CN102943218B - Spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo and preparation technology - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo and preparation technology, belong to metallurgical technology technical field.Its component content and weight percent are: C:0.26-0.32%; Si:1.75-1.95%; Mn:1.75-1.95%; Cr:1.75-2.05%; Mo:0.52-0.62%; V:0.15-0.25%; Ni:3.10-3.50%; S :≤0.02%; P :≤0.02%; Fe: surplus.Its preparation technology comprises intermediate frequency smelting, refining, forging, machining, gas quench process, temper.Preparation method of the present invention have employed esr, material obtains secondary refining, reduce nonmetal inclusion material and obnoxious flavour content, improve the both macro and micro tissue of material, chemical composition is even, dense structure, and product hardness is even, and impelling strength is good, without surface-carburized layer, improve the over-all properties of material.

Description

Spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo and preparation technology

Technical field

The invention belongs to metallurgical technology technical field.

Background technology

Along with the progress faster of modernization drilling well, the level of automation of drilling outfit is in continuous lifting, the moment of torsion spinner equipment of drilling tool is also in continuous upgrading, present state-of-the-art iron driller is developed into liquid gas hybrid power tong from original manual tongs, on the general application of the petroleum machinery developed country of America and Europe and land, the drilling operation of the multiple drilling unit in ocean and different field environments, enhancing productivity, reduce labor strength, improve security etc. in serve vital role.The domestic research for iron driller equipment at present is also in the starting stage, the product of existing indivedual factories independent research is introduced to the market, but the gordian technique of individual parts not yet fully matured, and the imported product price of developed countries is relatively costly, so just limit iron driller in the application of China and popularization.

The composition of iron driller comprises binding clip assembly, arm assembly, electrohydraulic control system, and binding clip assembly comprises spinner assembly, main pincers assembly and clamped assembly, and wherein spinner assembly comprises oil motor, spinner frame and spinner roller.The effect of spinner roller is: under the driving of oil motor, completes the upper and lower drill pipe sub of clamping and upper button work.

Due to the decision of iron driller spinner roller job specification and environment, particularly China has vast territory, the temperature difference great practical situation in north and south determine, under quite complicated and poor working conditions, iron driller spinner roller except will bearing huge mechanical presses stress, also will bear the field environment comparatively large caused internal stress of the temperature difference sooner or later in clamping, spinner work.

China, for the research starting relatively evening of iron driller equipment, not yet forms a kind of material being specifically designed to iron driller spinner roller and making, and more domestic iron driller research and development producer generally adopts the materials such as 40Cr, 35CrMo to make at present.

Mo, V, Ni element is lacked in 40Cr material, this just causes this material its toughness under the condition with higher-strength relatively poor, if this material needs to realize higher intensity simultaneously, just must adopt quench, tempering process, quenching wet goods medium just certainly will be used in the process of tempering of quenching, so just inevitable to environment protection generation adverse influence;

The relative 40Cr of 35CrMo material suitably with the addition of the content of Mo, to improve the intensity of material, but also there is the same problem with 40Cr in this material: material its toughness under the condition with higher-strength is relatively poor, if this material needs to realize higher intensity simultaneously, also must adopt quench, tempering process, equally to environment protection produce adverse influence;

Due to the need of work of spinner roller, the intensity of its material can't be too low, and collapse because likely may press when being squeezed like this, be out of shape, the material of making spinner roller also needs to possess good toughness under the condition of high strength simultaneously.Due to the reason of above-mentioned 40Cr, 35CrMo material property, the spinner roller adopting this bi-material to make is when being squeezed, the impact rubbed, can cause spinner roller coating metal under the effect of additional potential stress, produce brittle cracking tendency, be on active service in low temperature environment when particularly these strengths of materials are too high and more easily produce low temperature brittleness fracture tendency.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo and preparation technology, to solve the reason that prior art states material property, spinner roller is when being squeezed, the impact rubbed, can cause spinner roller coating metal under the effect of additional potential stress, produce brittle cracking tendency, be on active service in low temperature environment when particularly these strengths of materials are too high and more easily produce the problems such as low temperature brittleness fracture tendency.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is the constituent content that improve Si, Mn, Cr, Mo in iron driller spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo feed composition, to reach the object of the intensity improving material; Simultaneously by increasing the constituent content of V, Ni, suitably reducing the constituent content of C, reach refiner material crystal grain, improve the object of toughness of material; Refining of the present invention is by adopting special slag system, control smelting voltage, electric current and crystallizer leaving water temperature(LWT), reach and improve steel purity, reduce gas content and the object being mingled with material, the present invention simultaneously, by expanding the techniques such as hydrogen process, repeatedly upsetting pull forging, forging stock annealing, reaches the object improving steel over-all properties; In addition, material heat treatment of the present invention adopts positive tempering process, breaches alloy steel material and will realize higher-strength, must adopt the principle of temper technique of quenching, realize the object of environment protection.

Spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo component content and weight percent are: C:0.26-0.32%; Si:1.75-1.95%; Mn:1.75-1.95%; Cr:1.75-2.05%; Mo:0.52-0.62%; V:0.15-0.25%; Ni:3.10-3.50%; S :≤0.02%; P :≤0.02%; Fe: surplus.

The step of preparation process of spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo is as follows:

(1) intermediate frequency is smelted:

First basic lining material is adopted to dry 3-5 hour, temperature controls at 450-500 DEG C, then according to above-mentioned chemical composition formula batching, drop in medium-frequency induction furnace, after the complete uniform melt of thrown furnace charge, tapping casting becomes electrode ingot, and molten steel tapping temperature controls at 1550-1600 DEG C, the electrode ingot be cast into, proceeds to next step stand-by;

(2) refining:

Above-mentioned electrode ingot is carried out refining by esr, to improve steel purity, reduces gas content and be mingled with material, institute obtains that chemical composition is even, the electroslag remelting steel ingot of dense structure, and the main technologic parameters of its refining is as follows:

A, four element slag system proportionings: aluminum oxide 25-30%; Calcium oxide 25-30%; Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 25-30%; Surplus is silicon oxide;

B, voltage: during electric slag refusion and smelting, voltage control is at 45-55V;

C, electric current: because the size of electric current determines speed of melting, and the too fast meeting of speed of melting causes the internal defect of ESR ingot, so by current control within 7000-7500A scope;

D, crystallizer output water temperature: control between 40-50 DEG C;

(3) ESR ingot expands hydrogen process:

ESR ingot is loaded after expanding hydrogen stove and be warming up to 710-730 DEG C of insulation after 24-36 hour, be down to after below 400 DEG C until furnace temperature and come out of the stove, complete ESR ingot and expand hydrogen process, reach further uniform formation, remove hydrogen content in steel, improve the object of steel over-all properties;

(4) forge:

The ESR ingot room temperature expanded after hydrogen process is loaded process furnace, is heated to 700-720 DEG C of insulation 180-240 minute; Again be warming up to 1000-1050 DEG C of insulation 60-80 minute; Heat up after completing heating again, is heated to 1160-1190 DEG C of insulation 30-45 minute; To come out of the stove forging, initial forging temperature 1150-1180 DEG C, through repeatedly upsetting pull forging, final forging temperature controls at 950-980 DEG C, proceeds to holding furnace furnace cooling to 800-850 DEG C, proceeds to spheroidizing annealing furnace;

(5) forging stock annealing:

Above-mentioned forging stock is proceeded to spheroidizing annealing furnace; Be warming up to 850-880 DEG C of insulation 8-10 hour, be chilled to less than 400 DEG C with stove and come out of the stove, complete the annealing of forging stock;

(6) machining:

Forging stock after above-mentioned annealing is completed the roughing of forging stock by machining apparatus such as band saw machine, engine lathe, digital controlled lathes, reach customer order or design requirements geometrical dimension and processing request;

(7) gas is quenched process:

Stove of being quenched by the material base processed threading vacuum steam is heated to 720-740 DEG C of insulation 60-90 minute; Carry out subordinate phase intensification after being incubated, be warming up to 920-940 DEG C of insulation 60-90 minute, be incubated the cooling of rear inflated with nitrogen, treated that workpiece is chilled to less than 100 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove to room temperature, proceed to lower operation tempering;

(8) temper:

The workpiece processed of being quenched by above-mentioned gas loads vacuum tempering furnace, and be warming up to 330-350 DEG C of insulation 6-8 hour, air cooling of coming out of the stove, to room temperature, completes first time tempering; Again load vacuum tempering furnace, be heated to 300-330 DEG C of insulation 6-8 hour air cooling of coming out of the stove to room temperature, complete second time tempering; Obtained spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo of the present invention.

