CN102953928A - Universal windmill with adjustable propeller length - Google Patents
Universal windmill with adjustable propeller length Download PDFInfo
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- CN102953928A CN102953928A CN2012103934822A CN201210393482A CN102953928A CN 102953928 A CN102953928 A CN 102953928A CN 2012103934822 A CN2012103934822 A CN 2012103934822A CN 201210393482 A CN201210393482 A CN 201210393482A CN 102953928 A CN102953928 A CN 102953928A
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- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002789 length control Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor having a plurality of rotors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor the axis being vertical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
- F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/202—Rotors with adjustable area of intercepted fluid
- F05B2240/2021—Rotors with adjustable area of intercepted fluid by means of telescoping blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/328—Blade pitch angle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/70—Type of control algorithm
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a universal windmill with adjustable propeller length, and relates to the field of wind application equipment. The universal windmill comprises a support, propellers, propeller heads, a rotating shaft and propeller length control systems; two to four propellers are uniformly distributed around the rotating shaft; the cross sections of the propellers are provided with wing profiles in form of wings with camber; the propellers are obliquely arranged on the support by the propeller heads, so that a V-shaped structure can be formed; the gradient, eccentricity and mounting attack angle of each propeller can be adjusted by each propeller head, therefore, the propellers of the windmill can be kept in the best operating state; the propellers of the windmill are divided into two to three sections which are integrally nested and can be stretched and contracted just like a telescopic antenna of a radio receiver, therefore, the propellers can be contracted during high wind and stretched during low wind, and as a result, the output power or the rotating speed can be stabilized, the utilization scope of the wind energy is expanded, and the safety of the windmill in operation can be ensured. The application of the universal windmill is as follows: 1, the universal windmill can be used as a vertical axis wind turbine to be applied to a wind power plant; 2, the universal windmill also can be used as a water turbine to be applied to a dam-free power station or used for tidal power generation; and 3, the universal windmill also can be used as a toy for a child.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wind-force application apparatus field
Background technique
The present invention is in the patent of invention Universal Windmill (patent No.: on basis ZL200310100459.0), through further analysing in depth and a large amount of experimental research, prototyping testing, architecture advances and from the patent of invention of new proposition.
Wind energy is the renewable energy sources of occurring in nature cleaning.Available wind energy resources is 20,000,000,000 kW on the earth, be can utilize on the earth water can 20 times.The available wind energy of China's land 10m height layer is 2.53 hundred million kW, and marine available wind energy is 3 times of land, and the available wind energy of 50m height layer is 2 times of 10m height layer.The wind energy resources of China is very abundant, and Xinjiang, Inner Mongol, Gansu one band wind energy is maximum, approximately 200～300 watts/meter 2 of intensity, average 4000～5000 hours/year (referring to " Encyclopadia Sinica "-wind energy conversion system).
For centuries, wind-power electricity generation receives people's concern always.Behind the World War I, application wind-force generates electricity and climax once occurs, and Denmark, Holland use also the widest the earliest.Because the discovery in oil field, the Middle East is got off the slower development of wind-power electricity generation cause, until 20 century 70s, because energy shortage and environmental pollution, climax just appearred again in wind-power electricity generation afterwards.
Utilize wind-power electricity generation, just must be converted into mechanical energy to wind energy first, then again mechanical energy is converted to electric energy with generator.Wind energy is converted into mechanical energy, will utilizes windmill, windmill is the key equipment in the wind-power electricity generation process.Of a great variety in view of windmill, sorting technique also has multiple.Be divided into by blade quantity: single blade, double-leaf, three blades, quaterfoil and multiple-blade; Relative position by main shaft and ground is divided into: horizontal axis, vertical shaft (vertical shaft); Be divided into by the blade working principle: lift-type, resistance type.A large amount of wind power plants that use are in the majority with three blade horizontal axis lift-types (generally claiming the propeller cavitation windmill) at present.
The propeller cavitation windmill occurs just being in the middle of the continuous improvement from the beginning, yet, though through repeatedly improving, but still exist many problems and shortcoming, output is unstable, and difficulty networks, device efficiency is low, equipment easily damages, safety, maintenance, transportation ... all there are many problems, seriously influencing the development of wind-powered electricity generation.
