga, Ge, Rb, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hf, Ta and W or Al-Fe, Al-Cu, Al-Mg, Al-Co, Al-Be, Al-Ca, Al-Zn, Al-Sr, Al-Zr, Al-Si, Al-B, Al-Li, Al-Na, Al-K, Al-Ti, Al-V, Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Ni, Al-Ga, Al-Ge, Al-Rb, Al-Nb, Al-Mo, Al-Tc, Al-Ru, Al-Rh, Al-Pd, Al-Ag, Al-Cd, Al-In, Al-Sn, Al-Sb, Al-Cs, Al-Ba, Al-Hf, Al-Ta and Al-W master alloy, after stirring, add rare earth elements RE, obtains alloy melt, described alloy melt is added to refining agent, carry out furnace refining, insulation 20 ~ 40min, obtains aluminium alloy, described aluminium alloy, through degasification, slagging-off, is entered to casting machine and casts, obtain aluminium alloy cast ingot.Because aluminium is difficult for scaling loss, and add-on is more, therefore first aluminium is added to smelting furnace, then adds other metallic element.Alloying element of the present invention preferably adopts said sequence to add, and makes, after various element meltings, loss does not occur, and various elements can fully melt simultaneously, are uniformly distributed.

The treatment stage that step b) being homogenizing, the temperature of described homogenizing processing is preferably 450 ~ 550 DEG C, and more preferably 480 DEG C ~ 520 DEG C, the time of described homogenizing processing is preferably 2 ~ 8h, more preferably 3 ~ 6h.Aluminium alloy cast ingot is carried out to homogenizing processing, can ensure that ingot casting is in the process of rolling pole stock, its intensity and ductility have good coupling, thereby avoid adopting traditional way to cause the destruction of material microstructure and further affect processing characteristics.In order to ensure that ingot casting is heated evenly, the weave construction of optimized alloy, avoid alloy in the course of processing due to heat up or the too fast generation that causes internal structure defect of lowering the temperature, the heat-up rate of described homogenizing processing is preferably 3 ~ 8 DEG C/min, more preferably 5 DEG C/min.Aluminium alloy cast ingot is carried out after homogenizing processing, by aluminium alloy cast ingot rolling, obtain aluminium alloy pole stock.

Subsequently aluminium alloy pole stock is heat-treated, first aluminium alloy pole stock is carried out in annealing furnace to anneal at intermittence.Described intermittence, anneal was specially: described aluminium alloy pole stock is heated to 280 ~ 350 DEG C, after insulation 2 ~ 8h, lowers the temperature, temperature is down to 150 ~ 200 DEG C, cooling after insulation 2 ~ 4h.Oxidation at high temperature occurs and cause material to weaken at electrical property and surface corrosion-resistant erosion aspect of performance for fear of aluminum alloy materials, described anneal is preferably carried out under inert atmosphere.The present invention adopts intermittent type substep anneal, and cooling down progressively, the internal stress that this kind of processing mode can be eliminated to produce in mechanical processing process and the damage to microtexture, optimize crystalline structure, recover the electrical property of wire rod, optimize mechanical property, make tensile property, flexility and the anti-fatigue performance aspect of material keep coupling preferably.

Aluminium alloy pole stock is being carried out after anneal, the aluminium alloy pole stock after anneal is being carried out to ageing treatment.Described ageing treatment is preferably to carry out in 5 ~ 15KV/cm uniform electric field in strength of electric field.The temperature of described ageing treatment is preferably 250 ~ 320 DEG C, and more preferably 280 ~ 300 DEG C, the time of described ageing treatment is preferably 4 ~ 20h, and more preferably 8 ~ 15h, most preferably is 10 ~ 13h.On the basis of anneal technology, carry out ageing treatment, can further make up heat conduction inequality in anneal process, cause the feature of the inside and outside performance profile inequality of material or local defect.Can make the performance of whole material reach by ageing treatment and be uniformly distributed, properties overall target reaches all good couplings.Therefore anneal and ageing treatment, both effective combinations, have played vital effect for the optimization of material monolithic performance, and Neither of the two can be dispensed.The present invention preferably carries out ageing treatment in high-intensity uniform electric field, and first aspect has changed arrangement, coupling and the migration of atom, and second aspect has improved the solid solution degree of alloying element, has brought out the homogeneous nucleation of T1 phase, has improved the yield strength of alloy; The sample of homogenizing processing is carried out after ageing treatment, and precipitated phase even dispersion distributes, and the mechanical property of alloy improves greatly; The third aspect, what changed fine crystals tissue separates out form and quantity, makes, in material solid-state phase changes, the orientations such as form, size, distribution occur and is controlled, thereby control the tissue of material, finally obtains good mechanical property and electric property.

