CN102939071B - 包含低含量脂肪羟乙基磺酸盐产品和低的总脂肪酸和/或脂肪酸皂含量的温和发泡液体清洁剂 - Google Patents
包含低含量脂肪羟乙基磺酸盐产品和低的总脂肪酸和/或脂肪酸皂含量的温和发泡液体清洁剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102939071B CN102939071B CN201080045859.4A CN201080045859A CN102939071B CN 102939071 B CN102939071 B CN 102939071B CN 201080045859 A CN201080045859 A CN 201080045859A CN 102939071 B CN102939071 B CN 102939071B
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- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
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Abstract
本发明涉及包含低含量的特定脂肪羟乙基磺酸盐产品(例如小于4重量%)和低的总脂肪酸含量(小于4%)的液体个人护理组合物,其相当令人惊讶地保持比具有高的总脂肪酸含量的相同组合物优异的发泡属性。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及包含低含量的特定脂肪羟乙基磺酸盐产品(例如小于4重量%,优选小于3重量%)和低的总脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂含量(例如,小于4%)的液体个人护理皮肤或毛发清洁组合物。令人惊讶地和出乎意料地,为保持比除具有更高的总脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂含量(例如,高于4%)或更高的脂肪羟乙基磺酸盐产品外在其它方面相同或基本相同(例如在表面活性剂、润肤剂(emollient)、聚合物方面)的组合物更优异的泡沫,需要低的脂肪羟乙基磺酸盐产品和低的总脂肪酸/皂。已发现脂肪羟乙基磺酸盐产品中长链脂肪酸/皂的量对良好温和性而言至关重要。该产品中脂肪酸/皂的总量也至关重要。
发明背景
脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐(例如,椰油酰基羟乙基磺酸盐)是个人护理皮肤或毛发清洁产品,特别是个人护理产品中非常合意的阴离子型表面活性剂,因为它们良好起泡,通常对皮肤温和并具有良好润肤性质。通常,通过脂肪酸的酯化或通过具有C8至C20的碳链长度的脂肪酰基氯与羟乙基磺酸盐的反应,制造脂肪酸羟乙基磺酸盐。典型的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂产品(例如,市售或制成的表面活性剂产品)除通常小于5%的羟乙基磺酸盐和痕量(小于2重量%)其它杂质外还含有大约40至95重量%脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和0至50重量%,通常5至40重量%游离脂肪酸。在本发明中,由于使用低的羟乙基磺酸盐产品总量,已发现重要的是,存在极少量(大于15%,优选大于20%)脂肪酸/脂肪皂(fatty soap)(作为该产品的百分比),此外,产品中的大于50%,优选大于60%的这些脂肪酸/皂具有链长C16-C20(例如,为保持温和性)。具体而言,该产品中的长链含量(通过将产品中的总脂肪酸/皂乘以长链的%来计算)应大于7.5%,优选大于10%。
在之前的申请美国序号No. 11/958,471中,申请人要求使用在总组合物中包含3至45重量%脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品和4至20重量%C8至C20总直链脂肪酸和/或脂肪酸皂的组合物。通过确保长度大于C14的脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂占总直链脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂的20至70%且总直链脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂与总合成表面活性剂的比率在给定范围内,该申请的申请人能够确保在高温和低温下的一致粘度。
该申请特别涉及使用含有相对大量(例如产品的至少10%)的游离脂肪酸的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品。
在该参考资料中,没有使用小于4重量%脂肪酸羟乙基磺酸盐产品(实施例13中使用4%),在该实施例中,还使用至少4%游离脂肪酸(例如,4%月桂酸)而且肯定更多,因为在脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品本身中还存在一些脂肪酸。
从未考虑使用低酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品含量和低总脂肪酸含量,因为本领域技术人员的预期是使用较少脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品会造成较低泡沫值。但是,相当出乎意料地,申请人已经发现,可以在保持良好泡沫的同时使用较低的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品含量(以较低成本保持此类产品的益处),但必须使总游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂的含量保持低于4%且C16至C20脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂的总含量为0.1至2%,优选0.3至1.5%以提供温和性和良好泡沫。因此,违反直觉地,申请人能使用较少酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品和较少游离脂肪酸(实际上出乎意料地,申请人发现他们必须使用较少脂肪酸)以确保良好发泡。
