CN102305182B - Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) with support bars with variable pitch angle blades - Google Patents
Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) with support bars with variable pitch angle blades Download PDFInfo
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- CN102305182B CN102305182B CN 201110225756 CN201110225756A CN102305182B CN 102305182 B CN102305182 B CN 102305182B CN 201110225756 CN201110225756 CN 201110225756 CN 201110225756 A CN201110225756 A CN 201110225756A CN 102305182 B CN102305182 B CN 102305182B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) with support bars with variable pitch angle blades. The VAWT comprises a main shaft which is vertically arranged, wherein the blades and the main shaft are arranged in parallel; the support bars are in rigid connection with the blades and the main shaft respectively; and paddles are arranged horizontally and are sheathed on the support bars. The VAWT is characterized in that the paddles are connected with a paddle rotation control mechanism. The VAWT provided by the invention has the advantages that the power output is effectively improved and the service life is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, be specifically related to a kind of blade that utilizes variablepiston angle on the vertical axis aerogenerator horizontal support bar and in running, produce lift and slow down the frictional force that rotating part gravity causes and the vertical axis aerogenerator of parts depreciation.
Background technique:
Wind-power electricity generation is the renewable energy sources that exploitation early in the new energy, application is wide, technology is ripe.Wind-driven generator mainly has horizontal axis wind-driven generator and vertical axis aerogenerator.For horizontal axis wind-driven generator, the running shaft of vertical axis aerogenerator impeller is perpendicular to ground surface and incoming flow wind direction, and it has several outstanding advantages: the one, and wind turbine tower is simple in structure; The 2nd, generator driving mechanism and control mechanism etc. install on ground or the low latitude; The 3rd, blade is made easily, cost is low; The 4th, impeller move wind-engaging not to influence.
Vertical axis aerogenerator mainly is divided into four kinds by the composition form of profile of fan at present: Savonius type, Darrieus type, H-rotor type and Scroll-type.The vertical axis aerogenerator of which kind of type no matter, the weight of blower fan whole rotor in operation process all acts on the bearing of rotor, has increased the surface friction drag in the rotor operation greatly, has reduced the performance of wind-driven generator; And excessive load aggravated bearing wear again, and in the working life in 20 years, the frequent replacing of bearing increases the wind-driven generator maintenance cost greatly and prolongs the dead time of wind-driven generator, has reduced energy output at wind-driven generator.
The existing technology literature search is found; Propose magnetic levitation technology is introduced in the vertical axis aerogenerator design for addressing this problem the someone; Like Lin Xiupeng invention disclosed patent " vertical axis aerogenerator with magnetic suspension for reducing gravity force and frictional force " (application number: 200810016203); " magnetic suspension vertical shaft windmill " (application number: 200810026780) of Wang Yuyan; " a kind of vertical shaft maglev wind power generator " of Lin Wenqi (application number: 201010273382) etc., all be the principle of utilizing like pole to repel each other basically, rotor " is floated "; Make wind-driven generator rotating part and stationary part not have machinery and contact, thereby reduce the frictional force of bearing and the wearing and tearing of part.But the magnetic levitation system manufacture cost is expensive, and mechanism's complicacy must cause maintenance cost to improve again.The Shen shakes, and (application number: 200920287376.X), be that air foil shape is made in the cross section of strut, the high as far as possible aerofoil profile of selection ratio of lift coefficient to drag coefficient is adjusted suitable established angle to magnificent disclosed utility model patent " strut of vertical axis windmill ".Make strut when rotating, produce the load of lift and then minimizing rotor bearing; Yet this patent reckons without rotor in the incoming flow wind speed; The blade absolute velocity of operation increases against the wind, and the blade absolute velocity of operation reduces with the wind, and the lift that the fixing horizontal blade of established angle can produce in the main shaft both sides is inhomogeneous; Do not do corresponding compensation, lift ratio can reach 5:1.This periodic lift variation not only makes the wind-driven generator fuselage to lopsidedness, and every periodically variable lift of blade and resistance produce strong moment of torsion to blade and main shaft joint, has quickened the fatigue damage at these positions greatly.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of wind-driven generator, can make the wind-driven generator rotating part produce steady lift in the course of the work, slows down because the frictional force that the rotary part self gravitation causes and the wearing and tearing of component.