The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy, first carry out homogenizing processing by ingot casting, then the aluminium alloy cast ingot of homogenizing processing is rolled into pole stock and puts into again annealing furnace, carry out anneal, in uniform electric field, carry out again ageing treatment, make tensile property, flexility, electrical property, corrosion resistance nature and the anti-fatigue performance aspect of material keep coupling preferably, and the performance of whole material is reached be uniformly distributed, thereby obtain the good aluminium alloy of over-all properties.Aluminum alloy materials of the present invention is by adding multiple alloying element and adopting heat treatment technics, improve greatly the resistance toheat of fine aluminium, make this aluminum alloy materials long-time running temperature at 237 DEG C, creep is less, tensile strength keeps 92% survival rate, ensure that mechanical property changes less under hot operation, anti-fatigue performance has also obtained good raising simultaneously, the number of times of bending repeatedly of aluminium alloy reaches 38 times, can avoid like this loss in various degree occurring in installation process as conductor thread core; And make the snappiness of alloy fairly good by heat treatment technics, cable is installed bending radius at 4.5 times more than the outside diameter of cable, greatly improve the ductility of aluminium alloy, unit elongation exceedes 35%, can easily there is not due to pulling force effect damage phenomenon, and processing characteristics is very good, be applicable to be drawn into the monofilament that filament diameter differs in size more than 0.1mm.

The present invention also provides a kind of power cable, described power cable comprises core, insulation layer, screen layer and protective layer, described core is aluminium alloy, the Fe that described aluminium alloy contains 0.01 ~ 1.6wt%, the Cu of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Mg of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Co of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Be of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Ca of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Zn of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Sr of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Zr of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Li of 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%, the Na of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the K of 0.002 ~ 0.25wt%, the Ti of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the V of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Cr of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, the Mn of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, the Ni of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Ga of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Ge of 0.003 ~ 0.2wt%, the Rb of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Nb of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Mo of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Tc of 0.001 ~ 0.25wt%, the Ru of 0.001 ~ 0.15wt%, the Rh of 0.002 ~ 0.2wt%, the Pd of 0.001 ~ 0.12wt%, the Ag of 0.001 ~ 0.1wt%, the Cd of 0.002 ~ 0.13wt%, the In of 0.003 ~ 0.18wt%, the Sn of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, the Sb of 0.001 ~ 0.3wt%, the Cs of 0.001 ~ 0.2wt%, the Ba of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, the Hf of 0.001 ~ 0.22wt%, the Ta of 0.002 ~ 0.16wt%, the W of 0.001 ~ 0.08wt%, the RE of 0.01 ~ 3.0wt%, be greater than zero Si that is less than or equal to 0.2wt%, be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the B of 0.8wt% and the aluminium of surplus, the preparation method of described aluminium alloy is prepared by the method according to such scheme.Preparation method the present invention of described power cable does not have special restriction, is mode well known to those skilled in the art.

Core using the aluminium alloy in such scheme of the present invention as power cable, can make power cable there is good over-all properties, experimental result shows: aluminium alloy electric conductivity prepared by the present invention is greater than 60%, tensile strength is greater than 137MPa, elongation at break is greater than 35%, and long-time running heat resisting temperature can reach 237 DEG C, and after heat-resisting test run(s), intensity survival rate can reach 92%, 90 degree repeatedly bend number of times and reach 38 times, and the mass loss of 400h corrosion resistance nature is less than 0.8g/m ²hr, minimum bending radius is greater than 4.5 times of outside diameters of cable, and monofilament minimum diameter is greater than 0.1m.

