CN102941163B - Continuous sea ice centrifugal desalination system device and continuous sea ice centrifugal desalination method - Google Patents
Continuous sea ice centrifugal desalination system device and continuous sea ice centrifugal desalination method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sea ice centrifugal desalination system device and a sea ice centrifugal desalination method. The sea ice centrifugal desalination system device is formed by connecting a conveying device, an ice breaking device and a centrifugal device; the conveying device is formed by a conveying belt and a screw feeder; the ice breaking device is formed by connecting a drum-type ice crusher and a hammer-type ice crusher; the centrifugal device comprises a buffering tank and a horizontal centrifugal discharge centrifuge; the buffering tank is directly connected with the horizontal centrifugal discharge centrifuge; a stirring device is arranged in the buffering tank and is used for stirring ice particles; an outlet of the drum-type ice crusher is directly connected with an inlet of the hammer-type ice crusher and is sealed by a steel plate; a feeding pipe of the horizontal centrifugal discharge centrifuge is horizontally arranged; the screw feeder is arranged in the feeding pipe and is connected with the buffering tank into a whole; and an outlet of the hammer-type ice crusher is connected with the buffering tank by the conveying belt. The method disclosed by the invention adopts the continuous production; the treatment capacity of the method can reach 9 t/h and is over 7 times of that of intermittent equipment with the same size; and the method is suitable for high-yield rapid desalination and is suitable for large-scale application to the seaside or ships.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the centrifugal system unit for desalting of a kind of sea ice and method, particularly the centrifugal desalter system of the serialization of bulk sea ice and technical method in a kind of Sea ice, belong to continuous desalinization.
Background technology
China's water resource is very inhomogeneous in area distribution, and especially at northern area, cultivated area accounts for 59.2% of the whole nation, and population accounts for 44.3% of the whole nation, and water resource only accounts for 14.7% of the whole nation; Because China is in Over East Asia Monsoon Area, the year rainfall in south 60%～70% concentrates on for 5～August, and northern rainfall concentrates on for 6～September, and in the water yield (precipitation and runoff) year and year border changes greatly, the rich phase of water in rainfall just easily causes big flood, other season easily to occur drought.The difficulty that adds water resources development and utilization is large, and serious water shortage appears in many cities and area, the most serious with area, the Huanghe valley and part coastal cities.Wherein Bohai Rim is one of area of lacking the most of China's freshwater resources, and the Bohai Sea is China main sea area that freezes in winter.The salinity of Bohai Sea ice-control is 4 ‰～11 ‰, far below the salinity of its seawater.By physical method, sea ice is desalinated to processing, obtain can for the production of water for industrial use or agricultural water, using as a kind of new desalination technology, have important practical significance and strategic importance for the water shortage problem that solves Bohai Rim.
In sea ice forming process, initial ice crystal, ice needle and the borneol forming can merge, part seawater is enclosed in the ice cave forming while merging, and another part is separated out the seawater below inflow between ice crystal, and the bittern being wrapped between ice crystal has formed so-called " salt born of the same parents ".So sea ice is different from fresh ice, it is not simple ice crystal, but the mixture of solid ice crystal and bittern, gas vacuole and a small amount of solid impurity composition.The salinity source of sea ice is mainly salt born of the same parents, salt aquaporin or the solid salt being present between pure ice crystal.But mainly exist with ice inner salt born of the same parents' form, therefore the interior concentration of bittern of ice and salt born of the same parents' quantity are just determining the height of sea ice salt content.The basic ideas of sea ice desalination are that bulk sea ice is carried out to fragmentation, " the salt born of the same parents " of its inside are smashed, then by physical method, the bittern on little ice pellets surface is gone out, to obtain the fresh ice that salinity is lower.
Sea ice, except having the characteristic that produces " salt born of the same parents " while freezing, also has at low temperatures and freezes sticky characteristic.Freeze sticky referring in subzero, freeze to form bonding a kind of natural phenomena due to water between two contactant body interfaces.Generation is frozen sticky condition and is mainly comprised: 0 DEG C and following temperature, certain water content and cooling time etc.After sea ice fragmentation, bittern is attached to the surface of little ice pellets, below 0 DEG C time, very easily freezes sticky phenomenon with metal.
The desalination process of sea ice has desalination process, the centrifugal desalination process of immersion, soaks centrifugal desalination process, gravity desalinization method etc.Wherein soak desalination process and gravity desalinization owned by France in batch (-type) desalination mode, centrifugal desalination process and the centrifugal desalination process of immersion can be realized by batch (-type) and two kinds of modes of continous way.Generally the output of serialization desalination process and operability are all better than batch (-type) desalination process.
