CN102976592A - Flat vacuum glass welded by using metal welding material and provided with strip frame edge sealing, and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Flat vacuum glass welded by using metal welding material and provided with strip frame edge sealing, and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102976592A CN102976592A CN2012103740210A CN201210374021A CN102976592A CN 102976592 A CN102976592 A CN 102976592A CN 2012103740210 A CN2012103740210 A CN 2012103740210A CN 201210374021 A CN201210374021 A CN 201210374021A CN 102976592 A CN102976592 A CN 102976592A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Abstract
The present invention relates to a vacuum glass, which is characterized in that peripheries of an upper glass and a lower glass of the vacuum glass comprise edge sealing strip frames, and a metal welding material or an alloy welding material is adopted to integratedly weld the upper glass and the lower glass in a vacuum edge sealing furnace, such that vacuum glass manufacturing is simple, and a sealing effect is ensured through engagement of the upper edge sealing strip frame and the lower edge sealing strip frame. The manufacturing method has characteristics of simple process, low cost, high production efficiency, reliable sealing and good sealing effect. With the technology, large mass manufacturing of the vacuum glass with no gas exhaust port through the one-step method can be achieved. In addition, with the method, the universal vacuum glass can be manufactured, and the tempered vacuum glass can be manufactured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing and manufacturing of vacuum glass, making method of especially a kind of vacuum glass and products thereof.
Background technology
Vacuum glass is a kind of novel energy-conserving, environmentfriendly products, can be widely used in the industrial or agricultural fields such as building window, glass curtain wall, solar product, agricultural greenhouse, refrigerator and refrigerator and the resident's daily living article, be good heat insulation, sound insulation and finishing material.In the making processes of vacuum glass, the structure of edge sealing-in and technology be guarantee that circumference of vacuum glass is indeformable, do not produce the stress that exceeds standard, air tight and keep the gordian technique of toughened glass characteristic.During patent CN94192667.2 " makes the method for vacuum glazing ", edge packing structure is designed to that upper glass is slightly less than lower-glass in two blocks of glass, the low melting glass scolder places on the edge step of two glass formation, glass solder after the fusing is because capillarity flows into two glass gaps, the method is the present edge sealing technology of the most representative and tool practicality, but has the shortcoming that the scolder consumption is large, the edge is uneven, stress is larger; Among patent CN95108228.0 " vacuum flat glass and manufacture method thereof " and the CN96208977.X " vacuum flat glass ", adopt in advance " chamfering " processing of glass plate edge, scolder is placed in the chamfering groove, and the method exists the large and low melting glass scolder of cloth difficulty adding when heat-sealable the easily deficiency of loss; Patent CN02256440.3 " edge packing structure of vacuum glass " is that periphery is put the loss that helps strip of paper used for sealing to stop scolder liquid on lower sheet glass, although the method has solved the problem of the outside loss of scolder liquid, but complex process, help strip of paper used for sealing to take larger space, can not solve the problem that scolder liquid flows to inside glass; The edge bonding method of the vacuum glass that patent CN200620070302.7 " Whole transparent vacuum glass " proposes is to make with glass or make edge band through surface treatment at glass edge, and its shortcoming is that not only cost of manufacture is high nor can limit solder and flow to inside glass for edge band; Patent CN200920314752.X " edge sealing structure of vacuum glass " is that upper sheet glass and/or the substrate glass between upper sheet glass and substrate glass edge is shaped with the geometric form packing groove, although can improve lock packing tack between the sheet glass on substrate glass reaches, but the packing groove of upper lower-glass is difficult to fill up simultaneously lock packing, nor can limit arbitrarily flowing of lock packing; Patent CN201010228110.5 " a kind of method for sealing edge of vacuum glass " puts the glass welding material at vacuum glass raw sheet periphery, the interior impervious barrier that one deck is made of powdery or fibrous material is set in the inboard of glass welding material, it is inner that restriction glass solder liquid flows into vacuum glass, compared with prior art, the method only is to have limited glass solder liquid to flow into vacuum glass inside, fails to overcome other shortcomings.To sum up the main weak point of existing edge bonding method is: the one, and structure and complex process are not suitable for mechanize, automatization and mass production; The 2nd, the difficulty of bleeding in the edge sealing process, need at the bleeding point that arranges on glass, be not suitable for directly bleeding from the limit section of glass.
Existing vacuum glass generally adopts first high temperature edge sealing, vacuumizes, seals at last the multistep production technique of bleeding point, and vacuumizes, seals bleeding point and be mostly that monolithic carries out.
Existing used its sealing temperature of low temperature glass solder of vacuum glass edge sealing generally is not less than 400 ℃, long-time heating glass under this sealing temperature, can make toughened glass occur to anneal phenomenon and become simple glass, so existing production technology is difficult to produce toughened vacuum glass.
