CN111056583A - Double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device - Google Patents
Double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111056583A CN111056583A CN202010018471.0A CN202010018471A CN111056583A CN 111056583 A CN111056583 A CN 111056583A CN 202010018471 A CN202010018471 A CN 202010018471A CN 111056583 A CN111056583 A CN 111056583A
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010024796 Logorrhoea Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/16—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination, and particularly relates to a double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device.A refrigerant circulating system comprises a first compressor, a first condenser, a first throttling valve, an evaporator, a second compressor, a second condenser, a second throttling valve and a second heat exchanger; the first seawater desalination system comprises a first seawater tank, a first water pump and an evaporator; the second seawater desalination system comprises a second seawater tank, a second water pump, a first condenser and a second condenser; the invention adopts a two-stage compression heat pump technology to prepare fresh water, and seawater is frozen at the evaporator side to form ice without salt; the seawater is heated and vaporized at the side of the second condenser to form vapor without salt, and the seawater desalted is heated by the two condensers and is easier to reach the boiling point for evaporation; the two-stage compression heat pump technology can effectively reduce energy consumption and improve the seawater desalination speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination, and particularly relates to a double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device.
Background
The shortage of fresh water resources has influenced the development of social economy and the improvement of living standard, and in order to relieve the shortage of fresh water, governments at all levels are actively searching for an effective way to solve the problem of the shortage of fresh water resources. The ocean water resource is inexhaustible, and if part of seawater can be changed into fresh water, the ocean water resource is one of important ways for solving the water resource crisis. Therefore, the seawater desalination technology can be produced at the same time, and the crisis of water resource shortage is effectively relieved.
The traditional seawater desalination technology mainly comprises a membrane method and a thermal method. The membrane method mainly comprises a reverse osmosis method and an electrodialysis method, and the thermal method seawater desalination technology mainly comprises a multi-stage flash evaporation method and a multi-effect evaporation method. The membrane method has high requirement on seawater pretreatment, otherwise, the effluent quality is poor, the water quality obtained by the thermal method is high, but the traditional thermal method has high energy consumption, the heat exchanger has large volume and the device has complex structure. Therefore, a device with high water outlet quality, simple structure and energy saving is needed to meet the existing requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device comprises a refrigerant circulating system, wherein the refrigerant circulating system comprises a first compressor, a second condenser, a first throttling valve and an evaporator which are sequentially connected into a closed loop through pipelines; the refrigerant circulating system also comprises a first condenser, the outlet of the first compressor is connected with the inlet of the first condenser, and the refrigerant outlet of the first condenser is connected with the inlet of the first throttling valve; the system also comprises a first seawater desalination system and a second seawater desalination system, wherein the first seawater desalination system comprises a first seawater tank, a first water pump and an evaporator; the first seawater tank is communicated with a seawater inlet of the evaporator through a first water pump; the first seawater tank is provided with a seawater replenishing port, and the evaporator is provided with an ice discharging port and a wastewater outlet; the second seawater desalination system comprises a second seawater tank, a second water pump, a first condenser, a second condenser, a vacuum pump, a first heat exchanger and a fresh water tank; the vacuum pump enables the second seawater desalination system to be in a vacuum state, the second seawater tank is communicated with the seawater inlet of the first condenser through the second water pump, the seawater outlet of the first condenser is communicated with the seawater inlet of the second condenser, and the water vapor outlet of the second condenser is communicated with the fresh water tank sequentially through the vacuum pump and the first heat exchanger; the second seawater tank is provided with a seawater replenishing port, and the second condenser is provided with a wastewater outlet.
Further, the refrigerant circulating system also comprises a second throttling valve and a second heat exchanger, and the second condenser is connected with the first throttling valve through the second heat exchanger; the refrigerant outlet of the second condenser is connected with the inlet of a second throttling valve, the outlet of the second throttling valve is connected with the second inlet of a second heat exchanger, the second outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the first compressor, the first inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the second condenser, and the first outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the first throttling valve.
Further, the first heat exchanger is a water-cooling heat exchanger; the waste water outlet of the evaporator is communicated with the waste water inlet of the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is provided with a waste water outlet.
Further, the first heat exchanger is a forced convection air-cooled fin heat exchanger.