The centrifugal desalination of sea ice is the one of Sea ice method,, while utilizing seawater icing, salinity is got rid of to the characteristic outside solid ice crystal, sea ice fragmentation is broken to the bittern born of the same parents that are included in sea ice inside, then by centrifugal dehydration remove portion bittern, reduce the method for the overall saliferous rate of sea ice.The feasibility of producing due to its serialization, therefore provides basis and foundation to the industrialization that the R and D of this technical method can be Sea ice.
The technical barrier that need to solve for the device of the centrifugal desalination of serialization sea ice in sum, is as follows:
1. ice crusher will have stronger trash ice ability, can process large-sized ice cube, the ice pellets appropriate diameter of output.
2. conveying equipment will have good continuous performance, can carry the sea ice that there is no mobility, and can enter smoothly in centrifuge.
3. all devices all will avoid sea ice and device freeze and stop up.
4. centrifuge will ensure enough centrifugation abilities, guarantees the quality of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice.
Sea ice has China scientist to propose first in nineteen ninety-five, and its object is sea ice to develop as freshwater resources, for the annual sea ice of middle latitude district (Bohai Sea and north Yellow Sea of China) bank provides a kind of novel desalination water resource.Sea ice there is no precedent in the world, and required technology and equipment will design separately research and development according to sea ice structure feature and engineering demand.
The present invention is intended to solve above-mentioned technical barrier, and a kind of apparatus system and technical method of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice of can serialization carrying out is provided, and a kind of centrifugal desalinating process of sea ice of serialization is also provided simultaneously.The inventive method is that serialization is produced, and treating capacity is large, and treating capacity can reach 9t/h, is intermittently the more than 7 times of device processes amount of same size, and suitable large output is desalinated fast; Method equipment simple layout compactness of the present invention, floor space is little, large-scale application on by the sea suitable or ship.
Summary of the invention
The centrifugal desalination process of sea ice that technical problem solved by the invention proposes for existing background technology, it can reduce the sticky situation of freezing of sea ice and equipment, improves the separative efficiency of centrifugal desalination, realizes serialization and produces, and efficiency format high throughput is large.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The centrifugal system unit for desalting of a kind of sea ice of the present invention (Fig. 1), by conveying device, icebreaking device and centrifugal device connect and compose; Conveying device is conveyer belt and feeding screw, and icebreaking device is that drum-type ice crusher connects hammer ice crusher, and centrifugal device is made up of dashpot and horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal; Dashpot is directly connected with horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, and agitating device is set in dashpot, and ice pellets is stirred; The outlet of drum-type ice crusher is directly connected with the entrance of hammer ice crusher, carries out airtight with steel plate; Horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal feed pipe horizontal positioned, built-in feeding screw; Feeding screw and dashpot are connected to one; The outlet of hammer ice crusher is connected with dashpot by conveyer belt.
Described described drum-type ice crusher (Fig. 2) feed gap dimension is greater than 450 × 350mm, processes large scale ice cube, requires broken ice pellets particle diameter between 3 to 15mm.
Described hammer mill (Fig. 3) is applied to the second-time breakage of sea ice, and sieve plate is installed, and the ice pellets diameter after its fragmentation is between 3～6mm.
Described dashpot is directly connected with horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, plays the effect of buffering ice pellets transport.
The conveying that described feeding screw enters horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal for sea ice, feeding screw is placed in feed pipe, and the spacing of feed pipe and cloth tray is 2～4cm, avoids feed pipe to stop up.For saving power consumption, feeding screw 26 is set to overall structure (Fig. 4) with the flat leaf agitator in dashpot.At feed pipe outer wall wrap round heat tracing band, the sea ice in feed pipe is preheated.
Described horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal (Fig. 5) is the main part of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice serialization, and its rotary drum cone angle is not less than 40 °, and the effective separation length of rotary drum is not less than 400mm.
Adopt device of the present invention to carry out the centrifugal desalination process of sea ice (Fig. 6), the ice production apparatus of adopting that it is characterized in that seashore will be delivered to deicing by conveyer belt after sea ice collection, first process by drum-type ice crusher the large-scale ice cube that full-size is 400 × 400 × 30mm, obtain after little ice pellets that diameter is less than 15mm, carry out second-time breakage by hammer ice crusher again, obtain the ice pellets of diameter between 3～6mm that is applicable to centrifugal desalination and can cause horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal to stop up; Ice pellets after fragmentation again by tape transport in the dashpot being connected with horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, dashpot avoids ice pellets to freeze by stirring action, its inner ice pellets enters horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal by feeding screw, obtains fresh ice through the centrifugation of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal.