For reducing the welding temperature of glass, the present patent application people utilizes low-temperature metal or solder to come glass for bonding in applying for a patent " dull and stereotyped toughened vacuum glass of metal solder and preparation method thereof ", and its shortcoming is that the bonding force of low-temperature metal or solder and glass is relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
Problem for the prior art existence, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vacuum glass and preparation method thereof, not only manufacture craft is simple, cost is low for the method, production efficiency is high, and sealing-in is reliable, good sealing effect, utilize the method can single stage method, preparation in enormous quantities do not have the Novel vacuum glass of bleeding point, the method not only can be made conventional vacuum glass, is particularly suitable for making toughened vacuum glass.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of vacuum glass, it comprises upper glass, lower-glass, described upper glass and described lower-glass are flat glasss, described upper glass and described lower-glass are simple glass or coated glass, the periphery of the face of weld of described upper glass and described lower-glass has the edge band frame, the periphery of described upper glass and described lower-glass welds together by solder, described solder is low melting point metal or solder, there are transition layer or described solder to contain the welding auxiliary material between described solder and the described glass, form the vacuum layer of a sealing between described upper glass and the described lower-glass, in the described vacuum layer upholder is arranged, above support has one deck or two-layer.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of making method of vacuum glass, it comprises:
The first step according to the shape of the vacuum glass of required making and two blocks of sheet glass of size cutting desired size, and is carried out edging, chamfering, cleans, drying treatment;
Second step, the face of weld of the glass after two processing utilizes cryogenic glass powder to print the edge band frame or prints simultaneously edge band frame and upholder, and after guaranteeing upper and lower glass alignment, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass, then after drying, in High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, edge band frame and upholder are carried out high temperature sintering curing;
The 3rd step, the edge band frame place of the glass that second step is obtained prints or spraying transition layer or directly pack between the edge band frame and contain the solder that welds auxiliary material, and described two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, leave bleed-off passage between two glass, then send in the vacuum edge sealing stove;
The 4th step vacuumized and heating operation described vacuum edge sealing stove, was evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, was warming up to more than the melt temperature of solder; If vacuum edge sealing stove has the local heating system, then be heated to a basal temperature by basic heating system first after, restart the local heating system; Reach the edge sealing temperature, solder is fused into liquid, and under the effect of glass self gravitation, upper and lower edge band frame is entrenched togather mutually; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, solder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, the fire door of opening vacuum edge sealing stove obtains required vacuum glass.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of toughened vacuum glass, it comprises upper glass, lower-glass, described upper glass and described lower-glass are flat glasss, and have at least one to be tempering or semi-tempered glass, described upper glass and described lower-glass are simple glass or coated glass, the periphery of the face of weld of described upper glass and described lower-glass has the edge band frame, the periphery of described upper glass and described lower-glass welds together by solder, described solder is low melting point metal or solder, there are transition layer or described solder to contain the welding auxiliary material between described solder and the described glass, form the vacuum layer of a sealing between described upper glass and the described lower-glass, in the described vacuum layer upholder is arranged, above support has one deck or two-layer.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of making method of toughened vacuum glass, it comprises:
The first step according to the shape of the vacuum glass of required making and two blocks of sheet glass of size cutting desired size, and is carried out edging, chamfering, cleans, drying treatment;
Second step, the face of weld of the glass after two processing utilizes cryogenic glass powder to print the edge band frame or prints simultaneously edge band frame and upholder, and after guaranteeing upper and lower glass alignment, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass, then after drying, two blocks of glass are sent into carried out tempering in the annealing furnace and process;
The 3rd step, the edge band frame place of the glass that second step is obtained prints or spraying transition layer or directly pack between the edge band frame and contain the solder that welds auxiliary material, and described two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, leave bleed-off passage between two glass, then send in the vacuum edge sealing stove;
The 4th step vacuumized and heating operation described vacuum edge sealing stove, was evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, was warming up to more than the melt temperature of solder; If vacuum edge sealing stove has the local heating system, then be heated to a basal temperature by basic heating system first after, restart the local heating system; Reach the edge sealing temperature, solder is fused into liquid, and under the effect of glass self gravitation, upper and lower edge band frame is entrenched togather mutually; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, solder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, the fire door of opening vacuum edge sealing stove obtains required vacuum glass.
Wherein, described vacuum glass can also comprise an intermediate glass, and described intermediate glass is clipped between described upper glass and the described lower-glass, and described upper glass and described lower-glass form respectively the vacuum layer of two sealings with described intermediate glass.
Wherein, above support is made by low temperature glass, metal, pottery, glass or plastics, preferred printing cryogenic glass powder or the low temperature glass solder of adopting prepares, and the temperature of fusion of described cryogenic glass powder is 550 ~ 750 ℃, and the temperature of fusion of described low temperature glass solder is 350 ~ 550 ℃.
Wherein, above support be printed on one on glass, or be printed on two on glass, conventional vacuum glass preferably be printed on one on glass, toughened vacuum glass preferably be printed on two on glass.
Wherein, above support is column, or is strip; When upholder is printed on one when on glass, be preferably cylindric; When upholder is printed on two when on glass simultaneously, be preferably strip, and vertical pile.
Wherein, above support can be that minimum unit is the dot matrix arrangement of equilateral triangle, and the leg-of-mutton length of side is about 30～300mm, is preferably 50～150mm; When upholder is strip, its length is 0.3～5.0 mm, be preferably 0.5～2.0 mm, width is 0.1～2.0mm, be preferably 0.2～1.0mm, be 0.1～10.0mm highly, be preferably 0.2～3.0mm, the height of upholder can be higher than the edge band frame height 0～2.0mm, be preferably 0.1～0.5mm; When upholder is cylindric, its diameter is 0.1～3.0mm, be preferably 0.3～2.0mm, be 0.1～5.0 mm highly, be preferably 0.2～3.0mm, two blocks of glass closed sheet rear support thing position spatial altitude 0～0.3 mm, are preferably 0.1～0.2mm about the height of upholder can be higher than.
Wherein, when described upper and lower glass all has the strip upholder, the upholder vertical pile supports, and upholder is in the molten sintering process, and the top becomes circle, the bottom broadens, when connecting, the top of upper lower-glass by upholder still be the some contact, and between upholder and the glass for line or face contact, increased contact area, reduced the tension stress of glass in support place, so can reduce the quantity of upholder, thereby further improve the transparency of glass, heat insulation and sound-proofing properties.
