CN102976548A - Zero emission district sewage resource treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a zero-discharge residential sewage resource treatment device, and the water quality treated by the device can meet the reuse requirement. The device of the invention is composed of a biochemical treatment system, a physical and chemical treatment system, a disinfection system and a biological deodorization system. The biochemical treatment system consists of a grille, a regulating tank, a lifting pump, and a biological aerated filter tank connected by pipelines in turn. The biological aerated filter is provided with packing, and the packing height is 1-2 meters. The physical and chemical system consists of an intermediate pool, a quartz sand filter and an activated carbon filter. The disinfection system includes a disinfection pool and a chlorine dioxide generator, and the contact time in the disinfection pool is 2 minutes. The odor produced by the sewage in the adjustment pool is collected and then absorbed and degraded by the biological deodorization system. The device of the invention fully utilizes the advantages of the biological treatment process, and at the same time reduces the cost of physical and chemical treatment as much as possible, has simple equipment and low operating cost, and is a practical and feasible technology for sewage treatment and reuse in residential quarters.

Description

A zero-discharge residential sewage resource treatment device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and resource utilization, and in particular relates to a zero-discharge sewage resource treatment device in residential quarters. The treated water quality can meet different reuse requirements.

Background technique

China's per capita water resources are less than 2200m ³ , which is only 1/4 of the world's average level, 20% of that of the United States, and 15% of that of Russia. The country suffers from a water shortage of nearly 40 billion m ³ every year, and more than 400 of the 660 cities in the country are facing water shortages. Urban and industrial water shortages are nearly 6 billion m ³ annually, and agricultural production is reduced by more than 28 billion kilograms of grain every year due to drought. With the rapid advancement of China's industrialization and urbanization process, the phenomenon of water shortage in cities has become more serious. At the same time, with the rapid development of the country's economy, the scale of the city continues to expand around. New building communities have appeared in the fringe areas of many cities and tourist attractions, including hotels, residences, schools, leisure and entertainment facilities, hospitals, etc. Due to the scattered location of the community, if all sewage is treated by urban sewage plants, it will be difficult to collect and transport. If all the sewage in the community is discharged into the ground water body nearby, it will pollute the surrounding environment, especially in some tourist attractions, where the water quality of the ground water body deteriorates, and the surrounding environment The environment is extremely uncoordinated. In addition, community greening, water features, etc. have caused increasing water consumption, making the city's water supply capacity insufficient, and causing my country's water resource crisis to become increasingly serious. In order to alleviate the crisis of water resources, according to the sewage conditions and miscellaneous water requirements of residential quarters, a community sewage treatment station is established, and the sewage treatment reaches the standard and is reused as miscellaneous water in the community. This is to solve the existing sewage discharge pollution and solve the problem of water shortage. effective means

Domestic sewage is a stable water resource. After proper treatment, the domestic sewage in the community can not only provide a new "water source" for areas with scarce water resources, but also play a role in preventing and controlling pollution even in areas with abundant water resources. It can reduce the pressure of urban sewer network and sewage treatment, and has good social and economic benefits.

However, most of the commonly used sewage treatment and reclaimed water preparation methods are to build large-scale sewage treatment plants or sewage treatment devices, but there is a lack of sewage treatment technologies and equipment suitable for communities, parks, buildings and even households.

The residential sewage treatment and reuse process is based on the traditional urban sewage treatment process, and mostly adopts biological treatment + physical and chemical treatment process. For biological treatment units, activated sludge method or biofilm method is usually used. Although these technologies are relatively mature, the activated sludge method has poor adaptability to impact loads, is prone to sludge bulking, has many treatment structures, occupies a large area, and requires infrastructure High investment and operating costs, complicated management, etc., are not suitable for community sewage treatment. The biofilm method has the advantages of anti-shock load, suitable for small and medium water volumes, etc., but its load is low and the investment is high. Among them, biological contact oxidation is the most widely used method. The main advantages are short residence time and easy film formation, especially suitable for equipment. , Buried construction is favored by users, but due to problems in maintenance management and equipment anticorrosion, its application has been limited in recent years. For physical and chemical treatment, coagulation sedimentation + filtration + disinfection are mainly used, which has the advantages of small footprint and low odor, but the operation management is complicated, and the investment and operation costs are high. Although the emerging membrane bioreactor in recent years can save the secondary sedimentation tank and sand filter, the investment cost and operating cost of the membrane bioreactor are relatively high due to the high price of membrane materials. Therefore, it is still necessary to develop cost-effective wastewater treatment and reuse methods.

The present invention aims at the defects and insufficiencies of the commonly used technologies for reclaimed water treatment in residential quarters, as well as the sharp increase in urban water consumption, the reclaimed water reuse amount and the sharp increase in reuse purposes, etc., and integrates the advantages of the activated sludge method and the biofilm method, and proposes a Zero-discharge community sewage resource treatment technology, and on the basis of this technology, develop and invent a zero-discharge community sewage resource treatment device, realize biochemical-physicochemical joint regulation and optimization combination through load matching, and effectively and stably treat community sewage Process and reuse.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to develop a zero-discharge residential sewage resource treatment device. The device has the characteristics of low investment, small occupied area, low operating cost and convenient management, and is suitable for miniaturization, commercialization and finalization.

