CN102929232B - Energy consumption acquiring, monitoring, analyzing and alarming system for independent rooms in office building - Google Patents

Energy consumption acquiring, monitoring, analyzing and alarming system for independent rooms in office building Download PDF

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CN102929232B
CN102929232B CN201210406333.5A CN201210406333A CN102929232B CN 102929232 B CN102929232 B CN 102929232B CN 201210406333 A CN201210406333 A CN 201210406333A CN 102929232 B CN102929232 B CN 102929232B
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energy consumption
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energy
consumption
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CN102929232A (en
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赵靖
刘馨
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

The invention relates to an energy consumption monitoring system for a building. The system attracts the attention of people by an alarm mode, and adjustment or system upgrading is performed. Data required by field research is provided conveniently and quickly, time and labor are saved for national research, and the data authenticity and timeliness are optimized. According to the technical scheme, the energy acquiring, monitoring, analyzing and alarming system for independent rooms in an office building comprises metering devices, acquisition devices, a monitoring center and alarming devices; the metering devices are used for metering power consumption real-time data of all users; the acquisition devices are connected with the metering devices at all tail ends through a network, and transmit the obtained real-time data to the monitoring center through a wireless network; the monitoring center is used for storing and analyzing real-time data; and according to the alarm devices, three stages of alarming systems are used for alarming, a first-stage alarming system is connected with the metering devices, a second-stage alarming system is connected with the acquisition devices; and a third-stage alarming system is connected with the monitoring system. The energy acquiring, monitoring, analyzing and alarming system for the independent rooms in the office building is mainly applied to monitoring of the energy consumption of buildings.

Description

Energy consumption collection, monitoring, analysis and warning system between office building independent housing
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of building energy consumption monitoring system, particularly relate to a kind of technical method of monitoring building energy consumption overall process.Specifically, relate to energy consumption collection, monitoring, analysis and warning system between office building independent housing.
Background technology
At present, China's building energy consumption is constantly soaring, has accounted for national energy resource consumption 40% nearly, can the equal weather conditions of loss-rate under developed country to exceed 2-3 doubly.Take national space and geographical as visual angle, by investigation and analysis, explored China 31Ge provinces and cities (not containing Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) energy-consuming level, and set up nationwide energy resource consumption and control model, exist sizable difficulty.All kinds of different building energy consumption levels in the whole nation exist obvious regional disparity, and investigation on the spot need to spend most manpower and materials, time that need to be longer for the directiveness power consumption mode that forms building.At present, system for building energy consumption monitoring has: the electrical equipment energy-consumption monitoring power lead of integrated wireless network communication function, in the situation that not changing electric equipment main body hardware, by integrating metrology transport module on power lead, realize the energy consumption monitoring of single consumer; For the data acquisition unit of large-scale Gongjian's energy-consumption monitoring system, comprise RS485 bus, M-Bus bus, ZigBee wireless network connection data collector and teletransmission metering base table, realize wirelessly transmitting data; Large-scale Gongjian's energy consumption monitoring platform based on Flex technology, realizes the Map Services function of lightweight, develops a plurality of energy consumption data pages, realizes the business such as consumption information statistics, communicates by letter with the Flex page, forms spatial database etc.; Energy-consumption monitoring system based on OPC communication, smart metering device is by RS485 bus and communication equipment communication, with the communication modes of OPC by data retransmission to monitor server.Solve the compatibling problem that each equipment exists; Intelligent building energy consumption monitoring analytic system based on wireless sensor technology, comprises network node, server, sensor, the transmitting-receiving electricity mule of building interior Information Monitoring etc., and network node carries out MANET to realize communication by protocol stack.Or collector is connected in Zigbee wireless topology structure, realizes the wireless transmission of data-signal; Energy-consumption monitoring system based on wireless sensor network, mainly solving existing power meter does not have communication interface flexibly, realizes data recording and external relation; A kind of building energy consumption monitoring system that can the energy input data unification of government offices' office building and large public building be stored, analyzes, be shown.Or some data are carried out to the energy input that computing draws datumization by effective formula, by different Data Representations, draw effective power consumption values; Etc..In recent years, China researcher has carried out detailed using to multiple public buildings such as the hotel of nationwide, school, hospital, office buildings and can investigate, more basic research data have been obtained, for the expansion of Building Energy-saving Work, lay a good foundation, the Energy intensity and the terminal energy sources that obtain the national five all kinds of buildings in macroclimate district consume structure etc.The contrast of using the otherness simulation energy consumption of these basic data and every building of selection monitoring, obtains its energy consumption intensity average level and ultimate value.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, comes into the picture, and adjust or system upgrade by the mode of reporting to the police.Conveniently provide and investigate required data on the spot, for national investigation, saved time and efforts, the authenticity of data and promptness are also accomplished the best.For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is that energy consumption collection, monitoring, analysis and warning system between office building independent housing, comprising:
Measuring instrument: for measuring each user's consumption of electric energy real time data;
Harvester: be connected by network with the measuring instrument of all ends, by the real time data obtaining by wireless network transmissions to Surveillance center;
Surveillance center: in order to complete storage and the analysis of real time data;
Warning device, adopt three grades of warning systems, one-level warning system user side is sent alerting signal in time when various energy consumption Stored Values are not enough or while frequently occurring departing from average energy consumption value range, for user self, check oneself by energy problem, secondary warning system, Surveillance center sends alerting signal between the independent housing of section energy consumption rank front three sometime to same building, supervisory user checks, three grades of warning systems, monitoring side certain office room or certain office building in Monitoring Data send alerting signal while frequently there is departing from average energy consumption strength range value, in time send technician to investigate problem.