The present invention have employed esr in processing method, material is made to obtain secondary refining, reduce the nonmetal inclusion material in steel and obnoxious flavour content, improve the both macro and micro tissue of material, obtain chemical composition evenly, the steel of the high-quality of dense structure; Present invention employs the advanced positive tempering process technology of vacuum simultaneously, make the present invention obtain uniform hardness and good impelling strength, there is no surface-carburized layer, improve the over-all properties of material.The present invention has better toughness than 40Cr, 35CrMo steel grade, more easily meets the practical situation that China's north and south temperature difference is large.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described:

Fig. 1 is that the present invention and the room temperature impact Toughness Ratio of 40Cr under same rigidity condition are to graphic representation;

Fig. 2 is that the present invention and the room temperature impact Toughness Ratio of 35CrMo under same rigidity condition are to graphic representation.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

To make Φ 145 × 145 iron driller spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo:

The chemical composition proportioning of iron driller spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo is C:0.27%; Si:1.78%; Mn:1.80%; Cr:1.78%; Mo:0.53%; V:0.18%; Ni:3.15%; S:0.005%; P :≤.005%; Fe: surplus.

Concrete step of preparation process is as follows:

(1) intermediate frequency is smelted:

First basic lining material is adopted to dry 3 hours, temperature controls at 450 DEG C, then according to above-mentioned chemical composition formula batching, drop in medium-frequency induction furnace, after the complete uniform melt of thrown furnace charge, tapping casting becomes electrode ingot, and molten steel tapping temperature controls at 1550 DEG C, the electrode ingot be cast into, proceeds to next step stand-by;

(2) refining:

The above-mentioned electrode ingot for preparing is carried out esr, and the main technologic parameters of its refining is as follows:

A, this implementation process employing slag system proportioning is: aluminum oxide 25%; Calcium oxide 25%; Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 25%; Silicon oxide 25%;

Voltage is adopted to be 45V during b, this implementation process electric slag refusion and smelting;

Electric current is adopted to be 7000A during c, this implementation process electric slag refusion and smelting;

D, this implementation process crystallizer output water temperature is 40 DEG C;

(3) ESR ingot expands hydrogen process:

ESR ingot is loaded after expanding hydrogen stove and be warming up to 710 DEG C of insulations after 24 hours, treat that furnace temperature is down to 380 DEG C and is come out of the stove.

(4) forge:

The ESR ingot room temperature expanded after hydrogen process is loaded process furnace, is heated to 700 DEG C of insulations 180 minutes; Secondary temperature elevation to 1000 DEG C insulation 60 minutes; Again be warming up to 1160 DEG C of insulations 30 minutes; To come out of the stove forging, initial forging temperature 1150 DEG C, through 3 upsetting pulls forging, final forging temperature is 950 DEG C, proceeds to holding furnace furnace cooling 800 DEG C, proceeds to spheroidizing annealing furnace;

(5) forging stock annealing:

Above-mentioned forging stock is proceeded to spheroidizing annealing furnace; Be warming up to 850 DEG C of insulations 8 hours, be chilled to 380 DEG C with stove and come out of the stove, complete the annealing of forging stock;

(6) machining:

Forging stock after above-mentioned annealing is completed the machining of forging stock by machining apparatus such as band saw machine, engine lathe, digital controlled lathes, reach design Φ 145 × 145 and processing request;

(7) gas is quenched process:

Stove of being quenched by the above-mentioned material base threading vacuum steam processed is heated to 720 DEG C of insulations 60 minutes; Secondary temperature elevation to 920 DEG C insulation 60 minutes, be incubated rear inflated with nitrogen and has cooled, and treats that workpiece is chilled to 80 DEG C and comes out of the stove and be chilled to room temperature, proceeds to lower operation tempering;

(8) temper:

The workpiece processed of being quenched by above-mentioned gas loads vacuum tempering furnace, is warming up to 330 DEG C of insulations 6 hours, and air cooling of coming out of the stove, to room temperature, completes first time tempering; Again load vacuum tempering furnace, be heated to 300 DEG C of insulations, 6 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove to room temperature, complete this implementation process.

Embodiment 2

To make Φ 140 × 140 iron driller spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo:

The chemical composition proportioning adopted is C:0.29%; Si:1.85%; Mn:1.85%; Cr:1.9%; Mo:0.57%; V:0.2%; Ni:3.3%; S:0.01%; P:0.01%; Fe: surplus.

The concrete steps of the present embodiment are as follows:

(1) intermediate frequency is smelted:

First basic lining material is adopted to dry 4 hours, temperature controls at 480 DEG C, then according to above-mentioned chemical composition formula batching, drop in medium-frequency induction furnace, after the complete uniform melt of thrown furnace charge, tapping casting becomes electrode ingot, and molten steel tapping temperature controls at 1580 DEG C, the electrode ingot be cast into, proceeds to next step stand-by;

(2) refining:

The above-mentioned electrode ingot for preparing is carried out esr, adopts processing parameter as follows:

A, four element slag system proportionings are aluminum oxide 27%; Calcium oxide 27%; Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 27%; Silicon oxide 19%;

