CN102959028A - 高光学品质的双面自粘性产品 - Google Patents
高光学品质的双面自粘性产品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102959028A CN102959028A CN2011800314817A CN201180031481A CN102959028A CN 102959028 A CN102959028 A CN 102959028A CN 2011800314817 A CN2011800314817 A CN 2011800314817A CN 201180031481 A CN201180031481 A CN 201180031481A CN 102959028 A CN102959028 A CN 102959028A
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- sensitive adhesive
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Abstract
本发明涉及双面压敏粘合剂产品,其具有的雾度值(由测试方法B所测量的)为5%或更低,其包括:具有第一表面和第二表面的载体,以及第一压敏粘合剂层,其设置在载体的第一表面上,和第二压敏粘合剂层,其设置在载体的第二表面上,其特征在于,载体具有2.5–500Mpa的弹性模量。
Description
本发明涉及双面压敏粘合剂产品,其具有的雾度值为5%或更低,其包括具有第一表面和第二表面的载体,以及设置在载体的第一表面上的第一压敏粘合剂层,以及设置在载体的第二表面上的第二压敏粘合剂层,其中该载体具有的弹性模量为2.5–500MPa。本发明进一步包括本发明的产品在光学组件的粘接中的用途,即在各种组件(其中,这些组件中的至少一个是透明的并且这些组件是刚性的(例如玻璃)或者是柔性的(例如膜))的粘接中的用途,以及进一步包括制品,该制品包括粘结有本发明的双面压敏粘合剂产品的组件。
现有技术
在光学组件的某些粘接中所具有的结构层间距为多达500μm或以上,该层间距必须利用粘合剂来物理地填充,且不会有任何夹杂空气(airinclusion)的存在。为此目的,原则上可以采用液体粘合剂、粘合剂转移带和具有载体的双面胶带。
液体粘合剂的使用与光学品质的问题有关,以及与粘接的问题(也就是说处理品质本身)有关。例如,在它们的使用期间,有可能形成气泡或者有可能出现收缩,而这将大大地降低光学品质。而且,用液体粘合剂所必需的固化过程复杂化了和延长了粘接操作。
双面自粘胶产品例如粘合剂转移胶带和具有载体的双面胶带的特点是更容易加工和处理。它们在粘接的应用领域中的大益处,在相应的粘合剂的情况下,大约来自产品表面的压敏粘合性和来自所使用的粘合剂不必在施涂之后固化的事实。
现有技术的具有载体的双面胶带(基于它们的特性适用于光学应用),包括刚性的载体材料例如聚酯。因为这样的载体是相对刚性的,所以粘合剂产品的总体顺应能力太低,并且夹杂空气会在过渡区域处从平面发展到凸起区域。当试图使用这些产品来补偿形貌特征(topographical feature)的时候,这些问题会加剧。然而,在起到以物理连接方式来填充特定的施涂空间的作用时,有时对于具有那些特定要求的双面自粘胶产品(此情况下粘合剂产品应该补偿待粘接基材的形貌特征)的负担会提高。在这一连接中,可以提及的待粘接的组件或表面的形貌特征例如为波纹形、粗糙、曲线形、弯曲和任何类型的结构。待补偿的形貌差异可能为几十nm(粗糙)直至几百μm(曲线形、弯曲)。在相对大的形貌差异的情形中,由于通常载体材料的刚性,在所述应用中排除具有载体的常规双面胶带的使用。
待粘结的基材的形貌特征可以由(无载体的)粘合剂转移带来更加有效地进行补偿。已知的粘合剂转移带所能够补偿的形貌差异的区间为几十nm(粗糙)直至约100μm。
然而,具有所述层厚度的合适的粘合剂转移带的可获得性和/或由用来生产所述的粘合剂转移带的方法所导致的光学问题,粘合剂转移带在光学应用中用于补偿直至500μm或更多的相当大形貌差异的用途也受到阻碍。这一厚度的粘合剂转移带通常在没有溶剂的情况下来生产。以此方式不可到达最高光学品质的涂覆结果。此外,使用具有高的层厚度的粘合剂转移带,如果涂布从溶液进行的话,则在它们的加工性能方面将会出现问题。因此,粘合剂转移带在生产操作中的干燥速率与层厚度相关,在高层厚度时将会产生低的干燥速率。此外,在具有高层厚度的粘合剂转移带的进一步处理中,例如,在模切操作中,存在技术困难。其中一个原因是粘合剂部分趋向于渗出的趋势提高。在具有高的层厚度的粘合剂转移带的情况下,也存在侧缘粘性的增加,其又妨碍了加工和进一步处理。
因此,需要提供高光学品质的产品,其一方面当粘接光学组件的时候能够填充结构的层间空间以及补偿形貌差异,且不会有任何夹杂空气的存在,并且另一方面确保了良好的加工品质例如降低的粘合剂渗出趋势和良好的可模切性。
发明
为了解决所述的问题,本发明提出了具有的雾度值为5%或更低的双面压敏粘合剂产品,其包括具有第一表面和第二表面的载体,以及设置在载体的第一表面上的第一压敏粘合剂层,和设置在载体的第二表面上的第二压敏粘合剂层,其中该载体具有的弹性模量为2.5-500MPa。换句话说,本发明涉及用于高质量的光学应用的双面压敏粘合剂产品,其具有载体和设置在该载体的外侧(facing side)上的第一压敏粘合剂层,以及其具有设置在该载体的反向侧上的第二压敏粘合剂层,其中该载体具有所述的弹性模量。该弹性模量(根据试验方法A所测定的)表明了材料抵抗弹性变形的机械阻力。
在本发明的一个优选的实施方案中,本发明的压敏粘合剂产品的载体具有的弹性模量为5-250MPa。在同样优选的实施方案中,本发明的双面压敏粘合剂产品具有的雾度值不超过2%。当本发明的产品的载体的弹性模量位于指定的2.5–500MPa、优选5–250MPa的范围内的时候,顺应给定基材的表面形貌的能力将是非常有利的,并且还结合实现了粘合剂趋向渗出的趋势进一步降低。
对于本发明的产品而言,粘合剂趋向渗出的趋势(在此方面参见测试C)不超过10%。如果渗出率OR(由测试方法C所测量的)高于此水平,则就会有明显的侧缘粘性。
本发明的压敏粘合剂产品的载体可以具有单层或多层结构,因此本发明的压敏粘合剂产品具有至少一个载体层。该至少一个载体层可以由一层材料或者由两层或更多层材料来构建。仅举两个例子,任何此类的多层(multilayeredness)/多层(multi-plyedness)可以是对多种单独的层的层压操作的结果,和/或还可以是共挤出操作的结果。当使用两个或更多个载体层时,在每一种情况下相互朝向的表面,彼此可以直接地接触,或可以经由一个或多个中间层如其它压敏粘合剂层或其他粘合剂层(如热密封层或冷密封层)来连接。本发明的压敏粘合剂产品的载体优选是单层。
双面压敏粘合剂产品的载体具有的层厚度为4μm至1000μm,更优选为25μm至250μm。在本发明的一个实施方案中,使用的载体包括膜,并且使用其他合适的载体材料例如独立的粘弹性涂层或独立的弹性涂层。可以使用超过一个的载体膜,在此情况下,这些膜可以就原材料分类、配制物、化学性能、物理性能、表面处理和/或厚度方面来相互独立地选择。用作载体的膜可以已经是单轴取向的或双轴取向的,或可以按照未取向的状态来使用。