A zero-discharge residential sewage resource treatment device proposed by the present invention is composed of a biochemical treatment system, a physical and chemical treatment system, a disinfection system and an odor treatment system, and the systems are connected by pipelines.

The biochemical treatment system is composed of a grille, a regulating tank, a lift pump and a biological aerated filter tank which are sequentially connected by pipelines. Among them, the grid and the regulating tank can be built together, and the grid can be placed at the sewage inflow end of the regulating tank. The main function is to remove large suspended solids and solid particles, and adjust the water quality and water quality. A lifting pump is installed in the adjusting tank, which is used to lift the adjusted water to the aerated biological tank. Biological aerated filter is a sewage treatment unit integrating aerobic or anoxic biodegradation and filtration. It has the functions of removing SS, COD, BOD, nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus reduction. It is characterized by the integration of biological oxidation and filtration on the basis of the first-level intensive treatment, saving the secondary sedimentation tank, its large volume load, short hydraulic retention time, low infrastructure investment, good effluent quality, low energy consumption, and low operating costs. Province.

The biochemical system composed of grille, regulating tank and biological aerated filter adopts a buried design, the grille is placed at the sewage inflow end of the regulating tank, and the regulating tank adopts a closed design, and the odor is collected and enters the biological deodorization system.

The biological deodorization system adopts biological filter technology to deodorize, and the gas contact residence time is 30s.

The biological aerated filter is provided with fillers, the packing density is 20%-30% (volume ratio), and the packing height is 1-2 meters. The filler not only acts as a filter, but also adheres to the biofilm on its surface, which can increase the biomass of the system, especially provides an attachment surface for slow-growing nitrifying bacteria, and effectively increases the number of nitrifying bacteria in the system. At the same time, the filler inside the biofilm The anoxic or anaerobic environment provides a suitable growth environment for denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria, thereby improving the nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect of the system.

The physical and chemical system adopts a filtration and adsorption process composed of a quartz sand filter-activated carbon filter, and is composed of an intermediate pool, a quartz sand filter and an activated carbon filter. Among them, the function of the middle pool is mainly a buffering effect. There is a middle lift pump inside. The sewage passes through the quartz sand filter and the activated carbon filter in turn to remove fine suspended solids and some organic matter and then enters the clear water pool. After a short stay, it enters the disinfection system.

The quartz sand filter is preceded by a dosing system, including a dosing unit and a rapid dosing mixing unit. Among them, the dosing unit mainly adds flocculant, which adopts direct dosing. The rapid dispensing mixing unit adopts a mixing tank with a mixer inside, and the rotation speed is 260-300rpm. The dosing pump lifts the liquid medicine from the mixing tank and directly injects it into the water inlet front of the quartz sand filter, and fully mixes with the raw water through the hydraulic mixing of the channel mixer. Mix well.

The disinfection system includes a disinfection tank and a chlorine dioxide generator. The raw water to be disinfected enters the disinfection tank and contacts the chlorine dioxide solution provided by the chlorine dioxide generator for 2 minutes to achieve the purpose of disinfection. The sterilized water can be directly supplied to the user through the variable frequency pump for toilet flushing or miscellaneous purposes.

A small amount of excess sludge, equipment sewage and filter backwash water generated during the operation of the zero-discharge residential sewage resource treatment device are all collected into the regulating pool and into the system to achieve zero discharge.

The load matching relationship formed by the performance optimization of the device of the present invention can realize the joint regulation and optimization combination of biochemical treatment + physical and chemical treatment.

The best working conditions of the system are matched as follows: biological aerated filter: HRT=1.5-2h, BOD ₅ load=3-6 kgBOD ₅ /m ³ /d; quartz sand filtration: filtration rate v=8-12m/ s, activated carbon filtration rate v=8-10m/s, disinfection pool contact time 2min.

Processing device and work process that the present invention proposes are as follows:

Step 1: Residential sewage passes through the biochemical treatment section of the biological aerated filter to remove most of the COD, SS, TN, TP and other pollutants;

Step 2: The effluent from biochemical treatment enters the intermediate pool, is lifted by the lifting pump, and then enters the quartz sand filter and activated carbon filter in turn to further remove pollutants such as SS, COD and TP, and reach the urban miscellaneous water quality standard after disinfection;

The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

1. The present invention is suitable for sewage treatment and reuse in residential quarters. This system gives full play to the advantages of biological treatment processes while reducing physical and chemical treatment costs as much as possible. Because the combined process is less affected by water quality, the equipment is simple, and the operating cost is low, it is a residential sewage treatment and resource recovery device based on the practical and feasible technology of residential sewage treatment and reuse.

