CN102941163A - Continuous sea ice centrifugal desalination system device and continuous sea ice centrifugal desalination method - Google Patents
Continuous sea ice centrifugal desalination system device and continuous sea ice centrifugal desalination method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sea ice centrifugal desalination system device and a sea ice centrifugal desalination method. The sea ice centrifugal desalination system device is formed by connecting a conveying device, an ice breaking device and a centrifugal device; the conveying device is formed by a conveying belt and a screw feeder; the ice breaking device is formed by connecting a drum-type ice crusher and a hammer-type ice crusher; the centrifugal device comprises a buffering tank and a horizontal centrifugal discharge centrifuge; the buffering tank is directly connected with the horizontal centrifugal discharge centrifuge; a stirring device is arranged in the buffering tank and is used for stirring ice particles; an outlet of the drum-type ice crusher is directly connected with an inlet of the hammer-type ice crusher and is sealed by a steel plate; a feeding pipe of the horizontal centrifugal discharge centrifuge is horizontally arranged; the screw feeder is arranged in the feeding pipe and is connected with the buffering tank into a whole; and an outlet of the hammer-type ice crusher is connected with the buffering tank by the conveying belt. The method disclosed by the invention adopts the continuous production; the treatment capacity of the method can reach 9 t/h and is over 7 times of that of intermittent equipment with the same size; and the method is suitable for high-yield rapid desalination and is suitable for large-scale application to the seaside or ships.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the centrifugal system unit for desalting of a kind of sea ice and method, particularly serialization centrifugal desalter system and the technical method of bulk sea ice in a kind of Sea ice belong to continuous desalinization.
Background technology
China's water resource is very inhomogeneous on area distribution, and especially at northern area, cultivated area accounts for 59.2% of the whole nation, and population accounts for 44.3% of the whole nation, and water resource only accounts for 14.7% of the whole nation; Because China is in Over East Asia Monsoon Area, the year rainfall in south 60%～70% concentrates on for 5～August, and northern rainfall concentrates on for 6～September, and in year and year border of the water yield (precipitation and runoff) changes greatly, just easily cause big flood, other season drought then easily to occur in the rich phase of the water of rainfall.The difficulty that adds water resources development and utilization is large, and serious water shortage appears in many cities and area, and is the most serious with area, the Huanghe valley and part coastal cities.Wherein Bohai Rim is one of area of lacking the most of China's freshwater resources, and the Bohai Sea is China main sea area that freezes in winter.The salinity of Bohai Sea ice-control is 4 ‰～11 ‰, far below the salinity of its seawater.By physical method sea ice is desalinated processing, obtain can for the production of water for industrial use or agricultural water, will be as a kind of new desalination technology, have important practical significance and strategic importance for the water shortage problem that solves Bohai Rim.
In the sea ice forming process, initial ice crystal, ice needle and the borneol that forms can merge, part seawater is enclosed in the ice cave that forms when merging, and another part is then separated out between ice crystal the seawater below flowing into, and the bittern that is wrapped between ice crystal has formed so-called " salt born of the same parents ".So sea ice is different from fresh ice, it is not simple ice crystal, but the mixture that solid ice crystal and bittern, gas vacuole and a small amount of solid impurity form.The salinity source of sea ice mainly is salt born of the same parents, salt aquaporin or the solid salt that is present between pure ice crystal.But mainly the form with ice inner salt born of the same parents exists, and therefore the concentration of the interior bittern of ice and salt born of the same parents' quantity is just determining the height of sea ice salt content.The basic ideas of sea ice desalination are that the bulk sea ice is carried out fragmentation, and " the salt born of the same parents " of its inside are smashed, and by physical method the bittern on little ice pellets surface are gone out, to obtain the lower fresh ice of salinity again.
Sea ice produces the characteristic of " salt born of the same parents " except having when freezing, and also has at low temperatures and freezes sticking characteristic.Freeze sticking referring in subzero, freeze to form bonding a kind of natural phenomena owing to water between two contactant body interfaces.Generation is frozen sticking condition and is mainly comprised: 0 ℃ and following temperature, certain water content and cooling time etc.Bittern is attached to the surface of little ice pellets after the sea ice fragmentation, very easily freezes sticking phenomenon with metal in time below 0 ℃.
The desalination process of sea ice has desalination process, the centrifugal desalination process of immersion, soaks centrifugal desalination process, gravity desalinization method etc.Wherein soak desalination process and gravity desalinization owned by France in batch (-type) desalination mode, centrifugal desalination process and the centrifugal desalination process of immersion can be realized by batch (-type) and continous way dual mode.The output of serialization desalination process and operability all are better than the batch (-type) desalination process generally speaking.