对于材料的选择而言,没有对载体的特别限制,条件是它们确保在本发明的压敏粘合剂产品中,弹性模量为2.5-500Mpa、优选5-250Mpa,和雾度值为5%或更低、优选2%或更低。合适的用于载体的基础材料包括热塑性和非热塑性弹性体,其或者单独符合该弹性模量和该光学性能的标准,或者与任何其它的助剂相结合符合该弹性模量和该光学性能的标准。该弹性体具有高含量的弹性组分。该组分优选是至少80%、优选至少90%,不过在较低含量的弹性组分下,具有粘弹性的特性也是可以的。双面压敏粘合剂产品的弹性组分同样是优选至少80%、非常优选至少90%,不过在较低含量的弹性组分下,具有粘弹性的特性这里再次是可以的。
用于本发明产品的载体的基础材料具有至少一个软化温度低于25℃、优选低于0°C的相,称作弹性体相或软质相。非常优选地,该相存在的量为高于25wt%,并且通过混合或化学引入而成为该至少一个载体层的基础材料的一部分。
能够用于载体中的非热塑性弹性体尤其包括以化学方式交联的(共)聚合物。适当的交联模式包括所有的对于本领域技术人员是已知的用于生产弹性体/橡胶的方法。其例子包括通过在存在于(共)聚合物和交联剂中的官能团之间的反应的共价交联。为此目的,对于开发者可用的方法是在橡胶、涂料、热固性材料、漆料和粘合剂化学中的所有的交联方法。例如,有利地使用多官能(双官能)交联剂分子。这些分子可以是异氰酸酯、环氧化物、硅烷、酸酐、氮丙啶或三聚氰胺。此外,可以使用过氧化物型交联剂和硫化体系。G.Auchter等人表明了一系列的交联方法,这些方法也可有利地用于用于本发明的目的的载体中(G.Auchter等,in Handbook of Pressure-SensitiveAdhesive Technology,D.Satas(编辑),第三版,1999,Satas & Associates,Warwick,第358-470页,并且在本文中援引该文献)。
在非热塑性弹性体之中非常有利的是化学交联的基于(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物的弹性体,其通过选择适当的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体而显示出创造性的低软化温度并且其包括能够与交联剂起化学反应的官能共聚单体。US 3,038,886显示了化学交联的聚丙烯酸酯弹性体的例子,其中丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙基酯进行共聚合。甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙基酯提供有OH基团官能团,通过该官能团来与交联剂(在这种情况下是酸酐)形成共价键。此外,配位(例如,形成多齿型配合物,如金属螯合物)交联模式和离子(例如,形成离子簇)交联模式是有可能的,只要它们具有足够的稳定性就行。也可以的是由辐射所引发的化学交联方法。这些方法尤其包括由紫外线和/或电子束所引发的交联反应。除了(甲基)丙烯酸类共聚单体之外,(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚物还可以包括其他共聚单体,尤其是乙烯基共聚单体。
交联度越高,则所获得的弹性体的弹性模量也越高。因此,根据本发明的目的的要求,可以通过交联度来调节非热塑性弹性体的弹性性能。
作为非热塑性弹性体,使用基于橡胶的材料来用于本发明产品的载体也是有利的,为的是实现所需的弹性性能。虽然也可以将橡胶进行化学交联,但是如果它们的摩尔质量是足够高的话(如许多天然和合成体系的情况),则它们在没有额外交联的情况下也可以使用。该所需的弹性性能在长链橡胶中是由于相互缠绕(interloop)产生或者由于相互缠绕和摩尔质量所引起的结果,这是聚合物特性的(对于方法,以及一系列的聚合物,参见L.J.Fetters等人,Macromolecules,1994,27,4639–4647)。当将橡胶或合成橡胶或从其生产的共混物用作基础材料来用于该至少一个载体层时,则天然橡胶原则上可以选自所有可获得的等级,例如,绉胶(crepe)、RSS、ADS、TSR或CV类型,该选择取决于所需水平的纯度和粘度,并且该一种或多种合成橡胶可以选自无规共聚苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶(SBR)、丁二烯橡胶(BR)、合成聚异戊二烯(IR)、丁基橡胶(IIR)、卤化丁基橡胶(XIIR)、丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)和聚氨酯和/或选自它们的共混物。选择此类材料以用于本发明的产品的载体系统的规格,是与本发明所关心的光学品质的要求相符的。
在不希望受此列表所限制的情况下,能够用于本发明产品的载体的热塑性弹性体的集合包括半结晶聚合物、含离聚物的聚合物、嵌段共聚物和链段共聚物(segmented copolymer)。热塑性弹性体的具体例子是热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)。聚氨酯是以化学方式和/或以物理方式交联的缩聚物,其通常由多元醇和异氰酸酯来合成,并且其通常包括软链段和硬链段。该软链段例如包括聚酯、聚醚、聚碳酸酯(根据本发明,各自优选本质上是脂肪族的),以及多异氰酸酯硬链段。根据各组分的性质和其所使用的比例而可获得的材料,能够有利地用在本发明的目的中。为此目的,对于配方设计师是可用的原材料例如确定在EP 894 841 B1和EP 1 308 492 B1中。发现可以使用来自DuPont的来自Goodrich的MobayUpjohn以及来自Bayer的和也可以使用热塑性聚醚酯弹性体如来自DuPont的来自DSM的来自Eastman的来自Enichem的来自General Electric的来自Celanese的来自Nippon Zeon的来自Elana的和来自Toyobo的此外,可以使用聚酰胺如聚酯酰胺、聚醚酯酰胺、聚碳酸酯酯酰胺(polycarbonateesteramide)和聚醚-嵌段-酰胺,例如,来自Dow Chemical和Atofina。也适合使用的是卤化的聚乙烯基化合物例如特别是软质PVC。此外,可以使用基于离聚物的热塑性弹性体例如如其来自DuPont。选择此类材料以用于本发明的产品的载体系统的规格,是与本发明所关心的光学品质的要求相符的。
此外,能够用于本发明的产品的载体中的热塑性聚合物的具体例子是半结晶聚合物。在这种情况下聚烯烃是特别合适的。优选的聚烯烃由乙烯、丙烯、丁烯和/或己烯(其中在每一种情况下的纯单体能够进行聚合)来制备,或者由上述的单体和其它共聚单体的混合物来制备。通过聚合方法和通过单体的选择,可以控制聚合物膜的物理和机械性能,例如如软化温度和/或拉伸性,和尤其是弹性模量。能够使用的原材料的例子是聚烯烃如乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物(EA)、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物(EMA)、低密度聚乙烯(PE-LD)、线性低密度聚乙烯(PE-LLD)、极低密度线性聚乙烯(PE-VLD)、聚丙烯均聚物(PP-H)和聚丙烯共聚物(PP-C)(抗冲的或无规的)。用于载体的原材料的其它例子是软质聚乙烯弹性体如AffinityTM(Dow Chemical),EngageTM(Dow Chemical),ExactTM(Dex Plastomers),TafmerTM(Mitsui Chemicals);软质聚丙烯共聚物如VistamaxxTM(ExxonMobil),VersifyTM(Dow Chemical),作为无规结构的结果,导致它们具有低熔点;和弹性多相聚烯烃(例如具有嵌段结构),如InfuseTM(Dow Chemical),HifaxTM(Lyondell Basell),AdflexTM(Lyondell Basell)或SoftellTM(LyondellBasell)。