The present invention has following features:
1. the present invention is to the no requirement (NR) of field ice saliferous rate, and can process larger-size ice cube, by obtaining being applicable to the ice pellets of centrifugal desalination after fragmentation;
2. the inventive method is that serialization is produced, and by ice crusher, the coordinative role of dashpot and horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal and the conveying effect of conveyer belt and feeding screw, realize the serialization requirement of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice;
3. the inventive method treating capacity is large, and treating capacity can reach 9t/h, is intermittently the more than 7 times of device processes amount of same size, and suitable large output is desalinated fast;
4. method equipment simple layout compactness of the present invention, floor space is little, large-scale application on by the sea suitable or ship.
The inventive method is that serialization is produced, and treating capacity is large, and treating capacity can reach 9t/h, is intermittently the more than 7 times of device processes amount of same size, and suitable large output is desalinated fast; Method equipment simple layout compactness of the present invention, floor space is little, large-scale application on by the sea suitable or ship.
Brief description of the drawings
The centrifugal system unit for desalting figure of Fig. 1 serialization sea ice;
Fig. 2 is the device schematic diagram of drum-type ice crusher;
Fig. 3 is the device schematic diagram of hammer ice crusher;
Fig. 4 is the combining structure of dashpot and feeding screw;
Fig. 5 is horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the centrifugal desalination process flow chart of serialization sea ice;
Wherein: 1. horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, 2. dashpot, 4. conveyer belt, 5. hammer ice crusher, 6. cylinder ice crusher, 7. drum-type ice crusher charging aperture, 8. ice cube, 9. hammer ice crusher body fuselage, 10. cylinder, 11. hammer ice crusher charging apertures, 12. hammer ice crusher body fuselages, 13. rotors, 14. sieve plates, 15. back bin plates, 16.O RunddichtringO, 17. band rib axle sleeves, 18. pusher chain pulley seats, 19. keys, 20. hex bolts, 21. ring washers, 22. chains, 23. main shafts, 24. flat leaf agitators, 25. tank diameters, 26. feeding screws, 27. reducing bolt bands, 28. tank diameter tapering transition sections, 29. tank diameter straight sections, 30. feed pipes, 31. centrifuge shells, 32. rotary drums, 33. bittern outlets, 34. fresh ice outlets.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
The centrifugal desalination system of a kind of serialization sea ice, by conveying device, icebreaking device and centrifugal device form.Wherein conveying device is conveyer belt 4 and feeding screw 26, and icebreaking device is drum-type ice crusher 6 and hammer ice crusher 5, and centrifugal device is made up of dashpot 2 and horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1.
Described drum-type ice crusher 6 is applicable to broken large scale ice cube, its disposal ability is strong, but because the structure of drum-type ice crusher 6 is limit, the ice pellets diameter of its processing is inhomogeneous, particle diameter between 3 to 15mm not etc., major diameter ice pellets easily causes the obstruction of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1, and separating effect is poor, therefore needs it to carry out second-time breakage.
Described hammer mill 5 is applied to the second-time breakage of sea ice, and its breaking capacity is strong, and the ice pellets diameter after fragmentation, between 3 to 6mm, is applicable to the centrifugal desalination of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1, and can not cause the obstruction of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1.The outlet of drum-type ice crusher 6 is directly connected with the entrance of hammer mill 5, seals with sheet metal, avoids ice pellets to splash.
Described dashpot 2 is directly connected with horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1, because the charging of ice crusher is bulk sea ice, therefore the ice cube of its charging has certain time interval, therefore the ice pellets of ice crusher outlet is continuous not, for ensureing the continuous and uniformity of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1 charging, ice pellets after fragmentation is first conveyed in dashpot 2 and cushions, then enters in horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1 by feeding screw 26.For avoiding ice pellets to freeze in dashpot, flat leaf agitator 24 is set in dashpot, ice pellets is stirred.
Described feeding screw 26 enters the conveying of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal for sea ice, because the mobility of sea ice is poor, cannot flow directly in centrifuge by the feed pipe of traditional horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, therefore need to enter in horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1 by the progradation of spiral propeller.Feeding screw 26 is placed in feed pipe 30, and feed pipe 30 is 2～4cm with the spacing of cloth tray, avoids feed pipe 30 to stop up.Because the desalting efficiency of sea ice and the height of temperature are directly proportional, more high desalination effect is better for temperature.Therefore at feed pipe 30 outer wall wrap round heat tracing bands, the sea ice in feed pipe is preheated, strengthen the desalting effect of centrifuge.Close feed pipe place at baffle plate and discharge cover opens the hole that diameter is 20mm, ensures that a ribbon heater can pass baffle plate, is wound around whole feed pipe.Open respectively again the hole (hole is positioned in the middle of baffle plate) of 4 diameter 40mm at two plate washers, between two baffle holes and hole, can settle ceramic skeleton, heating wire (Fig. 5) can be installed on skeleton.