Wherein, described mode of printing comprises the modes such as mould printing, silk screen printing and printer printing; Described mode of printing comprises hardboard (net) printing and soft board (net) printing, and described hardboard (net) mainly is plate, the net that metallic substance is made, and described soft board (net) mainly is plate, the net that organic materials is made.
Wherein, when above support is printed before glass tempering or before the curing of edge band frame, preferably adopt soft board (net) to print; Above support preferably adopts hardboard (net) to print behind glass tempering or edge band frame when printing after solidifying, and hardboard (net) printing can make the top of upholder be on the plane, brings impact on the glass planeness to eliminate the glass tempering distortion; When above support was printed before glass tempering or before the curing of edge band frame, preferred cryogenic glass powder was made; When upholder was printed behind glass tempering or after the curing of edge band frame, preferred low temperature glass solder was made.
Wherein, when above support is printed before glass tempering or before the curing of edge band frame, preferably carrying out mechanical workout behind the tempering or after the curing of edge band frame, such as turning, grinding, polishing or laser sculpture etc., make the top of upholder be on the plane or make its shape size uniform, bring impact on glass planeness or shape to eliminate the glass tempering distortion.
Wherein, the periphery of described upper glass face of weld has an edge band frame at least, and the periphery of described lower-glass face of weld has two edge band frames at least.
Wherein, described edge band frame is made by modes such as printing or sprayings, the preferred silk screen printing cryogenic glass powder that adopts is made, it is 550 ~ 750 ℃ glass glaze that described cryogenic glass powder is preferably commercially available melt temperature, can contain metal-powder in the described cryogenic glass powder, with the welding property of reinforcement with scolder; When described edge band frame prepares, can be once to finish, also can be repeatedly to finish.
Wherein, described mode of printing is to adopt silk screen printing or the methods such as mould printing or printer, and cryogenic glass powder is imprinted on the fin that formation on glass is raised in glass surface.
Wherein, the height of described edge band frame is preferably 0.1～10mm, 0.5～2mm more preferably, and width is preferably 0.2～5mm, more preferably 1～2mm.
Wherein, can leave several aspirating holes on the described edge band frame, namely perpendicular to the edge band frame and along the equally distributed groove of edge band frame or slit, quantity is determined by the girth of upper and lower glass, about 50～the 500mm of spacing is advisable, and can seal described aspirating hole after described solder fusing; Also can not stay aspirating hole, the formed space, rough surface of the solder that utilization applies or the hole of Powdered solder can shorten the time that vacuumizes as the passage that vacuumizes but leave aspirating hole.
Wherein, the edge band frame of described lower-glass is Duoed one than the edge band frame of described upper glass, be that described upper glass contains an edge band frame at least, described lower-glass contains two edge band frames at least, the edge band frame of described upper glass is inserted in the edge band frame of described lower-glass, the edge band frame of described upper and lower glass is entrenched togather mutually, and vacuum layer is carried out labyrinth seal; Described edge band frame when the upper surface of the intermediate glass of the vacuum glass with two vacuum layer, identical with described lower-glass, when the lower surface of described intermediate glass, identical with described upper glass.
Wherein, described solder is low melting point metal or solder, there are transition layer or described solder to contain the welding auxiliary material between described solder and the described glass, the preferred tin of described low melting point metal or solder or tin alloy, zinc or zinc alloy, magnesium or magnesium alloy, its shape or form are paste, Powdered, thread or paper tinsel shape.
Wherein, the melt temperature scope of described low melting point metal or solder is 150～550 ℃, is preferably 280～380 ℃.
Wherein, described solder contains the welding auxiliary material, such as low temperature glass solder, low melting point is inorganic or organic materials etc.
Wherein, between described solder and glass or the edge band frame transition layer is arranged, described transition layer has one deck, two-layer or multilayer, described transition layer mainly is comprised of glass powder, metal powder or other additive such as binding agent etc., such as commercially available silver slurry etc., described transition layer can also form gradient material by the mode of repeatedly printing or spraying, is that main to change gradually metallographic phase into be main by glassy phase, guarantees adhesiveproperties and sealing property between metal and the glass.
Wherein, described transition layer is made by printing or the mode such as spraying, can print or spray once, twice or repeatedly, can be before glass tempering or the edge band frame carry out, also can carry out behind the glass tempering or after the curing of edge band frame before solidifying; Described transition layer contain dystectic metal powder such as aluminium powder appropriate to the occasion before glass tempering or the edge band frame make before solidifying, described transition layer contain low-melting metal powder such as glass putty appropriate to the occasion behind the glass tempering or the edge band frame making after solidifying; When described transition layer prepares before tempering or before the curing of edge band frame, contained glass powder preferred molten temperature is 550 ~ 750 ℃ commercially available glass powder with low melting point, when described transition layer prepared behind tempering or after the curing of edge band frame, contained glass powder preferred molten temperature was 350 ~ 550 ℃ commercially available low temperature glass solder.
Wherein, described upper glass, the material of lower-glass and intermediate glass is simple glass, or toughened glass, or semi-tempered glass, or low emissivity glass, or chilled glass (comprising physical strengthening and chemical enhanced), or heat-reflecting glass, or wire glass, or rolled glass, or hot melt glass, or the combination of above any two or three kinds of glass, more preferably tempering or semi-tempered glass, chilled glass and low emissivity glass further are preferably the combination of tempering or semi-tempered glass and low radiation tempering or semi-tempered glass, the combination of tempering or semi-tempered glass and low radiation chilled glass, the combination of tempering or semi-tempered glass and low emissivity glass.