The centrifugal desalination of sea ice is a kind of of Sea ice method, the characteristic of salinity eliminating outside the solid ice crystal when utilizing seawater icing, the sea ice fragmentation is broken the bittern born of the same parents that are included in sea ice inside, then by centrifugal dehydration remove portion bittern, reduce the method for the whole saliferous rate of sea ice.Because the feasibility that its serialization is produced, the industrialization that therefore R and D of this technical method be can be Sea ice provides basis and foundation.
In sum, be used for the technical barrier that the device of the centrifugal desalination of serialization sea ice need to solve as follows:
1. ice crusher will have stronger trash ice ability, can process large-sized ice cube, the ice pellets appropriate diameter of output.
2. conveying equipment will have good continuous performance, and can carry does not have mobile sea ice, and can enter in the centrifuge smoothly.
3. all devices all will be avoided sea ice and device to freeze and stop up.
4. centrifuge will guarantee enough centrifugation abilities, guarantees the quality of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice.
Sea ice has China scientist to propose first in nineteen ninety-five, and its purpose is sea ice is developed as freshwater resources, for the annual sea ice of middle latitude district (Bohai Sea and north Yellow Sea of China) bank provides a kind of novel desalination water resource.Sea ice there is no precedent in the world, and required technology and equipment will design separately research and development according to sea ice structure feature and engineering demand.
The present invention is intended to solve above-mentioned technical barrier, and a kind of apparatus system and technical method of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice of can serialization carrying out is provided, and a kind of centrifugal desalinating process of sea ice of serialization also is provided simultaneously.The inventive method is serialization production, and treating capacity is large, and treating capacity can reach 9t/h, be unidimensional intermittence the device processes amount more than 7 times, suitable large output is desalinated fast; Method equipment simple layout of the present invention is compact, and floor space is little, suits by the sea or large-scale application on the ship.
Summary of the invention
The centrifugal desalination process of sea ice that technical problem solved by the invention proposes for existing background technology, it can reduce the sticking situation of freezing of sea ice and equipment, improves the separative efficiency of centrifugal desalination, realizes serialization production, and the efficient format high throughput is large.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The centrifugal system unit for desalting of a kind of sea ice of the present invention (Fig. 1), by conveying device, icebreaking device and centrifugal device connect and compose; Conveying device is conveyer belt and feeding screw, and icebreaking device is that the drum-type ice crusher connects the hammer ice crusher, and centrifugal device is comprised of dashpot and horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal; Dashpot directly is connected with the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, and agitating device is set in the dashpot, and ice pellets is stirred; The outlet of drum-type ice crusher directly is connected with the entrance of hammer ice crusher, carries out airtight with steel plate; Horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal feed pipe horizontal positioned, built-in feeding screw; Feeding screw and dashpot are connected to one; The outlet of hammer ice crusher is connected with dashpot by conveyer belt.
Described described drum-type ice crusher (Fig. 2) feed gap dimension is processed the large scale ice cube greater than 450 * 350mm, requires broken ice pellets particle diameter between 3 to 15mm.
Described hammer mill (Fig. 3) is applied to the second-time breakage of sea ice, and sieve plate is installed, and the ice pellets diameter after its fragmentation is between 3～6mm.
Described dashpot directly is connected with the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, plays the effect of buffering ice pellets transportation.
Described feeding screw is used for the conveying that sea ice enters the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, and feeding screw is placed in the feed pipe, and the spacing of feed pipe and cloth tray is 2～4cm, avoids feed pipe to stop up.For saving power consumption, the flat leaf agitator in feeding screw 26 and the dashpot is set to overall structure (Fig. 4).At feed pipe outer wall wrap round heat tracing band the sea ice in the feed pipe is preheated.
Described horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal (Fig. 5) is the main part of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice serialization, and its rotary drum cone angle is not less than 40 °, and rotary drum effective separation length is not less than 400mm.
Adopt device of the present invention to carry out the centrifugal desalination process of sea ice (Fig. 6), the ice production apparatus of adopting that it is characterized in that seashore is delivered to deicing by conveyer belt after with the sea ice collection, processing full-size by the drum-type ice crusher first is the large-scale ice cube of 400 * 400 * 30mm, after obtaining the little ice pellets of diameter less than 15mm, carry out second-time breakage by the hammer ice crusher again, obtain the ice pellets of diameter between 3～6mm that is fit to centrifugal desalination and can cause the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal to stop up; Ice pellets after the fragmentation again by tape transport to dashpot that the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal links to each other in, dashpot avoids ice pellets to freeze by stirring action, its inner ice pellets enters the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal by feeding screw, and the centrifugation of process horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal obtains fresh ice.