We know, wind energy is the extremely unsettled energy, and wind speed, wind-force, wind direction are all constantly changing anywhere or anytime, and this brings very large difficulty not only for the conversion of wind energy, and gives follow-up acceptance application, has also caused very large adverse condition.So that wind-powered electricity generation is dissolved difficulty, abandon the phenomenons such as the wind problem is serious, wind energy utilization is low, become the Important Problems that exists in China's Wind Power Development process, also effectively solved at present;
Conventional wind-driven generator is in order to network and security of operation, and general employing transfers the method for pitch to adjust power stage or the rotating speed of windmill, but this control is very undesirable, even does not reach the expection purpose at all.By regulating pitch, to regulating the blade angle of attack, arrive again power factor, arrive again output power, this control procedure is both unreliable, also unstable, do not reach the power stage of stablizing windmill or the purpose of rotating speed at all, can not play much guarantee effects at technical elements to the Security of windmill yet.There were in the last few years some to want to use for reference horizontal-shaft wind turbine changes blade by the pitch angle that changes blade lift and resistance, thereby obtain higher this successful experience of wind energy utilization, imagination well combines Variable Pitch technology and vertical axis windmill, improve startability and the wind energy utilization of vertical axis windmill, develop a kind of new and effective vertical axis windmill, but according to the working principle of lift vertical shaft wind energy conversion system as can be known, blade is in the process that rotates a circle, the direction of the linear velocity of every bit all changes in the cycle on the blade, so that attack angle of blade changes in the cycle too, it is a changing value, and the lift of the excursion of the angle of attack and aerofoil profile, drag-coefficient curve has very large relation, and this is just so that realize that above-mentioned imagination is very difficult.If horizontal axis wind-driven generator because of its blade in the process that rotates a circle, the direction of the linear velocity of every bit is also all determined on the blade, change lift and the resistance of blade with the method for transferring pitch, thereby obtain higher wind energy utilization, can also obtain some effects; And the lift vertical shaft wind energy conversion system in this way, and obtaining some effects just may be very difficult.
A large amount of middle-size and small-size horizontal-shaft wind turbines do not carry out pitch to be regulated, and the electric power that this just makes wind-driven generator send is suddenly big or suddenly small, suddenly appears and disappear, and has become so-called " rubbish " wind-powered electricity generation, is receiving the very disadvantageous condition that causes for the electrical network of follow-up reception and user.
Conventional wind-driven generator also has a fatal weakness, can reach exactly the moment of generator rated output power (rated wind speed generally is decided to be 10 meter per seconds) seldom, and the most of the time is operated in the situation far below rated output power.This phenomenon why occurring, is because the working state of wind-driven generator is closely related with the size of extraneous wind-force, fully can not ACTIVE CONTROL, and the significant wastage that this has just caused power generating equipment remains high wind power cost.Its Security is also just pieced together material, overuse equipment reaches, and reliable technical guarantee is seldom arranged.
It is according to fluid mechanics principle and aerodynamic principle that the present invention transfers the long Universal Windmill of oar; after former invention Universal Windmill carried out many experiments research and improve; make every effort to overcome many shortcomings of propeller cavitation windmill and Da Lie (Darrieus) windmill of extensive use in the prior art; develop more efficient; safer; more economical; the easier wind generating technology equipment that is received by electrical network; so-called " rubbish " wind energy is converted to stably electric power output; be protection of the environment; tap a new source of energy, for the contribution that makes new advances is done in energy-saving and emission-reduction! Transfer the long Universal Windmill of oar to regulate inclination (α), the degree of eccentricity (β), the installation angle of attack (γ) of leaf oar with leaf oar head, thereby make its startability better, efficient is better; Adopt and transfer oar length to come firm power output and assurance security of operation, thereby greatly enlarged the wind-force application area.