In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, aluminium alloy provided by the invention and preparation method thereof is elaborated, protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

Embodiment 1

(1) aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, heating makes it fusing and insulation at 720 DEG C, and melting process completes in sealed environment; First add Al-Fe, Al-Cu, Al-Mg, Al-Co, Al-Be, Al-Ca, Al-Zn, Zn-Sr, Al-Zr, Al-Si, Al-B, Al-Li, Al-Na, Al-K, Al-Ti, Al-V, Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Ni, Al-Ga, Al-Ge, Al-Rb, Al-Nb, Al-Mo, Al-Tc, Al-Ru, Al-Rh, Al-Pd, Al-Ag, Al-Cd, Al-In, Al-Sn, Al-Sb, Al-Cs, Al-Ba, Al-Hf, Al-Ta and Al-W master alloy, after stirring, add again rare earth RE to stir 20min until stir, leave standstill insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, then leave standstill insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 650 DEG C, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;

(2) speed that aluminium alloy cast ingot step (1) being obtained carries out 5 DEG C/min heats up, and temperature to 450 DEG C is rolled into pole stock after insulation 6h;

(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained carries out anneal under inert atmosphere, is heated to 280 DEG C of insulation 2h, then annealing temperature is down to 150 DEG C of insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature;

(4) in the uniform electric field that pole stock step (3) being obtained is 5kV/cm in strength of electric field, carry out ageing treatment, aging temp is 250 DEG C, and aging time is 4h, obtains aluminium alloy.

The aluminium alloy of preparation is according to the method described above carried out to performance test, and result is referring to table 2.

Embodiment 2

(1) aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, heating makes it fusing and insulation at 740 DEG C, and melting process completes in sealed environment; First add Fe, Cu, Mg, Co, Be, Ca, Zn, Sr, Zr, Si, B, Li, Na, K, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ga, Ge, Rb, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hf, Ta and W, after stirring, add again rare earth RE to stir 20min until stir, leave standstill insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, then leave standstill insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 720 DEG C, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;

(2) speed that aluminium alloy cast ingot step (1) being obtained carries out 3 DEG C/min heats up, and temperature to 550 DEG C is rolled into pole stock after insulation 16h;

(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained carries out anneal under inert atmosphere, is heated to 360 DEG C of insulation 8h, then annealing temperature is down to 200 DEG C of insulation 2h, is cooled to room temperature;

(4) in the uniform electric field that pole stock step (3) being obtained is 15kV/cm in strength of electric field, carry out ageing treatment, aging temp is 320 DEG C, and aging time is 20h, obtains aluminium alloy.

Embodiment 3

(1) aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, heating makes it fusing and insulation at 760 DEG C, and melting process completes in sealed environment; First add Fe, Cu, Mg, Co, Be, Ca, Zn, Sr, Zr, Si, B, Li, Na, K, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ga, Ge, Rb, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hf, Ta and W, after stirring, add again rare earth RE to stir 20min until stir, leave standstill insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, then leave standstill insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 680 DEG C, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;

(2) speed that aluminium alloy cast ingot step (1) being obtained carries out 8 DEG C/min heats up, and temperature to 500 DEG C is rolled into pole stock after insulation 10h;

(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained carries out anneal under inert atmosphere, is heated to 300 DEG C of insulation 4h, then annealing temperature is down to 160 DEG C of insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature;

(4) in the uniform electric field that pole stock step (3) being obtained is 10kV/cm in strength of electric field, carry out ageing treatment, aging temp is 260 DEG C, and aging time is 10h, obtains aluminium alloy.

Embodiment 4

(1) aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, heating makes it fusing and insulation at 780 DEG C, and melting process completes in sealed environment; First add Al-Fe, Al-Cu, Al-Mg, Al-Co, Al-Be, Al-Ca, Al-Zn, Zn-Sr, Al-Zr, Al-Si, Al-B, Al-Li, Al-Na, Al-K, Al-Ti, Al-V, Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Ni, Al-Ga, Al-Ge, Al-Rb, Al-Nb, Al-Mo, Al-Tc, Al-Ru, Al-Rh, Al-Pd, Al-Ag, Al-Cd, Al-In, Al-Sn, Al-Sb, Al-Cs, Al-Ba, Al-Hf, Al-Ta and Al-W master alloy, after stirring, add again rare earth RE to stir 20min until stir, leave standstill insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, then leave standstill insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 750 DEG C, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;

(2) speed that aluminium alloy cast ingot step (1) being obtained carries out 5 DEG C/min heats up, and temperature to 480 DEG C is rolled into pole stock after insulation 8h;

(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained carries out anneal under inert atmosphere, is heated to 350 DEG C of insulation 4h, then annealing temperature is down to 170 DEG C of insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature;

(4) in the uniform electric field that pole stock step (3) being obtained is 12kV/cm in strength of electric field, carry out ageing treatment, aging temp is 260 DEG C, and aging time is 14h, obtains aluminium alloy.