Furthermore, the ice crushing device further comprises an ice crushing rod, wherein the ice crushing rod extends into the evaporator from the ice discharging port to crack ice, and crushed ice is discharged from the ice discharging port.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) compared with the conventional heat pump, the two-stage compression heat pump is adopted for preparing the fresh water, and in the process of preparing the fresh water, the seawater is heated by the two condensers, so that the seawater is easier to reach the boiling point and evaporate, the energy consumption can be effectively reduced, and the seawater desalination speed is improved; raising the temperature of the seawater at the first condenser side by recovering the latent heat of condensation at the first condenser side of the heat pump; heating the seawater at the second condenser side to form vapor without salt content through the latent heat of condensation at the second condenser side of the backwater heat pump, thereby completing seawater desalination; the first condenser and the second condenser are combined with each other, so that the seawater desalination speed is increased; freezing the seawater at the evaporator side to form ice without salt by using the cold energy at the evaporator side of the heat pump, thereby completing seawater desalination; the condenser is combined with the evaporator, so that the fresh water is prepared by double effects, the seawater desalination speed is increased, and the seawater desalination cost is saved;
(2) the freezing rate of the evaporator side is improved through the second throttle valve and the second heat exchanger;
(3) and the waste water with low temperature and high concentration enters the first heat exchanger from the evaporator to accelerate the condensation of the water vapor in the first heat exchanger.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a connection structure diagram of a double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device according to this embodiment.
In the figure: 1-a first compressor, 2-an evaporator, 3-a first seawater tank, 4-a first water pump, 5-a first throttle valve, 6-a first condenser, 7-a second seawater tank, 8-a second water pump, 9-a second heat exchanger, 10-a second throttle valve, 11-a second condenser, 12-a second compressor, 13-a vacuum pump, 14-a first heat exchanger and 15-a fresh water tank.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, the double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device comprises a refrigerant circulation system, wherein the refrigerant circulation system comprises a first compressor 1, a second compressor 12, a second condenser 11, a first throttle valve 5 and an evaporator 2 which are sequentially connected into a closed loop through pipelines, an outlet of the first compressor 1 is also connected with an inlet of the second compressor 12, an outlet of the second compressor 12 is connected with a refrigerant inlet of the second condenser 11, a refrigerant outlet of the second condenser 11 is connected with an inlet of the first throttle valve 5, an outlet of the first throttle valve 5 is connected with a refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 2, and a refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 2 is further connected with an inlet of the first compressor 1. The refrigerant cycle system further includes a first condenser 6, an outlet of the first compressor 1 is connected to an inlet of the first condenser 6, and a refrigerant outlet of the first condenser 6 is connected to an inlet of the first throttle valve 5. A part of the refrigerant flowing out of the first compressor 1 enters the first condenser 6, and the other part enters the second condenser 11 through the second compressor 12. The refrigerant flowing out of the second condenser 11 is merged with the refrigerant flowing out of the first condenser 6 and then enters the first throttle valve 5.
The embodiment further comprises a first seawater desalination system, wherein the first seawater desalination system comprises a first seawater tank 3, a first water pump 4 and an evaporator 2. The first seawater tank 3 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the evaporator 2 through a first water pump 4. The first seawater tank 3 is provided with a seawater replenishing port, and the evaporator 2 is provided with an ice discharging port and a wastewater outlet. Seawater in the first seawater tank 3 is sent to the evaporator 2 by the first water pump 4 to form ice without salt, the ice is discharged from an ice discharge port of the evaporator 2 after being crushed, and high-concentration wastewater is discharged from a wastewater outlet of the evaporator 2. In the evaporator 2, the refrigerant flows in the corresponding refrigerant pipeline, the seawater flows in the seawater channel outside the refrigerant pipeline, the refrigerant transfers cold energy to the seawater, so that the seawater is frozen on the inner wall of the seawater channel, the seawater channel is provided with an ice discharge port and a wastewater outlet, the ice is crushed and then is discharged through the ice discharge port, thereby obtaining fresh water, and the wastewater with high concentration is discharged from the wastewater outlet.
The embodiment further comprises a second seawater desalination system, and the second seawater desalination system comprises a second seawater tank 7, a second water pump 8, a first condenser 6, a second condenser 11, a vacuum pump 13, a first heat exchanger 14 and a fresh water tank 15. The vacuum pump 13 makes the second seawater desalination system in a vacuum state, the second seawater tank 7 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the first condenser 6 through the second water pump 8, the seawater outlet of the first condenser 6 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the second condenser 11, and the vapor outlet of the second condenser 11 is communicated with the fresh water tank 15 sequentially through the vacuum pump 13 and the first heat exchanger 14. The second seawater tank 7 is provided with a seawater replenishing port, and the second condenser 11 is provided with a wastewater outlet. The seawater in the second seawater tank 7 is sent to the first condenser 6 by the second water pump 8 to be heated, the seawater flows out of the first condenser 6 and then enters the second condenser 11 to be heated and vaporized to form vapor without salt, the vapor enters the first heat exchanger 14 by the vacuum pump 13 to be condensed to form fresh water and then enters the fresh water tank 15, and the high-concentration wastewater is discharged from the wastewater outlet of the second condenser 11. In the first condenser 6, the refrigerant flows in the corresponding refrigerant pipeline, the seawater flows in the corresponding seawater pipeline, and the heat released by the refrigerant is transferred to the seawater, so that the temperature of the seawater is increased. In the second condenser 11, the refrigerant flows in the corresponding refrigerant pipeline, the seawater flows in the corresponding seawater pipeline, and the heat released by the refrigerant is transferred to the seawater, so that the seawater is changed into vapor.