申请人认识到在本领域中没有参考资料教导或提议与上限量的游离脂肪酸/皂(来自总组合物中综合的酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品和游离脂肪酸/皂)联合的低酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品含量以确保比具有较高的总游离脂肪酸/皂的其它方面相同的组合物优异的发泡。
广义上相关的其它参考资料包括:
授予Lee的美国专利No. 5,415,810;授予Brody的美国专利No. 5,739,365;美国公开No. 2004/0274863;授予Puvvada的美国专利Nos. 5,952,286和6,077,816;授予Greene等人的美国专利Nos. 5,132,037、5,234,619和5,290,471。
除上述美国序号No. 11/958,471外,申请人还已经提交了在所述一般领域中的其它申请:
11/613,617
11/613,696
11/613,666
11/850,159
12/235,955。
如所示,这些参考资料无一公开必须与0.1至小于4%,优选0.3至3.8%总游离脂肪酸/皂(来自综合的产品和游离脂肪酸/皂)联合使用的0.1至小于4%,优选0.5至小于4%,优选0.5至3.8重量%脂肪酸羟乙基磺酸盐产品;且其中长链C16至C20脂肪酸/皂的总量为本发明的液体组合物中的0.1至2%,优选0.3至1.5%。此外,这些参考资料无一认识到,只有在总游离脂肪酸/皂保持在这些水平时,才能意外地增强其它方面相同(例如,在助表面活性剂、润肤剂、阳离子型聚合物等方面)的组合物中的泡沫。这是违反直觉的,因为本来想使用更多脂肪酸羟乙基磺酸盐产品增强泡沫。
如所示,通过利用具有相对大量游离脂肪酸/皂(大于15%)——其C16至C20占>50%以使长链长的总含量为该产品的大于7.5%,优选大于10%——的羟乙基磺酸盐产品,申请人能够至少部分实现这一目标(在保持良好温和性的同时)。
发明概述
本发明涉及同时包含小于4%脂肪羟乙基磺酸盐产品和小于4%,优选小于3.8%总脂肪酸/皂的新型液体清洁组合物。预料外和相当意外地,当这些参数都以低于4%的含量存在时,泡沫量(在其它方面相同的组合物中)明显高于羟乙基磺酸盐产品含量大于或等于4%和/或总脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂含量大于或等于4%的组合物的泡沫量。此外,已发现该产品中脂肪酸/皂的总含量和羟乙基磺酸盐产品组分中长链脂肪酸/皂的量至关重要。
更具体地,本发明包括液体清洁组合物,其包含:
(a)0.3至小于4%的脂肪酸羟乙基磺酸盐产品,其中所述产品在该产品中包含40至80%脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐以及15至50%,优选大于或等于20%至50%的游离脂肪酸和/或脂肪酸皂,和其中(例如,为确保最终组合物的温和性)大于20%,优选大于25%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐具有大于或等于C16的链长且大于50%,优选大于60%的游离脂肪酸/皂具有≥C16的链长(例如,C16至C24,优选C16至C20);
(b)3至15%,优选5至15重量%的选自阴离子型表面活性剂(不包括(a)的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐组分)、两性表面活性剂、非离子型表面活性剂及其混合物的助表面活性剂;
(c)0.1至小于4% 的C8至C20总直链游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂(包含(a)的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品中的游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂以及组合物中单独添加的那些),其中直链C16至C20脂肪酸的总量小于2%,优选小于1.5%,但至少0.1%,优选0.3%。
优选地,(a)项的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂与(b)项中的总合成表面活性剂的比率小于1/2,优选小于1/3。
优选地,在小于4%的脂肪酸/皂含量下的泡沫体积(通过量筒摇振法测得)比包含大于或等于4%脂肪酸/皂的相同组合物好至少大约10%,优选大约15%。
该组合物的pH通常为大约4.5至7.6,优选5.0至7.2。
在第二实施方案中,本发明涉及制造这种组合物的方法。
本领域普通技术人员在阅读下列详述和所附权利要求书时容易看出这些和其它方面、特征和优点。为避免疑问,本发明的一个方面的任何特征可用在本发明的任何其它方面中。要指出,下列描述中给出的实例旨在阐明本发明且无意将本发明限于这些实例本身。除了在实验实施例中或在另行指明之处外,本文中所用的表示成分量或反应条件的所有数值应被理解为在所有情况下都被术语“大约”修饰。类似地,除非另行指明,所有百分比为总组合物的重量/重量百分比。以“x至y”格式表示的数值范围被理解为包括x和y。在对于特定要素以格式“x至y”描述多个优选范围时,要理解的是,也考虑组合不同端点的所有范围。此外,在规定浓度范围时,要指出,任何特定上限浓度可以与任何特定下限浓度结合。在说明书或权利要求书中使用术语“包含”时,无意排除没有明确列举的任何项、步骤或要素。为避免疑问,词语“包含”意在表示“包括”,但不一定“由...构成”或“由...组成”。换言之,所列步骤、选项或备选方案不需要是穷举的。除非另行规定,所有温度为摄氏度(℃)。除非另行规定,所有测量值为SI单位。引用的所有文献—在相关部分中—经此引用并入本文。