2. The invention has high efficiency, energy saving, automatic control, simple operation, convenient maintenance, stable and reliable effluent water quality, and the effluent water can be reused for flushing toilets, watering flowers, fish farming and construction water, etc., especially suitable for water shortage and Water-shortage areas and eco-tourism scenic spots, various small and medium-sized domestic sewage treatment, reclaimed water reuse, energy-saving, water-saving and zero-discharge projects, etc.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a zero-discharge residential sewage resource treatment device according to the present invention. The numbers in the figure represent:

1. Water intake 2. Grille pool 3. Grille 4. Regulating pool

5. Submersible pump 6. Biological aerated filter 7. Intermediate pool 8. Sewage and mud discharge pipe

9. Lifting water pump 10. Quartz sand filter 11. Ozone generator 12. Activated carbon filter

13. Clean water pool 14. Chlorine dioxide generator 15. Disinfection contact pool 16. Outlet pipe

17. Sewage and drainage pipes 18. Filling 19. Odor collection pipes 20. Biological deodorization system

Detailed ways

The combined treatment system includes two parts: a biological treatment system and a physical and chemical treatment system, see Figure 1.

Biological treatment system: it consists of grid pool 2, regulating pool 4 and biological aerated filter 6.

The domestic sewage in the community enters the grid pool 2 after being collected, intercepts and removes large pieces of floating matter through the grid 3, and then enters the adjustment pool 4, and then is lifted into the biological aerated filter tank 6 by the submersible pump 5 installed at the bottom of the adjustment pool 4 , when flowing through the filler 18, fully contact with the microorganisms on the filler, and achieve the purpose of removing organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus according to interception and biochemical action. The treated sewage enters the intermediate pool 7. Lifted by the lifting pump 9, the suspended solids are further removed through the quartz sand filter 10, mixed with the ozone generated by the ozone generator 11, and then enters the activated carbon filter 12 to remove residual organic pollutants, and the effluent meets the water quality requirements of urban miscellaneous water (Water quality of urban miscellaneous water for reuse of urban sewage-GB/T18920-2002), stored in the clear water pool 13, and used for urban miscellaneous use after disinfection.

The odor in the grid pool 2, the regulating pool 3 and the biological aerated filter 6 is collected by the odor collection pipe 19, and then enters the biological deodorization system 20 for treatment and then discharged.

The COD in the sewage entering the system is 150-600mg/L, the TN concentration is 37-55 mg/l, the NH ₃ -N concentration is 36-45 mg/l, and the TP concentration is 5-15mg/l. BOD is 5-8 mg/L, TN concentration is 5-15 mg/l, NH ₃ -N concentration is 0-8 mg/l, TP concentration is 1-5 mg/l, total coliforms <3/L , the pollutant removal effect is remarkable.

Claims (10)

1. the community wastewater processing equipment for recycling of a zero release is characterized in that being comprised of described biochemical treatment system, materialization treatment system, sterilisation system and biological deodorizing system, connects by pipeline between each system:

(1) described biochemical treatment system is connected to form by pipeline successively by grid, equalizing tank, lift pump and BAF.

2.(2) described materialization treatment system is comprised of intermediate pool and activated charcoal filter.

3.(3) described sterilisation system comprises sterilization pool and chlorine dioxide generator, needs the former water of sterilization enter sterilization pool by pipeline, contacts with the ClO 2 solution that chlorine dioxide generator provides, duration of contact, 2min reached sterilisation purpose.

4. the biochemical treatment system that is comprised of grid, equalizing tank and BAF as claimed in claim 1 adopts buried design, and grid places the sewage of the equalizing tank end that becomes a mandarin.

5. be provided with filler in the BAF for the treatment of unit as claimed in claim 1, filler loading height 1-2 rice.

6. establish administration system before the quartz filter for the treatment of unit as claimed in claim 1, add a small amount of flocculation agent and can obtain the more water outlet of high-quality, also can obtain better phosphor-removing effect simultaneously.

7. the administration system for the treatment of unit comprises the dosing unit and the mixed cell that makes up a prescription fast as claimed in claim 1.

8. the dosing unit flocculation agent of mainly annotating wherein adopts directly to add.

9. the mixed cell that makes up a prescription fast adopts mixing pit, in establish stirrer, rotating speed is 260-300rpm, dosing pump promotes the water inlet front end that liquid directly injects quartz filter from mixing pit, and fully is mixed by waterpower mixing effect and the former water of road mixing tank.

Such as claim 1 the processing device adopt long sludge retention time operation, optimum condition is mated as follows: BAF: HRT=1.5-2h, BOD ₅Load=3-6 kgBOD ₅/ m ³/ d; Quartz filter: filtering velocity v=8-12m/s, activated charcoal filter filtering velocity v=8-10m/s, sterilization pool 2min duration of contact.

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