CN106282750A - A kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel - Google Patents
A kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106282750A CN106282750A CN201610835307.2A CN201610835307A CN106282750A CN 106282750 A CN106282750 A CN 106282750A CN 201610835307 A CN201610835307 A CN 201610835307A CN 106282750 A CN106282750 A CN 106282750A
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- steel
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- electroslag
- electroslag remelting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to mould steel production technical field, be specifically related to a kind of being mingled with by control oxide during liquid steel refining, to improve the production method of carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel.Described method includes melting, external refining, casting and electroslag remelting successively；Raw material is smelted into molten steel, subsequently molten steel and prepares consutrode through external refining, casting successively by described melting, further described consutrode is refined into electroslag ingot casting through described electroslag remelting, it is characterized in that, by controlling oxide is mingled with in steel kind in described external refining and avoiding generating new Al in electroslag remelting simultaneously2O3It is mingled with, it is to avoid produce nitride and the forming core core of primary carbide, and then realize carbide size and the control of distribution in Electro Slag Remelting Steel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mould steel production technical field, be specifically related to a kind of by controlling oxygen during liquid steel refining
Compound is mingled with, to improve the method for carbide in mould steel.
Background technology
Mould steel contains the highest carbon and alloying element content, therefore steel inevitably generates substantial amounts of once
Carbide and proeutectoid carbide.These carbides often become steel at rolling (or forging), tool and mould processing and tool and mould
Formation of crack during use.Meanwhile, carbide also can substantially reduce the impact flexibility of steel, surface quality and fatigability
Energy.
Special Steel Both At Home And Abroad enterprise produces the commonly used converter of high-quality mould steel (electric furnace or induction furnace) melting → LF
The production technology of external refining → VD (or RH) → continuous casting (or molding) → electroslag remelting.Wherein, electroslag remelting is to produce Gao Pin
The key link of matter mould steel quality control.In electroslag remelting tool and mould molten steel process of setting, carbon, nitrogen and alloying element
(such as Cr, Mo, V, Ti) easily Local enrichment, particularly in the liquid phase that interdendritic is remaining, thus generates primary carbide and nitrogen
Compound.Esr process is the source that in steel, primary carbide and nitride produce.Primary carbide in electroslag ingot casting exists
Follow-up hot procedure is difficult to eliminate, can retain to the steel of finished heat treatment state.After primary carbide also can affect
The size of proeutectoid carbide, distribution in continuous ingot casting hot procedure.Therefore, esr process controls improving a carbon in steel
Proeutectoid carbide during compound and subsequent thermal processing has vital effect.
In order to improve the cleanliness factor of molten steel, external interior enterprise is universal during the smelting and external refining of consutrode steel
Employing aluminium deoxidation operates.This will inevitably make to produce substantial amounts of Al in steel2O3With MgO Al2O3Field trash.Theoretical research
Show with production practices, the original field trash of a part can only removed in consutrode by electroslag remelting process.Institute in molten steel
Derive from consutrode and in Electroslag Process the most removed Al2O3With MgO Al2O3Field trash, and Electroslag Process
Newly-generated Al2O3It is mingled with, the most all can become primary carbide and the core of dimensional electron forming core in mould steel
The heart, thus promote the forming core of primary carbide and grow up, also exacerbate the inhomogeneities of carbide in Electro Slag Remelting Steel.These carbon
Compound and nitride are difficult to eliminate in the hot procedure that electroslag ingot casting is follow-up, can retain to steel belt roof bolt state, seriously always
Affect impact flexibility and the service life of steel.Nitridation is promoted still without solving field trash currently for electroslag remelting mould steel
Thing and primary carbide forming core with grow up, the problem aggravating its nonunf ormity.
