CN102938432A - Manufacture method of metal wrap through (MWT) solar cell module - Google Patents
Manufacture method of metal wrap through (MWT) solar cell module Download PDFInfo
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- CN102938432A CN102938432A CN2012104229720A CN201210422972A CN102938432A CN 102938432 A CN102938432 A CN 102938432A CN 2012104229720 A CN2012104229720 A CN 2012104229720A CN 201210422972 A CN201210422972 A CN 201210422972A CN 102938432 A CN102938432 A CN 102938432A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacture method of a metal wrap through (MWT) solar cell module. A positive contact electrode and a negative contact electrode which are asymmetrically distributed are printed at the back of an MWT solar cell and sintered; a solder strip is respectively arranged on the positive contact electrode and the negative contact electrode, the solder strip is respectively connected with the positive contact electrode and the negative contact electrode through soldering treatment, and adjacent MWT solar cells are connected in series through welding of the solder strips to form a series welding cell sheet; and all components are arranged in a sequence of glass, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), the series welding cell sheet, the EVA and a rear panel material, and all components are treated through procedures of laminating, solidifying and sealing to form the MWT solar cell module. The manufacture method does not need perfect alignment between each positive-negative electrode contact point and a contact on an electric conduction base plate, does not need height insulation between a non-contact portion at the cell back and the electric conduction base plate, does not need to improve manufacture processes of the MWT solar cell, does not need to greatly improve a production line of the existing module, is low in cost and simple in flow, and can be directly used for mass production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of solar cells, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of MWT solar module.
Background technology
Photovoltaic technology is a technology of utilizing large-area p-n junction diode to convert solar energy into electrical energy.This p-n junction diode is called solar cell.In traditional solar cell, emitter contact electrode and base stage contact electrode are configured in respectively the tow sides of cell piece.The metal grid lines electrode of contact emitter is the front of manufacturing exposing to sunlight, so the part surface of battery covered by metal, causes a part of optical loss.The front shading-area of ordinary silicon base battery, in 7% left and right, reduces the efficiency that shading-area can directly improve.
" metal is worn and led (Metal Wrap Through) battery ", be called for short the MWT battery, is the battery that a kind of emitter contact electrode and base stage contact electrode all are positioned at cell backside.In the MWT battery structure, the contact electrode of emitter that is positioned at the battery sensitive surface to cell backside, all is positioned at cell backside with the base stage contact electrode by the silicon substrate navigation inside the body, and the extremely collected electric current of surface emitting is flowed out by the back side of battery.With conventional solar cell, compare, the conduction main grid line of battery front side is replaced by the emission electrode that is positioned at the back side, and the shading-area in cell piece front reduces, and accepts the area change of illumination, effectively increased the short circuit current of cell piece, thereby energy content of battery transformation efficiency is improved.Fig. 1 provides the sectional view of conventional MWT solar cell.
Because the positive and negative electrode of MWT solar cell all is positioned at the back side of battery, when making solar photovoltaic assembly, owing to not conducting electricity the main grid line on the surface of MWT battery, so the connection between cell piece must all contact overleaf.Fig. 2 provides the distribution of electrodes of conventional MWT solar cell.The MWT battery component generally adopts the back of the body to use the encapsulation technology of some contact, uses conducting resinl that the both positive and negative polarity contact point of cell backside is connected with the direct of the contact point of making in advance on electrically-conductive backing plate.The advantage of this encapsulation technology is greatly to reduce the contact resistance loss, thereby improves the power output of assembly, makes battery drop to minimum to assembly (CTM) loss.But its shortcoming is component package and requires each both positive and negative polarity contact point on battery to aim at the accurate of contact point on electrically-conductive backing plate, high-insulation between cell backside noncontact position and electrically-conductive backing plate, therefore component package equipment must be increasingly automated, fully different from the component package equipment of now widely used welding connected mode.The technology of electrically-conductive backing plate is still immature at present simultaneously, and cost is higher with respect to prior welding mode.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of MWT solar module, this preparation method does not need each both positive and negative polarity contact point on battery to aim at the accurate of contact point on electrically-conductive backing plate, do not need the high-insulation between cell backside noncontact position and electrically-conductive backing plate yet, need not be improved the manufacture craft of MWT solar cell, do not need existing subassembly line is improved too much yet, with low cost, flow process is simple to operation, can be applied directly in large-scale production.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of preparation method of MWT solar module contains following steps:
(1) print the both positive and negative polarity contact electrode of asymmetric distribution at the MWT back of solar cell, wherein by being, (N+1) * (N-1) or N * (N-1) the positive electrode contact point of array arrangement forms anodal contact electrode, the negative pole contact electrode is comprised of the negative electrode contact point that is N * N array arrangement, and each row positive electrode contact point and negative electrode contact point distribute alternately;
(2) last negative electrode contact point of described every row negative electrode contact point has line stretcher, and described line stretcher ends at but discontiguous position mutually concordant with last positive electrode contact point of adjacent columns;
(3) by after both positive and negative polarity contact electrode sintering, be listed as on positive and negative contact electrode welding is set respectively at each, described welding is provided with the hole corresponding with the positive and negative electrode contact point, by inject scolding tin in hole, realizes that welding is connected with each contact point of positive and negative contact electrode;
(4) adopt welding to weld the series connection that realizes adjacent MWT solar cell, form the series welding cell piece;
(5) following each assembly is arranged according to the order of glass, EVA, series welding cell piece, EVA and back veneer material and through containing lamination, solidify and packaging process is processed and formed the MWT solar module.