Wherein, described vacuum edge sealing stove is normal reheating furnace, by the electric heating element heat temperature raising, comprises batch kiln and continuous furnace.
Wherein, described vacuum edge sealing stove is vacuum glass of a sealing-in at every turn, also can sealing-in polylith vacuum glass, namely realize the mass production of vacuum glass.
When the preparation be toughened glass the time, for solving the problem of annealing because welding temperature is too high, vacuum edge sealing stove can have basic heating system and local heating system, the basis heating system can adopt the mode of resistive heating such as nichrome wire, electrothermal tube, hot plate etc., or the mode that adopts circulating air to heat, with vacuum edge sealing furnace interior and glass heats to a basal temperature; The modes such as recycling resistive heating, infrared heating, LASER HEATING, Electromagnetic Heating, microwave heating are that local heating is carried out in the edge sealing position to the periphery of glass, reach the purpose that at short notice solder is heated to melting.
The scope of described basic Heating temperature is preferably 280～320 ℃, and the scope of melt temperature is preferably 380～470 ℃.
Because vacuum edge sealing stove and accessory has basic heating system and local heating system, the temperature of glass edge is rapidly heated to welding temperature, and tempering or semi-tempered glass are under lower basal temperature, in the long period and higher local temperature, in short time phenomenon can not occur significantly to anneal, so can guarantee to obtain tempering or half tempered vacuum glass.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The making method of vacuum glass of the present invention is to utilize edge band frame and solder to finish the making of vacuum glass by printing upholder in vacuum edge sealing stove, vacuum glass upper, the periphery of lower-glass contains the edge band frame, so that the edge sealing of vacuum glass is easier, the mutual chimeric sealing effectiveness of glass under deformation that guaranteed of edge band frame up and down, have the bonding strength higher than solder between edge band frame and the upper lower-glass, sealing surface area and airtight layer thickness between the upper lower-glass have been increased, solved the uneven problem of sealing of existing edge of vacuum glass, sticking power and the adhesion strength of sealing-in have greatly been strengthened, on having increased, the tightness of vacuum layer between the lower-glass, improved the life-span of vacuum glass, and can save and make and the great bleeding point of sealing difficulty, realized that the single stage method mass prepares vacuum glass and toughened vacuum glass.
The introducing of edge band frame not only can limit solder and dissolve rear random flowing, make edge sealing neatly good-looking, and play good supporting role, make solder keep certain thickness, the reinforced seal effect, can provide height space for the upholder of low temperature glass solder preparation, prevent that upholder is crushed, can also eliminate the impact that the glass tempering distortion causes planeness, the more important thing is that its Heating temperature is high, with upper lower-glass more reliable bonding is arranged, surface irregularity, have more firmly with solder and to be combined, thereby improve resistance to air loss and the reliability of vacuum glass.
Adopt the edge band frame, can be easy to utilize low melting point metal or alloy to realize the solder bonding metal of vacuum glass, because the selectable scope of brazing temperature is very large, so not only can wholely heat glass, reduce the cost of process furnace and simplify production technique, and can decrease edge sealing temperature, shorten heat-up time, thereby reduce production costs, enhance productivity, the more important thing is to guarantee tempering or the semi-tempered glass phenomenon of in heat-processed, can not annealing, produce tempering or half tempered vacuum glass.
Make the solder that its melt temperature of cryogenic glass powder of edge band frame is used far above edge sealing, not only low price, performance are good, and with glass better bonding strength are arranged; After the edge band frame of upper lower-glass is mutually chimeric, not only reduced the edge sealing solder consumption, reduced the requirement to the edge sealing solder, and increased air retaining wall thickness, improved the sealing strength of upper lower-glass, the more important thing is to solve the sealing problem that the buckling deformation that produces because of glass brings in toughening process, thereby improve the qualification rate of product.
The mode of employing automatic edge sealing in vacuum edge sealing stove, save and make and very large bleeding point and the extraction pipe of sealing difficulty, simplify technological process, lowered production cost, shortened the production cycle, improved production efficiency, realized vacuum glass especially single stage method, the mass production of tempering or half tempered vacuum glass.
Vacuum glass prepared by this method and tempering or half tempered vacuum glass, good seal performance not only, and can suitability for industrialized production, the productivity of vacuum glass and greatly raising of qualification rate, production cost and selling price are significantly reduced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is vacuum glass structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is strengthened vacuum glass structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the toughened vacuum glass structural representation with two-layer upholder of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the toughened vacuum glass structural representation with two vacuum layer of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1. upper glass, 2. lower-glass, 3. solder, 4. edge band frame, 5. upholder, 6. intermediate glass.
Embodiment
Below adopt embodiment and accompanying drawing to describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, how the utilisation technology means solve technical problem to the present invention whereby, and the implementation procedure of reaching technique effect can fully understand and implements according to this.