All the time, domestic and international Special Steel Enterprise attempts (to be added as adjusted in the molten speed of electroslag remelting, steel by various methods
Alloying element) control the primary carbide in Electro Slag Remelting Steel.But for the mould steel that alloying element content is high, these sides
Method still suffers from various limitation in improving Electro Slag Remelting Steel in terms of primary carbide, effect is the most limited.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of being mingled with, to change by control oxide during liquid steel refining
The method of carbide in kind electroslag remelting mould steel.Present invention can be suitably applied to alloy in high-carbon high-alloy mould steel and middle carbon
Steel.It is mingled with oxide in solution mould steel and becomes nitride and primary carbide forming core core, cause promoting carbide
Generate and grow up, problem pockety.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, described method include successively melting, external refining,
Casting and electroslag remelting；Raw material smelting is become molten steel to prepare consutrode, warp through external refining, casting the most successively by described melting
Described consutrode is refined into electroslag ingot casting by described electroslag remelting further, by controlling oxygen in steel in described external refining
Kind that compound is mingled with also is avoided generating new Al in electroslag remelting simultaneously2O3It is mingled with, it is to avoid produce nitride and a carbonization
The forming core core of thing, and then realize carbide size refinement and equally distributed control in Electro Slag Remelting Steel.
Further, controlling the concrete mode of kind that in steel, oxide is mingled with during described external refining is to use
Molten steel aluminum deep deoxidation, the Calcium treatment in latter stage of external refining carries out inclusion conditioning, makes the Al in molten steel2O3With MgO Al2O3Folder
Foreign material are changed into calcium-aluminate and are mingled with.Owing to calcium-aluminate field trash does not become nitride and the core of primary carbide forming core
The heart, thus avoid oxide in Electroslag Process and be mingled with and become nitride and the core of primary carbide forming core, it is suppressed that work mould
Have the generation of primary carbide in steel and grow up, also making the distribution of carbide in ingot casting more uniform.
Further, for the molten steel that chemical composition is different, the Al used by described molten steel aluminum deep deoxidation measures according to thermodynamics
Chemical reaction 2 [Al]+3 [O]=(Al2O3)slagBe calculated, it is ensured that the dissolved aluminum mass content in molten steel control 0.015～
0.075%.
Further, described Calcium treatment feeds appropriate calcium line for terminating latter stage in external refining, carries out at inclusion modification
Reason, it is ensured that molten steel calcium aluminum mass ratio is between 0.01～0.15.
Further, SiO in described electroslag remelting pre-melted slag2Mass content≤1.5%, FeO mass content≤
0.2%.
Further, when changing slag before electroslag remelting, the aluminium powder of 3%～the 5% of addition quantity of slag quality is removed with further reduction
Oxide unstable in slag charge.
Further, carry out under dry argon gas atmosphere during electroslag remelting, it is ensured that pressure-fired in gas shield cover, described micro-
Malleation refers to that cover internal gas pressure is micro-and ensures that ambient atmos can not enter in cover more than external atmosphere pressure.
Further, before electroslag remelting, consutrode is carried out the process that strips off the skin, to remove the oxide ferrum of consutrode
Skin, molten steel oxygen supplement when preventing electroslag remelting, produce Al2O3It is mingled with.
Further, esr process whole process forbids using aluminium deoxidation, it is to avoid the Al that Electroslag Process generates2O3Field trash
Become the forming core core of nitride and primary carbide.
Further, described external refining uses LF+VD or LF+RH process route.
Above-mentioned content average mass content.
The Advantageous Effects of the present invention:
The present invention is by before electroslag remelting, big initially with aluminum deep deoxidation in the external refining process of consutrode steel
The oxygen content of amplitude reduction molten steel, subsequently by Calcium treatment modified aluminium deoxidation products Al2O3With MgO Al2O3It is mingled with so that it is become
It is mingled with for calcium-aluminate；Esr process is avoided generate new Al2O3It is mingled with, owing to calcium-aluminate field trash does not become
For nitride and the core of primary carbide forming core, thus avoid oxide in Electroslag Process and be mingled with and become nitride and once
The core of carbide forming core, it is suppressed that the generation of primary carbide and growing up in mould steel, also make carbide in ingot casting point
Cloth is more uniform.Finally, making the impact flexibility of mould steel improve more than 20%, the toughness of tool steel improves at least 3 times.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Typical field trash CaO-MgO-Al in Fig. 1 H13 steel consutrode2O3；
Typical field trash CaO-Al in Fig. 2 H13 steel consutrode2O3；
Typical field trash CaO-Al in Fig. 3 H13 electroslag ingot casting2O3；
Typical field trash CaO-MgO-Al in Fig. 4 H13 electroslag ingot casting2O3；
Typical field trash CaO-Al in Fig. 5 8Cr13MoV tool steel consutrode2O3；
Typical field trash CaO-MgO-Al in Fig. 6 8Cr13MoV tool steel consutrode2O3；
Typical field trash CaO-MgO-Al in Fig. 7 8Cr13MoV tool steel electroslag ingot casting2O3；
Typical field trash CaO-Al in Fig. 8 8Cr13MoV tool steel electroslag ingot casting2O3；
The scanning electron microscope energy spectrogram of field trash in Fig. 9 corresponding diagram 7；
The scanning electron microscope energy spectrogram of field trash in Figure 10 corresponding diagram 8.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right
The present invention is explained in further detail.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
On the contrary, the present invention contain any be defined by the claims the replacement done in the spirit and scope of the present invention, repair
Change, equivalent method and scheme.Further, in order to make the public that the present invention to be had a better understanding, thin to the present invention below
During joint describes, detailed describe some specific detail sections.There is no these detail sections for a person skilled in the art
Description can also understand the present invention completely.