The transmission of harvester real time data can be divided into wired and wireless two kinds of forms, and cable data transmission is undertaken by RS485 bus, and acquisition module is connected in RS485 bus by RS485 interface nearby, is transferred to Surveillance center; Wireless Data Transmission transmits by BLUETOOTH, GPRS, WLAN or LAN communication network.
Measuring instrument comprises warning system, concrete structure is: electric energy measurement instrument is connected between phase line and center line, through the current signal of current sampling circuit collection and the voltage signal of voltage sampling circuit collection, deliver in electric energy special IC, in special IC, current signal and voltage signal offer multiplier circuit through analog to digital conversion, a signal that is proportional to electric current and voltage product of multiplier circuit output, this signal is producing through voltage/frequency transducer and the actual proportional electrical energy pulse of electric energy that uses, and afterpulse is delivered to CPU processing, thereby realizing data shows, infrared communication, data storage function, and by electric energy be preset in the threshold value S1 in program, S2, S3 makes comparisons, send corresponding steering order.
One-level energy consumption warning device is comprised of energy consumption calculation circuit, energy consumption setting and threshold value display circuit and sound light alarming circuit three parts, energy consumption calculation circuit is comprised of integration module, and this integration module can calculate user's side voltage and current of Real-time Collection the cumulative energy consumption of user's side within a period of time that obtain in time; Energy consumption is set and display circuit is comprised of potentiometer RP1, RP2, RP3 and equivalent energy consumption table W1, W2, W3, and the energy consumption of corresponding illumination, air-conditioning and three electricity consumption projects of office equipment is set and setting threshold demonstration respectively; By regulator potentiometer RP1, RP2, RP3, can set respectively the energy consumption threshold value of different electricity consumption projects, W1, W2, W3 are actually electric current and show by be combined reflection energy consumption with integration module PW1, be equivalent to energy consumption table, show the energy consumption threshold value of setting in a period of time.
Technical characterstic of the present invention and effect:
Monitoring Data is the subitem Electro-metering instrument deriving from buildings, through wired or wireless system, transmit data to harvester, through GPRS communication network, upload the data to Surveillance center again, real time data is unified to process, storage, analysis and comparison data, the source of find problem data, propose to report to the police, process in time energy consumption problem, finally by internet, be uploaded to city, province, national data center, to data store, analysis, publicity, form intactly nationwide energy consumption monitoring standard.The energy consumption that native system can be long-range, monitor office building in real time, safely and effectively, be not subject to the restriction of time region, simple to operation, when occurring that the actual consumption amount of certain office room or certain office building exceeds standard, and alarm processing problem, significant to realizing building energy conservation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that system of the present invention forms structural drawing;
Fig. 2 is the present invention's on-the-spot structural drawing in actual applications;
Fig. 3 is that BLUETOOTH network of the present invention is opened up complement;
Fig. 4 is the software module structure schematic diagram of harvester of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the software configuration schematic diagram of control center of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the software configuration schematic diagram of warning device of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is electricity consumption of the present invention and monitoring process flow diagram.
Fig. 8 energy consumption measure instrument and warning system control principle drawing.
The schematic diagram of Fig. 9 one-level energy consumption warning device.
The schematic diagram of bis-or three grades of energy consumption warning devices of Figure 10.