在本发明的一个优选的实施方案中,所使用的载体是市售的拉伸膜或者种类为“保鲜膜”的膜,其或者单独使用,或者与其它膜和/或层结合使用,只要所获得的相应的本发明的产品的载体满足弹性模量的标准并且满足雾度值的要求就行。
能够特别有利地用于载体的热塑性弹性体是嵌段共聚物。此时,各聚合物嵌段彼此共价连接。嵌段连接可以按照线性形式、或按照星形或接枝共聚物变形来存在。有利地可用的嵌段共聚物的一个例子是线性三嵌段共聚物,它的两个端部嵌段(已知为硬嵌段)具有的软化温度为至少40°C,优选至少70°C,并且它的中间嵌段(已知为软嵌段)具有的软化温度为不超过0°C,优选不超过-30°C。同样可以使用更高级的嵌段共聚物例如四嵌段共聚物。在嵌段共聚物中重要的是存在至少两个相同或不同的聚合物嵌段,它们所具有的软化温度在每一种情况下均为至少40°C、优选至少70°C(硬嵌段),并且它们通过至少一个软化温度为不超过0°C、优选不超过-30°C的聚合物嵌段(软嵌段)在聚合物链中彼此分离。聚合物嵌段的例子是聚醚例如如聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚四氢呋喃,聚二烯例如如聚丁二烯或聚异戊二烯,氢化聚二烯例如如聚乙烯-丁烯或聚乙烯-丙烯,聚酯例如如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚己二酸丁二醇酯或聚己二酸己二醇酯,聚碳酸酯,聚己内酯,乙烯基芳族单体的聚合物嵌段例如如聚苯乙烯或聚-α-甲基苯乙烯,聚烷基乙烯基醚,聚乙酸乙烯酯,以及α,β-不饱和酯例如更具体而言是丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯的聚合物嵌段。本领域技术人员知道相应的软化温度。另外,本领域技术人员中也可例如在聚合物手册[J.Brandrup,E.H.Immergut,E.A.Grulke(eds.),Polymer Handbook,1999年第四版,Wiley,New York]中查询它们。聚合物嵌段可以由共聚物组成。
能够特别有利地作为热塑性弹性体用于本发明的产品的载体的嵌段共聚物的具体例子是三嵌段共聚物,其组成为聚苯乙烯末端嵌段和聚异戊二烯或聚丁二烯中间嵌段。这些中间嵌段可以是呈部分或完全氢化的形式。此类材料例如可获自一系列的制造商。示例是来自Kraton的KratonTM,来自Dexco的来自TSRC的来自Polimeri Europa的来自Sinopec的来自LCY的来自Nippon Zeon的来自Dynasol的来自Asahi的来自Kuraray的来自Enchuan的来自JSR的来自Atofina的来自Petroflex的以及来自BASF的和也可以使用由聚苯乙烯末端嵌段和聚异丁烯中间嵌段组成的三嵌段共聚物,其具有的可用的种类为来自Kaneka的还具有大优势的有用的三嵌段共聚物的组成为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯末端嵌段和聚丙烯酸丁酯中间嵌段,其具有的可获得的种类为来自Kuraray的
为了生产载体,本申请可以合适地加入添加剂和其它组分,它们提高了成膜性能、降低了趋向形成结晶链段的趋势、调节了软相和/或硬相的软化温度、和/或有意地增强机械性质或任选地损害机械性质。作为可任选使用的增塑剂,可以使用所有的在自粘胶带的技术中已知的增塑物质。其尤其包括石蜡油和环烷油,(官能化)低聚物如低聚丁二烯和低聚异戊二烯,液体腈橡胶,液体萜烯树脂,植物油和动物脂肪,邻苯二甲酸酯,以及官能化丙烯酸酯。而且,可以使用抗静电剂、防粘连剂、抗氧化剂、光稳定剂和润滑剂(例如参见J.Murphy,The Additives for Plastics Handbook,1996,Elsevier,Oxford,第2-9页)。
与本发明的双面压敏粘合剂产品的载体的设计相关,本发明也同样包含:如在热塑性和非热塑性弹性体中所述的不同类型的交联的组合,以及对于本领域技术人员还已知的其他模式的交联。
在本发明的双面压敏粘合剂产品中,作为用于第一和第二压敏粘合剂层(PSA层)以及任选地用于任何其它PSA层的压敏粘合剂(PSA),对于各种PSA层而言,可以相互独立地采用所有线性、星形、支化、接枝或以别的方式-设计的聚合物,优选均聚物、无规共聚物或嵌段共聚物。聚合物可以以纯的形式或作为与其他助剂和/或其它的聚合物的混合物的形式来获得应用。聚合物混合物可以由不同种类(就组成、结构和/或摩尔质量而言)的聚合物组成。
用于PSA的适合的聚合物的摩尔质量分布的特征在于,重均分子量Mw优选为150000g/mol至5000000g/mol,非常优选为250000g/mol至2000000g/mol。作为重均摩尔质量和数均摩尔质量的商数的多分散性D=Mw/Mn,优选是高于1.5。
也非常合适的是基于具有多峰的、更特别是双峰的分子量分布的(共)聚合物的PSA。多峰的体系在它们的摩尔质量分布上具有两个或更多个最大值。例如,通过调节剂的影响,可以产生短链聚合物,然后例如将其配制成二元聚合物混合物,换句话说,由两种具有不同分子量的聚合物的溶液或分散体组成的混合物。然而,还可以想到的是,在聚合中对分子量分布进行控制,以此方式以使得由该单一聚合所获得的聚合物的特征已经是在分子量分布上具有两个或甚至更大数目的曲线最大值。对于此类聚合物或对于上述聚合物的混合物同义的是,这些最大值中的每个涉及到所谓的聚合物峰。因此,对于两个最大值的情况,分子量分布被说成是双峰的,或者,按照简化的形式,将聚合物称为是双峰的。相应地,具有高于两个最大值的分布在三个最大值的情况下确定为三峰,依此类推。一般来说,在本发明的意义上,当在它们的分子量分布上存在超过一个曲线最大值的时候,则将聚合物称为是多峰的。
在使用基于具有多峰分子量分布的(共)聚合物的PSA的条件下,至少一个聚合物峰的、优选最长链聚合物峰的摩尔质量Mp,是至少500000g/mol、优选至少1000000g/mol。应当指出,在本公开中所述的分子量表示那些通过凝胶渗透色谱法测定所获得的分子量。根据该方法,将溶解的所述(共)聚合物样品根据它们的流体力学体积来分离,和所获得的级分用时间偏移来检测。各级分的分子量在使用聚苯乙烯标准物校准之后进行报道。数均Mn对应于分子量分布的第一时刻,重均Mw对应于第二时刻。这些值用算术方法从测量曲线中来确定。在聚合物峰i的分布Mp(i)的局部最大值同样地或者借助于评价软件来以数学方式测定,或以图形方式进行测定。
而且,对于软化温度,优选的是低于20°C,优选低于0°C。在本文中,对于无定形体系,软化温度是指准静态的玻璃化转变温度,而对于半结晶体系,是指熔融温度,其例如可以通过差示扫描量热法测量来测定。对于软化温度,当给出数值时,则在无定形体系的情形中它们涉及玻璃化阶段的中点温度,和在半结晶体系的情形中涉及在相转变过程中在最大的温度变化速率处的温度。
作为压敏粘合剂(PSA),可以使用所有的对于本领域技术人员是已知的PSA,更具体而言基于丙烯酸酯、基于天然橡胶、基于合成橡胶、基于有机硅或基于乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯的体系。根据本发明也能够使用这些体系的组合。