Embodiment 5

(1) aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, heating makes it fusing and insulation at 800 DEG C, and melting process completes in sealed environment; First add Al-Fe, Al-Cu, Al-Mg, Al-Co, Al-Be, Al-Ca, Al-Zn, Zn-Sr, Al-Zr, Al-Si, Al-B, Al-Li, Al-Na, Al-K, Al-Ti, Al-V, Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Ni, Al-Ga, Al-Ge, Al-Rb, Al-Nb, Al-Mo, Al-Tc, Al-Ru, Al-Rh, Al-Pd, Al-Ag, Al-Cd, Al-In, Al-Sn, Al-Sb, Al-Cs, Al-Ba, Al-Hf, Al-Ta and Al-W master alloy, after stirring, add again rare earth RE to stir 20min until stir, leave standstill insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, then leave standstill insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 700 DEG C, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;

(2) speed that aluminium alloy cast ingot step (1) being obtained carries out 6 DEG C/min heats up, and temperature to 490 DEG C is rolled into pole stock after insulation 18h;

(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained carries out anneal under inert atmosphere, is heated to 320 DEG C of insulation 6h, then annealing temperature is down to 190 DEG C of insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature;

(4) in the uniform electric field that pole stock step (3) being obtained is 12kV/cm in strength of electric field, carry out ageing treatment, aging temp is 310 DEG C, and aging time is 16h, obtains aluminium alloy.

Embodiment 6

(1) aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, heating makes it fusing and insulation at 730 DEG C, and melting process completes in sealed environment; First add Al-Fe, Al-Cu, Al-Mg, Al-Co, Al-Be, Al-Ca, Al-Zn, Zn-Sr, Al-Zr, Al-Si, Al-B, Al-Li, Al-Na, Al-K, Al-Ti, Al-V, Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Ni, Al-Ga, Al-Ge, Al-Rb, Al-Nb, Al-Mo, Al-Tc, Al-Ru, Al-Rh, Al-Pd, Al-Ag, Al-Cd, Al-In, Al-Sn, Al-Sb, Al-Cs, Al-Ba, Al-Hf, Al-Ta and Al-W master alloy, after stirring, add again rare earth RE to stir 20min until stir, leave standstill insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, then leave standstill insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 800 DEG C, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;

(2) speed that aluminium alloy cast ingot step (1) being obtained carries out 7 DEG C/min heats up, and temperature to 460 DEG C is rolled into pole stock after insulation 14h;

(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained carries out anneal under inert atmosphere, is heated to 350 DEG C of insulation 7h, then annealing temperature is down to 190 DEG C of insulation 4h, is cooled to room temperature;

(4) in the uniform electric field that pole stock step (3) being obtained is 11kV/cm in strength of electric field, carry out ageing treatment, aging temp is 305 DEG C, and aging time is 18h, obtains aluminium alloy.

Embodiment 7

(1) aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, heating makes it fusing and insulation at 750 DEG C, and melting process completes in sealed environment; First add Fe, Cu, Mg, Co, Be, Ca, Zn, Sr, Zr, Si, B, Li, Na, K, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ga, Ge, Rb, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hf, Ta and W, after stirring, add again rare earth RE to stir 20min until stir, leave standstill insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, then leave standstill insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 720 DEG C, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;

(2) speed that aluminium alloy cast ingot step (1) being obtained carries out 4 DEG C/min heats up, and temperature to 470 DEG C is rolled into pole stock after insulation 12h;

(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained carries out anneal under inert atmosphere, is heated to 340 DEG C of insulation 5h, then annealing temperature is down to 170 DEG C of insulation 4h, is cooled to room temperature;

(4) in the uniform electric field that pole stock step (3) being obtained is 12.5kV/cm in strength of electric field, carry out ageing treatment, aging temp is 315 DEG C, and aging time is 17h, obtains aluminium alloy.