In above-mentioned steps:
In step of the present invention (1), anodal contact electrode preferably is comprised of the positive electrode contact point that is 5 * 3 or 4 * 3 array arrangements, and the negative pole contact electrode preferably is comprised of the negative electrode contact point that is 4 * 4 array arrangements.
In step of the present invention (1), each row positive electrode contact point spacing is identical, and the spacing of each row negative electrode contact point is also identical; Spacing between each row positive electrode contact point is identical, and the spacing between each row negative electrode contact point is also identical.
In step of the present invention (1), first row and last row negative electrode contact point are also identical with the distance between MWT solar cell piece edge.
Being shaped as of positive and negative electrode contact point described in step of the present invention (1) is circular or square, and the diameter of described circle or square length of side size are 1mm ~ 7mm.
Line stretcher described in step of the present invention (2) be shaped as straight line, oblique line, L shaped line style or curve.
Line stretcher of the present invention be shaped as straight line the time, the angle of described straight line and negative pole contact electrode is 90 °, described line stretcher be shaped as oblique line the time, the angle of described oblique line and negative pole contact electrode is 45 ° ~ 90 °.
By after both positive and negative polarity contact electrode sintering, on the negative pole contact electrode, print insulation paste in step of the present invention (3), drying is processed and is made to insulate between positive and negative contact electrode; Perhaps, by before both positive and negative polarity contact electrode sintering, insulation paste is printed on the negative pole contact electrode, makes to insulate between positive and negative contact electrode through sintering.
The minimum in hole described in step of the present invention (3) is directly through being 0.05 mm, maximum straight through being no more than the size of positive and negative electrode contact point.
Described in step of the present invention (3) and (4), the width of welding is 1.5 ~ 10.0 mm, and thickness is not less than 0.10 mm, and length is not more than the length of side of MWT solar cell.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) at first the present invention adopts the asymmetric electrode design that is different from conventional figure on the MWT rear surface of solar cell, negative pole is guided to positive pole and is arranged in same welding region, wherein a minimum row's negative electrode contact point is extended with the positive electrode contact point and comes into line, this design can be easy in MWT battery manufacturing process, metallization process be improved and is achieved slightly, and the performance of MWT battery is not had to any negative effect;
(2) in order to guarantee electric insulation, the present invention prints one deck insulation paste on the negative pole zone of MWT finished product solar cell back face, and its pattern is suitably adjusted according to the change of negative pole position, and drying is processed and made between positive and negative contact electrode to insulate; Perhaps, by before both positive and negative polarity contact electrode sintering, insulation paste is printed on the negative pole contact electrode, makes to insulate between positive and negative contact electrode through sintering;
(3) the present invention arranges respectively welding by being listed as on positive and negative contact electrode at each, welding is provided with the hole corresponding with the positive and negative electrode contact point, realize that by inject scolding tin in hole welding is connected with each contact point of positive and negative contact electrode, and adopt welding to weld the series connection that realizes adjacent MWT solar cell, form the series welding cell piece; By welding, being connected can be so that a MWT cell backside positive electrode directly be connected with another MWT cell backside negative electrode, thereby traditional components welding procedure production line directly can be used in the manufacture craft of MWT solar module;
(4) the MWT structure solar module preparation method that preparation method of the present invention makes is simple, high-quality is reliable, adopt the preparation method in the present invention to be improved the manufacture craft of MWT solar cell, do not need existing subassembly line is improved too much yet, with low cost, flow process is simple to operation, can be applied directly in large-scale production.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conventional MWT solar cell, and wherein 1 is the contact of front emitter, and 2 is antireflective coating, and 3 is emitter, and 4 is through hole, and 5 is the contact of back side emitter, and 6 is the base stage contact, and 7 is the cell piece matrix;
Fig. 2 is the distribution of electrodes figure of conventional MWT solar cell;
Fig. 3 A is the MWT rear surface of solar cell electrode lay-out figure of preparation in the embodiment of the present invention 1, and wherein 8 is line stretcher;
Fig. 3 B is the MWT rear surface of solar cell electrode lay-out figure of preparation in the embodiment of the present invention 2, and wherein 8 is line stretcher;
Fig. 3 C is the MWT rear surface of solar cell electrode lay-out figure of preparation in the embodiment of the present invention 3, and wherein 8 is line stretcher;