使用基于丙烯酸酯的PSA是非常优选的。虽然不希望承担任何限制,但是在本发明的意义上有利的示例可以提及,基于非官能化的α,β-不饱和酯的无规共聚物,以及基于非官能化的烷基乙烯基醚的无规共聚物。优选的是使用α,β-不饱和羧酸和它们的衍生物,其具有以下一般结构
CH2=C(R1)(COOR2) (I),
其中R1表示H或CH3和R2表示H或线性、支化或环状的饱和或不饱和的烷基基团,其具有1到30个、更具体而言具有4到18个碳原子。
在一般结构(I)的意义上的非常优选使用的单体包括丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯,其中烷基基团包括4到18个C原子。不希望通过这一叙述来施加任何限制,此类化合物的具体例子是丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸正戊基酯、丙烯酸正己基酯、丙烯酸正庚基酯、丙烯酸正辛基酯、丙烯酸正壬基酯、丙烯酸月桂基酯、丙烯酸硬脂基酯、甲基丙烯酸硬脂基酯,它们的支化异构体,例如如丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯和丙烯酸异辛酯,以及环状单体,例如如丙烯酸环己酯或丙烯酸降冰片基酯和丙烯酸异冰片酯。
同样可使用的单体是包括芳族基团的丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯,例如如丙烯酸苯基酯、丙烯酸苄基酯、丙烯酸苯偶姻酯、甲基丙烯酸苯基酯、甲基丙烯酸苄基酯或甲基丙烯酸苯偶姻酯。
此外,可以任选地使用乙烯基单体,其选自下列组:乙烯基酯、乙烯基醚、乙烯基卤化物、偏二卤乙烯以及在α-位上包括芳族环或杂环的乙烯基化合物。根据本发明可以使用的所选择的单体,对于任选可使用的乙烯基单体而言,例如可以提及:乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯基甲酰胺、乙烯基吡啶、乙基乙烯基醚、2-乙基己基乙烯基醚、丁基乙烯基醚、氯乙烯、偏二氯乙烯、丙烯腈、苯乙烯和α-甲基苯乙烯。
根据本发明能够使用的用于PSA的另外的单体是甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、烯丙基缩水甘油醚、甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙基酯、丙烯酸2-羟乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸3-羟基丙基酯、丙烯酸3-羟基丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸4-羟基丁基酯、丙烯酸4-羟基丁基酯、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、衣康酸及其酯、巴豆酸及其酯、马来酸及其酯、富马酸及其酯、马来酸酐、甲基丙烯酰胺和N-烷基化衍生物、丙烯酰胺和N-烷基化衍生物、N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、乙烯醇、2-羟乙基乙烯基醚、3-羟丙基乙烯基醚和4-羟基丁基乙烯基醚。
对于橡胶或合成橡胶作为PSA起始材料的情况,存在进一步可能的变化,例如,来自天然橡胶或合成橡胶的集合,或来自天然橡胶和/或合成橡胶的任何所需的共混物,对于一种或多种天然橡胶而言,可以原则上选自所有可获得的等级例如如绉胶(crepe)、RSS、ADS、TSR或CV类型,这取决于所需的纯度水平和粘度水平,以及对于一种或多种合成橡胶而言,其选自无规共聚苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶(SBR)、丁二烯橡胶(BR)、合成聚异戊二烯(IR)、丁基橡胶(IIR)、卤化丁基橡胶(XIIR)、丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)和聚氨酯,和/或它们的共混物。
此外,对于橡胶而言,可以将其优选用热塑性弹性体进行混合来用于改进它们的加工性能,其中热塑性弹性体的重量分数为10%到50wt%,基于PSA所使用的总弹性体部份计。在这一点上可以提及的代表具体是特别相容型的聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯(SIS)和聚苯乙烯-聚丁二烯-聚苯乙烯(SBS)。
在本发明的意义上也能够优选使用基于有机硅的PSA。其中使用的PSA基于缩合交联的有机硅,它们更具体而言包括以下确定的组分:
a)羟基官能化的有机基聚硅氧烷,其包括至少一个二有机基硅氧烷单元,
b)具有下式的有机基聚硅氧烷树脂:(R1 3SiO1/2)x(SiO4/2)1,其中R1是取代的或未取代的一价烃基、氢原子或羟基基团,和x是0.5至1.2的数,
c)任选的稳定剂,
d)任选的引发剂。
这一类型的有机硅PSA是自由市售的。在这一点上可以提及的示例包括下列:来自Dow Corning的DC 280、DC 282、Q2-7735、DC 7358、Q2-7406,来自Momentive Performance Materials的PSA 750、PSA 518、PSA 910、PSA6574,来自ShinEtsu的KRT 001、KRT 002、KRT 003,来自Wacker Silicones的PSA 45559,以及来自BlueStar Silicones的PSA 400和PSA 401。
另外用作PSA的是基于加成交联的有机硅的那些,该加成交联的聚硅氧烷包含如下确认的组分:
a)有机聚硅氧烷,在各分子上包括至少一个二有机基硅氧烷单元并且携带至少两个硅键合的烯基基团,
b)有机聚硅氧烷树脂,其具有式:(R1 3SiO1/2)x(SiO4/2)1,其中R1是取代的或未取代的单价烃基团、氢原子或羟基基团和x为0.5至1.2之间的数,
c)有机聚硅氧烷,其在各分子上平均携带至少两个硅键合的氢原子,硅键合的氢原子的量使得相对于组分a)、b)和e)的每摩尔总烯基基团,存在0.01到10摩尔的硅键合的氢原子,并且不含烯健式双键,
d)有机金属催化剂,其来自元素周期表的第10族,和
e)任选的抑制剂。
此种类的聚硅氧烷PSA是可自由商业利用的。这里可以提及的例子包括以下:来自Dow Corning的DC 7657和DC 2013以及来自ShinEtsu的KR 3700和KR 3701。
为了获得所需的粘合剂性能,所述的有机硅配制物混合有所谓的MQ树脂,其具有式(R1 3SiO1/2)x(SiO4/2)1。在其中的M单元由(R1 3SiO1/2)单元来表示,Q单元由(SiO4/2)单元来表示。R1各自独立地表示单价的饱和烃基团、单价的不饱和的烃基团、单价的卤化烃基团、氢原子或者羟基基团。M单元与Q单元之比(M:Q)优选是0.5至1.2。
MQ树脂有利地是具有的重均分子量Mw是500g/mol≤Mw≤100000g/mol、优选1000g/mol≤Mw≤25000g/mol的那些。
有利地使用这样的粘合剂,其中聚二有机基硅氧烷与MQ树脂的比率(根据wt%)为20:80至80:20,优选为30:70至60:40。
此种类MQ树脂是可自由商购的。这里可以提及的例子包括以下:来自Dow Corning的SL 160、SL 200和DC 2-7066,来自Momentive PerformanceMaterials的SR 545、SR 1000和6031 SL,以及来自Wacker的CRA 17、CRA 42和MQ-Harz 803。