Embodiment 8

(1) aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, heating makes it fusing and insulation at 790 DEG C, and melting process completes in sealed environment; First add Fe, Cu, Mg, Co, Be, Ca, Zn, Sr, Zr, Si, B, Li, Na, K, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ga, Ge, Rb, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hf, Ta and W, after stirring, add again rare earth RE to stir 20min until stir, leave standstill insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, then leave standstill insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 750 DEG C, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;

(2) speed that aluminium alloy cast ingot step (1) being obtained carries out 5 DEG C/min heats up, and 510 DEG C of temperature are rolled into pole stock after insulation 13h;

(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained carries out anneal under inert atmosphere, is heated to 310 DEG C of insulation 5h, then annealing temperature is down to 170 DEG C of insulation 4h, is cooled to room temperature;

(4) in the uniform electric field that pole stock step (3) being obtained is 8kV/cm in strength of electric field, carry out ageing treatment, aging temp is 285 DEG C, and aging time is 14h, obtains aluminium alloy.

Embodiment 9

(1) aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, heating makes it fusing and insulation at 760 DEG C, and melting process completes in sealed environment; First add Al-Fe, Al-Cu, Al-Mg, Al-Co, Al-Be, Al-Ca, Al-Zn, Zn-Sr, Al-Zr, Al-Si, Al-B, Al-Li, Al-Na, Al-K, Al-Ti, Al-V, Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Ni, Al-Ga, Al-Ge, Al-Rb, Al-Nb, Al-Mo, Al-Tc, Al-Ru, Al-Rh, Al-Pd, Al-Ag, Al-Cd, Al-In, Al-Sn, Al-Sb, Al-Cs, Al-Ba, Al-Hf, Al-Ta and Al-W master alloy, after stirring, add again rare earth RE to stir 20min until stir, leave standstill insulation 25min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, then leave standstill insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 690 DEG C, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;

(2) speed that aluminium alloy cast ingot step (1) being obtained carries out 5 DEG C/min heats up, and 480 DEG C of temperature are rolled into pole stock after insulation 14h;

(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained carries out anneal under inert atmosphere, is heated to 340 DEG C of insulation 4h, then annealing temperature is down to 190 DEG C of insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature;

(4) in the uniform electric field that pole stock step (3) being obtained is 11kV/cm in strength of electric field, carry out ageing treatment, aging temp is 295 DEG C, and aging time is 15h, obtains aluminium alloy.

Embodiment 10

(1) aluminium ingot is dropped in smelting furnace, heating makes it fusing and insulation at 740 DEG C, and melting process completes in sealed environment; First add Al-Fe, Al-Cu, Al-Mg, Al-Co, Al-Be, Al-Ca, Al-Zn, Zn-Sr, Al-Zr, Al-Si, Al-B, Al-Li, Al-Na, Al-K, Al-Ti, Al-V, Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Ni, Al-Ga, Al-Ge, Al-Rb, Al-Nb, Al-Mo, Al-Tc, Al-Ru, Al-Rh, Al-Pd, Al-Ag, Al-Cd, Al-In, Al-Sn, Al-Sb, Al-Cs, Al-Ba, Al-Hf, Al-Ta and Al-W master alloy, after stirring, add again rare earth RE to stir 20min until stir, leave standstill insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, then leave standstill insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, leave standstill, temperature adjustment to 800 DEG C, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;

(2) speed that aluminium alloy cast ingot step (1) being obtained carries out 5 DEG C/min heats up, and 530 DEG C of temperature are rolled into pole stock after insulation 15h;

(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained carries out anneal under inert atmosphere, is heated to 340 DEG C of insulation 7h, then annealing temperature is down to 160 DEG C of insulation 3h, is cooled to room temperature;

(4) in the uniform electric field that pole stock step (3) being obtained is 13kV/cm in strength of electric field, carry out ageing treatment, aging temp is 275 DEG C, and aging time is 19h, obtains aluminium alloy.

Comparative example 1

Choose the standard aluminium ingot of 99.7% purity, its impurity silica removal, iron, the outer content of copper are no more than 0.02wt%; Described aluminium ingot is put into molten aluminium stove and melt, add the zirconium of 0.15wt%, copper, the iron of 0.70wt% and the yttrium of 0.25wt% of 0.25wt%, alloying temperature is 750 DEG C; Through homogenizing stirring, refining degasification, slag making, slagging-off, aluminum alloy melt refining temperature is 725 DEG C, with solid insulating covering agent aluminium coating aluminium alloy surface, leaves standstill 60min, carries out stokehold chemical composition analysis, and monitoring, adjustment are with control element content; Aluminium liquid is carried out to continuous casting, obtain aluminium alloy cast bar; Aluminium alloy cast bar is rolled into aluminium alloy rod, and it is 500 DEG C that aluminium alloy cast bar enters to roll temperature, and the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod is 250 DEG C; Aluminium alloy rod is carried out to bracing wire processing, and pull wire speed is 20 meter per seconds, repeatedly, after bracing wire, is drawn into required high-strength heat-resisting aluminum-alloy circle line; Described aluminum alloy round line is carried out to modified thermal treatment, and temperature is 200 DEG C, and the time is 120min, by cooling the aluminum alloy round line after thermal treatment, obtains heat-resisting aluminium alloy circle line.The aluminum alloy round line of preparation is carried out to performance test, and result is referring to table 2.