Summary of the invention
One, the long Universal Windmill structure of sizing mixing
Windmill is comprised of several parts such as support, leaf oar, leaf oar head, rotating shaft, the long control system of oar.2～4 leaf oars are evenly distributed on around the rotating shaft, and the leaf oar is fixed on the support by leaf oar head is oblique, form the V character form structure, and the aerofoil profile of leaf oar cross section is the wing blade with camber.The middle fixedly windmill shaft of support, rotating shaft is vertical with the support plane of rotation.Leaf Paddle can regulate by three respective axes of rotation on the leaf oar head inclination (α), the degree of eccentricity (β), the installation angle of attack (γ) of leaf oar.The leaf oar is made 2～3 joints, and nests together as the radio receiver telescopic antenna, and leaf oar inside is provided with slideway and roller, and the leaf oar can be extended and shorten easily under external force.
The exhibition of leaf oar is to there being certain angle of inclination with respect to windmill shaft, the exhibition of leaf oar is defined as leaf oar inclination (α) to the angle of axis and substantially horizontal, represents with angle.
Regulate the size of leaf oar inclination, can affect the windmill performance, and this impact not single but many-sided, or even conflicting mutually.Reduce inclination the rotary inertia of windmill will be increased, according to law of rotation: the angular acceleration of rigid body is directly proportional with its bonding force square, is inversely proportional to the rotary inertia of rigid body, so the rotating speed of windmill can be slack-off, also makes windmill be difficult for startup; Regulate the size of leaf oar inclination, also can affect the angle of attack of leaf oar, thereby change the size of lift, affect the power coefficient of windmill.But suitably reduce leaf oar inclination, can increase the wind sweeping area of windmill, increase the wind energy that windmill is caught, this is conducive to again the startup of windmill, increases output power.So, regulate necessary consideration situation, careful carrying out.
The ratio of the pressure line of leaf oar and the deviation distance between the rotating shaft and its maximum deviation distance is defined as the degree of eccentricity (β), represents with percentage.The size of the degree of eccentricity (β) and the leaf oar angle of attack and leaf oar are subject to wind-force to make the detent torque that the time spent produces relevant, and the degree of eccentricity (β) is large, and the detent torque of generation is just large.But the degree of eccentricity increases the rotational resistance that can increase windmill, reduces power factor.
The angle of the aerofoil profile string of a musical instrument and airflow direction is defined as the leaf oar angle of attack, and the angle of attack of it and aircraft wing is suitable.Note that the airflow direction here refers to the linear velocity vector of blade circular movement and the direction of the airspeed (being relative speed of wind) that wind vector synthesizes, obviously, this direction is constantly to change with the variation of the variation of wind speed and windmill rotating speed.The angle of the aerofoil profile string of a musical instrument and substantially horizontal was defined as the angle of attack (γ) is installed when windmill was static, represented with angle.So the leaf oar angle of attack is dimerous by the variable angle of attack of the angle of attack (γ) being installed and constantly change with the variation of wind speed.Appropriate change is installed the angle of attack (γ), can make the leaf oar angle of attack be in the optimum state, and be no more than stall angle, makes the windmill efficiency factor best.
Gear and generator are installed in wind wheel rotating shaft below.
Two, working principle
The air vane oar is oblique rack-mount by leaf oar head, can regulate leaf oar inclination (α), the degree of eccentricity (β), the installation angle of attack (γ) by leaf oar head, this just can make the air vane oar be in the starting torque maximum, the efficient optimum Working.
Windmill is fixed on the support and certain degree of eccentricity (β) is arranged because the leaf oar is oblique when static state, and its windward side is different to the drag size that wind produces from adverse wind face, has just produced starting torque and has made Windmill rotary.
After Windmill rotary gets up, because the leaf oar of windmill is the wing blade with camber, obliquely is fixed on the support and certain degree of eccentricity (β) is arranged, according to aerodynamic principle, will produce lift on the leaf oar.Again because the leaf oar tilts, lift just is broken down into the component that is parallel to plane of rotation and perpendicular to the component of plane of rotation so.The component that is parallel to surface of revolution will produce the moment that makes the support rotation, thereby accelerates Windmill rotary.The quickening of Windmill rotary increases lift, impels again the moment of rotation to increase, and makes the faster of Windmill rotary ..., so just formed positive feedback, improved windmill efficient.Perpendicular to the component of surface of revolution, played the effect that alleviates bearing pressure, also just alleviated the rotational resistance of wind wheel.