除树脂改性之外,向基于有机硅的PSA中添加其它添加剂也是可以的。可以运用的其它添加剂包括以下:
·生产工艺中的稳定剂,例如作为用于铂催化剂的抑制剂的乙烯基硅烷或者炔醇
·工艺促进剂例如氨基有机物(aminoorganyl)
·填料,例如,二氧化硅、玻璃(粉碎或呈珠粒的形式)、氧化铝或者氧化锌,填料更具体而言是非常精细研磨的或以别的方式制备以使得它们在光学上是不可见的
·任选的其他聚合物,其优选本质上是弹性的;因此,可以使用的弹性体尤其包括,基于纯烃的那些,例子是不饱和的聚二烯,例如天然或合成地生产的聚异戊二烯或聚丁二烯;基本上化学饱和的弹性体,例如饱和的乙烯丙烯共聚物,α-烯烃共聚物,聚异丁烯,丁基橡胶,乙烯丙烯橡胶以及化学官能化的烃例如含卤素的聚烯烃、含丙烯酸酯的聚烯烃或者含乙烯基醚的聚烯烃,略举数例
·增塑剂,例如液体树脂、增塑剂油或者低分子量液体聚合物,该低分子量液体聚合物例如低分子量硅油,该低分子量硅油具有的摩尔质量<1500g/mol(数均)。
为了实现充足的内聚性,缩合交联的有机硅PSA优选配制有过氧引发剂。为此目的,特别优选使用过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)。过氧引发剂所使用的更具体的量按重量计为0.2wt%至5wt%,基于有机硅粘合剂的固体含量。为了得到在内聚性和粘合性之间的合理的平衡,更具体而言选择的BPO含量按重量计为0.5%到2%。当粘合剂由溶剂来施涂时,首先选择的温度为70-90°C,并持续至少两分钟,为了让溶剂能够蒸发掉。随后将温度设置在170-180°C持续至少两分钟,这是为了引发过氧化物的分解,并因此进行交联的工艺。
对于加成交联有机硅粘合剂,实现足够的内聚性,更具体而言是由在烯基官能化的有机基聚硅氧烷和相应的SiH官能化的有机基聚硅氧烷之间的铂催化的氢化硅烷化反应来完成的。在这种情况下,在从溶液涂覆时,溶剂首先在70-90°C的温度去除和停留时间为至少两分钟。随后,温度上升到100-120°C并保持恒定直至两分钟。
除了有机硅PSA的常规方式交联之外,通过过氧化物或过渡金属催化,对于这些粘合剂,也可以通过光化辐射特别是电子束来进行交联。在这种情况下,在从溶液涂覆时,溶剂首先在70-90°C的温度去除和停留时间为至少两分钟。之后使用至少10kGy的电子束剂量进行交联。此类型的交联是特别有利的,因为其允许内聚性能够几乎无限地进行设置,且不会有害地影响初粘性(tack)和粘合性。
作为可以任选使用的增塑剂,可以使用自粘胶带技术知道的所有增塑物质。这些物质尤其包括,石蜡油和环烷油、(官能化的)低聚物例如低聚丁二烯和低聚异戊二烯、液体腈橡胶、液体萜烯树脂、植物油和动物脂肪、邻苯二甲酸酯和官能化的丙烯酸酯。而且,如上所示的PSA可以包括除了所述任选的增塑剂以外的额外成分,例如具有流变活性的添加剂,催化剂,引发剂,稳定剂,相容剂,偶联剂,交联剂,抗氧化剂,其他老化抑制剂,光稳定剂,阻燃剂,颜料,染料,填料和/或膨胀剂,以及任选的溶剂。
作为可以任选使用的增粘树脂,可以以与所述的粘合剂基础聚合物和其他粘合剂基础聚合物或基础聚合物的混合物结合的方式,没有例外地使用所有已知的在文献中描述的增粘树脂。可以提及的代表是松香,松香的歧化、氢化、聚合和酯化的衍生物和/或盐,脂肪族和芳族烃树脂,萜烯树脂和萜烯酚醛树脂。可以使用这些和其它树脂的任何期望的组合,以便根据各种要求来调节所获得的粘合剂的性能。同样可以使用其他聚合物,特别是可以根据要求来调节软质相和/或任何硬质相的性能来使用其他聚合物。例如,通过添加硬嵌段相容的(hard-block-compatible)树脂/聚合物,可以整体上提高在混合物中的硬质相的比例。
以上表明的种类的PSA可以进一步包括另外的成分:例如具有流变活性的添加剂,催化剂,引发剂,稳定剂,相容剂,偶联剂,交联剂,抗氧化剂,其他老化抑制剂,光稳定剂,阻燃剂,颜料,染料,填料和/或膨胀剂,以及,任选的溶剂。
在本发明的一个具体实施方案中,本发明的双面压敏粘合剂产品的不同的层,通过选择配制成分和/或通过选择各成分的组成来互相协调,换句话说,在最简单的实施方案中,通过载体、第一PSA层和第二PSA层的选择,以此方式以使得各层的折射率彼此的差值尽可能少。在互相接触的层之间的折射率的差值越小,则通过界面的反射的透射光的损失越低。低于0.1、更具体而言低于0.01的折射率差值是有利的,并且该折射率差值可以通过压敏粘合剂层(其基于脂肪族种类的丙烯酸酯共聚物)的选择和载体层(其同样基于脂肪族种类的丙烯酸酯共聚物)的选择来实现,这仅仅是给出的一个非限制性的举例。
为了保护压敏粘合剂表面免受污染和不需要的过早的接合,该保护直到使用的时间为止,它们典型地临时地衬有可拆卸的辅助载体材料,将其称为防粘衬垫。当双面压敏粘合剂产品是以片材产品的形式时,则防粘衬垫材料的片材用来给底面加衬,以及第二个这样的片材用来给顶面加衬。当将双面压敏粘合剂产品转化成卷形式时,则同样可以使用两个防粘衬垫材料、或者使用一个片材,该一个片材在它的前面和反面上制备,以此方式以使得在应用该自粘胶产品时,它可以首先从一个压敏粘合剂表面上分开和随后从第二个压敏粘合剂表面上分开。
因此,本发明的双面压敏粘合剂产品携带第一和第二防粘层以及布置在它们之间的组合件和其包括至少一个载体层和两个压敏粘合剂层。当防粘层是不同的防粘衬垫组成的防粘层时,则所使用的衬里(liner)在形状和/或大小上可以不同。例如,一个防粘衬垫在它的尺寸上可以突出超出自粘胶组合件和另一防粘衬垫。同样可以想象的是这样的产品结构,其中防粘衬垫具有相同形状和/或大小并且在形状和/或大小上突出超出自粘胶组合件。在一个实施方案中,双面压敏粘合剂产品可以以对应于标签幅(label web)的形式来设计。因此,例如,第一防粘衬垫可以以幅形式进行设计,而将自粘胶组合件以重复区段的形式(相似于标签形状)来施涂到其上,这些重复区段例如通过模切来进行个体化。然后,第二防粘衬垫可以同样仅仅限制到自粘胶组合件的区域中的重复区段上,或者其形状和/或大小可以基本上对应于第一防粘衬垫的形状和/或大小。然而,在后一种情况下,在一个有利的实施方案中,在PSA面积区域中的第二防粘衬垫上设置模切。
通常,防粘衬垫包括载体膜,该载体膜由在一面或双面上装备有防粘清漆(其优选基于有机硅)。本发明的一种优选的实施方案使用聚烯烃作为防粘衬垫的载体材料。优选的聚烯烃是从乙烯、丙烯、丁烯和/或己烯制备的,在各情况下都可以聚合纯单体或可以共聚所述单体的混合物。通过聚合工艺和通过单体的选择,可以控制聚合物膜的物理和机械性能,例如软化温度和/或拉伸强度。本发明的一个特别优选的实施方案使用基于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的聚酯来作为防粘衬垫的载体材料。尤其可以使用特定的高透明度PET膜。因此,例如,适合的拥有的膜来自Mitsubishi(具有的商品名为HostaphanTM),或来自Toray(具有的商品名为LumirrorTM)或来自DuPontTeijin(具有的商品名为MelinexTM)。
此外,各种纸,也任选地与稳定的挤出涂层结合,适合作为防粘衬垫的载体材料。所有所述防粘衬垫通过一个或多个涂布过程(coating pass)来获取它们的抗粘性能,例如且优选地,使用基于有机硅的防粘剂。涂覆可以在一面或双面上进行。
而且,防粘衬垫可以携带氟硅化物来作为防粘介质。更具体而言,这对于对基于有机硅的PSA层进行加衬(lineing)是有利的。除氟-有机硅体系以外,在防粘衬垫上氟化烃的涂层也预期是优选的。