Fig. 4 is the MWT solar cell welding schematic diagram prepared in embodiment of the present invention 1-3;
Fig. 5 be the welding for preparing in embodiment of the present invention 1-3 at MWT rear surface of solar cell electrode welding method schematic diagram, wherein 9,10,11 be respectively scolding tin, welding and backplate (emitter or base stage) and contact;
Fig. 6 A is the MWT rear surface of solar cell electrode insulation Regional Distribution schematic diagram of preparation in the embodiment of the present invention 2, and wherein 12 is insulation films;
Fig. 6 B is the MWT rear surface of solar cell electrode insulation Regional Distribution schematic diagram of preparation in the embodiment of the present invention 3, and wherein 12 is insulation films;
Fig. 7 A is the adjacent two MWT solar cell connection diagrams that prepare in embodiment of the present invention 1-3;
Fig. 7 B is the connection diagram of the MWT solar cell series winding cell piece for preparing in embodiment of the present invention 1-3.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in this.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of the MWT solar module that the present embodiment provides contains following steps:
A, preparation back of the body contact MWT solar cell, used p-type crystalline silicon matrix, carries out the phosphorus diffusion; Penetrate film at the another side deposition passivated reflection reducing of crystalline silicon matrix and form sensitive surface; Utilize laser to make conductive through hole on the crystalline silicon matrix; Use silk screen printing that conductive silver paste is filled up to conductive through hole and form asymmetric emitter (negative pole) contact electrode as shown in Figure 3A; On burnishing surface, use the silk screen printing aluminium paste to form the base stage contact electrode; At sensitive surface printed silver contact grid line, and be connected with conductive through hole;
B, can be the circular of diameter 1-7mm or square for length of side 1mm-7mm using silk screen printing that conductive silver paste is filled up to shape that conductive through hole forms the negative pole contact electrode, in the present embodiment, be circular, negative electricity is four (4) row very, wherein be listed as and the spacing be listed as, and the distance between the edge of first row and the 4th row battery all equates.Each row negative electrode has the equal contact point of four (4) individual spacings, forms the 4x4 array.Positive electricity is three (3) row very, insert between the negative electrode array in evenly parallel, both between every row positive electrode and adjacent negative electrode apart from equating.Each row positive electrode can have the equal contact point of five (5) individual spacings, forms 5x3 array positive electrode, and being shaped as of last contact point of each negative electrode array is different from other contact point, is an extension oblique line;
Adopt and dry high temperature sintering after C, printing, sintering temperature, at 500-900 ℃, forms metal and silicon substrate ohmic contact through sintering, completes the making of MWT solar cell;
D, for guaranteeing the insulation between positive and negative electrode in the establishment of component process of MWT solar cell, the MWT battery make complete after the printing one all negative poles of layer insulating slurry clad battery peripheral region, only negative pole is exposed;
E, utilize after low temperature drying form the insulating barrier zone around battery cathode, the low temperature drying temperature is 100-300 ℃, and drying time is 0.5-5 minute;
F, on welding according to the size punching (as shown in Figure 4) of arranging of MWT solar cell positive and negative electrode contact point, porose welding and respective electrode contact alignment are positioned over to MWT solar cell back, then scolding tin are injected as shown in Figure 5 one by one to being connected of welding hole formation welding and each electrode contact point;
G, according to the method for attachment shown in Fig. 7 A, 7B, by the welding of connecting one by one of MWT solar cell;
H, according to the order of glass, EVA, series welding cell piece, EVA and back veneer material, arrange and, through lamination, solidify, being packaged into battery component.Wherein EVA is vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer, and it is to be formed by ethene and vinyl acetate copolymerization, and English name is EthyleneVinylAcetate, is called for short EVA, lower same;
In the present embodiment, welding used and welding procedure are in current volume production line and use, and scolding tin can be used manual welding while injecting, and also can use automatic welding, does not need to introduce new engine, new raw material, and all processing procedures can complete on current industrial product line.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the MWT solar module that the present embodiment provides contains following steps:
A, preparation back of the body contact MWT solar cell, used p-type crystalline silicon matrix, carries out the phosphorus diffusion; Penetrate film at the another side deposition passivated reflection reducing of crystalline silicon matrix and form sensitive surface; Utilize laser to make conductive through hole on the crystalline silicon matrix; Use silk screen printing that conductive silver paste is filled up to conductive through hole and form asymmetric emitter (negative pole) contact electrode as shown in Figure 3 B; On burnishing surface, use the silk screen printing aluminium paste to form the base stage contact electrode; At sensitive surface printed silver contact grid line, and be connected with conductive through hole;