For realizing that the foregoing invention purpose adopts following technological scheme:
The vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather angle blade; Comprise vertically disposed main shaft, blade and spindle parallel setting, strut is rigidly connected with blade, main shaft respectively; Horizontally disposed blade is enclosed within on the strut, it is characterized in that: blade links to each other with the blade rotation controling mechanism.
The vertical axis aerogenerator of aforesaid a kind of strut band feather angle blade; It is characterized in that: every blade and main shaft be respectively arranged with strut and blade up and down between the two ends, blade is respectively blade and following blade, the below of following blade is provided with the chassis; Said blade rotation controling mechanism comprises the roller that is installed in down blade blade root trailing edge place; Roller links to each other with following blade through a drive link, and vertically disposed thin bar passes the trailing edge of blade and following blade respectively, and upper surface is provided with roller track on the chassis; Roller moves on roller track, and each point is not on same horizontal plane on the said roller track.
The vertical axis aerogenerator of aforesaid a kind of strut band feather angle blade, it is characterized in that: said roller track comprises circular groove on same circumference and the arc cam that is arranged at the chassis.
The vertical axis aerogenerator of aforesaid a kind of strut band feather angle blade, it is characterized in that: said circular groove and arc cam are that symmetric points are symmetrical set with the center of circle.
The vertical axis aerogenerator of aforesaid a kind of strut band feather angle blade is characterized in that: said circular groove 62 is provided with one group with arc cam.
The vertical axis aerogenerator of aforesaid a kind of strut band feather angle blade; It is characterized in that: the variable in distance of circular groove and arc cam upper surface and chassis card is consistent with respect to angle of attack variation, and the circular groove width is greater than the arc cam width.
The vertical axis aerogenerator of aforesaid a kind of strut band feather angle blade is characterized in that: locating to be provided with spring below the blade on the thin bar, and strut is provided with the blade rotating limit device.
The vertical axis aerogenerator of aforesaid a kind of strut band feather angle blade; It is characterized in that: also comprise upwind mark and following wind vane; And be fixedly connected with bearing, the chassis on main shaft top respectively with through horizontal brace rod, be fixedly connected through vertical connecting rod between upwind mark and the following wind vane.
The vertical axis aerogenerator of aforesaid a kind of strut band feather angle blade is characterized in that: the distance between upwind mark and the following wind vane is greater than the length of blade, and the brachium of horizontal brace rod is greater than the blade turning radius.
The vertical axis aerogenerator of aforesaid a kind of strut band feather angle blade; It is characterized in that: blade and blade are processed by C-base composte material; Upwind mark and following wind vane are processed by lightweight, high tenacity, corrosion-resistant plastic plate; Strut and roller adopt stainless steel to process, and chassis and bearing housing select for use 45 steel or A3 steel to process.
The effect that the present invention is useful is:
The present invention makes full use of the horizontal support bar of vertical axis aerogenerator; The blade at variablepiston angle has been installed; Blade produces lift with the wind wheel rotation; And the resistance distance that the resistance of supervening strut when being equivalent to the horizontal blade of not installation produces, thereby slow down the frictional force that the gravity owing to the blower fan rotating part produces and the wearing and tearing of key position.Apparatus structure is simple, and cost is cheap with respect to magnetic levitation technology, also convenient for maintaining and installation simultaneously, and the working life of wind-driven generator is exported and prolonged to the power that has effectively promoted vertical axis aerogenerator.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that just the waiting of vertical axis aerogenerator of strut band feather of the present invention angle blade surveyed view;
Fig. 2 is the plan view of the vertical axis aerogenerator of strut band feather of the present invention angle blade;
Fig. 3 is that the horizontal blade aerofoil profile of vertical axis aerogenerator of strut band feather of the present invention angle blade rises the resistance schematic representation;
Fig. 4 is the single horizontal blade schematic representation of vertical axis aerogenerator of strut band feather of the present invention angle blade;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation on the vertical axis aerogenerator chassis of strut band feather of the present invention angle blade;
Fig. 6 is that roller is arranged schematic representation in the vertical axis aerogenerator of strut band feather of the present invention angle blade;
Fig. 7 is vertical axis aerogenerator " worker " the font roller structure schematic representation of strut band feather of the present invention angle blade;
Fig. 8 is that the horizontal blade strut of vertical axis aerogenerator of strut band feather of the present invention angle blade is connected schematic representation with the top blade;
Fig. 9 is that the vertical axis aerogenerator roller of strut band feather of the present invention angle blade contacts schematic representation with base plate.