Embodiment one
H13 mould steel consutrode preparation process uses the production technology of BOF → LF → RH → continuous casting.At LF refining process
Middle employing aluminum deep deoxidation.Latter stage is fed pure calcium line in RH refine, carries out the Calcium treatment degeneration of field trash.The addition speed of calcium line is 150
M/min, addition 1.8 meter/ton steel.The continuous casting billet produced is used as consutrode.Consutrode a size of 280mm × 325mm.
Strip off the skin before electroslag remelting process by electrode surface, then welds with dummy electrode.The chemical composition of consutrode is shown in Table 1.Use gas
Body protection electroslag remelting H13 steel.Pressure-fired in esr process gas shield cover.SiO in electroslag remelting slag2Content is
1.5%, FeO content is 0.15%.The quantity of slag is 100 kilograms.Before electroslag remelting, during fritting scorification slag, in slag, add 3.5 public
Jin aluminium powder.The a diameter of 600mm of ESR ingot produced, length 4 meters.Field trash in consutrode steel is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.From
Oxide in power pole steel is CaO-MgO-Al2O3System.After electroslag remelting, in ESR ingot, field trash is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
Oxide in electroslag ingot casting is mingled with still for CaO-MgO-Al2O3System.Oxide in ingot casting does not the most become nitride and once
The core of carbide forming core.Which suppress the generation of large-size carbon compound in H13 steel, refined the carbide in steel, also made carbon
The distribution of compound is more uniform.
The chemical composition (mass%) of table 1 consutrode H13 mould steel
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | V | Ti | Ca | Mg | Al | O | N |
| 0.38 | 0.98 | 0.35 | 5.17 | 1.45 | 0.96 | 0.0078 | 0.0016 | 0.0002 | 0.03 | 0.0022 | 0.0100 |
Embodiment two
8Cr13MoV tool steel consutrode preparation process uses the production technology of induction furnace → LF → VD → molding.At LF
Refining process uses aluminum deep deoxidation, feeds calcium line in the latter stage of VD refine and carries out Calcium treatment inclusion modification.Electroslag remelting is tested
It is shown in Table 2 by the chemical composition of tool steel 8Cr13MoV consutrode.A diameter of 90mm of consutrode.Gas shield electroslag remelting
During argon first pass through gas-drying system and enter gas shield cover.Argon flow amount is 50Nl/min.Electroslag remelting slag
Middle SiO2Content is 1.3%, and FeO content is 0.14%.Pre-melted slag toasts 5 before electroslag remelting is tested in baking oven at 800 DEG C
Hour, each heat experiment quantity of slag is 6 kilograms.Before electroslag remelting, during fritting scorification slag, in slag, add 0.18 kilogram of aluminum
Powder.The electric current of esr process, voltage and crystallizer leaving water temperature are respectively 2600A, 45V and 35 DEG C.Machine before electroslag remelting
The iron scale on consutrode surface is removed in tool polishing.In 8Cr13MoV tool steel electroslag ingot casting typical field trash such as Fig. 7 and
Shown in Fig. 8, in 8Cr13MoV tool steel electroslag ingot casting, the scanning electron microscope energy spectrogram of typical field trash enters as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10
One step demonstrates the oxide in its ingot casting does not the most become nitride and the core of primary carbide forming core.Which suppress
The generation of large-size carbon compound in 8Cr13MoV steel, has refined the carbide in steel, and the distribution also making carbide is more uniform.