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1, vacuum glass is comprised of two blocks of glass up and down, wherein one is low emissivity glass, its making method is as follows: at first according to the shape of made vacuum glass and one flat plate glass and low emissivity glass of size cutting desired size, carry out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, clean, after the drying, utilize spray gun that cryogenic glass powder cream is sprayed on and make the edge band frame on the upper glass, utilize polyester net that cryogenic glass powder cream is printed to edge band frame and upholder at lower-glass, wherein upper glass has two edge band frames, lower-glass has three edge band frames, the size of upper glass edge band frame is between lower-glass edge band frame, after upper lower-glass closes sheet, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass, the width of each edge band frame is 1.5mm, the height of upper glass edge band frame is 0.2mm, the height of lower-glass edge band frame is 0.3mm, upholder is that minimum unit is the dot matrix arrangement of equilateral triangle, the leg-of-mutton length of side is 30mm, upholder is cylindric, and its diameter is 0.5 mm, highly be 0.3mm; Commercially available silver slurry is printed or sprayed to upper lower-glass as transition layer in the position of edge band frame after drying; Secondly two blocks of glass are sent into respectively in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, high temperature action lower seal edge strip frame and the upholder of 550 ~ 650 ℃ of High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatuss soften or melting and glassy bond together, be down to immediately room temperature; If edge band frame or upholder shape in sintering process changes, can make it uniform by mode such as turning, the grinding etc. of mechanical workout; Again fill the brazing metal glass putty between the edge band frame with lower-glass or spread tinfoil paper or the tin silk, two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, and leave bleed-off passage, send in the vacuum edge sealing stove; Vacuumize at last and heating operation, be evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, the melting temperature that is heated to metallic tin is above such as 240 ℃, the metallic tin fusing, the edge band frame of upper glass embeds under action of gravitation between the edge band frame of lower-glass, and the metallic tin of melting with two glass cementations together; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, brazing metal tin hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, opens fire door and obtains required vacuum glass.
The introducing of edge band frame not only can limit solder and dissolve and randomly flow, make edge sealing neatly good-looking afterwards, and play good supporting role, make solder keep certain thickness, reinforced seal effect, the more important thing is that its Heating temperature is high, with upper lower-glass more reliable bonding is arranged, surface irregularity, have more firmly with solder and to be combined, thereby improve resistance to air loss and the reliability of vacuum glass.In addition, the edge band frame also is the key that single stage method prepares vacuum glass.
Sintering rear support thing is carried out mechanical workout can solve not of uniform size, the problem that impact is attractive in appearance that upholder causes because of the variation of volume and shape in the sintering curing process; Increase transition layer and can solve the poor problem of Weldability between glass and the metal.
Embodiment 2: referring to Fig. 1, vacuum glass is comprised of two blocks of glass up and down, two blocks of glass all are common float glasses, its making method is as follows: at first according to the shape of made vacuum glass and two blocks of sheet glass of size cutting desired size, carry out edging, chamfering, clean, after the drying, at upper glass, utilize printing technology that cryogenic glass powder cream is printed to the edge band frame on the lower-glass, wherein upper glass has two edge band frames, lower-glass has three edge band frames, the size of upper glass edge band frame is between lower-glass edge band frame, after upper lower-glass closes sheet, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass, and the width of each edge band frame is 1.2mm, highly be 0.4mm; Secondly two blocks of glass are sent into respectively High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, at the high temperature action lower seal edge strip frame of 550 ~ 650 ℃ of High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatuss and glass sintering together, be down to immediately room temperature, obtain having the upper and lower glass of edge band frame; Adopt low temperature glass solder to print upholder at upper glass, upholder is that minimum unit is that the dot matrix of equilateral triangle is arranged, and the leg-of-mutton length of side is 40mm, and upholder is cylindric, and its diameter is 0.6mm, highly is 0.5mm; And print in the position of edge band frame or slurry that spraying is comprised of low temperature glass solder, zinc powder and binding agent etc. as transition layer; Again fill the brazing metal zinc powder or spread the zinc paper tinsel or the zinc silk between three edge band frames with lower-glass, two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, and leave bleed-off passage, send in the vacuum edge sealing stove; Vacuumize at last and heating operation, after utilizing first basic heating system such as circulating air heating system that the temperature of vacuum edge sealing stove burner hearth is risen to 330 ℃, be evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, open again local heating system such as electrothermal tube with edge band frame place local heating to more than the melting temperature of metallic zinc as 430 ℃, the metallic zinc fusing, the edge band frame of upper glass embeds between the edge band frame of lower-glass under action of gravitation, the metallic zinc of melting with two glass cementations together, the simultaneously softening or melting of upholder and glass cementation is together up and down; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, brazing metal zinc hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, upholder is also opened fire door and is obtained required vacuum glass together with vitrification up and down.
Use low temperature glass solder to make upholder, can soften in the edge sealing process, solidify, upholder is printed on the upper glass, can adapt to well the variation of vacuum layer height under action of gravitation, guarantee upper lower-glass is connected as a single entity, lower-glass is effectively supported; The height of edge band frame control vacuum layer can not occur to make upper lower-glass closed together because upholder is softening.