Embodiment
Do further description below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.
The vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather of the present invention angle blade; Comprise vertically disposed main shaft 1; 4 lift-type blades 2 laterally arrange with main shaft 1; 8 struts 3 are rigidly connected with blade, main shaft respectively, and horizontally disposed blade 4 is enclosed within on the strut 3, and blade 4 links to each other with the blade rotation controling mechanism.Be respectively arranged with strut 3 and blade 4 up and down between the two ends at every blade 2 and main shaft 1; Be respectively blade and following blade; The below of following blade is provided with chassis 6, and said blade rotation controling mechanism comprises the roller 5 that is installed in down blade blade root trailing edge place, and roller 5 links to each other with following blade through a drive link 8; Vertically disposed thin bar 9 passes the trailing edge of blade 41 and following blade 42 respectively; 6 upper surfaces are provided with roller track 61 on the chassis, and roller 5 moves on roller track 61, and each point is not on same horizontal plane on the said roller track 61.Blade 3 is followed blade 2 and is rotated to diverse location and can change the angle of attack periodically automatically; When blade 2 rotates against the wind; Blade 4 angles of attack reduce on the connecting rod, and when blade 2 rotated with the wind, blade 4 angles of attack increased; Whole rotating part will be the strong point with the point of contact on roller 5 and chassis 6, and upwards " floating " rises.
Locate to be provided with spring 10 below the blade 41 on the thin bar 9, make that two blade motion states are consistent on the same vertical blade, and strut 3 is being provided with blade rotating limit device 11.
Said roller track 61 comprises the circular groove on same circumference 62 and arc cam 63 that is arranged at chassis 6, and circular groove 62 and arc cam 63 are that symmetric points are symmetrical set with the center of circle, and are provided with one group.
The size of chassis circular groove 62 and arc cam 63 should design according to the blade needed angle of attack that is in operation; And chassis independent rotation; By wind vane adjustment orientation, make that the angle of attack reduced when horizontal blade what wind direction in office can both keep moving against the wind, the angle of attack increases when moving with the wind.
Further, the present invention also comprises upwind mark 71 and following wind vane 72, and is fixedly connected with bearing, the chassis 6 on main shaft 1 top respectively with through horizontal brace rod 73, is fixedly connected through vertical connecting rod 74 between upwind mark 71 and the following wind vane 72.Distance between upwind mark 71 and the following wind vane 72 is greater than the length of blade 2, and the brachium of horizontal brace rod 73 is greater than the blade turning radius.
Further, blade 2 and blade 4 are processed by C-base composte material, and upwind mark and play wind vane 72 are processed by lightweight, high tenacity, corrosion-resistant plastic plate, and strut 3 is processed with roller employing stainless steel, and chassis and bearing housing select for use 45 steel or A3 steel to process.
Embodiment one: as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2 be the vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather angle blade; Calculate its rotating part (comprising vertical blade, strut, horizontal blade, generator amature) gravity G; When calculating vertical axis aerogenerator the horizontal oar leaf not being installed, the resistance that produces at rated speed, wind speed lower connecting rod is apart from M
f
Embodiment two: for the design level blade is selected the aerofoil profile that has than the high lift-drag ratio characteristic for use, in the incoming flow wind speed, the airspeed of aerofoil profile upper surface is higher, and the airspeed of lower surface is lower, forms one around the mobile circulation of aerofoil profile.By Bernoulli's theory, circulation causes the upper surface pressure of aerofoil profile to be lower than ambient air pressure, the projecting air pressure of lower surface pressure, and like Fig. 3 (a), what make the airfoil surface generation rises resistance shown in Fig. 3 (b).