发明详述
本发明涉及含有脂肪酸羟乙基磺酸盐产品的液体组合物,其中该产品含有15至50%,优选大于或等于20%至50%的游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂,且其中该产品中大于50%,优选大于60%的游离脂肪酸/皂为链长C16至C20且大于或等于20%,优选大于25%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的链长≥C16。一方面,由于其温和性和泡沫,使用这类产品是有益的。另一方面,通过使用较少的该产品,在使成本最小化的同时获得使用这类产品的益处是有益的。但是,较少用量预计造成弱泡沫值。意外地,申请人已经发现,不通过掺入附加的游离脂肪酸,而是完全相反地,通过使游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂总量(来自该组合物中产品和游离脂肪酸/皂的总量)保持在规定的临界值以下,可以使用较少的量。
更具体地,本发明涉及组合物,其包含:
(a)0.3至小于4重量%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品,其中所述产品在该产品中包含40至80%脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐以及15至50%,优选大于或等于20%至50%的游离脂肪酸和/或脂肪酸皂且其中(例如,为确保最终组合物的温和性)大于20%,优选大于25%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐具有≥C16的链长和大于50%,优选大于60%的游离脂肪酸/皂具有≥C16的链长(例如,C16至C24,优选C16至C20);
(b)3至15%,优选5至12重量%的选自阴离子型表面活性剂(不包括(a)的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐组分)、两性表面活性剂、非离子型表面活性剂及其混合物的助表面活性剂;
(c)0.1至小于4% 的C8至C20总直链游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂(包含脂肪酸产品(a)中的游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂以及组合物中单独添加的那些),其中直链C16至C20脂肪酸的总量小于2%,优选小于1.5%,至少0.1%,优选0.3%。
优选地,(a)项的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂与(b)项中的总合成表面活性剂的比率小于1/2,优选小于1/3。
优选地,在小于4%的脂肪酸/皂含量下的泡沫体积(通过量筒摇振法测得)比包含大于或等于4%总脂肪酸/皂的相同组合物好至少10%,优选大约15%。
该组合物的pH通常为大约4.5至7.6,优选5.0至7.2。
定义
对本发明而言,脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐“产品”包含(除其它组分外)纯脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂(例如,40至80%)以及游离脂肪酸和/或脂肪酸盐(例如,15至50%)。
本发明的组合物包含0.3,优选0.5至小于4重量%脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂产品,在该产品中包含40至80%脂肪羟乙基磺酸盐和最少15%,可能20%至50%的游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂。此外,大于20%,优选大于25%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐具有≥C16的链长且大于50%,优选大于60%的游离脂肪酸/皂具有C16至C20的链长。
因此,例如,含有至少15%脂肪酸/皂和大于50% 的C16至C20的产品在该脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品中具有大于7.5% 的C16至C20脂肪酸/皂。
脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂通常通过羟乙基磺酸盐,如碱金属羟乙基磺酸盐和具有8至20个碳原子和小于20 g的碘值(衡量不饱和程度)的脂族脂肪酸的反应制备,例如:
HOR1SO3M +
RCOOH →RCOOR1SO3H
其中R1是含有2至4个碳的脂族烃基;
M是碱金属阳离子或金属离子(例如,钠、镁、钾、锂)、铵或取代铵阳离子或其它抗衡离子;且
R是具有7至24,优选8至22个碳的脂族烃基。