In the embodiment, the two-stage compression heat pump technology is adopted to prepare the fresh water, compared with the conventional heat pump, in the process of preparing the fresh water by the two-stage compression heat pump, the seawater is heated by the two condensers, the boiling point is more easily reached and the seawater is evaporated, the energy consumption can be effectively reduced, and the seawater desalination speed is improved; raising the temperature of the seawater at the first condenser side by recovering the latent heat of condensation at the first condenser side of the heat pump; heating the seawater at the second condenser side to form vapor without salt content through the latent heat of condensation at the second condenser side of the backwater heat pump, thereby completing seawater desalination; the first condenser and the second condenser are combined with each other, so that the seawater desalination speed is increased; freezing the seawater at the evaporator side to form ice without salt by using the cold energy at the evaporator side of the heat pump, thereby completing seawater desalination; the condenser is combined with the evaporator, so that the fresh water is prepared by double effects, the seawater desalination speed is increased, and the seawater desalination cost is saved.
The present embodiment further comprises a second throttle valve 10 and a second heat exchanger 9. The second heat exchanger 9 is provided with a first refrigerant channel and a second refrigerant channel, an inlet and an outlet of the first channel are respectively a first inlet and a first outlet of the second heat exchanger 9, and an inlet and an outlet of the second channel are respectively a second inlet and a second outlet of the second heat exchanger 9. The second condenser 11 is connected to the first throttle valve 5 via a second heat exchanger 9. The refrigerant outlet of the second condenser 11 is connected to the inlet of a second throttle valve 10, the outlet of the second throttle valve 10 is connected to the second inlet of a second heat exchanger 9, the second outlet of the second heat exchanger 9 is connected to the outlet of the first compressor 1, the first inlet of the second heat exchanger 9 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the second condenser 11, and the first outlet of the second heat exchanger 9 is in turn connected to the inlet of the first throttle valve 5. A part of the refrigerant flowing out of the second condenser 11 flows into the refrigerant first passage and the other part flows into the refrigerant second passage through the second throttle valve 10, and the temperature of the refrigerant is lowered because the pressure of the refrigerant is lowered after passing through the second throttle valve 10. In the second heat exchanger 9, the refrigerant in the first refrigerant passage exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second refrigerant passage, and the temperature of the refrigerant in the first refrigerant passage is lowered. The refrigerant flowing out of the first refrigerant channel is merged with the refrigerant flowing out of the first condenser 6 and then flows into the first throttling valve 5, and the refrigerant flowing out of the first refrigerant channel is cooled, so that the dryness of the refrigerant entering the evaporator 2 through the throttling valve 5 is reduced, more seawater heat can be absorbed, the seawater is frozen, and the circulation efficiency of the two-stage compression heat pump is effectively improved. The refrigerant flowing out of the second refrigerant passage joins the refrigerant flowing out of the first compressor 1 and flows into the second compressor 12. Therefore, the present embodiment increases the freezing rate on the evaporator 2 side by the second throttle valve 10 and the second heat exchanger 9.
In order to recover the cold energy of the wastewater in the first seawater desalination system, the first heat exchanger 14 is a water-cooling heat exchanger, the wastewater outlet of the evaporator 2 is communicated with the wastewater inlet of the first heat exchanger 14, and the first heat exchanger 14 is provided with a wastewater outlet. Waste water flowing out of the evaporator 2 enters the first heat exchanger 14, two media of the waste water and water vapor respectively circulate in the first heat exchanger 14 and carry out heat exchange, and high-concentration waste water is discharged from a waste water outlet of the first heat exchanger 14. The high-concentration waste water with lower temperature enters the first heat exchanger 14 from the evaporator 2, and the condensation of water vapor in the first heat exchanger 14 is accelerated. To enhance the heat exchange effect of the first heat exchanger 14, the first heat exchanger 14 may also be a forced convection air-cooled fin heat exchanger. This embodiment is still including frustrating the ice pole, and it makes ice break in ice mouth stretches into evaporimeter 2 from row ice, and the garrulous ice is followed row ice mouth is discharged.