Embodiment three: by the horizontal blade of aerodynamics Design Theory at nominal linear speed V
Rate=rw
0The chord length of airfoil and torsional angle distribute like Fig. 4, make 8 horizontal blades vertical lift F that (angle of attack is constant in the theoretical calculation) produces under this rotating speed of design
L=G, resistance F
DThe resistance that main shaft is produced is apart from M
D=M
fIn conjunction with design wind-driven generator size, calculate the horizontal blade absolute velocity of advancing against the wind and be distributed as: V
Rel=V
Rate+ V
0, the horizontal blade absolute velocity of with the wind advancing is distributed as: V
Rel=V
Rate-V
0, wherein, V
RelFor absolute velocity on the horizontal blade with the distribution of radius r, w
0Be the rated speed of vertical axis aerogenerator, V
0Be rated wind speed.Horizontal blade is in the variation of the different azimuth angle of attack of operation in the incoming flow wind speed to set horizontal blade, and the lift that produces when horizontal blade is moved at each different azimuth place is consistent.
Embodiment four: choose the cross section aerofoil profile of horizontal blade, bore penetration hole such as Fig. 4 apart from the aerodynamic center place of leading edge 1/4, be inserted in strut, the blade surface aerodynamic lift F that makes a concerted effort in its chord length near the main shaft place
LAct on this hole, wind-driven generator rotating part gravity G also acts on this hole, and two force directions are opposite, act on same the straight line.Synthesizing pitch moment on this hole simultaneously, to make horizontal blade be fulcrum with roller and chassis point of contact, upwards " float ".
Embodiment five: run to the change profile of different azimuth angle of attack according to above-mentioned horizontal blade, design has chassis such as Fig. 5 of groove and boss.The variable in distance of groove and boss upper surface and chassis card is consistent with respect to the angle of attack variation, and recess width is greater than the boss width.
Embodiment six: according to height and the groove and the boss size design rotary roller of strut, rotary roller is fixed on the airfoil trailing edge place, and roller shaft axle line and strut shape have a certain degree, and the orientation of its axis alignment of shafts is as shown in Figure 6.The similar train wheel of roller structure, cross section are " worker " font, and in the time of on boss, the roller edge blocks boss just, and when groove, recess edge encases roller just, plays position-limiting action, and is as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment seven: the two horizontal blades up and down that are connected with same vertical blade connect at the thin bar of its trailing edge utilization near the main shaft place; It is consistent to make two blades run to the same position angle of attack variation; The joint is provided with spring, alleviates the vibrations of rotor in operation process, and limit stoper is set on strut; Horizontal blade is rotated, like Fig. 8 in the angle of attack of setting.
Embodiment eight: the chassis that will have groove and boss is designed to the independent rotation body; Its motion mode is not influenced by top rotating part; At the main shaft top flexible rotary bearing is set; Be fixedly connected the two piece parallel, horizontal connecting rods vertical with bottom chassis at bearing with main shaft, at fixing two wind vanes in horizontal brace rod place up and down, as shown in Figure 1.When wind direction changes; Wind-driven generator impeller not wind-engaging is rotated further to influence, and wind vane receives wind and through horizontal brace rod the chassis produced moment, adjustment orientation, chassis; The roller that remains blade its afterbody when moving against the wind rolls in groove; Roller rolls on boss with the wind when moving, and realizes the function of the horizontal blade angle of attack of adjustment automatically, rolling partial schematic diagram such as Fig. 9.
Embodiment nine: theory combines with experiment; Constantly respectively install binding site and size more than the adjustment; When making the blade running; All the time the point of contact with roller and chassis is the strong point, and the blade leading edge portion receives lift effect straight up to drive rotating part " to float " to get up and slow down frictional force and the wearing and tearing that its gravity causes bearing.
Claims (9)
1. the vertical axis aerogenerator of a strut band feather angle blade comprises vertically disposed main shaft (1), and blade (2) laterally arranges with main shaft (1); Strut (3) is rigidly connected with blade, main shaft respectively; Horizontally disposed blade (4) is enclosed within on the strut (3), it is characterized in that: blade (4) links to each other with the blade rotation controling mechanism, is respectively arranged with strut (3) and blade (4) up and down between the two ends at every blade (2) and main shaft (1); Blade is respectively blade and following blade; The below of following blade is provided with chassis (6), and said blade rotation controling mechanism comprises the roller (5) that is installed in down blade blade root trailing edge place, and roller (5) links to each other with following blade through a drive link (8); Vertically disposed thin bar (9) passes the trailing edge of blade (41) and following blade (42) respectively; (6) upper surface is provided with roller track (61) on the chassis, and roller (5) is gone up motion at roller track (61), and said roller track (61) is gone up each point not on same horizontal plane.