The chemical composition (mass%) of table 2 consutrode 8Cr13MoV tool steel
Claims (10)
1. improving a method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, described method includes melting, external refining successively, waters
Casting and electroslag remelting；Raw material is smelted into molten steel and prepares consutrode, through institute through external refining, casting the most successively by described melting
State electroslag remelting and further described consutrode is refined into electroslag ingot casting, it is characterised in that by described external refining
Control oxide is mingled with in steel kind and avoid generating new Al in electroslag remelting simultaneously2O3It is mingled with, it is to avoid produce nitride
With the forming core core of primary carbide, and then realize in Electro Slag Remelting Steel carbide size refinement and equally distributed control.
The most as claimed in claim 1 a kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, it is characterised in that described stove
Controlling the concrete mode of kind that in steel, oxide is mingled with during outer refine is to use molten steel aluminum deep deoxidation, external refining
Latter stage, Calcium treatment carried out inclusion conditioning, made the Al in molten steel2O3With MgO Al2O3Field trash is changed into calcium-aluminate and is mingled with.
The most as claimed in claim 2 a kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, it is characterised in that for change
Study a point different molten steel, Al used by described molten steel aluminum deep deoxidation amount according to thermodynamics chemical reaction 2 [Al]+3 [O]=
(Al2O3)slagIt is calculated, it is ensured that the dissolved aluminum mass content in molten steel controls 0.015～0.075%.
The most as claimed in claim 2 a kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, it is characterised in that described calcium
It is processed as terminating latter stage in external refining and feeds appropriate calcium line, carry out inclusions class, it is ensured that molten steel calcium aluminum mass ratio exists
Between 0.01～0.15.
The most as claimed in claim 1 a kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, it is characterised in that described electricity
SiO in slag remelting pre-melted slag2Mass content≤1.5%, FeO mass content≤0.2%.
The most as claimed in claim 1 a kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, it is characterised in that electroslag weight
During molten frontization slag, the aluminium powder of 3%～the 5% of addition quantity of slag quality removes oxide unstable in slag charge with further reduction.
The most as claimed in claim 1 a kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, it is characterised in that electroslag weight
Carry out under dry argon gas atmosphere time molten, it is ensured that pressure-fired in gas shield cover.
The most as claimed in claim 1 a kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, it is characterised in that electroslag weight
Before Rong, consutrode being carried out the process that strips off the skin, to remove the oxide iron sheet of consutrode, when preventing electroslag remelting, molten steel increases
Oxygen, produces Al2O3It is mingled with.
The most as claimed in claim 1 a kind of improve the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, it is characterised in that electroslag weight
Molten process whole process forbids using aluminium deoxidation, it is to avoid the Al that Electroslag Process generates2O3Field trash becomes nitride and primary carbide
Forming core core.
10. a kind of as described in claim 1-4 is arbitrary improving the method for carbide in electroslag remelting mould steel, its feature exists
In, described external refining uses LF+VD or LF+RH process route.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109295330A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-01 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of method of nitride field trash in refinement ni-base wrought superalloy |
| CN110257590A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-20 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of refinement high-cleanness, high rare earth electroslag steel inclusion method |
| CN113649540A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-16 | 北京科技大学 | Method for refining H13 hollow casting liquated carbide |
| CN115612783A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-17 | 宝钢轧辊科技有限责任公司 | Method for eliminating surface wave defect of nitrogen-containing high-alloy steel cold roll |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109295330A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-01 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of method of nitride field trash in refinement ni-base wrought superalloy |
| CN109295330B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-06-19 | 北京科技大学 | Method for refining nitride inclusions in nickel-based wrought superalloy |
| CN110257590A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-20 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of refinement high-cleanness, high rare earth electroslag steel inclusion method |
| CN110257590B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-07-31 | 北京科技大学 | Method for refining inclusions in high-cleanliness rare earth electroslag steel |
| CN113649540A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-16 | 北京科技大学 | Method for refining H13 hollow casting liquated carbide |
| CN115612783A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-17 | 宝钢轧辊科技有限责任公司 | Method for eliminating surface wave defect of nitrogen-containing high-alloy steel cold roll |
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| CN106282750B (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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Inventor after: Shi Chengbin Inventor after: Li Jing Inventor after: Wang Hui Inventor after: Wu Long Inventor before: Shi Chengbin Inventor before: Li Jing Inventor before: Wu Long |
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