The process of desalinating seawater in this embodiment is as follows: the first water pump 4 pumps seawater from the first seawater tank 3, the seawater enters the evaporator 2 through a pipeline, ice is frozen in the evaporator 2 and attached to the inner wall of a seawater channel in the evaporator 2, the ice crushing rod extends into the seawater channel of the evaporator 2 from the ice discharge port to crush the ice, and the crushed ice is discharged; meanwhile, the high-concentration waste water is discharged from the waste water outlet of the evaporator 2 and enters the first heat exchanger 14, and because the waste water is cooled in the evaporator 2 and has a low temperature, the waste water exchanges heat with the water vapor discharged from the second condenser 11 in the first heat exchanger 14, so that the water vapor is condensed into fresh water, and finally the waste water is discharged. The second water pump 8 extracts seawater from the second seawater tank 7, the seawater enters the first condenser 6 through a pipeline, latent heat is absorbed in the first condenser 6, the temperature of the seawater is raised, the seawater enters the second condenser 11 through the pipeline, the latent heat is reused in the second condenser 11 to evaporate the seawater, the principle that the second condenser 11 obtains fresh water is based on the principle that salt is almost insoluble in low-pressure water vapor, a vacuum pump 13 is used for keeping the second seawater desalination system at a high vacuum degree during operation, the second condenser 11 is used for heating the seawater to evaporate and vaporize the seawater under the high vacuum, the obtained water vapor enters the first heat exchanger 14 through the vacuum pump 13 to exchange heat with the wastewater discharged by the evaporator 2, the water is condensed into fresh water, and then the fresh water tank 15 is used for introducing the high-concentration wastewater into a wastewater outlet of the second condenser 11. The seawater desalination device does not operate intermittently to obtain fresh water. The embodiment can be used for desalting seawater and can also be used for desalting and extracting water in other solutions or sewage.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variations may be made in the embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such variations are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a double-effect two-stage compression heat pump sea water desalination device, includes refrigerant circulating system, refrigerant circulating system includes first compressor, second condenser, first choke valve and the evaporimeter that connects gradually into closed circuit through the pipeline, its characterized in that:
the refrigerant circulating system also comprises a first condenser, the outlet of the first compressor is connected with the inlet of the first condenser, and the refrigerant outlet of the first condenser is connected with the inlet of the first throttling valve;
the system also comprises a first seawater desalination system and a second seawater desalination system, wherein the first seawater desalination system comprises a first seawater tank, a first water pump and an evaporator; the first seawater tank is communicated with a seawater inlet of the evaporator through a first water pump; the first seawater tank is provided with a seawater replenishing port, and the evaporator is provided with an ice discharging port and a wastewater outlet;
the second seawater desalination system comprises a second seawater tank, a second water pump, a first condenser, a second condenser, a vacuum pump, a first heat exchanger and a fresh water tank; the vacuum pump enables the second seawater desalination system to be in a vacuum state, the second seawater tank is communicated with the seawater inlet of the first condenser through the second water pump, the seawater outlet of the first condenser is communicated with the seawater inlet of the second condenser, and the water vapor outlet of the second condenser is communicated with the fresh water tank sequentially through the vacuum pump and the first heat exchanger; the second seawater tank is provided with a seawater replenishing port, and the second condenser is provided with a wastewater outlet.
2. The double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein:
the refrigerant circulating system also comprises a second throttling valve and a second heat exchanger, and the second condenser is connected with the first throttling valve through the second heat exchanger; the refrigerant outlet of the second condenser is connected with the inlet of a second throttling valve, the outlet of the second throttling valve is connected with the second inlet of a second heat exchanger, the second outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the first compressor, the first inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the second condenser, and the first outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the first throttling valve.
3. The double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein:
the first heat exchanger is a water-cooling heat exchanger; the waste water outlet of the evaporator is communicated with the waste water inlet of the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is provided with a waste water outlet.
4. The double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein:
the first heat exchanger is a forced convection air-cooled fin heat exchanger.
5. The double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein: still including frustrating the ice pole, frustrating the ice pole and stretch into in the evaporimeter from the ice discharge mouth and make ice break, garrulous ice is followed the ice discharge mouth is discharged.
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| CN202010018471.0A CN111056583A (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device |
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| CN202010018471.0A CN111056583A (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Double-effect two-stage compression heat pump seawater desalination device |
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| CN111056583A true CN111056583A (en) | 2020-04-24 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112939122A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Cooling and dehumidifying type seawater desalination system with heat pump circulation and working method thereof |
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