The present invention has following features:
1. the present invention is to the no requirement (NR) of field ice saliferous rate, and can process larger-size ice cube, by obtaining being fit to the ice pellets of centrifugal desalination after the fragmentation;
2. the inventive method is serialization production, and by ice crusher, the coordinative role of dashpot and horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal and the conveying effect of conveyer belt and feeding screw realize the serialization requirement of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice;
3. the inventive method treating capacity is large, and treating capacity can reach 9t/h, be unidimensional intermittence the device processes amount more than 7 times, suitable large output is desalinated fast;
4. method equipment simple layout of the present invention is compact, and floor space is little, suits by the sea or large-scale application on the ship.
The inventive method is serialization production, and treating capacity is large, and treating capacity can reach 9t/h, be unidimensional intermittence the device processes amount more than 7 times, suitable large output is desalinated fast; Method equipment simple layout of the present invention is compact, and floor space is little, suits by the sea or large-scale application on the ship.
Description of drawings
The centrifugal system unit for desalting figure of Fig. 1 serialization sea ice;
Fig. 2 is the device schematic diagram of drum-type ice crusher;
Fig. 3 is the device schematic diagram of hammer ice crusher;
Fig. 4 is the combining structure of dashpot and feeding screw;
Fig. 5 is horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the centrifugal desalination process flow chart of serialization sea ice;
Wherein: 1. horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, 2. dashpot, 4. conveyer belt, 5. hammer ice crusher, 6. cylinder ice crusher, 7. drum-type ice crusher charging aperture, 8. ice cube, 9. hammer ice crusher body fuselage, 10. cylinder, 11. hammer ice crusher charging aperture, 12. hammer ice crusher body fuselage, 13. rotor, 14. sieve plate, 15. back bin plate, 16.O RunddichtringO, 17. band rib axle sleeve, 18. pusher chain pulley seat, 19. key, 20. hex bolts, 21. ring washer, 22. chain, 23. main shaft, 24. flat leaf agitator, 25. tank diameter, 26. feeding screw, 27. reducing bolt band, 28. tank diameter tapering transition section, 29. tank diameter straight section, 30. feed pipe, 31. centrifuge shell, 32. rotary drum, 33. bittern outlet, 34. fresh ice outlet.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
The centrifugal desalination system of a kind of serialization sea ice, by conveying device, icebreaking device and centrifugal device consist of.Wherein conveying device is conveyer belt 4 and feeding screw 26, and icebreaking device is drum-type ice crusher 6 and hammer ice crusher 5, and centrifugal device is comprised of dashpot 2 and horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1.
Described drum-type ice crusher 6 is fit to broken large scale ice cube, its disposal ability is strong, but because the structure of drum-type ice crusher 6 is limit, the ice pellets diameter of its processing is inhomogeneous, particle diameter does not wait between 3 to 15mm, the major diameter ice pellets easily causes the obstruction of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1, and separating effect is relatively poor, therefore need to carry out second-time breakage to it.
Described hammer mill 5 is applied to the second-time breakage of sea ice, and its breaking capacity is strong, and the ice pellets diameter after the fragmentation is fit to the centrifugal desalination of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1 between 3 to 6mm, and can not cause the obstruction of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1.The outlet of drum-type ice crusher 6 directly links to each other with the entrance of hammer mill 5, seals with sheet metal, avoids ice pellets to splash.
Described dashpot 2 directly is connected with horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1, because the charging of ice crusher is the bulk sea ice, therefore the ice cube of its charging has certain time interval, therefore the ice pellets of ice crusher outlet is continuous not, for guaranteeing the continuous and uniformity of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1 charging, ice pellets after the fragmentation is conveyed into first in the dashpot 2 and cushions, and enters in the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1 by feeding screw 26 again.For avoiding ice pellets in dashpot, to freeze, flat leaf agitator 24 is set in the dashpot, ice pellets is stirred.