The air vane oar is made 2～3 joints, and nests together as the radio receiver telescopic antenna.Leaf oar inside is provided with slideway and roller, and the leaf oar can be extended and shorten easily, just can take following control strategy:
One, leaf oar length is carried out continuous proportion integration differentiation output power definite value control, realize constant power output;
Two, leaf oar length is carried out discontinuous cascade control, realize that the cascade of output power changes;
Three, according to the wind speed size, carry out program control, make windmill in different wind-force ranks different leaf oar length be arranged;
Four, manually control or remote control shortened when wind is large, and wind hour elongation is mainly used in guaranteeing the security of operation of windmill increasing the Wind Power Utilization scope.
Here it is pointed out that 1, increase power such as hope, need to increase length, the width of leaf oar, also will increase the size of windmill support and leaf oar head.2, the angle of inclination of leaf oar (α), the degree of eccentricity (β), the angle of attack (γ), efficient and starting torque to windmill, affect very large, need meticulous design and adjustment, also can install automatic adjusting mechanism (to large scale computer) additional, angle of inclination (α), the degree of eccentricity (β) of automatically transferring fixed propeller according to wind speed size and power factor.When 3, transferring the long Universal Windmill of oar to do the vertical shaft windmill use (to large, medium and small type machine), angle of inclination (α) is that 60 degree～80 degree are proper; Transfer the long Universal Windmill of oar also to can be used as horizontal axis windmill and use (minicomputer), angle of inclination (α) is that 10 degree～30 degree are proper.
Three, device characteristic
1, because the leaf oar cross section of windmill is the airfoil with camber, and and adopted the i.e. eccentric V font special construction that tilts again between the rotating shaft, so, after the leaf oar rotates, just suffered wind-force has been converted to lift, again lift is resolved into vertical stress component and horizontal component, perpendicular to the component of surface of revolution windmill gravity has been reduced, thereby reduced the frictional force of bearing; The component that is parallel to surface of revolution will produce the moment that makes the support rotation, thereby accelerates Windmill rotary; The quickening of Windmill rotary increases lift, impels again the moment of rotation to increase, and Windmill rotary is got faster ...Go round and begin again like this, just be equivalent to output signal drawn and get back to input end, formed positive feedback, improved windmill efficient.Windmill positive feedback signal flow chart is seen the Fig. 7 among the Figure of description.
2, the leaf oar is oblique rack-mount by leaf oar head, forms the V character form structure, and the most of weight of leaf oar is acted on the support chassis, and act on the leaf oar power seldom, thereby improved leaf oar intensity;
3, the leaf oar is oblique rack-mount by leaf oar head, form the V character form structure, manufacture scalable leaf oar for the leaf oar and created condition, also make long square being directly proportional with wind sweeping area of oar, be directly proportional with output power, lay a good foundation for the power control of windmill, make control sensitiveer more effective;
4, the leaf oar is oblique rack-mount by leaf oar head, forms the V character form structure, for a plurality of windmills several angle that staggers is connected up and down condition is provided; A plurality of windmills are connected into tree-shaped, greatly improve startability and the power stage of windmill;
5, simple in structure, material is extensive, low cost of manufacture, and efficient is high, maintenance, transportation, easy for installation;
6, the angle of inclination of leaf oar (α), the degree of eccentricity (β), the angle of attack (γ) all can be regulated by leaf oar head, can regulate by off-line, also can realize on-line automatic adjusting, make windmill be in all the time high efficiency the optimum state;
7, oar length can be regulated automatically, but also manual tune.Because what oar was long square is directly proportional with wind sweeping area, is directly proportional with output power, that is to say, oar length doubles, and output power just increases by four times; If allow output power fix (for example, being decided to be rated output power), so, oar length doubles, and the wind speed of input just can reduce by 1.6 times.In other words, if rated power is 1K watt wind-driven generator (only under the wind speed of 10 meter per seconds, just can reach a kilowatt), now as long as 6 meter per seconds just can reach one kilowatt.And wind speed is when being higher than 6 meter per second, and blade just shortens, thereby can guarantee constant power output, has greatly increased the scope of utilizing of wind energy, and guarantees that wind energy conversion system is in running at full capacity all the time; When the wind-force in the external world was excessive, the oar of windmill is long to be shortened, and has also guaranteed windmill safety.