Described horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal is the main part of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice serialization, its rotary drum cone angle can not be less than 40 °, the effective separation length of rotary drum can not be lower than 400mm, and set up baffle plate therein, sea ice is 10s ~ 20s in the time of staying of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, has effectively ensured effect and the continuity of centrifugal desalination.
The centrifugal desalination process of a kind of serialization sea ice, its flow process is:
The ice production apparatus of adopting of seashore will be delivered to deicing by conveyer belt after sea ice collection, first by drum-type ice crusher 6, berg is broken into the ice pellets that diameter is less, carry out second-time breakage by hammer ice crusher 5, obtaining the minor diameter ice pellets that is applicable to centrifugal desalination and can cause horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal to stop up.Ice pellets after fragmentation is transported in the dashpot 2 being connected with horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1 by conveyer belt 3 again, enters centrifuge by feeding screw 26, obtains fresh ice through the centrifugation of horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal 1.
Example 1
Test site is Wafangdian City, Dalian, Liaoning Province, and field ice picks up from Liaodong Wan, and sea ice thickness is 10 ~ 15cm approximately, and ice cube size is about 400 × 350mm, temperature-5 DEG C when test.
Experiment intermediate roll formula ice crusher adopts SY-BB-05 type ice crusher, hammer ice crusher is CY hammer movable crusher, centrifuge is the improvement type of IW-500 type horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, and dashpot and feeding screw are according to centrifuge feed pipe and treating capacity self-control.Between each equipment, linked by conveyer belt.
In experiment first by each opening of device, free-runing operation.Sea ice is entered in ice crusher by conveyer belt, enters dashpot after second-time breakage, then enters in centrifuge by stirring material-pulling device.Centrifugal action through centrifuge obtains fresh ice.
Centrifuge speed is 2000r/min, material mean residence time 10s ~ 20s, and Centrifugal Effluent Treatment flows into water tank, centrifugally goes out to melt after ice collection the saliferous rate of measuring.In experimentation, there is not to block and freeze sticky phenomenon., after five minutes, get sea ice sample and measure salinity until system stability work eleven, even get three times and average.
Result is: the saliferous rate that determines ice is 0.7 ‰.Reach nonsaline-alkali soil area irrigation water national standard.
Example 2
Test site is Wafangdian City, Dalian, Liaoning Province, and field ice picks up from Liaodong Wan, and sea ice thickness is 10 ~ 15cm approximately, and ice cube size is about 400 × 350mm, temperature-4 DEG C when test.
Experiment intermediate roll formula ice crusher adopts SY-BB-05 type ice crusher, hammer ice crusher is CY hammer movable crusher, centrifuge is the improvement type of IW-500 type horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, and dashpot and feeding screw are according to centrifuge feed pipe and treating capacity self-control.Between each equipment, linked by conveyer belt.
In experiment first by each opening of device, free-runing operation.Sea ice is entered in ice crusher by conveyer belt, enters dashpot after second-time breakage, then enters in centrifuge by stirring material-pulling device.Centrifugal action through centrifuge obtains fresh ice.
Centrifuge speed is 2000r/min, material mean residence time 10s ~ 20s, and Centrifugal Effluent Treatment flows into water tank, centrifugally goes out to melt after ice collection the saliferous rate of measuring.In experimentation, there is not to block and freeze sticky phenomenon., after five minutes, get sea ice sample and measure salinity until system stability work eleven, even get three times and average.
Result is: the saliferous rate that determines ice is 0.6 ‰.Reach nonsaline-alkali soil area irrigation water national standard.
Example 3
Test site is Huanghua City, Hebei province, and field ice picks up from Bohai Sea Gulf, and sea ice thickness is 15 ~ 20cm approximately, and ice cube size is about 400 × 350mm, temperature-7 DEG C when test.
Experiment intermediate roll formula ice crusher adopts SY-BB-05 type ice crusher, hammer ice crusher is CY hammer movable crusher, centrifuge is the improvement type of IW-500 type horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal, and dashpot and feeding screw are according to centrifuge feed pipe and treating capacity self-control.Between each equipment, linked by conveyer belt.