Described feeding screw 26 is used for the conveying that sea ice enters the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, because sea ice is mobile relatively poor, can't flow directly into by the feed pipe of traditional horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal in the centrifuge, therefore need to enter by the progradation of spiral propeller in the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1.Feeding screw 26 is placed in the feed pipe 30, and feed pipe 30 is 2～4cm with the spacing of cloth tray, avoids feed pipe 30 to stop up.Because the desalting efficiency of sea ice is directly proportional with the height of temperature, more the high desalination effect is better for temperature.Therefore at feed pipe 30 outer wall wrap round heat tracing bands the sea ice in the feed pipe is preheated, strengthen the desalting effect of centrifuge.Close feed pipe place at baffle plate and discharge cover opens the hole that diameter is 20mm, guarantees that a ribbon heater can pass baffle plate, twines whole feed pipe.Open respectively again the hole (hole is positioned in the middle of the baffle plate) of 4 diameter 40mm at two plate washers, can settle ceramic skeleton between two baffle holes and the hole, heating wire (Fig. 5) can be installed on the skeleton.
Described horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal is the main part of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice serialization, its rotary drum cone angle can not be less than 40 °, rotary drum effective separation length can not be lower than 400mm, and section sets up baffle plate within it, sea ice is 10s ~ 20s in the time of staying of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, has effectively guaranteed effect and the continuity of centrifugal desalination.
The centrifugal desalination process of a kind of serialization sea ice, its flow process is:
The ice production apparatus of adopting of seashore is delivered to deicing by conveyer belt after with the sea ice collection, by drum-type ice crusher 6 berg is broken into the less ice pellets of diameter first, carry out second-time breakage by hammer ice crusher 5, obtaining the minor diameter ice pellets that is fit to centrifugal desalination and can cause the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal to stop up.Ice pellets after the fragmentation is transported in the dashpot 2 that links to each other with horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1 by conveyer belt 3 again, enters centrifuge by feeding screw 26, and the centrifugation of process horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1 obtains fresh ice.
Example 1
Test site is Wafangdian City, Dalian, Liaoning Province, and field ice picks up from Liaodong Wan, and sea ice thickness is 10 ~ 15cm approximately, and the ice cube size is about 400 * 350mm, temperature during test-5 ℃.
Experiment intermediate roll formula ice crusher adopts SY-BB-05 type ice crusher, the hammer ice crusher is CY hammer movable crusher, centrifuge is the improvement type of IW-500 type horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, and dashpot and feeding screw are according to centrifuge feed pipe and treating capacity self-control.Linked by conveyer belt between each equipment.
In the experiment at first with each opening of device, free-runing operation.Sea ice is entered in the ice crusher by conveyer belt, enters dashpot through after the second-time breakage, enters in the centrifuge by stirring material-pulling device again.Centrifugal action through centrifuge obtains fresh ice.
Centrifuge speed is 2000r/min, and material mean residence time 10s ~ 20s, Centrifugal Effluent Treatment flow into water tank, centrifugal go out melt the saliferous rate of measuring after ice gathers.Sticking phenomenon does not occur in the experimentation to block and freeze., get the sea ice sample and measure salinity after five minutes until the system stability work eleven, even get three times and average.
The result is: the saliferous rate that determines ice is 0.7 ‰.Reach nonsaline-alkali soil area irrigation water national standard.
Example 2
Test site is Wafangdian City, Dalian, Liaoning Province, and field ice picks up from Liaodong Wan, and sea ice thickness is 10 ~ 15cm approximately, and the ice cube size is about 400 * 350mm, temperature during test-4 ℃.
Experiment intermediate roll formula ice crusher adopts SY-BB-05 type ice crusher, the hammer ice crusher is CY hammer movable crusher, centrifuge is the improvement type of IW-500 type horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, and dashpot and feeding screw are according to centrifuge feed pipe and treating capacity self-control.Linked by conveyer belt between each equipment.
In the experiment at first with each opening of device, free-runing operation.Sea ice is entered in the ice crusher by conveyer belt, enters dashpot through after the second-time breakage, enters in the centrifuge by stirring material-pulling device again.Centrifugal action through centrifuge obtains fresh ice.
Centrifuge speed is 2000r/min, and material mean residence time 10s ~ 20s, Centrifugal Effluent Treatment flow into water tank, centrifugal go out melt the saliferous rate of measuring after ice gathers.Sticking phenomenon does not occur in the experimentation to block and freeze., get the sea ice sample and measure salinity after five minutes until the system stability work eleven, even get three times and average.
The result is: the saliferous rate that determines ice is 0.6 ‰.Reach nonsaline-alkali soil area irrigation water national standard.