Embodiment
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to improve the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of building energy consumption monitoring system that can the energy consumption data of each office room of office building be gathered respectively, stores, analyzes, be reported to the police is provided.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: building energy consumption monitoring system involved in the present invention, comprise: measuring instrument, (electric energy arranges integrated electric energy metering module and wireless network communication module at the ammeter box place of independent office room according to illumination, office equipment, air-conditioning, special area electricity consumption subitem to be used for measuring each user's consumption of electric energy real time data, voltage constant is constant, the fluctuation of monitoring current, calculate the power of single subitem between independent housing, be multiplied by the time interval, obtain Real-Time Monitoring power consumption values), harvester, is connected with the measuring instrument network of all ends, by the real time data obtaining by wireless network transmissions to Surveillance center, Surveillance center, in order to complete storage and the analysis of real time data, warning device, adopt three grades of warning systems, one-level warning system user side is sent alerting signal in time when various energy consumption Stored Values are not enough or while frequently occurring departing from average energy consumption value range, for user self, check oneself by energy problem, secondary warning system, Surveillance center sends alerting signal between the independent housing of section energy consumption rank front three sometime to same building, supervisory user checks, three grades of warning systems, monitoring side certain office room or certain office building in Monitoring Data send alerting signal while frequently there is departing from average energy consumption strength range value, in time send technician to investigate problem.
In actual applications, in described building energy consumption monitoring system, also comprise the fine setting of the average energy consumption intensity of data center, this is that otherness due to energy consumption intensity between different office buildings can not obtain completely from investigate on the spot and simulate, to in building actual motion, constantly adjust, progressively form a regional energy consumption intensity index, classification is reported to city, province, country etc. again, the final standard that instructs national energy consumption intensity that forms.
The ingredient of further division energy-consumption monitoring system, measuring instrument is electric signal measuring instrument, user power utilization amount is to convert the electrical signal to electric energy metrical unit, when electric current flows through measuring instrument, electric signal converts suitable electric energy metrical unit to and gathers, and by the electric current and the voltage signal that obtain, according to setting the metering time interval, computing obtains power, the subitem such as energy consumption energy information.The transmission of data can be divided into wired and wireless two kinds of forms, and this actual needs according to monitoring building is selected.Cable data transmission can be undertaken by RS485 bus and communication equipment, and this data transmittal and routing form can be realized under various conditions long period and move continuously, and large gauge point has the advantages such as precision is high, reliability is strong.The acquisition module distributing is connected in RS485 bus by RS485 interface nearby, is transferred to Surveillance center.Wireless Data Transmission can transmit by multiple communication networks such as BLUETOOTH or GPRS, WLAN, LAN, and this data transmittal and routing form can be installed in any time of building cycle, and system is simple, easy to operate.When wireless network communication function on, above-mentioned information will be sent to wireless network by radio communication unit, be transferred to the receiving device on network.Harvester, be connected with the measuring instrument network of all ends, by the real time data obtaining by wireless network transmissions to Surveillance center, for guaranteeing image data, when transmitting, do not lose, in acquisition module, add data storage function, also be convenient to user itself and understand by energy situation, between harvester and measuring instrument or Surveillance center, be respectively equipped with coded communication module, for identity verification and data communication are maintained secrecy mutually.Surveillance center, accepts the energy consumption data that harvester sends, in order to complete storage and the analysis of real time data, in time with investigation value on the spot and the comparison of simulation power consumption values.Warning device, adopt three grades of warning systems, one-level warning system user side is sent alerting signal in time when various energy consumption Stored Values are not enough or while frequently occurring departing from average energy consumption value range, for user self, check oneself by energy problem, secondary warning system, Surveillance center sends alerting signal between the independent housing of section energy consumption rank front three sometime to same building, supervisory user checks, three grades of warning systems, monitoring side certain office room or certain office building in Monitoring Data send alerting signal while frequently there is departing from average energy consumption strength range value, in time send technician to investigate problem.
The measuring instrument of mentioning in said system scheme mainly comprises the subitem ammeter of each independent office room in office building.
Between measuring instrument, harvester and Surveillance center, set up wireless communication channel and be BLUETOOTH or GPRS, WLAN, lan network.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the present invention.
The block diagram of system of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, comprise measuring instrument, for measuring the real-time consumption data of the electric energy of respectively itemizing between each independent housing in buildings, (voltage constant is constant, the fluctuation of monitoring current, calculate the power of single subitem between independent housing, be multiplied by the time interval, obtain Real-Time Monitoring power consumption values); Harvester, is connected with described measuring instrument wireless network, gathers from the energy consumption real time data of each instrument and is passed to Surveillance center; Surveillance center, accepts the real time data unification of harvester transmission and analyzes, stores and report to the police; Warning device, timely alerting signal is sent in the position going wrong in every one-level; Data center, in order to complete Real-time Collection, monitoring, analysis and the warning system of all buildings in monitoring range, supplements the energy consumption data of national office building.