根据所用加工条件,所得脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品可以是40至80重量%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和50至大约15重量%,通常40至20重量%的游离脂肪酸,以及通常以小于5重量%存在的羟乙基磺酸盐和痕量(小于2重量%)其它杂质的混合物。优选地,脂族脂肪酸的混合物用于制备商业脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂,所得脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂(例如,由碱金属羟乙基磺酸盐和脂族脂肪酸的反应产生)应具有大于20重量%,优选大于25%,但不大于40重量%,优选35%(基于脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐反应产物)含16个或更多碳原子的脂肪酰基以提供所得脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的泡沫和温和性。这些较长链脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂和脂肪酸,即含16个或更多碳的脂肪酰基和脂肪酸通常在室温下在水中形成不可溶表面活性剂/脂肪酸晶体。据信,这些长链脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂与该产品中的游离长链脂肪酸一起有助于用于皮肤清洁剂用途的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的温和性。
特别可用于本发明的商业脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的实例是Unilever生产的DEFI片和Dove®清洁棒条(cleansing bar noodles)。DEFI(脂肪羟乙基磺酸盐的直接酯化)片(flakes)通常含有大约68至80重量%脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸钠和15至30重量%游离脂肪酸。所得脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐的大于25重量%和不大于35%的脂肪酰基具有16至18个碳原子;大于60重量%的游离脂肪酸具有16至18个碳原子。Dove®清洁棒条是上述DEFI片和长链(主要C16和C18)脂肪酸和脂肪酸皂的混合物,其含有大约40至55重量%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和30至40重量%的脂肪酸和脂肪酸皂。由于长链(16或更多个碳)脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和脂肪酸的高含量,这些优选脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂产品极温和并对皮肤具有极好润肤益处。DEFI片和Dove®清洁棒条是个人清洁市场,尤其是个人清洁皂中最广泛使用的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品。这些温和的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品掺入个人清洁液中并实现所得液体的优异发泡性质是极合意的。
令人惊讶地发现,这些优选的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品作为主要表面活性剂添加到含有合成的助表面活性剂(下述)的液体中对所得液体的泡沫具有巨大影响。这显示在本发明的实施例中。在脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的低含量下,由于添加了额外的表面活性剂,增强了该液体的泡沫(实施例1 vs. 对比例E,其中当使用在本发明的定义内的2%羟乙基磺酸盐产品时,泡沫为37.1至43.4)。但是,在4%含量下(对比例C),与无脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的液体(对比例E)相比,泡沫意外地减少。含有主要短链脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂和低含量(5-8%)的椰油脂肪酸的使用椰油酰基羟乙基磺酸钠产品制成的类似液体(Jordopan CI)没有表现出这样的对泡沫的不利作用(对比例C vs. C2)。但是,尤其考虑到>C16总脂肪酸和脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂的低含量,这种组合物较不温和。为实现温和性和保持或增强含有低含量合成表面活性剂的液体的泡沫,添加到本发明的液体组合物中的优选的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的量低于4重量%,优选低于3重量%。
合成助表面活性剂
本发明的第二组分是选自如下所述的阴离子型表面活性剂、非离子型表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂的表面活性剂。在测定助表面活性剂的含量时,不计入作为酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的一部分形成的酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂的量。本发明中所用的合成助表面活性剂的量可以为3至15重量%,优选5至12重量%;且其含量大于添加到本发明的液体中的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的量。合成助表面活性剂与脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂的比率为至少2比1,优选至少3比1和不大于20比1。