Embodiment 3: referring to Fig. 2, one is low emissivity glass in two blocks of glass of vacuum glass, another piece is toughened glass or semi-tempered glass, its making method is as follows: at first according to the shape of made vacuum glass and one flat plate glass and low emissivity glass of size cutting desired size, carry out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, clean, after the drying, two printing technologies of utilizing on glass cryogenic glass powder cream is printed to the edge band frame, wherein upper glass has an edge band frame, lower-glass has two edge band frames, the size of upper glass edge band frame is between two edge band frames of lower-glass, after upper lower-glass closes sheet, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between two edge band frames of lower-glass, and the width of each edge band frame is 1.8mm, highly be 0.25mm; Upper lower-glass is printed first or is sprayed the slurry that one deck contains cryogenic glass powder and print or spray the commercially available silver slurry of one deck as transition layer after drying in the position of edge band frame; Secondly upper glass is sent in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, at the high temperature action lower seal edge strip frame of 550 ~ 650 ℃ of High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatuss and glass sintering together, be down to immediately room temperature or be chilled to room temperature and make its reinforcement, obtain having the upper glass of edge band frame; Lower-glass is sent in the annealing furnace, at the high temperature action lower seal edge strip frame of 650 ~ 750 ℃ of annealing furnaces and glass sintering together, carried out immediately wind-cooling reinforcing, obtain tempering or semi-tempered glass; Adopt low temperature glass solder to utilize the woven wire of tensioning or expanded metal lath to print upholder at lower-glass, make the top of upholder in one plane, to eliminate the glass tempering distortion to the impact of planeness, upholder is that minimum unit is the dot matrix arrangement of equilateral triangle, the leg-of-mutton length of side is 50mm, upholder is cylindric, and its diameter is that 0.5mm, center line average are 0.3mm; The fusing point of again packing between two edge band frames with lower-glass is 380 ℃ zinc alloy, zinc alloy be shaped as powder, cream, paper tinsel or silk, and two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, reserve bleed-off passage, send in the vacuum edge sealing stove, vacuum edge sealing stove and accessory has basic heating system and local heating system; Vacuumize at last and heating operation, after utilizing first basic heating system such as electrothermal tube that the basal temperature of burner hearth is risen to 300 ℃, be evacuated to again below the 0.1Pa, recycling local heating system such as far infra-red heater are with more than the temperature local heating to 380 at edge band frame place ℃, reach the melt temperature of zinc alloy, zinc alloy is fused into liquid, the edge band frame of upper glass embeds under action of gravitation between two edge band frames of lower-glass, the zinc alloy scolder of melting with two glass cementations together, the simultaneously softening or melting of upholder and glass cementation is together up and down; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, the zinc alloy scolder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, upholder also is integral with glass sintering up and down, opens fire door and obtains required vacuum glass.
Make the solder that its melt temperature of cryogenic glass powder of edge band frame is used far above edge sealing, not only low price, performance are good, and with glass better bonding strength are arranged; After the edge band frame of upper lower-glass is mutually chimeric, not only reduced the edge sealing solder consumption, reduced the requirement to the edge sealing solder, and increased air retaining wall thickness, improved the sealing strength of upper lower-glass, the more important thing is to solve the sealing problem that the buckling deformation that produces because of glass brings in toughening process, thereby improve the qualification rate of product.
Because vacuum edge sealing stove and accessory has basic heating system and local heating system, the temperature of glass edge is rapidly heated to welding temperature, and tempering or semi-tempered glass are under lower basal temperature, in the long period and higher local temperature, in short time phenomenon can not occur significantly to anneal, so can guarantee to obtain tempering or half tempered vacuum glass.
Utilize hard net (plate) to print upholder, toughened glass that can the Automatic Levelling distortion guarantees the reliability that supports; Use low temperature glass solder to make upholder, in the edge sealing process, can soften, solidify, utilize its slightly high height, guarantee upper lower-glass is connected as a single entity, lower-glass is effectively supported.
Embodiment 4: referring to Fig. 3, two blocks of glass of vacuum glass are toughened glass or semi-tempered glass, wherein one or low emissivity glass, its making method is as follows: at first according to the shape of made vacuum glass and one flat plate glass and low emissivity glass of size cutting desired size, carry out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, clean, after the drying, at two nylon mesh that utilize on glass cryogenic glass powder cream is printed to edge band frame and upholder, wherein upper glass has an edge band frame, lower-glass has two edge band frames, the size of upper glass edge band frame is between two edge band frames of lower-glass, after upper lower-glass closes sheet, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between two edge band frames of lower-glass, and the width of each edge band frame is 2.0mm, highly be 0.8mm; Upholder is that minimum unit is the dot matrix arrangement of equilateral triangle, the leg-of-mutton length of side is 100mm, and upholder is strip, its length be 2 mm, width be 0.3mm, highly for 0.4mm, the upholder of upper lower-glass is orthogonal, and it is crosswise shape that upper lower-glass closes sheet rear support thing overlapping; Secondly two blocks of glass are sent into respectively annealing furnace, soften with glass at the high temperature action lower seal edge strip frame of annealing furnace and upholder and be bonded together, carry out immediately wind-cooling reinforcing, obtain having tempering or the semi-tempered glass of edge band frame and upholder; For eliminating the difference of altitude that causes because of glass tempering, edge band frame and upholder are carried out mechanical workout, make the center line average of edge band frame reduce to 0.2 ~ 0.3mm, the center line average of upholder is reduced to 0.1 ~ 0.2mm, makes the top of edge band frame and upholder separately in one plane; Again fill the brazing metal glass putty or tinfoil paper or the tin silk that are mixed with the welding auxiliary material between two edge band frames with lower-glass, welding auxiliary material such as low temperature glass solder help the welding between metallic tin and the glass, and two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together and leave certain space of bleeding, send in the vacuum edge sealing stove; Vacuumize at last and heating operation, be evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, the melting temperature that is warming up to metallic tin is above such as 300 ℃, metallic tin will melt, the edge band frame of upper glass embeds between the edge band frame of lower-glass under action of gravitation, the metallic tin of melting with two glass cementations together, the upholder of upper lower-glass is in contact with one another, overlappingly be crosswise shape; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, brazing metal tin hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, opens fire door and obtains required vacuum glass.Upper lower-glass all has the strip upholder, the upholder vertical pile supports, upper lower-glass still is the some contact by upholder, and contact for line or face between upholder and the glass, increased contact area, reduced the tension stress of glass in support place, thus the quantity of upholder can be reduced, thus further improve the transparency of glass, heat insulation and sound-proofing properties; By upholder is carried out mechanical workout, eliminated the impact of glass tempering distortion, its top is in the same plane, guaranteed the reliability that supports.