Four, use
1, can do vertical axis windmill uses;
2, can be applicable to wind power plant, carry out wind-power electricity generation;
3, also can make water turbine, be used for without the power station, dam, or tidal power generation;
4, can make children toys.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 support leaf oar head plan view;
Fig. 2 support leaf oar head front view;
Fig. 3 windmill plan view;
Fig. 4 windmill front view;
Fig. 5 leaf oar A-A profile;
Fig. 6 windmill stereogram (for reference);
Fig. 7 windmill positive feedback signal flow chart;
Fig. 8 windmill closed loop control system signal flow graph;
Among Fig. 1: 1---main shaft; 2---support; 3---leaf oar head; 4---the inclination rotating shaft;
5---degree of eccentricity rotating shaft;
Among Fig. 2: 6---angle of attack rotating shaft is installed; 7 motors;
Among Fig. 3: 8---the leaf oar; The direction of arrow is the Windmill rotary direction;
Among Fig. 4: 9---top end plate;
Among Fig. 5: 10---the siphonal lobe oar; 11---the internal lobe oar; 12---guide rail; 13---leaf oar internal support;
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6;
Do skeleton with lightweight materials such as aluminum alloys, do covering with materials such as aluminum alloy, color steel, corrosion resistant plate, galvanized sheet irons, according to make internal lobe oar (11), siphonal lobe oar (10) with the air-foil of camber, do guide rail (12) in siphonal lobe oar inside, at the appropriate location of internal lobe oar dress pulley, in top dress top end plate (9), two joint leaf oars are nested in-rise, and can its elongation be shortened with rope or chain.
Do support (2) and leaf oar head (3) with lightweight material equally.
Rotating shaft (1) and leaf oar head (3) are installed on the support (2), generator (7) is installed in the windmill shaft below, by corresponding rotating shaft (inclination rotating shaft 4, degree of eccentricity rotating shaft 5, installation angle of attack rotating shaft 6), adjust inclination (α), the degree of eccentricity (β), the angle of attack (γ) of leaf oar (8), make windmill be operated in angle of attack the optimum state, transfer the long Universal Windmill of oar namely to be successful.
Be loaded on control gear (not drawing among the figure), with small motor drive rope or chain the leaf oar controlled according to different control strategies to the length of leaf oar, to realize that wind-driven generator safely and steadily runs.
Windmill closed loop control system signal flow graph is seen the Fig. 8 among the Figure of description.
Claims (8)
1. transfer the long Universal Windmill of oar to be formed by several parts such as support, leaf oar, leaf oar head, rotating shaft, the long control system of oar for one kind, it is characterized in that, 2～4 leaf oars are evenly distributed on around the rotating shaft, the leaf oar is oblique rack-mount by leaf oar head, form the V character form structure, the aerofoil profile of leaf oar cross section is the wing blade with camber, the middle fixedly windmill shaft of support, and rotating shaft is vertical with the support surface of revolution.
2. described leaf oar is oblique rack-mount by leaf oar head, it is characterized in that, leaf Paddle can by three respective axes of rotation on the leaf oar head, regulate inclination (α), the degree of eccentricity (β), the installation angle of attack (γ) of leaf oar.
3. described leaf oar is made 2～3 joints, and nests together as the radio receiver telescopic antenna, and leaf oar inside is provided with slideway and roller, and the leaf oar can be extended and shorten easily under external force.
4. the exhibition of leaf oar is defined as leaf oar inclination (α) to the angle of axis and substantially horizontal, represents with angle; The ratio of the pressure line of leaf oar and the deviation distance between the rotating shaft and its maximum deviation distance is defined as the degree of eccentricity (β), represents with percentage; The angle of the aerofoil profile string of a musical instrument and substantially horizontal was defined as the angle of attack (γ) is installed when windmill was static, represented with angle.