该阴离子型表面活性剂可以是例如脂族磺酸盐,如伯烷(例如C8-C22)磺酸盐、伯烷(例如C8-C22)二磺酸盐、C8-C22烯磺酸盐、C8-C22羟基烷磺酸盐或烷基甘油基醚磺酸盐(AGS);或芳族磺酸盐,如烷基苯磺酸盐。
该阴离子型表面活性剂还可以是烷基硫酸盐(例如C12-C18烷基硫酸盐)或烷基醚硫酸盐(包括烷基甘油基醚硫酸盐)。
烷基醚硫酸盐包括具有下式的那些:
RO(CH2CH2O)nSO3M
其中R是具有8至18个碳,优选12至16个碳的烷基或烯基,n具有大于至少0.5,优选2至3的平均值;且M是增溶阳离子,如钠、钾、铵或取代铵。十二烷基醚硫酸铵和十二烷基醚硫酸钠是优选的。
该阴离子型表面活性剂还可以是烷基磺基丁二酸盐(包括单-和二烷基,例如C6-C22磺基丁二酸盐);烷基和酰基牛磺酸盐,烷基和酰基肌氨酸盐、烷基和酰基甘氨酸盐、烷基磺基乙酸盐、C8-C22烷基磷酸盐、烷基磷酸酯和烷氧基烷基磷酸酯、酰基乳酸盐、C8-C22单烷基丁二酸盐和马来酸盐、和支化酰基羟乙基磺酸盐。
另一类阴离子型表面活性剂是乙氧基化羧酸盐,如下列:
R-(CH2CH2O)nCO2M
其中R是C8至C20烷基;n是1至20;且M如上定义。
可用的另一羧酸盐是酰氨基烷基多肽羧酸盐,例如Seppic. Soap的Monteine LCQ(R),即中和的脂肪酸不被视为本发明中的合成助表面活性剂。
两性离子型表面活性剂以可大致描述为脂族季铵、鏻和锍化合物的衍生物的那些为例,其中脂族基团可以是直链或支化链,且其中脂族取代基之一含有大约8至大约18个碳原子,一个含有阴离子基团,例如羧基、磺酸根、硫酸根、磷酸根或膦酸根。这些化合物的通式是:
其中R2含有具有大约8至大约18个碳原子、0至大约10个环氧乙烷部分和0至大约1个甘油基部分的烷基、烯基或羟烷基基团;Y选自氮、磷和硫原子;R3是含有大约1至大约3个碳原子的烷基或单羟烷基;当Y是硫原子时X是1,当Y是氮或磷原子时X是2;R4是含有大约1至大约4个碳原子的亚烷基或羟基亚烷基,且Z是选自羧酸根、磺酸根、硫酸根、膦酸根和磷酸根的基团。
本发明中可用的两性洗涤剂包括至少一个酸基。这可以是羧酸或磺酸基。它们包括季氮并因此是季酰氨基酸。它们通常应包括具有7至18个碳原子的烷基或烯基。它们通常符合总结构式:
其中R1是含有7至18个碳原子的烷基或烯基;
R2和R3各自独立地为含有1至3个碳原子的烷基、羟烷基或羧烷基;
n是2至4;
m是0至1;
X是任选被羟基取代的含有1至3个碳原子的亚烷基,且
Y是-CO2-或-SO3-。
两性乙酸盐和二两性乙酸盐也意欲涵盖在可能可用的两性离子和/或两性化合物中。
可用的非离子型表面活性剂特别包括具有疏水基团和反应性氢原子的化合物,例如脂族醇、酸、酰胺或烷基酚,与环氧烷,尤其是环氧乙烷自身或环氧乙烷与环氧丙烷一起的的反应产物。具体的非离子型洗涤剂化合物是烷基(C6-C22)酚-环氧乙烷缩合物、脂族(C8-C18)伯或仲直链或支化醇与环氧乙烷的缩合产物和通过环氧丙烷和乙二胺的反应产物与环氧乙烷缩合制成的产物。其它所谓的非离子型洗涤剂化合物包括长链叔胺氧化物、长链叔膦氧化物和二烷基亚砜。
该非离子型表面活性剂也可以是糖酰胺,如多糖酰胺。具体而言,该表面活性剂可以是经此引用并入本文的授予Au等人的美国专利No. 5,389,279中描述的乳糖酰胺(lactobionamide)之一,或其可以是经此引用并入本申请的授予Kelkenberg的专利No. 5,009,814中描述的糖酰胺之一。
在授予Parran Jr.的美国专利No. 3,723,325中描述了可用的其它表面活性剂,和如授予Llenado的美国专利No. 4,565,647中所公开的烷基多糖非离子型表面活性剂,这两个专利也都经此引用并入本申请。
优选的烷基多糖是下式的烷基多糖苷
R2O(CnH2nO)t(糖基)x
其中R2选自烷基、烷基苯基、羟烷基、羟烷基苯基及其混合物,其中烷基含有大约10至大约18,优选大约12至大约14个碳原子;n是0至3,优选2;t是0至大约10,优选0;且x是1.3至大约10,优选1.3至大约2.7。糖基优选得自葡萄糖。为了制备这些化合物,首先形成醇或烷基聚乙氧基醇,随后与葡萄糖或葡萄糖源反应,以形成糖苷(连接在1-位置)。附加的糖基单元可随后连接在它们的1-位置与前一糖基单元2-、3-、4-和/或6-位置,优选主要2-位置之间。
在授予Parran Jr.的美国专利No. 3,723,325和Schwartz, Perry & Berch的"Surface Active Agents and
Detergents" (Vol. I & II)中描述了可用的其它表面活性剂,这两个专利也都经此引用并入本申请。
本发明的一种优选组合物包含酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品以及阴离子型表面活性剂(例如烷氧基化硫酸盐,如碱金属烷基醚硫酸盐)和两性表面活性剂(例如内铵盐)的混合物。另一优选实施方案包括羟乙基磺酸盐产品和阴离子型表面活性剂(其包含硫酸盐和甘氨酸盐表面活性剂的混合物)以及两性表面活性剂。在另一些实施方案中,该羟乙基磺酸盐产品可以仅与烷基醚硫酸盐;仅与两性表面活性剂一起使用或完全不与任何助表面活性剂一起使用。
脂肪酸