Adopt the double layer support thing not only can make upholder that larger mechanical workout space is arranged, and can be simultaneously the planeness of two blocks of glass be up and down proofreaied and correct, more be conducive to obtain high planeness, make lower-glass obtain more reliable support.
Adopt the edge band frame, can be easy to utilize low melting point metal or alloy to realize the solder bonding metal of vacuum glass, because the selectable scope of brazing temperature is very large, so not only can wholely heat glass, reduce the cost of process furnace and simplify production technique, and can decrease edge sealing temperature, shorten heat-up time, thereby reduce production costs, enhance productivity, the more important thing is to guarantee tempering or the semi-tempered glass phenomenon of in heat-processed, can not annealing.
Embodiment 5: referring to Fig. 3, two blocks of glass are toughened glass or semi-tempered glass, wherein one or low emissivity glass, its making method is as follows: at first according to the shape of made vacuum glass and one flat plate glass and low emissivity glass of size cutting desired size, carry out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, clean, after the drying, two printing technologies of utilizing on glass cryogenic glass powder cream is printed to the edge band frame, wherein upper glass has an edge band frame, lower-glass has two edge band frames, the size of upper glass edge band frame is between lower-glass edge band frame, after upper lower-glass closes sheet, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass, and the width of each edge band frame is 2.5mm, highly be 1.2mm; Secondly two blocks of glass are sent into respectively annealing furnace, at the high temperature action lower seal edge strip frame of annealing furnace and glass sintering together, carry out immediately wind-cooling reinforcing, obtain having tempering or the semi-tempered glass of edge band frame; For eliminating the unfairness of the edge band frame that causes because of the glass tempering distortion, the edge band frame is carried out mechanical workout, by cutting or grinding its top is in the same plane, its center line average is down to 0.3mm; Print simultaneously upholder at upper and lower low temperature glass solder and the woven wire of utilizing on glass, upholder is that minimum unit is the dot matrix arrangement of equilateral triangle, the leg-of-mutton length of side is 80mm, upholder is strip, its length is that 1.2 mm, width are that 0.2mm, center line average are 0.2mm, the top of upholder in one plane, the upholder of upper lower-glass is orthogonal, it is overlapping for crosswise shape that upper lower-glass closes sheet rear support thing; Again will contain the mixture spraying of metallic tin powder and low temperature glass solder or be printed on edge band frame place as transition layer, fill solder tin magnesium alloy powder between the edge band frame with lower-glass or spread tin magnesium alloy paper tinsel or the tin Mg alloy wire, two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, reserve certain bleed-off passage, send in the vacuum edge sealing stove, vacuum edge sealing stove and accessory has basic heating system and local heating system; Vacuumize at last and heating operation, utilize first basic heating system such as circulating air that the temperature of burner hearth is risen to more than 300 ℃, be evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, recycling local heating system such as heating tube are heated to more than the melting temperature of tin magnesium alloy as 350 ℃, the fusing of tin magnesium alloy, the edge band frame of upper glass embeds between the edge band frame of lower-glass under action of gravitation, the tin magnesium alloy of melting with two glass cementations together, the upholder of upper lower-glass is in contact with one another, overlappingly be crosswise shape; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, the tin magnesium alloy hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, up and down upholder and up and down vitrification be integral, open fire door and obtain required vacuum glass.
The edge band frame has the high height of trying one's best at the beginning of preparation, can carry out largely mechanical workout behind glass tempering, solves the problem of its planeness.
Upholder adopts low temperature glass solder to make, and utilizes steel mesh to print, and solves the problem on deformation of toughened glass; Utilize its lower sintering temperature, make it under lower temperature, can soften, solidify, and by means of its slightly high height, upper lower-glass can be bonded together reliably, thereby play effective supporting role.
Warming plate with low temperature wave-sucking performance is installed in the vacuum edge sealing stove burner hearth, warming plate when low temperature inhaling the ripple heating as main, when high temperature take insulation as main.
Embodiment 6: referring to Fig. 4, the upper lower-glass of vacuum glass is toughened glass or semi-tempered glass, intermediate glass is low emissivity glass, its making method is as follows: at first according to the shape of made vacuum glass and two blocks of sheet glass and low emissivity glass of size cutting desired size, carry out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, clean, after the drying, bonding surface at three blocks of glass utilizes the cryogenic glass powder cream that printing technology will contain metallic aluminium powder to be printed to the edge band frame, at the upholder of printing simultaneously on glass up and down, wherein upper glass has an edge band frame, the upper surface of intermediate glass has two edge band frame lower surfaces that an edge band frame is arranged, lower-glass has two edge band frames, the size of top edge band frame is between two following edge band frames, after upper, middle and lower glass closed sheet, top edge band frame can be embedded between two following edge band frames; Secondly two blocks of glass are sent in the annealing furnace up and down, are in the same place with upholder and glassy bond at high temperature action lower seal edge strip frame, carry out immediately tempering, obtain tempering or semi-tempered glass with edge band frame and upholder; Intermediate glass directly advances High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, with edge band frame sintering on intermediate glass; Again first the edge band frame of upper lower-glass and upholder are carried out mechanical workout, tentatively reduce the glass deformation that invar causes and the difference of altitude that causes, with expanded metal lath low temperature glass solder is printed on the edge band frame and upholder after machined again, the top of edge band frame and upholder is located in one plane separately, thoroughly eliminated glass deformation that invar causes to the impact of planeness; Evenly pack between two edge band frames with intermediate glass and lower-glass and contain the metallic zinc scolder that welds auxiliary material, and three glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, keep certain bleed-off passage, send in the vacuum edge sealing stove, vacuum edge sealing stove and accessory has basic heating system and local heating system; Vacuumize at last and heating operation, after utilizing first the basis heating such as nichrome wire the basal temperature of burner hearth to be risen to 300 ℃, be evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, recycling local heating system such as infrared shape well heater are heated to the temperature at edge band frame place more than the melt temperature of metallic zinc scolder as 430 ℃, between two edge band frames below top edge band frame embeds under action of gravitation, the metallic zinc scolder of melting with three glass cementations together, the low temperature glass solder on upholder top is integrated upholder and upper, middle and lower glassy bond; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, the metallic zinc scolder hermetic welds together three blocks of glass, upholder and upper, middle and lower vitrification are integrated, and open fire door and obtain required vacuum glass.