B, can be the circular of diameter 1-7mm or square for length of side 1mm-7mm using silk screen printing that conductive silver paste is filled up to shape that conductive through hole forms the negative pole contact electrode, negative electricity is four (4) row very, wherein be listed as the spacing with row, and the distance between the edge of first row and the 4th row battery all equates, each row negative electrode has the equal contact point of four (4) individual spacings, form the 4x4 array, positive electricity is three (3) row very, in evenly parallel, insert between the negative electrode array, both between every row positive electrode and adjacent negative electrode apart from equating.Each row positive electrode can have the equal contact point of five (5) individual spacings, forms 5x3 array positive electrode.Being shaped as of last contact point of each negative electrode array is different from other contact point, is a L-type line stretcher;
C, for guaranteeing the insulation between positive and negative electrode in the establishment of component process of MWT solar cell, after the complete silk screen printing aluminium paste of MWT cell backside is dried, republish one deck all negative poles of insulating barrier slurry clad battery peripheral region as shown in Figure 6A, only negative pole is exposed;
Adopt and dry high temperature sintering after D, printing, sintering temperature, at 500-900 ℃, forms metal and silicon substrate ohmic contact through sintering, completes the making of MWT solar cell;
E, on welding according to the size punching (as shown in Figure 4) of arranging of MWT solar cell positive and negative electrode contact point, porose welding and respective electrode contact alignment are positioned over to MWT solar cell back, then scolding tin are injected as shown in Figure 5 one by one to being connected of welding hole formation welding and each electrode contact point;
F, according to the method for attachment shown in Fig. 7 A, 7B, by the welding of connecting one by one of MWT solar cell;
G, according to the order of glass, EVA, series welding cell piece, EVA and back veneer material, arrange and, through lamination, solidify, being packaged into battery component.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the MWT solar module that the present embodiment provides contains following steps:
A, preparation back of the body contact MWT solar cell, used p-type crystalline silicon matrix, carries out the phosphorus diffusion; Penetrate film at the another side deposition passivated reflection reducing of crystalline silicon matrix and form sensitive surface; Utilize laser to make conductive through hole on the crystalline silicon matrix; Use silk screen printing that conductive silver paste is filled up to conductive through hole and form asymmetric emitter (negative pole) contact electrode as shown in Figure 3 C; On burnishing surface, use the silk screen printing aluminium paste to form the base stage contact electrode; At sensitive surface printed silver contact grid line, and be connected with conductive through hole;
B, can be the circular of diameter 1-7mm or square for length of side 1mm-7mm using silk screen printing that conductive silver paste is filled up to shape that conductive through hole forms the negative pole contact electrode.Negative electricity is four (4) row very.Wherein be listed as and the spacing be listed as, and the distance between the edge of first row and the 4th row battery all equates.Each row negative electrode has the equal contact point of four (4) individual spacings, forms the 4x4 array.Positive electricity is three (3) row very, insert between the negative electrode array in evenly parallel, both between every row positive electrode and adjacent negative electrode apart from equating.Each row positive electrode can have the equal contact point of four (4) individual spacings, forms 4x3 array positive electrode.In these positive electrode arrays, the distribution negative electrode array of electrode contact point is identical.Being shaped as of last contact point of each negative electrode array is different from other contact point, is an extension straight line;
Adopt and dry high temperature sintering after C, printing, sintering temperature, at 500-900 ℃, forms metal and silicon substrate ohmic contact through sintering, completes the making of MWT solar cell;
D, for guaranteeing the insulation between positive and negative electrode in the establishment of component process of MWT solar cell, the MWT battery make complete after the printing one deck all negative poles of insulating barrier slurry clad battery peripheral region as shown in Figure 6B, only negative pole is exposed;
E, utilize after low temperature drying form the insulating barrier zone around battery cathode.The low temperature drying temperature is 100-300 ℃, and drying time is 0.5-5 minute;
F, on welding according to the size punching (as shown in Figure 4) of arranging of MWT solar cell positive and negative electrode contact point.Porose welding and respective electrode contact alignment are positioned over to MWT solar cell back, then scolding tin are injected as shown in Figure 5 one by one to being connected of welding hole formation welding and each electrode contact point;
G, according to the method for attachment shown in Fig. 7 A, 7B, by the welding of connecting one by one of MWT solar cell;
F, according to the order of glass, EVA, series welding cell piece, EVA and back veneer material, arrange and, through lamination, solidify, being packaged into battery component.