Comparative example 2

Select eight tons of aluminium ingots, its foreign matter content (except silicon, iron, copper) is no more than 0.02wt%, put into circular aluminum melting furnace fusing, add the zirconium of 0.10wt%, the copper of 0.02wt%, iron, the silicon of 0.20wt% and the rare earth of 0.35wt% of 0.35wt% simultaneously, alloying temperature is 730 DEG C; Through homogenizing stirring, refining degasification, slag making, slagging-off, aluminum alloy melt refining temperature is 725 DEG C, with solid insulating covering agent aluminium coating aluminium alloy surface, leaves standstill 40min, carries out stokehold chemical composition analysis, and monitoring, adjustment are with control element content; Aluminium liquid is carried out to continuous casting, obtain aluminium alloy cast bar; Aluminium alloy cast bar is rolled into aluminium alloy rod, and it is 500 DEG C that aluminium alloy cast bar enters to roll temperature, and the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod is 250 DEG C; Aluminium alloy rod is carried out to bracing wire processing, and pull wire speed is 10 meter per seconds, repeatedly, after bracing wire, is drawn into required high-strength heat-resisting aluminum-alloy circle line; Described aluminum alloy round line is carried out to modified thermal treatment, and temperature is 200 DEG C, and the time is 200min, by cooling the aluminum alloy round line after thermal treatment, obtains heat-resisting aluminium alloy circle line.The aluminum alloy round line of preparation is carried out to performance test, and result is referring to table 2.

Comparative example 3

In shaft furnace, add purity to be greater than the aluminium ingot of 99.70wt%, be warming up to 750 DEG C, make aluminium ingot fusing, temperature is increased to 750 DEG C, add successively the Y of Sc, the 0.33wt% of Ca, the 0.13wt% of Zr, the 0.29wt% of Mg, the 0.13wt% of Cu, the 0.15wt% of Fe, the 0.11wt% of 0.86wt%, the Er of 0.23wt%, it is dissolved completely, and regulate alloying constituent to setting range, alloying element is all to add with the form of aluminium intermediate alloy; At 760 DEG C of insulation 30min, then add the refining agent of 0.15wt%, remove the gred, degasification, and then be cast into aluminum alloy casting; Aluminum alloy casting is imported to milling train, and the temperature that imports milling train is 450 DEG C, and it is 300 DEG C that importing milling train becomes the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod; Aluminium alloy rod is carried out to the cold drawn aluminum alloy line that is processed into 3.0mm, be drawn into aluminum alloy line by 7 and carry out strandedly, be prepared into conductor thread core; Described aluminium alloy conductor is carried out to anneal, and annealing temperature is 370 DEG C, and the time is 12h, stop body of heater heating, then annealing furnace is Sino-Japan so cooling, after 24h, from stove, takes out, and obtains aluminium alloy conductor.The aluminium alloy conductor of preparation is carried out to performance test, and result is referring to table 2.

The component list (wt%) of aluminium alloy prepared by table 1 embodiment

The component list (continued) of aluminium alloy prepared by table 1 embodiment (wt%)

The performance test data table of aluminium alloy prepared by table 2 embodiment and comparative example

The performance test data table (continued) of aluminium alloy prepared by table 2 embodiment and comparative example

By relatively can finding out of table 2, aluminum alloy materials of the present invention has obvious advantage from over-all properties, particularly long-time running heat resisting temperature can reach 237 DEG C, and after heat-resisting test run(s), intensity survival rate can reach 92%, 90 degree repeatedly bend number of times and reach 38 times, minimum bending radius is greater than 4.5 times of outside diameters of cable, and 400h anti-corrosion test mass loss is less than 0.8g/m ²hr, monofilament minimum machining diameter is greater than 0.1mm.

The explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.

To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiment, General Principle as defined herein can, in the situation that not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.

Claims

1. an Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy, comprising:

The Fe of 0.01～1.6wt%; The Cu of 0.001～0.3wt%; The Mg of 0.001～0.3wt%; The Co of 0.001～0.3wt%; The Be of 0.001～0.2wt%; The Ca of 0.001～0.3wt%; The Zn of 0.001～0.2wt%; The Sr of 0.001～0.3wt%; The Zr of 0.001～0.3wt%; The Li of 0.002～0.25wt%; The Na of 0.001～0.2wt%; The K of 0.002～0.25wt%; The Ti of 0.001～0.2wt%; The V of 0.001～0.15wt%; The Cr of 0.001～0.12wt%; The Mn of 0.001～0.12wt%; The Ni of 0.001～0.15wt%; The Ga of 0.001～0.2wt%; The Ge of 0.003～0.2wt%; The Rb of 0.001～0.2wt%; The Nb of 0.001～0.15wt%; The Mo of 0.001～0.2wt%; The Tc of 0.001～0.25wt%; The Ru of 0.001～0.15wt%; The Rh of 0.002～0.1wt%; The Pd of 0.001～0.12wt%; The Ag of 0.001～0.1wt%; The Cd of 0.002～0.13wt%; The In of 0.003～0.18wt%; The Sn of 0.001～0.08wt%; The Sb of 0.001～0.3wt%; The Cs of 0.001～0.2wt%; The Ba of 0.001～0.08wt%; The Hf of 0.001～0.22wt%; The Ta of 0.002～0.16wt%; The W of 0.001～0.08wt%; The RE of 0.01～3.0wt%; Be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the Si of 0.2wt%; Be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the B of 0.8wt%; The aluminium of surplus.

2. aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the Fe of 0.25～0.6wt%.

3. aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the RE of 0.1～0.6wt%.

4. aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the W that comprises 0.005～0.01wt%.

5. a preparation method for Al-Fe-W-RE aluminium alloy, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

A) cast the aluminium alloy cast ingot of following composition: the Fe of 0.01～1.6wt%, the Cu of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Mg of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Co of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Be of 0.001～0.2wt%, the Ca of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Zn of 0.001～0.2wt%, the Sr of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Zr of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Li of 0.002～0.25wt%, the Na of 0.001～0.2wt%, the K of 0.002～0.25wt%, the Ti of 0.001～0.2wt%, the V of 0.001～0.15wt%, the Cr of 0.001～0.12wt%, the Mn of 0.001～0.12wt%, the Ni of 0.001～0.15wt%, the Ga of 0.001～0.2wt%, the Ge of 0.003～0.2wt%, the Rb of 0.001～0.2wt%, the Nb of 0.001～0.15wt%, the Rh of 0.002～0.1wt%, the Mo of 0.001～0.2wt%, the Tc of 0.001～0.25wt%, the Ru of 0.001～0.15wt%, the Pd of 0.001～0.12wt%, the Ag of 0.001～0.1wt%, the Cd of 0.002～0.13wt%, the In of 0.003～0.18wt%, the Sn of 0.001～0.08wt%, the Sb of 0.001～0.3wt%, the Cs of 0.001～0.2wt%, the Ba of 0.001～0.08wt%, the Hf of 0.001～0.22wt%, the Ta of 0.002～0.16wt%, the W of 0.001～0.08wt%, the RE of 0.01～3.0wt%, be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the Si of 0.2wt%, be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the B of 0.8wt% and the aluminium of surplus,

6. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the temperature of described homogenizing processing is 450～550 DEG C, and the time of described homogenizing processing is 6～16h, and the heat-up rate of described homogenizing processing is 3～8 DEG C/min.

7. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described step c) is specially:

The aluminium alloy pole stock that step b) is obtained is heated to 280～350 DEG C, after insulation 2～8h, lowers the temperature, and temperature is down to 150～200 DEG C, cooling after insulation 2～4h.

8. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described ageing treatment is to carry out in 5～15kV/cm uniform electric field in strength of electric field.

9. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the temperature of described ageing treatment is 250～320 DEG C, and the time of described ageing treatment is 4～20h.

10. a power cable, comprises core, insulation layer, screen layer and protective layer, it is characterized in that, described core is aluminium alloy or the prepared aluminium alloy of claim 5～9 any one described in claim 1～4 any one.