Example 3
Test site is the Huanghua City, Hebei province, and field ice picks up from Bohai Sea Gulf, and sea ice thickness is 15 ~ 20cm approximately, and the ice cube size is about 400 * 350mm, temperature during test-7 ℃.
Experiment intermediate roll formula ice crusher adopts SY-BB-05 type ice crusher, the hammer ice crusher is CY hammer movable crusher, centrifuge is the improvement type of IW-500 type horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, and dashpot and feeding screw are according to centrifuge feed pipe and treating capacity self-control.Linked by conveyer belt between each equipment.
In the experiment at first with each opening of device, free-runing operation.Sea ice is entered in the ice crusher by conveyer belt, enters dashpot through after the second-time breakage, enters in the centrifuge by stirring material-pulling device again.Centrifugal action through centrifuge obtains fresh ice.
Centrifuge speed is 2000r/min, and material mean residence time 10s ~ 20s, Centrifugal Effluent Treatment flow into water tank, centrifugal go out melt the saliferous rate of measuring after ice gathers.Sticking phenomenon does not occur in the experimentation to block and freeze., get the sea ice sample and measure salinity after five minutes until the system stability work eleven, even get three times and average.
The result is: the saliferous rate that determines ice is 1.04 ‰.Reach saline-alkali soil area irrigation water national standard.
Claims (6)
1. centrifugal system unit for desalting of sea ice, by conveying device, icebreaking device and centrifugal device connect and compose; It is characterized in that conveying device is conveyer belt and screw feeding device, icebreaking device is that the drum-type ice crusher connects the hammer ice crusher, and centrifugal device is comprised of dashpot and horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal; Dashpot directly is connected with centrifuge, and agitating device is set in the dashpot, and ice pellets is stirred; The outlet of drum-type ice crusher directly is connected with the entrance of hammer ice crusher, carries out airtight with steel plate; Centrifuge feed pipe horizontal positioned, built-in screw feeding device; Screw feeding device and dashpot are connected to one; The outlet of hammer ice crusher is connected with dashpot by conveyer belt.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1 device is characterized in that described described drum-type ice crusher feed gap dimension greater than 450 * 350mm, processes the large scale ice cube, requires broken ice pellets particle diameter between 3～15mm.
3. the system as claimed in claim 1 device is characterized in that described hammer mill is applied to the second-time breakage of sea ice, and sieve plate is installed, and the ice pellets diameter after its fragmentation is between 3～6mm.
4. the system as claimed in claim 1 device, it is characterized in that described feeding screw is used for the conveying that sea ice enters centrifuge, feeding screw is placed in the feed pipe, the spacing of feed pipe and cloth tray is 2～4cm, avoid feed pipe to stop up, at feed pipe outer wall wrap round heat tracing band the sea ice in the feed pipe is preheated.
5. the system as claimed in claim 1 device, it is characterized in that described centrifugal discharging type centrifugal machine is the main part of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice serialization, its rotary drum cone angle is not less than 40 °, rotary drum effective separation length is not less than 400mm, and section sets up baffle plate within it, sea ice is 10s～20s in the time of staying of centrifuge, has effectively guaranteed effect and the continuity of centrifugal desalination.
6. adopt the device of claim 1 to carry out the centrifugal desalination process of sea ice, the ice production apparatus of adopting that it is characterized in that seashore is delivered to deicing by conveyer belt after with the sea ice collection, processing full-size by the drum-type ice crusher first is the large-scale ice cube of 400 * 400 * 30mm, after obtaining the little ice pellets of diameter less than 15mm, carry out second-time breakage by the hammer ice crusher again, obtain the ice pellets of diameter between 3～6mm that is fit to centrifugal desalination and can cause centrifuge to stop up; Ice pellets after the fragmentation again by tape transport to dashpot that centrifuge links to each other in, dashpot avoids ice pellets to freeze by stirring action, its inner ice pellets enters the horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal by screw feeding device, and the centrifugation of process centrifuge obtains fresh ice.
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| CN103851849A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-06-11 | 北京师范大学 | Centrifugal sea ice desalting method implemented by using microwaves |
| CN103864162A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-06-18 | 北京师范大学 | Method for desalting sea ice through microwave negative pressure |
| CN111056582A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Air heat dissipation cascade heat pump sea water desalination device of economic benefits and social benefits |
| CN111056583A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-04-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device |
| CN112188932A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2021-01-05 | 利乐拉瓦尔集团及财务有限公司 | Centrifugal separator |
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| CN102941163B (en) | 2014-06-11 |
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