在本发明的意义上,原则上可以使用本领域技术人员所熟悉的所有设定防粘层的防粘性能的方法。控制可能性的汇编由Satas、Kinning和Jones进行整理:[D.Satas的"Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesives Technology",D.Satas(编辑),第三版,1999,Satas & Associates,Warwick,第632-651页;D.J.Kinning,H.M.Schneider的"Adhesion Science and Engineering-卷2:Surfaces,Chemistry & Applications".M.Chaudhury,A.V.Pocius(编辑),2002,Elsevier,Amsterdam,第535-571页;D.Jones,Y.A.Peters的“Handbook ofPressure Sensitive Adhesives Technology",D.Satas(编辑),第三版,1999,Satas& Associates,Warwick,第652-683页]。这在双面防粘衬垫的情况下或在具有两个防粘衬垫的产品设计的情况下是重要的。为了良好的处理性能,两个防粘层的释放力一定要是合格的。
用于本发明的方法的双面压敏粘合剂产品是双面胶带、标签或者片材。
至少一个第一压敏粘合剂层和至少一个第二压敏粘合剂层和任何所需的另外压敏粘合剂层的涂覆量可以彼此独立地选择。它们为1g/m2至500g/m2,更具体而言为10g/m2至250g/m2。
如果使用超过一个压敏粘合剂层,则基于化学性质、配方和/或交联状态,这些层可以是相同或不同的。作为不同类型PSA的组合的例子(其在双面压敏粘合剂产品中可以进行结合),可以提及包括基于丙烯酸酯的压敏粘合剂层和基于有机硅的压敏粘合剂层的体系。
当使用两个防粘衬垫来进行加衬时,它们的厚度可以是相同或不同的。优选使用的两个防粘衬垫具有不同的厚度。对于双面压敏粘合剂产品的生产,其中非常优选的是,将与目标基材首先进行结合的压敏粘合剂层,在涂覆和干燥以后,用较薄的防粘衬垫来加衬。在此情景中,较厚的防粘衬垫优选直接用将要进行第二次粘结的压敏粘合剂层的粘合剂来进行涂覆。
在防粘衬垫A和B上的防粘层或者在双面防粘衬垫上的顶面和下面,可以相互独立地相对于原材料类型、交联方式、交联度、配方、物理预处理、化学预处理和/或涂覆量以及相对于任意的结构来进行选择。
双面提供有防粘层的防粘衬垫优选具有的厚度为至少20μm且低于150μm的。对于在一面上装备有防粘层的防粘衬垫而言,相同范围的值是优选的。
当使用防粘衬垫的组合时,防粘衬垫A和防粘衬垫B的厚度可以是相同或不同的。合适的防粘衬垫的厚度再次为20μm至150μm。特别有利的防粘衬垫的厚度组合所包括的防粘衬垫的厚度范围在各种情况下都是30μm至80μm。特别有利的防粘衬垫的厚度组合是36μm(防粘衬垫A的厚度)和50μm(防粘衬垫B的厚度)或反之亦然,以及50μm和75μm或反之亦然。
该至少一个载体层优选是从溶液或含水分散体来流延(cast)的。为完成此流延的合适方法是在现有技术中已知的所有那些方法。然而,无溶剂方法也是可以想象的,只要它们使得载体材料能够达到所要求的光学性能就行。从这个意义上讲,本领域技术人员知道可以成功使用的方法,例子是那些利用抛光的表面来作为幅引导元件或粘合剂膜引导元件例如尤其是辊的方法。的确非常合适的也可以是多组分方法,如,双组分方法。当配制所用的反应性组分使得它们的粘度在工作温度下足够低时,则在相应的方法中甚至在没有溶剂的情况下也可以产生出色的涂层样式(coating pattern)。作为相应的粘合剂体系和方法概念的例子,可以提及tesa SE的US 7,605,212B2。这些方法和其他方法也例如从聚氨酯领域所知晓。
本发明的双面压敏粘合剂产品能够由本质上已知的方法来生产。涂布和层压操作的不同的次序是可以预期的,并且可以有利地进行使用。这里可以提及仅一个非常合适的实例。根据此例,第一防粘衬垫幅首先用第一PSA来施涂。这有利地使用含溶剂的配制物来进行,随后进行干燥。优选对PSA进行选择,使得在干燥操作过程中,它至少部分地发生交联。交联操作可以有利地在干燥操作结束时进行。随后将载体幅在上进行层压并且将所得的中间体进行卷绕。此中间体与预先涂覆至第二防粘衬垫幅的第二压敏粘合剂层进行层压。这有利地使用含溶剂的配制物来进行,随后进行干燥。优选对PSA进行选择,使得在干燥操作过程中,它至少部分地发生交联。在干燥操作结束时进行交联操作会是有利的。
如果载体层从溶液来流延,则此操作有利地在加工衬里(process liner)上进行。在干燥以后,平幅可以用另外的加工衬里来加衬,或者,如果第一加工衬里具有反面防粘的能力,则平幅可以卷绕在其自身上。为了在以上说明的层压操作中进行进一步处理,将此载体层平幅解开,然后将第一个加工衬里去除。然后是开放的这一面用开放式压敏粘合剂层来层压。
可以随后将呈大捆形式(bale form)的产品根据需要来进行转化,例如,切成料卷或条,或者切割(slit)、模切或长度分离以形成片材。本领域技术人员知道生产双面自粘胶产品(例如胶带、标签和片材)的其他方法,此类方法对于本发明的产品而言同样是有用的。
本发明的双面自粘胶产品适合于两个对象的粘接。非常优选的是它们在粘接任务中的用途,其中在粘接上特别高的光学质量是重要的。这些包括在光学组件和/或所有种类的膜之间的粘接,例如如在显示器中,而且在大面积的玻璃接合上的粘接。因此,本发明同样涉及所述产品在透明基材的粘接中的用途。
基于可到达的高的层厚度,本发明的双面自粘胶产品特别适合于在接合操作过程中补偿待接合基材的形貌特征,所述形貌特征例如波纹、粗糙、曲线形、弯曲和任意种类的结构。它们为此目的的用途同样是作为本发明的一部分。
同时,本发明的具有高的层厚度的双面自粘胶产品还更适合于刚性基材例如光学透镜的层压。本发明还涉及本发明的双面自粘胶产品为此目的的用途。
特别有利地,不仅证实了本发明的双面自粘胶产品提供了出色的层压和表面补偿性能,而且,同时还令人惊讶地,具有非常好的切割和模切品质,使得能够容易地由本发明的双面自粘胶产品的片材来生产模切件。因此,可从本发明双面压敏粘合剂产品获得的模切件层压膜是本发明的一部分。
测试方法
测试方法A—弹性模量:
弹性模量表示材料抵抗弹性变形的机械阻力。将其定义为所需的应力σ与所达到的应变ε之比,其中ε是胡克变形状态中样品的长度变化ΔL和长度L0的比率。弹性模量的定义例如解释在Taschenbuch der Physik(H.(编辑),Taschenbuch der Physik,第二版,1994,Verlag Harri Deutsch,Frankfurt,第102–110页)中。
为了测定弹性模量,测试样品的拉伸应变行为首先根据DIN EN ISO527-3/2/300来在类型2测试样品(压敏粘合剂产品,其呈具有150mm的长度和15mm的宽度的长方形试验片的形式)上进行测定,其中测试速度为300mm/min,夹持长度为100mm,和预拉伸力为0.3N/cm,其中为了测定数据,样品已经用锋利的刀片来整理到该尺寸。使用Zwick拉伸测试机(型号Z010)。拉伸应变行为在加工方向(MD)上进行测量。使用1000N(ZwickRoell Kap-Z 066080.03.00)或100N(Zwick Roell Kap-Z 066110.03.00)的测力传感器。弹性模量从测量曲线图中通过测定曲线图的最初的部分的斜率(该部分的特性是胡克特性)来以图形方式确定,而且以MPa报告。