When b, the present embodiment electric slag refusion and smelting, voltage is 50V;

When c, the present embodiment electric slag refusion and smelting, electric current is 7250A;

When d, the present embodiment electric slag refusion and smelting, crystallizer output water temperature is 45 DEG C;

(3) ESR ingot expands hydrogen process:

The present embodiment ESR ingot expands hydrogen treatment process: be warming up to 720 DEG C of insulations after ESR ingot shove charge after 30 hours, be chilled to 370 DEG C come out of the stove with stove;

(4) forge:

By the ESR ingot room temperature shove charge after the process of above-mentioned expansion hydrogen, be warmed up to 710 DEG C of insulations 210 minutes; Again be warming up to 1025 DEG C of insulations 70 minutes; Heat up after completing heating again, is heated to 1175 DEG C of insulations 40 minutes; To come out of the stove forging, initial forging temperature 1165 DEG C, through repeatedly upsetting pull forging, final forging temperature is 965 DEG C, proceeds to holding furnace furnace cooling to 810 DEG C, proceeds to spheroidizing annealing furnace;

(5) forging stock annealing:

Above-mentioned forging stock is proceeded to spheroidizing annealing furnace; Be warming up to 865 DEG C of insulations 9 hours, be chilled to 370 DEG C with stove and come out of the stove, complete the annealing of forging stock;

(6) machining:

Forging stock after above-mentioned annealing is completed the machining of forging stock by machining apparatus such as band saw machine, engine lathe, digital controlled lathes, reach design Φ 140 × 140 and processing request;

(7) gas is quenched process:

Stove of being quenched by the material base processed threading vacuum steam is heated to 730 DEG C of insulations 75 minutes; Secondary temperature elevation to 930 DEG C insulation 75 minutes, be incubated rear inflated with nitrogen and has cooled, and treats that workpiece is chilled to less than 80 DEG C and comes out of the stove and be chilled to room temperature, proceeds to lower operation tempering;

(8) temper:

The workpiece processed of being quenched by above-mentioned gas loads vacuum tempering furnace, is warming up to 340 DEG C of insulations 7 hours, and air cooling of coming out of the stove, to room temperature, completes first time tempering; Again load vacuum tempering furnace, be heated to 315 DEG C of insulations, 7 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove to room temperature, complete this implementation process.

Embodiment 3

To make Φ 155 × 160 iron driller spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo:

The chemical composition proportioning adopted is C:0.32%; Si:1.95%; Mn:1.95%; Cr:2.05%; Mo:0.62%; V:0.25%; Ni:3.50%; S:0.02%; P:0.02%; Fe: surplus.

The concrete steps of the present embodiment are as follows:

(1) intermediate frequency is smelted:

First basic lining material is adopted to dry 5 hours, temperature controls at 500 DEG C, then according to above-mentioned chemical composition formula batching, drop in medium-frequency induction furnace, after the complete uniform melt of thrown furnace charge, tapping casting becomes electrode ingot, and molten steel tapping temperature controls at 1600 DEG C, the electrode ingot be cast into, proceeds to next step stand-by; ;

(2) refining (esr):

The above-mentioned electrode ingot for preparing is carried out esr, adopts processing parameter as follows:

A, four element slag system proportionings are aluminum oxide 30%; Calcium oxide 30%; Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 30%; Silicon oxide 10%;

When b, the present embodiment electric slag refusion and smelting, voltage is 55V;

When c, the present embodiment electric slag refusion and smelting, electric current is 7500A;

When d, the present embodiment electric slag refusion and smelting, crystallizer output water temperature is 50 DEG C;

(3) ESR ingot expands hydrogen process:

The present embodiment ESR ingot expands hydrogen treatment process: be warming up to 730 DEG C of insulations 36 hours after ESR ingot shove charge, be chilled to 350 DEG C come out of the stove with stove;

(4) forge:

By the ESR ingot room temperature shove charge after the process of above-mentioned expansion hydrogen, be heated to 720 DEG C of insulations 240 minutes; Again be warming up to 1050 DEG C of insulations 80 minutes; Heat up after completing heating again, is heated to 1190 DEG C of insulations 45 minutes; To come out of the stove forging, initial forging temperature 1180 DEG C, through repeatedly upsetting pull forging, final forging temperature is 980 DEG C, proceeds to holding furnace furnace cooling to 820 DEG C, proceeds to spheroidizing annealing furnace;

(5) forging stock annealing:

Above-mentioned forging stock is proceeded to spheroidizing annealing furnace; Be warming up to 880 DEG C of insulations 10 hours, be chilled to 350 DEG C with stove and come out of the stove, complete the annealing of forging stock;