本发明的另一基本成分是长链和短链直链脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂在液体组合物中的组合。为易于论述,要指出,只要使用术语脂肪酸,其被理解为包括脂肪酸和脂肪酸皂。本发明中的长链脂肪酸是指含16至20个碳的直链脂肪酸;短链脂肪酸是含8至14(优选10至12)个碳的直链脂肪酸。脂肪酸用于提高该液体组合物在等于或高于环境温度下的粘度以使该液体组合物的粘度在室温或室温以上储存时保持足够粘以维持其物理稳定性。除提高液体粘度和储存稳定性外,直链长链脂肪酸具有良好润肤性质并可提高合成表面活性剂的温和性。直链短链脂肪酸,尤其是C10至C12,已知有效增强液体组合物的泡沫。需要长链和短链脂肪酸的混合物以制造稳定、具有良好泡沫并对皮肤温和的液体。对含有低含量的优选温和脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品和合成助表面活性剂的本发明的液体组合物而言,发现需要特定的脂肪酸混合物才能实现该液体的良好发泡性质。如本发明的实施例中所示,为具有良好泡沫,脂肪酸总量必须小于4%,优选小于3.5%;含有16或更多个碳的直链脂肪酸在本发明的总液体组合物中必须小于2.0%,优选小于1.5%,最优选小于1.0%。长链脂肪酸的最低量取决于该液体组合物中脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的含量及其脂肪酸含量;优选具有至少0.1%,优选0.3%以实现良好泡沫和温和性。
水溶性/分散性聚合物
水溶性/分散性聚合物是优选包含在本发明的液体组合物中的任选成分。该水溶性/分散性聚合物可以是分子量高于100,000道尔顿的阳离子型、阴离子型、两性或非离子型聚合物。这些聚合物已知提高了液体清洁剂组合物的粘度和稳定性,改善使用中和使用后的皮肤感觉,和增强泡沫绵密性(lather creaminess)和泡沫稳定性。当在本发明中使用水不溶性皮肤增益剂时,需要水溶性/分散性聚合物以稳定悬浮添加的皮肤增益剂。根据液体清洁剂的组成,所用聚合物的量可以为0.1至10重量%。
本发明中可用的水溶性/或分散性聚合物的实例包括糖胶(carbohydrate gum),如纤维素胶、微晶纤维素、纤维素凝胶、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟甲基纤维素或羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、瓜尔胶、刺梧桐胶、黄蓍树胶、阿拉伯树胶、金合欢树胶、琼脂胶(gum agar)、黄原胶及其混合物;具有30至85℃的胶凝温度的改性和非改性淀粉颗粒和预胶凝冷水可溶淀粉;聚丙烯酸酯;Carbopol;碱溶性乳液聚合物,如Aculyn 28、Aculyn 22或Carbopol Aqua SF1;阳离子型聚合物,如改性多糖,包括可以以商品名Jaguar C13S、Jaguar C14S、Jaguar C17或Jaguar C16获自Rhone Poulenc、以商品名BF Guar C-17获自Lamberti的阳离子瓜尔胶;来自Aqualon的Aqua D4091和D4051;阳离子改性纤维素,如来自Amerchol的UCARE Polymer JR 30或JR 40;来自Hercules的N-Hance 3000、N-Hance 3196、N-Hance GPX 215或N-Hance GPX 196;合成阳离子型聚合物,如Nalco的MerQuat 100、MerQuat 280、Merquat 281和Merquat 550;阳离子淀粉,例如Staley Inc.制造的StaLok(R) 100、200、300和400;基于Henkel, Inc.的Galactasol 800系列瓜尔胶的阳离子半乳甘露聚糖;Quadrosoft Um-200;和Polyquaternium-24。
胶凝聚合物,如改性或非改性淀粉颗粒、黄原胶、Carbopol、碱溶性乳液聚合物和阳离子瓜尔胶,如Lamberti BF Guar C17,和阳离子改性纤维素,如UCARE Polymer JR 30或JR 40特别优选用于本发明。
水溶性皮肤增益剂
水溶性皮肤增益剂是优选包含在本发明的液体组合物中的另一任选成分。可以使用多种水溶性皮肤增益剂,且含量可以为0至50重量%,优选1至30%。该材料包括,但不限于,多羟基醇,如甘油、丙二醇、二丙二醇、山梨糖醇、泛酰醇(pantenol)和糖;尿素、α-羟基酸及其盐,如羟基乙酸或乳酸;和分子量小于20,000的低分子量聚乙二醇。用在液体组合物中的优选水溶性皮肤增益剂是甘油、山梨糖醇和丙二醇。
本发明的液体清洁组合物还可包含0至40重量%的增益剂。
一类成分是用于润湿和增强例如皮肤的营养素。这些包括:
a) 维生素,如维生素A和E,和维生素烷基酯,如维生素C烷基酯;
b) 脂质,如胆固醇、胆固醇酯、羊毛脂、乳脂(creaminess)、蔗糖酯和类神经酰胺(pseudo-ceramide);
c) 脂质体形成材料,如磷脂和具有两个长烃链的合适的两性分子;
d) 必需脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸和这些材料的来源;
e) 不饱和脂肪酸的甘油三酯,如葵花油、月见草油、鳄梨油、杏仁油;
d) 由饱和和不饱和脂肪酸的混合物构成的植物脂,如牛油树脂;
e) 矿物质,如锌、镁和铁源;
第二类皮肤增益剂是用于为皮肤提供润湿感的皮肤调节剂。合适的皮肤调节剂包括:
a) 硅油、树胶及其变体,如线性和环状聚二甲基硅氧烷,氨基、烷基和烷基芳基硅油;
b) 烃,如液体石蜡、矿脂、凡士林、微晶蜡、地蜡、角鲨烯、姥鲛烷(pristan)、石蜡和矿物油;
c) 调节蛋白质,如乳蛋白、丝蛋白和谷蛋白;
d) 可用的阳离子型聚合物,如调节剂包括Quatrisoft LM-200
Polyquaternium-24、Merquat Plus 3330 – Polyquaternium 30;和Jaguar®类型的调节剂;
e) 润湿剂,如甘油、山梨糖醇和尿素;
f) 润肤剂,如长链脂肪酸的酯,如棕榈酸异丙酯和乳酸十六酯。
第三类增益剂是深层清洁剂。这些本文中是指可提高刚清洁后的清爽感或可提供对与不完全清洁相关的皮肤问题的持续作用的成分。深层清洁剂包括:
a) 抗微生物剂,如2-羟基-4,2'4'-三氯二苯基醚(DP300)、2,6-二甲基-4-羟基氯苯(PCMX)、3,4,4'-三氯碳酰苯胺(TCC)、3-三氟甲基-4,4'-二氯碳酰苯胺(TFC)、过氧化苯甲酰、锌盐、茶树油,