测试方法B-雾度(大角度散射),透光率:
透光率和雾度的测定根据ASTM D1003在来自Byk-Gardner的haze-gardplus上来进行。遵循ASTM D1003的做法,其中双面压敏粘合剂产物的样品首先从它们的防粘衬垫上来脱离并且将其施加到样品座中。
测试方法C—粘合剂渗出测试:
该测试使用仍然在双面上衬有防粘衬垫(在各种情况下50μm硅化PET膜)的胶带样品来进行。由这些样品制得具有29mm直径的圆形模切件且将其安置在透明PET膜的两个伸出层(projecting plies)之间。此结构体在80°C在热压机中用800N的力负荷30秒。在冷却以后,测试的样品在游标卡尺的帮助下进行视觉上的检查(精度±0.05mm)。测量了从压制操作所得的测试样品的外径。面积比率(初始面积A初始、最终面积A最终)能够用于通过使用下式来计算渗出比率OR:
OR=[(A最终-A初始)/A初始]*100%
测试方法D—层压特性:
双面压敏粘合剂产品样品从防粘衬垫上脱离并将其通过使用橡胶手动辊来层压到透明PET膜的印刷面上,该印刷包括黑色的、不透明的、全区域印刷层,其中印刷厚度为10μm,含有不同直径的圆形空隙(0.18mm、0.20mm、0.30mm、0.40mm、0.50mm、0.60mm、0.70mm、0.80mm、0.90mm、1.0mm)。在层压操作过程中,小心保证手工辊仅仅总在一个方向上来施加;不进行在相反方向上使用手工辊的层压。随后将第二防粘衬垫去除并且将组合件层压到3mm厚的透明聚碳酸酯片上。该层压体随后通过使用光学显微镜(NSK Japan,Nissho Optical Co.,Ltd.,TZ-240 010/24T,放大10倍到60倍)经由PET膜来在印刷的空隙区域上进行了检查。使用在圆形印刷空隙之内任何气泡的存在来评价层压结果。为了量化和区分不同的测试样品,指标为最小圆直径(其仍然完全地填充有粘合剂并且是无气泡的)。
测试方法E-折射率:
折射率根据Abbe定律通过使用来自Krüss的Optronic仪器在25°C使用白光(λ=550nm±150nm)来进行测量。为了温度的稳定,该仪器连同来自Lauda的恒温器一起操作。压敏粘合剂层样品如下制备:将粘合剂涂覆在防粘衬垫上、干燥和用第二防粘衬垫来对施用的层加衬。为了进行测量,将两个防粘衬垫都去除。为了生产载体层样品,将初始配制物施涂在防粘衬垫上并且进行干燥。为了进行测量,将防粘衬垫去除掉。在载体层样品呈片材形式的情况下,将此材料的一部分在没有进一步预处理的情况下进行测量。对每个样品,测量进行三次,将得到的值进行平均。
实施例
实施例1:
聚丙烯酸酯(其中在共聚物中具有7wt%的丙烯酸分数,和Fikentscher k值为55[P.E.Hinkamp,Polymer,1967,8,381])用0.6wt%(基于聚合物的固体含量计)的铝螯合物进行交联,并且通过刮刀法将在丙酮/苯/乙酸乙酯混合物中为31wt%浓度的溶液涂覆到防粘衬垫A(第一防粘层)上,首先在室温下干燥20分钟,然后在120°C干燥15分钟,然后使用防粘衬垫B(第二防粘衬垫)加衬。所得到的压敏粘合剂层干燥后的层厚度为50μm。该设计对应于粘合剂转移带的设计。所使用的防粘衬垫A是硅化的50μm基于PET膜的体系。所使用的防粘衬垫B是硅化的36μm基于PET膜的体系,其中防粘衬垫B比防粘衬垫A易于剥离。以此方式获得的PSA层进行测试E。
载体材料通过将热塑性弹性体的溶液(来自Kuraray的LA 4285)涂覆到硅化的50μmPET加工衬里上来生产。干燥后的载体的层厚度为125μm。此载体材料的样品在没有加工衬里的情况下通过使用100N测力传感器来进行测试A,和进行测试E。
在36μm的衬里(防粘衬垫B)去除以后,将粘合剂转移带通过使用橡胶手动辊来层压在载体层的开放面上。然后,将加工衬里去除,并且将不含36μm的衬里(防粘衬垫B)的粘合剂转移带的第二层层压在其上。没有衬里的完整胶带具有225μm的层厚度。此种类的测试样品进行测试B、C和D。
实施例2(比较例):
聚丙烯酸酯(其中在共聚物中具有7wt%的丙烯酸分数,和Fikentscher k值为55[P.E.Hinkamp,Polymer,1967,8,381])用0.6wt%(基于聚合物的固体含量计)的铝螯合物进行交联,并且通过刮刀法来将在丙酮/苯/乙酸乙酯混合物中为31wt%浓度的溶液涂覆在防粘衬垫A(第一防粘层)上,首先在室温下干燥20分钟,然后在120°C干燥15分钟,然后使用防粘衬垫B(第二防粘衬垫)加衬。干燥后的压敏粘合剂层的层厚度为50μm。该设计对应于粘合剂转移带的设计。所使用的防粘衬垫A是硅化的50μm基于PET膜的体系。所使用的防粘衬垫B是硅化的36μm基于PET膜的体系,其更易于剥离。以此方式获得的PSA层进行测试E。
载体材料的生产如下:
聚丙烯酸酯(其中在共聚物中具有3%丙烯酸分数,和Fikentscher k值为70[P.E.Hinkamp,Polymer,1967,8,381])用0.6wt%(基于聚合物的固体含量计)的铝螯合物进行交联,并且通过刮刀法来将在丙酮/苯/乙酸乙酯的混合物中为31wt%浓度的溶液涂覆在防粘衬垫A(第一防粘层)上,首先在室温下干燥20分钟,然后在120°C干燥15分钟,然后使用防粘衬垫B(第二防粘衬垫)进行加衬。此聚合物体系通过它的组分、摩尔质量分布和交联来制成了压敏粘合剂。干燥后该层的层厚度为125μm。该设计对应于粘合剂转移带的设计。所使用的防粘衬垫A是硅化的50μm基于PET膜的体系。所使用的防粘衬垫B是硅化的36μm基于PET膜的体系,其更易于剥离。这一非常软的没有加工衬里的载体材料样品使用100N测力传感器进行测试A,和进行测试E。
在去除36μm衬里以后,将粘合剂转移带通过使用橡胶手动辊来层压在已经不含36μm防粘衬垫的压敏粘合剂载体层的面上。随后,将50μm防粘衬垫从压敏粘合剂载体层上去除,和除去不含36μm防粘衬垫的粘合剂转移带第二层。没有衬里的完整胶带具有225μm的层厚度。此种类的测试样品进行测试B、C和D。
实施例3(比较例):
聚丙烯酸酯(其中在共聚物中具有7wt%的丙烯酸分数,和Fikentscher k值为55[P.E.Hinkamp,Polymer,1967,8,381])用0.6wt%的铝螯合物进行交联,并且通过刮刀法以溶液形式来涂覆到防粘衬垫A(第一防粘层)上,首先在室温下干燥20分钟,然后在120°C干燥15分钟,然后使用防粘衬垫B(第二防粘衬垫)加衬。所得到的压敏粘合剂层干燥后的层厚度为50μm。该设计对应于粘合剂转移带的设计。所使用的防粘衬垫A是硅化的50μm基于PET膜的体系。所使用的防粘衬垫B是硅化的36μm基于PET膜的体系,其更容易剥离。PSA层进行测试E。所使用的载体层是125μm的PET膜,其具有的雾度为约1%。这一载体体系的样品使用1000N测力传感器来进行测试A,和进行测试E。在去除36μm衬里以后,将粘合剂转移带通过使用橡胶手动辊来层压到载体膜的第一面上。随后,将不含该36μm衬里的粘合剂转移带的第二层层压在载体膜的第二面上。无衬里的完整胶带具有225μm的层厚度。此种类测试样品进行测试B、C和D。
实施例4(比较例):
聚丙烯酸酯(其中在共聚物中具有7wt%的丙烯酸分数,和Fikentscher k值为55[P.E.Hinkamp,Polymer,1967,8,381]的)用0.6%的铝螯合物进行交联,并且通过刮刀法以溶液形式来涂覆到防粘衬垫A (第一防粘层)上,首先在室温下干燥20分钟,然后在120°C干燥15分钟,然后使用防粘衬垫B(第二防粘衬垫)加衬。干燥后压敏粘合剂层的层厚度为225μm。该设计对应于粘合剂转移带的设计。所使用的防粘衬垫A是硅化的50μm基于PET膜的体系。所使用的防粘衬垫B是硅化的36μm基于PET膜的体系,其更易于剥离。此种类的胶带不含有附加载体体系并因此对应于粘合剂转移带的设计。此种类的测试样品进行测试A(100N测力传感器)、B、C、D和E。