Above-described embodiment is preferably execution mode of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a MWT solar module is characterized in that containing following steps:
(1) print the both positive and negative polarity contact electrode of asymmetric distribution at the MWT back of solar cell, wherein by being, (N+1) * (N-1) or N * (N-1) the positive electrode contact point of array arrangement forms anodal contact electrode, the negative pole contact electrode is comprised of the negative electrode contact point that is N * N array arrangement, and each row positive electrode contact point and negative electrode contact point distribute alternately;
(2) last negative electrode contact point of described every row negative electrode contact point has line stretcher, and described line stretcher ends at but discontiguous position mutually concordant with last positive electrode contact point of adjacent columns;
(3) by after both positive and negative polarity contact electrode sintering, be listed as on positive and negative contact electrode welding is set respectively at each, described welding is provided with the hole corresponding with the positive and negative electrode contact point, by inject scolding tin in hole, realizes that welding is connected with each contact point of positive and negative contact electrode;
(4) adopt welding to weld the series connection that realizes adjacent MWT solar cell, form the series welding cell piece;
(5) following each assembly is arranged according to the order of glass, EVA, series welding cell piece, EVA and back veneer material and through containing lamination, solidify and packaging process is processed and formed the MWT solar module.
2. the preparation method of MWT solar module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (1), anodal contact electrode is comprised of the positive electrode contact point that is 5 * 3 or 4 * 3 array arrangements, and the negative pole contact electrode is comprised of the negative electrode contact point that is 4 * 4 array arrangements.
3. the preparation method of MWT solar module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (1), each row positive electrode contact point spacing is identical, and the spacing of each row negative electrode contact point is also identical; Spacing between each row positive electrode contact point is identical, and the spacing between each row negative electrode contact point is also identical.
4. the preparation method of MWT solar module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step (1) between first row and last row negative electrode contact point and MWT solar cell piece edge apart from also identical.
5. the preparation method of MWT solar module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: being shaped as of positive and negative electrode contact point described in step (1) is circular or square, and the diameter of described circle or square length of side size are 1mm ~ 7mm.
6. the preparation method of MWT solar module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: line stretcher described in step (2) be shaped as straight line, oblique line, L shaped line style or curve.
7. the preparation method of MWT solar module according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described line stretcher be shaped as straight line the time, the angle of described straight line and negative pole contact electrode is 90 °, described line stretcher be shaped as oblique line the time, the angle of described oblique line and negative pole contact electrode is 45 ° ~ 90 °.
8. the preparation method of MWT solar module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: by after both positive and negative polarity contact electrode sintering, on the negative pole contact electrode, print insulation paste in step (3), drying is processed and is made to insulate between positive and negative contact electrode; Perhaps, by before both positive and negative polarity contact electrode sintering, insulation paste is printed on the negative pole contact electrode, makes to insulate between positive and negative contact electrode through sintering.
9. the preparation method of MWT solar module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the minimum in hole described in step (3) is straight through being 0.05mm, maximum straight through being no more than the size of positive and negative electrode contact point.
10. the preparation method of MWT solar module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in step (3) and (4), the width of welding is 1.5 ~ 10.0 mm, and thickness is not less than 0.10 mm, and length is not more than the length of side of MWT solar cell.
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