b) 抗痤疮剂,如水杨酸、乳酸、羟基乙酸和柠檬酸,和过氧化苯甲酰(也是抗微生物剂),
c) 控油剂,包括皮脂抑制剂,改性剂如二氧化硅、二氧化钛,吸油剂,如微海绵(micro sponge),
d) 收敛剂,包括鞣酸、锌和铝盐、植物提取物如来自绿茶和北美金缕梅(Hammailes),
e) 摩擦和去角质粒子,如聚乙烯球、附聚二氧化硅、糖、如来自胡桃、桃、鳄梨和燕麦的磨碎的果核(pits)、种子和果壳,盐
f) 凉爽剂(cooling agents),如甲醇及其各种衍生物和低级醇,
g) 水果和草本植物提取物,
h) 皮肤镇静剂,如芦荟,
i) 香精油,如薄荷(mentah)、茉莉、樟脑、白雪松、苦橙皮、黑麦、松节油、肉桂、香柠檬、温州蜜橘、菖蒲、松树、薰衣草、月桂、丁香、桧树(hiba)、桉树、柠檬、琉璃苣(starflower)、百里香、薄荷、玫瑰、鼠尾草、薄荷醇、桉叶素、苏根醇(sugenol)、柠檬醛、香茅(citronelle)、冰片、芳樟醇、香叶醇(geranoil)、月见草、樟脑、百里酚(tymol)、盘龙参酚(spirantol)、蒎烯(penene)、苧烯和萜类油。
可用的其它增益剂包括防老化合物、防晒剂和增白剂。
当该增益剂是油,尤其是低粘度油时,可以有利地将其预增稠以改善其输送。在这些情况下,可以使用经此引用并入本申请的授予He等人的U.S. 5,817,609中描述的类型的疏水聚合物。
本发明的最终液体清洁剂组合物应具有使用带有Helipath配件,用于T-杆心轴A连接的卡盘、砝码和闭合器组装件(closer assembly),和大于2.5英寸的塑料杯直径的Brookfield RVT粘度计在25℃的温度下在0.5 rpm下测得的大于10,000 cps,优选大于20,000 cps和小于500,000 cps的粘度。
该液体的pH应为4.5至7.6,优选5.0至7.2。该组合物还应在室温和40℃下物理相稳定至少两周。
其它任选组分
此外,本发明的组合物可包括0至10重量%如下任选成分:
芳香剂;0.01至1%,优选0.01至0.05%的量的螯合剂,如乙二胺四乙酸四钠(EDTA)、EHDP或混合物;和着色剂、乳浊剂和珠光剂,如硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸镁、TiO2、EGMS(乙二醇单硬脂酸酯)或Lytron 621(苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物);所有这些都可用于增强该产品的外观或美容性质。
该组合物可进一步包含抗微生物剂,如2-羟基-4,2’4’-三氯二苯基醚(DP300);防腐剂,如二羟甲基二甲基乙内酰脲(Glydant XL 1000)、对羟基苯甲酸酯、抗坏血酸等。
任选地,可以有利地以大约0.01%或更高的量使用抗氧化剂,例如丁基化羟基甲苯(BHT)。
可用的作为调节剂的聚乙二醇包括:
Polyox
WSR-25
PEG
14M,
Polyox
WSR-N-60K
PEG 45M,或
Polyox
WSR-N-750
PEG 7M。
可包括的另一成分是去角质剂,如聚氧乙烯珠粒、胡桃壳和杏仁。
通过溶液量筒摇振法发泡:
1. 混合5克液体清洁剂与45克去离子水大约5分钟直至其形成均匀溶液。
2. 将10克上述稀释液体清洁剂溶液添加到50 cc量筒(大约24厘米高,2.06厘米直径)中。
3. 用玻璃塞盖住该量筒,握住量筒顶并以上下运动以大约20至30厘米距离在8至12秒内摇振该量筒20次。
4. 一旦摇振结束,在进行泡沫测量之前等待60秒。
5. 测量泡沫体积,其是指从溶液表面到泡沫柱顶端的体积。
6. 重复该运行总共4次,计算各液体的平均泡沫体积及标准偏差并显示在表中。
实施例1-3和对比例
制备下列实施例1至3和对比例A至E以例证本发明。
ASAD:51% C18/49% C16直链脂肪酸的混合物。
进一步制备下列实施例4-7和对比例G-J以例证本发明。
ASAD:51% C18/49% C16直链脂肪酸的混合物。
论述
通过将除矿脂、葵花籽油、芳香剂、glydant和EDTA外的所有成分在70至75℃下混合30至50分钟直至所有固体成分,如羟乙基磺酸盐产品A和脂肪酸溶解形成均匀混合物,制备表1和表2中的所有实施例。在冷却过程中添加熔融矿脂和葵花籽油。在液体冷却至低于40℃后添加芳香剂和glydant +(乙内酰脲防腐剂)。羟乙基磺酸盐产品A是Unilever制造的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品。它们含有大约50重量%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂(其含有大约30%的等于或长于16个碳的脂肪酰基)和大约35重量%的直链脂肪酸/直链脂肪酸皂(其中大约79重量%的脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂具有16至20个碳)。使用如规程中阐述的溶液摇振法测得的各制成样品的泡沫体积也概括在表1和2中。