-表1-
表1总结了根据实施例1到4所生产的测试样品的测试结果。为了光学高等级的双面压敏粘合剂产品,期望原则上尽可能低的粘合剂渗出趋势,以便确保良好的处理性能和其它加工性能。超过10%的渗出率值已经足够引起明显的侧缘粘性,并因此是有害的。同时,光学高等级的双面压敏粘合剂产品要求有非常好的层压性能,该要求直接地与上述的渗出率要求相对立。根据测试D的层压能力(其表示为印刷图像中最小直径的圆形空隙,该空隙在层压操作中仍然刚好地填充有粘合剂且没有任何气泡),应该尽可能的是尽可能好的(直径是尽可能小的)。该指定的值越小,压敏粘合剂产品补偿形貌高度差的能力就越好,则在凸起区域的过渡区域中没有任何夹杂空气(气泡形成),因此对于光学品质没有任何损害效果。
不是所有的产品结构都能够测量弹性模量。根据实施例2和实施例4的双面压敏粘合剂产品不能够以足够品质来从第二防粘衬垫上脱离,以使得它们能够根据测试A来测试其弹性模量。这本身已经是弹性模量不足的定性指示。拉伸这些双面压敏粘合剂产品所要求的力显然是将粘合剂层与第二防粘衬垫分开所要求剥离力(此力是0.02N/mm)的数量级,或者甚至低于该值。
发现了根据本发明的测试样品符合所述的要求,而非本发明的测试样品不能补偿形貌高度差且同时避免危险的渗出行为。
Claims (6)
1.双面压敏粘合剂产品,其具有的雾度值(由测试方法B所测量的)为5%或更低,其包括:
具有第一表面和第二表面的载体,以及
第一压敏粘合剂层,其设置在载体的第一表面上,和
第二压敏粘合剂层,其设置在载体的第二表面上,
其特征在于,载体具有2.5–500Mpa的弹性模量。
2.如权利要求1所述的双面压敏粘合剂产品,其特征在于,载体具有5–250Mpa的弹性模量。
3.如权利要求1和2之一项所述的双面压敏粘合剂产品,其特征在于,第一和第二压敏粘合剂层的折射率相对于载体的折射率的差值在每个情况下都低于0.1。
4.如权利要求1到3任何一项所述的双面压敏粘合剂产品在粘接光学组件中的用途。
5.如权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于,光学组件具有超过100μm的形貌高度差。
6.一种制品,其包括使用如权利要求1到3任何一项所述的至少一种双面压敏粘合剂产品粘接的组件。
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2010
- 2010-04-26 DE DE102010028184A patent/DE102010028184A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-04-12 BR BR112012026463A patent/BR112012026463A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-04-12 EP EP11713821.4A patent/EP2563871B1/de active Active
- 2011-04-12 MX MX2012012098A patent/MX2012012098A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-04-12 CN CN201180031481.7A patent/CN102959028B/zh active Active
- 2011-04-12 US US13/642,313 patent/US20130052435A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-04-12 WO PCT/EP2011/055697 patent/WO2011134782A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-04-12 JP JP2013506572A patent/JP2013527872A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-04-12 KR KR1020127030946A patent/KR20130105293A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-04-19 TW TW100113513A patent/TWI568820B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2016
- 2016-08-18 US US15/240,737 patent/US20160355706A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1953191A1 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2008-08-06 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Polylactic acid composition |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107216819A (zh) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-29 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种胶膜及其制备方法、柔性显示模组 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130052435A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
BR112012026463A2 (pt) | 2016-08-09 |
US20160355706A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 |
KR20130105293A (ko) | 2013-09-25 |
TWI568820B (zh) | 2017-02-01 |
CN102959028B (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
EP2563871B1 (de) | 2019-07-24 |
DE102010028184A1 (de) | 2011-10-27 |
TW201207073A (en) | 2012-02-16 |
EP2563871A1 (de) | 2013-03-06 |
JP2013527872A (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
MX2012012098A (es) | 2012-12-17 |
WO2011134782A1 (de) | 2011-11-03 |
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