(6) machining:

Forging stock after above-mentioned annealing is completed the roughing of forging stock by machining apparatus such as band saw machine, engine lathe, digital controlled lathes, reach design Φ 155 × 160 and processing request;

(7) gas is quenched process:

Stove of being quenched by the material base processed threading vacuum steam is heated to 740 DEG C of insulations 90 minutes; Carry out subordinate phase intensification after being incubated, be warming up to 940 DEG C of insulations 90 minutes, be incubated the cooling of rear inflated with nitrogen, treated that workpiece is chilled to 70 DEG C of stoves and is chilled to room temperature, proceed to lower operation tempering;

(8) temper:

The workpiece processed of being quenched by above-mentioned gas loads vacuum tempering furnace, is warming up to 350 DEG C of insulations 8 hours, and air cooling of coming out of the stove, to room temperature, completes first time tempering; Again load vacuum tempering furnace, be heated to 330 DEG C of insulations, 8 hours air coolings of coming out of the stove to room temperature, complete this implementation process.

Claims (1)

1. a spinner roller preparation technology of steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo, component content and weight percent are: C:0.26-0.32%; Si:1.75-1.95%; Mn:1.75-1.95%; Cr:1.75-2.05%; Mo:0.52-0.62%; V:0.15-0.25%; Ni:3.10-3.50%; S :≤0.02%; P :≤0.02%; Fe: surplus; It is characterized in that step is as follows:

(1) intermediate frequency is smelted:

First basic lining material is adopted to dry 3-5 hour, temperature controls at 450-500 DEG C, then according to above-mentioned chemical composition formula batching, drop in medium-frequency induction furnace, after the complete uniform melt of thrown furnace charge, tapping casting becomes electrode ingot, and molten steel tapping temperature controls at 1550-1600 DEG C, the electrode ingot be cast into, proceeds to next step stand-by;

(2) refining:

Above-mentioned electrode ingot is carried out refining by esr, and the main technologic parameters of its refining is as follows:

A, four element slag system proportionings: aluminum oxide 25-30%; Calcium oxide 25-30%; Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 25-30%; Surplus is silicon oxide;

B, voltage: during electric slag refusion and smelting, voltage control is at 45-55V;

C, electric current: by current control within 7000-7500A scope;

D, crystallizer output water temperature: control between 40-50 DEG C;

(3) ESR ingot expands hydrogen process:

ESR ingot is loaded after expanding hydrogen stove and be warming up to 710-730 DEG C of insulation after 24-36 hour, be down to after below 400 DEG C until furnace temperature and come out of the stove, complete ESR ingot and expand hydrogen process;

(4) forge:

The ESR ingot room temperature expanded after hydrogen process is loaded process furnace, is heated to 700-720 DEG C of insulation 180-240 minute; Again be warming up to 1000-1050 DEG C of insulation 60-80 minute; Heat up after completing heating again, is heated to 1160-1190 DEG C of insulation 30-45 minute; To come out of the stove forging, initial forging temperature 1150-1180 DEG C, through repeatedly upsetting pull forging, final forging temperature controls at 950-980 DEG C, proceeds to holding furnace furnace cooling to 800-850 DEG C, proceeds to spheroidizing annealing furnace;

(5) forging stock annealing:

Above-mentioned forging stock is proceeded to spheroidizing annealing furnace; Be warming up to 850-880 DEG C of insulation 8-10 hour, be chilled to less than 400 DEG C with stove and come out of the stove, complete the annealing of forging stock;

(6) machining:

Forging stock after above-mentioned annealing is completed the roughing of forging stock by machining apparatus such as band saw machine, engine lathe, digital controlled lathes, reach customer order or design requirements geometrical dimension and processing request;

(7) gas is quenched process:

Stove of being quenched by the material base processed threading vacuum steam is heated to 720-740 DEG C of insulation 60-90 minute; Carry out subordinate phase intensification after being incubated, be warming up to 920-940 DEG C of insulation 60-90 minute, be incubated the cooling of rear inflated with nitrogen, treated that workpiece is chilled to less than 100 DEG C air coolings of coming out of the stove to room temperature, proceed to lower operation tempering;

(8) temper:

The workpiece processed of being quenched by above-mentioned gas loads vacuum tempering furnace, and be warming up to 330-350 DEG C of insulation 6-8 hour, air cooling of coming out of the stove, to room temperature, completes first time tempering; Again load vacuum tempering furnace, be heated to 300-330 DEG C of insulation 6-8 hour air cooling of coming out of the stove to room temperature, complete second time tempering; Obtained spinner roller steel 27Cr2Ni3SiMn2Mo of the present invention.