制备对比例F(对照)——无任何脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的液体,作为用于泡沫体积比较的对照物。在实施例1、2和3 vs 对比例F中可清楚看出,添加低含量(2%羟乙基磺酸盐产品A)的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品提高泡沫体积(例如,平均从37.1到大约42)。但是,在添加更高含量,即4%的优选脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品时(对比例C),与不含脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的对比例F相比降低泡沫体积(31.4)。这只有在本发明的优选脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品的情况下才出现。如对比例C2中所示,添加4%含有大约6%游离椰油脂肪酸和大约85%脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂(其含有大约18%的等于或长于16个碳的脂肪酰基)的Jordapon椰油酰基羟乙基磺酸钠产品表现出泡沫体积的提高。但是,由于C2具有较少%的>C16脂肪酸和脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐,其没有良好的温和性。
比较实施例3、4、5和6与对比例G、H、I和J仍可看出,使总脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂保持低含量(<4%)是重要的。在所有本发明的实施例中,泡沫(>40 cc绝对值)明显更好。
Claims (3)
1.个人液体清洁组合物,其包含:
(a)0.3至小于4重量%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐产品,其包含占该产品40至80%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐和占该产品15%至50%的游离脂肪酸和/或脂肪酸皂,其中大于20%的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐具有大于或等于C16的链长且大于50%的游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂具有大于或等于C16的链长;
(b)3至15重量%的选自由阴离子型表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂、非离子型表面活性剂及其混合物组成的助表面活性剂,该阴离子型表面活性剂不包含(a)的脂肪酸羟乙基磺酸盐产品的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐组分;
(c)占该液体清洁组合物0.1至小于4% 的C8至C20总直链游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂,其包含脂肪酸羟乙基磺酸盐产品(a)的游离脂肪酸/脂肪酸皂以及在组合物中单独添加的那些,其中直链C16至C20脂肪酸的总量小于2%,但至少0.1重量%。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中(a)的脂肪酰基羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂与(b)中的总助表面活性剂的比率小于1比2。
3.根据权利要求1的组合物,其具有4.5至7.6的pH。
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US12/577,425 US8124574B2 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2009-10-12 | Mild, foaming liquid cleansers comprising low levels of fatty isethionate product and low total fatty acid and/or fatty acid soap content |
PCT/EP2010/064629 WO2011045191A2 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2010-10-01 | Mild, foaming liquid cleansers comprising low levels of fatty isethionate product and low total fatty acid and/or fatty acid soap content |
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EA201290196A1 (ru) | 2012-10-30 |
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CN102939071A (zh) | 2013-02-20 |
US20110086789A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
BR112012007254B1 (pt) | 2020-12-29 |
AR078567A1 (es) | 2011-11-16 |
EA021866B1 (ru) | 2015-09-30 |
US8124574B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
ZA201201631B (en) | 2013-05-29 |
EP2498747B1 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
CA2774287C (en) | 2017-08-22 |
WO2011045191A2 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
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