Upholder behind the tempering is carried out after the mechanical workout can solving well the larger problem of toughened glass distortion again with hard wire mark upholder processed.
Can strengthen welding between edge band frame and the brazing metal with adding metal-powder in the edge band frame.
This intellecture property of primary enforcement that all are above-mentioned is not set restriction this product innovation of other forms of enforcement and/or novel method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on product innovation of the present invention.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be the restriction of the present invention being made other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away to any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that above embodiment does, still belongs to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. vacuum glass, it is characterized in that comprising upper glass, lower-glass, described upper glass and described lower-glass are flat glasss, described upper glass and described lower-glass are simple glass or coated glass, the periphery of the face of weld of described upper glass and described lower-glass has the edge band frame, the periphery of described upper glass and described lower-glass welds together by solder, described solder is low melting point metal or solder, there are transition layer or described solder to contain the welding auxiliary material between described solder and the described glass, form the vacuum layer of a sealing between described upper glass and the described lower-glass, in the described vacuum layer upholder is arranged, above support has one deck or two-layer.
2. vacuum glass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described vacuum glass also comprises an intermediate glass, described intermediate glass is clipped between described upper glass and the described lower-glass, and described upper glass and described lower-glass form respectively the vacuum layer of two sealings with described intermediate glass.
3. vacuum glass according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described upper glass and described lower-glass or/and described intermediate glass has at least one to be tempering or semi-tempered glass.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that above support makes before glass tempering or behind the glass tempering.
5. according to claim 1 or 3 described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that described edge band frame or/and upholder carries out mechanical workout after curing.
6. according to claim 1 or 3 described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that the periphery of described upper glass face of weld has an edge band frame at least, the periphery of described lower-glass face of weld has two edge band frames at least.
7. according to claim 1 or 3 described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that described edge band frame or/and upholder uses soft net or hard net to make.
8. according to claim 1 to 7 each described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that described transition layer has one deck, two-layer or multilayer, described transition layer is comprised of glass powder, metal powder and additive.
9. the making method of a vacuum glass, it comprises:
The first step according to the shape of the vacuum glass of required making and two blocks of sheet glass of size cutting desired size, and is carried out edging, chamfering, cleans, drying treatment;
Second step, the face of weld of the glass after two processing utilizes cryogenic glass powder to print the edge band frame or prints simultaneously edge band frame and upholder, and after guaranteeing upper and lower glass alignment, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass, then after drying, in High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus to the edge band frame or/and upholder carries out high temperature sintering solidifies;
The 3rd step, the edge band frame place of the glass that second step is obtained prints or spraying transition layer or directly pack between the edge band frame and contain the solder that welds auxiliary material, and described two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, leave bleed-off passage between two glass, then send in the vacuum edge sealing stove;
The 4th step vacuumized and heating operation described vacuum edge sealing stove, was evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, was warming up to more than the melt temperature of solder; If vacuum edge sealing stove has the local heating system, then be heated to a basal temperature by basic heating system first after, restart the local heating system; Reach the edge sealing temperature, solder is fused into liquid, and under the effect of glass self gravitation, the edge band frame is entrenched togather mutually up and down; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, solder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, the fire door of opening vacuum edge sealing stove obtains required vacuum glass.
10. the making method of a toughened vacuum glass, it comprises:
The first step according to the shape of the vacuum glass of required making and two blocks of sheet glass of size cutting desired size, and is carried out edging, chamfering, cleans, drying treatment;
Second step, the face of weld of the glass after two processing utilizes cryogenic glass powder to print the edge band frame or prints simultaneously edge band frame and upholder, and after guaranteeing upper and lower glass alignment, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass, then after drying, two blocks of glass are sent into carried out tempering in the annealing furnace and process;
The 3rd step, the edge band frame place of the glass that second step is obtained prints or spraying transition layer or directly pack between the edge band frame and contain the solder that welds auxiliary material, and described two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, leave bleed-off passage between two glass, then send in the vacuum edge sealing stove;
The 4th step vacuumized and heating operation described vacuum edge sealing stove, was evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, was warming up to more than the melt temperature of solder; If vacuum edge sealing stove has the local heating system, then be heated to a basal temperature by basic heating system first after, restart the local heating system; Reach the edge sealing temperature, solder is fused into liquid, and under the effect of glass self gravitation, upper and lower edge band frame is entrenched togather mutually; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, solder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, the fire door of opening vacuum edge sealing stove obtains required vacuum glass.
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Application publication date: 20130320 |