5. the long Universal Windmill of accent oar according to claim 1 is characterized in that, after Windmill rotary gets up, because the leaf oar of windmill is the wing blade with camber, obliquely be fixed on the support and certain degree of eccentricity (β) is arranged, according to aerodynamic principle, will produce lift on the leaf oar; Again because the leaf oar tilts, lift just is broken down into the component that is parallel to plane of rotation and perpendicular to the component of plane of rotation so, the component that is parallel to surface of revolution will produce the moment that makes the support rotation, thereby accelerates Windmill rotary, the quickening of Windmill rotary, lift is increased, impel again the moment of rotation to increase, make the faster of Windmill rotary ... so just form positive feedback, improved windmill efficient; Perpendicular to the component of plane of rotation, make windmill weight saving, reduced rotational resistance.
6. described leaf oar is oblique rack-mount by leaf oar head, form the V character form structure, windmill just is directly proportional with the wind sweeping area of leaf oar by the wind energy that the leaf oar receives, thereby make square being directly proportional with output power of described air vane oar length, the length of control leaf oar, just controlled output power or rotating speed, the control strategies such as that oar length can be taked is continuous, discontinuous, manual, remote control, program control are to guarantee windmill stable output and security of operation.
7. described leaf oar is oblique rack-mount by leaf oar head, form the V character form structure, it is characterized in that, the most of weight of leaf oar is acted on the support chassis, and act on the leaf oar power seldom, thereby improved leaf oar intensity, and connected up and down condition is provided for a plurality of windmills several angle that staggers; A plurality of windmills are connected into tree-shaped, greatly improve startability and the power stage of windmill.
8. gear and generator are installed in the windmill shaft below.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610041428.XA CN107905944A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the telescopic wing of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201610041429.4A CN107905945A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the leaf paddle head of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201210393482.2A CN102953928B (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the Universal Windmill that oar is long |
| CN201610041426.0A CN107905943A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the end plate of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201610041427.5A CN107905957A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the main shaft and stent of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210393482.2A CN102953928B (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the Universal Windmill that oar is long |
Related Child Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610041429.4A Division CN107905945A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the leaf paddle head of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201610041428.XA Division CN107905944A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the telescopic wing of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201610041426.0A Division CN107905943A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the end plate of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201610041427.5A Division CN107905957A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the main shaft and stent of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102953928A true CN102953928A (en) | 2013-03-06 |
| CN102953928B CN102953928B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610041426.0A Pending CN107905943A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the end plate of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201610041427.5A Pending CN107905957A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the main shaft and stent of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201610041428.XA Pending CN107905944A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the telescopic wing of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201210393482.2A Expired - Fee Related CN102953928B (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the Universal Windmill that oar is long |
| CN201610041429.4A Pending CN107905945A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the leaf paddle head of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610041426.0A Pending CN107905943A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the end plate of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201610041427.5A Pending CN107905957A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the main shaft and stent of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN201610041428.XA Pending CN107905944A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the telescopic wing of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610041429.4A Pending CN107905945A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Adjust the leaf paddle head of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104989580A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-10-21 | 浙江海洋学院 | Blade bundling and fixing hub of vertical shaft tidal current energy water turbine |
| CN106240382A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2016-12-21 | 李洪泽 | The method promoting pure electric automobile course continuation mileage |
| WO2017156859A1 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-21 | 福建通尼斯新能源科技有限公司 | Offshore wind power generator with v-shaped wind turbine structure |
| CN110541791A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-06 | 山东大学 | Self-adjusting propeller V-shaped self-starting vertical axis wind turbine and method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108547733B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-11-26 | 安徽六和同心风能设备有限公司 | A kind of self-interacting type vertical axis aerogenerator |
| CN114537645A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-27 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Stable unmanned aerial vehicle telescopic wing structure |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107905943A (en) | 2018-04-13 |
| CN107905944A (en) | 2018-04-13 |
| CN102953928B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN107905945A (en) | 2018-04-13 |
| CN107905957A (en) | 2018-04-13 |
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