In experiment first by each opening of device, free-runing operation.Sea ice is entered in ice crusher by conveyer belt, enters dashpot after second-time breakage, then enters in centrifuge by stirring material-pulling device.Centrifugal action through centrifuge obtains fresh ice.
Centrifuge speed is 2000r/min, material mean residence time 10s ~ 20s, and Centrifugal Effluent Treatment flows into water tank, centrifugally goes out to melt after ice collection the saliferous rate of measuring.In experimentation, there is not to block and freeze sticky phenomenon., after five minutes, get sea ice sample and measure salinity until system stability work eleven, even get three times and average.
Result is: the saliferous rate that determines ice is 1.04 ‰.Reach saline-alkali soil area irrigation water national standard.
Claims (2)
1. the centrifugal system unit for desalting of sea ice, by conveying device, icebreaking device and centrifugal device connect and compose; It is characterized in that conveying device is conveyer belt and screw feeding device, icebreaking device is that drum-type ice crusher connects hammer ice crusher, and centrifugal device is made up of dashpot and horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal; Dashpot is directly connected with centrifuge, and agitating device is set in dashpot, and ice pellets is stirred; The outlet of drum-type ice crusher is directly connected with the entrance of hammer ice crusher, carries out airtight with steel plate; Centrifuge feed pipe horizontal positioned, built-in screw feeding device; Screw feeding device and dashpot are connected to one; The outlet of hammer ice crusher is connected with dashpot by conveyer belt;
The conveying that described feeding screw enters centrifuge for sea ice, feeding screw is placed in feed pipe, the spacing of feed pipe and cloth tray is 2～4cm, avoids feed pipe to stop up, and at feed pipe outer wall wrap round heat tracing band, the sea ice in feed pipe is preheated; Close feed pipe place at baffle plate and discharge cover opens the hole that diameter is 20mm, ensures that a ribbon heater can pass baffle plate, is wound around whole feed pipe; The hole of opening respectively again 4 diameter 40mm at two plate washers, hole is positioned in the middle of baffle plate, between two baffle holes and hole, can settle ceramic skeleton, and heating wire is installed on skeleton;
Described centrifugal discharging type centrifugal machine is the main part of the centrifugal desalination of sea ice serialization, its rotary drum cone angle is not less than 40 °, the effective separation length of rotary drum is not less than 400mm, and set up baffle plate therein, sea ice is 10s～20s in the time of staying of centrifuge, has effectively ensured effect and the continuity of centrifugal desalination.
2. adopt the device of claim 1 to carry out the centrifugal desalination process of sea ice, it is characterized in that: the ice production apparatus of adopting of seashore will be delivered to deicing by conveyer belt after sea ice collection, first process by drum-type ice crusher the large-scale ice cube that full-size is 400 × 400 × 30mm, obtain after little ice pellets that diameter is less than 15mm, carry out second-time breakage by hammer ice crusher again, obtain the ice pellets of diameter between 3～6mm that is applicable to centrifugal desalination and can cause centrifuge to stop up; Ice pellets after fragmentation again by tape transport in the dashpot being connected with centrifuge, dashpot avoids ice pellets to freeze by stirring action, its inner ice pellets enters horizontal centrifugal conveyer centrifugal by screw feeding device, obtains fresh ice through the centrifugation of centrifuge.
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| CN103851849B (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-11-18 | 北京师范大学 | One utilizes the centrifugal Sea ice method of microwave |
| CN103864162B (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-04-08 | 北京师范大学 | Method for desalting sea ice through microwave negative pressure |
| US11331679B2 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2022-05-17 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Centrifugal separator |
| CN111056583B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2024-09-20 | 浙江工业大学 | Double-effect two-stage compression heat pump sea water desalting device |
| CN111056582B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2024-09-20 | 浙江工业大学 | Double-effect air heat dissipation cascade heat pump sea water desalting device |
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| CN1919744A (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-02-28 | 国家海洋环境监测中心 | Solid and liquid two-phase mixture of sea ice, preparation method thereof and sea ice solid-state centrifugation desalinization method |
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| EP1688183A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-09 | Jean-Denis Rochat | Method and disposable device for centrifugal separation of a physiologic liquid |
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| CN1919744A (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-02-28 | 国家海洋环境监测中心 | Solid and liquid two-phase mixture of sea ice, preparation method thereof and sea ice solid-state centrifugation desalinization method |
| CN101524173A (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2009-09-09 | 昆明中农贸易有限公司 | Yacon juice processing technique |
| CN101811098A (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2010-08-25 | 天津大学 | Novel centrifuger stirring material feeding equipment and application |
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