2. the vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather according to claim 1 angle blade, it is characterized in that: said roller track (61) comprises circular groove on same circumference (62) and the arc cam (63) that is arranged at chassis (6).
3. the vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather according to claim 2 angle blade, it is characterized in that: said circular groove (62) and arc cam (63) are that symmetric points are symmetrical set with the center of circle.
4. the vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather according to claim 2 angle blade, it is characterized in that: said circular groove (62) and arc cam (63) are provided with one group.
5. the vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather according to claim 2 angle blade; It is characterized in that: the variable in distance of circular groove and arc cam upper surface and chassis card is consistent with respect to angle of attack variation, and the circular groove width is greater than the arc cam width.
6. the vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather according to claim 1 angle blade is characterized in that: the place, last blade (41) below at thin bar (9) is provided with spring (10), and strut (3) is provided with blade rotating limit device (11).
7. the vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather according to claim 1 angle blade; It is characterized in that: also comprise upwind mark (71) and following wind vane (72); And be fixedly connected with bearing, chassis (6) on main shaft (1) top through horizontal brace rod (73) respectively, be fixedly connected through vertical connecting rod (74) between upwind mark (71) and the following wind vane (72).
8. the vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather according to claim 7 angle blade; It is characterized in that: the distance between upwind mark (71) and the following wind vane (72) is greater than the length of blade (2), and the brachium of horizontal brace rod (73) is greater than the blade turning radius.
9. the vertical axis aerogenerator of a kind of strut band feather according to claim 7 angle blade; It is characterized in that: blade (2) and blade (4) are processed by C-base composte material; Upwind mark and following wind vane (72) are processed by lightweight, high tenacity, corrosion-resistant plastic plate; Strut (3) and roller adopt stainless steel to process, and chassis and bearing housing select for use 45 steel or A3 steel to process.
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| CN 201110225756 CN102305182B (en) | 2011-08-08 | 2011-08-08 | Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) with support bars with variable pitch angle blades |
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| CN 201110225756 CN102305182B (en) | 2011-08-08 | 2011-08-08 | Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) with support bars with variable pitch angle blades |
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| CN102305182B true CN102305182B (en) | 2012-12-12 |
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| CN107905945A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2018-04-13 | 李洪泽 | Adjust the leaf paddle head of the Universal Windmill of paddle length |
| CN103277246B (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2015-04-22 | 河海大学常州校区 | Vertical-axis wind turbine with double wind wheels capable of rotating coaxially and oppositely |
| CN104747375B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2019-09-27 | 上海稳得新能源科技有限公司 | Improved extra-large-size vertical-shaft wind turbine generator system |
| CN103670941B (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2016-02-03 | 天津市职业大学 | A kind of feather vertical axis aerogenerator |
| CN104832372B (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2019-09-27 | 上海稳得新能源科技有限公司 | The vertical shaft wind electric system of 10MW grades of aerodynamic braking |
| CN103883481A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-06-25 | 河海大学 | Guide blade type straight blade lift force wind wheel |
| CN106593768B (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2023-10-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine blade real-time variable attack angle device |
| CN107013414B (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2019-02-05 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of change angle of attack method and device thereof of H-type vertical axis aerogenerator |
| GB2561926B (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2020-04-29 | Vertogen Ltd | Wind turbine |
| CN107559138B (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2023-12-12 | 秦春明 | Vertical axis wind power generation device and variable pitch control method thereof |
| CN108757303B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2019-10-29 | 清华大学 | Inclined shaft variable pitch type vertical shaft fan based on inclination hinged blades |
| CN112128051B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-07-06 | 温州砼程维禹科技有限公司 | Vertical multilayer wind power generation device |
| CN115263662B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-06-16 | 山东大学 | Multi-rotor vertical axis fan with rotatable support frame |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2001065446A (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2001-03-16 | Hitoshi Iijima | Cascade structure for vertical shaft type windmill and vertical shaft type windmill |
| JP2003278638A (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-02 | Ebara Corp | Vertical shaft wind mill |
| CN101581278A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2009-11-18 | 尤卫建 | Lift force blade system for aerogenerator |
| CN101699062B (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2012-02-22 | 河海大学 | Guide vane type lifting vertical shaft wind wheel |
| CN101793225A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2010-08-04 | 申振华 | Support rod of vertical axis wind turbine |
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