On-the-spot structural drawing as shown in Figure 2, native system comprises a large amount of users, instrument and harvester, in being arranged between each independent housing of office building in national Different climate district, the energy consumption data being used between each independent housing of Real-Time Monitoring, measuring instrument mainly designs the ammeter box place in room.Described harvester is by measuring instrument wireless or wired connection user, when using wireless network (bluetooth), the two opens bluetooth simultaneously, by encryption, connection is set, carry out real-time data transmission, the wireless connections of other modes are also needed encrypt to arrange, also need to preset the correlation parameter of measuring instrument etc.; And wired connection is directly connected to RS485 bus from interface.The data that gather are transferring data to Surveillance center through GPRS wireless network, real time data is unified to arrange, analyzes contrast, reported to the police, finally by internet, send data to the data center of city, province, national level, to data analysis, storage, customize standard.
BLUETOOTH network is as shown in Figure 3 opened up complement; wireless network connects measuring instrument and harvester; real time energy consumption Monitoring Data is passed in harvester by measuring instrument; if there is information terminal phenomenon in centre; data, by being protected in the internal memory of measuring instrument, can not lost, after wireless network reconnects; the transmission data that continue, guarantee integrality and the actual effect of data.
This harvester software as shown in Figure 4 comprises: bluetooth receiver module 1, accept the transmission data of customer meter, for gathering real time energy consumption data; Network access module 2, the server for harvester by GPRS and Surveillance center is connected; Encrypting module 3, for providing respectively the encryption with the both-way communication data of measuring instrument and Surveillance center both sides; Alarm module 4, for building the warning between a certain period energy consumption intensity rank front three independent housing in certain area; Network Serial Port modular converter 5, peels off application area data for the data transmission of Yu Surveillance center, with serial mode, connects Surveillance center, with outer net isolation, guarantees the safety of data; Serial ports collection communication module 6, processes the data of importing respectively according to subitem electric weight, sets up the independent memory space of data, is convenient to metering separate energy input; Network transmission module 7, transmits data for harvester to Surveillance center.For guaranteeing the data during communicating interrupt, harvester is built-in with the storer that capacity is very large, realizes the protection to image data.
As shown in Figure 5, in the software architecture diagram of Surveillance center, mainly comprise San great Qu: operational zone, application area and data field.Application area comprises following five parts:
Data information management, gathers, processes, sends, receives and manage uploading data.
Analyze and show alarm, the subitem energy consumption after data processing is analyzed to contrast, the building that finds energy consumption to exceed standard, analysis solution, proposes to report to the police in time.
Information service is shared, and the relevant information of this building is provided for participating in the user of energy consumption monitoring, for the good building of energy-saving effect, implements to encourage policy of rewards.
Running background is safeguarded, information diversification and diversified integration processing, and the problem existing in monitoring system is safeguarded.
Optimal design, enriches energy consumption data index, instructs the widespread use of energy-saving building technology.
The structural representation of warning device as shown in Figure 6, warning device, adopt three grades of warning systems, one-level warning system user side is sent alerting signal in time when various energy consumption Stored Values are not enough or while frequently occurring departing from average energy consumption value range, for user self, check oneself by energy problem, secondary warning system, Surveillance center sends alerting signal between the independent housing of section energy consumption rank front three sometime to same building, supervisory user checks, three grades of warning systems, monitoring side certain office room or certain office building in Monitoring Data send alerting signal while frequently there is departing from average energy consumption strength range value, in time send technician to investigate problem.
Electricity consumption as shown in Figure 7 and monitoring process flow diagram, from high voltage direct current is introduced building, form subitem Electro-metering system, from the power distribution cabinet of the total metering of inlet wire, start illumination, air-conditioning, heating, office equipment, fire-fighting, elevator, water pump fan, monitoring element philosophy that ammeter box and power distribution cabinet are set, later every first-level distribution box is all itemized data collector is set, and the Distribution Principles of harvester is according to minute floor, region and a room setting.Form the distribution of net of electricity consumption and monitoring, be conducive to the electricity consumption situation in each room in overall understanding building.
Be illustrated in figure 8 energy consumption measure instrument and warning system control principle drawing, electric energy measurement instrument is connected between phase line and center line, through the current signal of current sampling circuit collection and the voltage signal of voltage sampling circuit collection, delivers in electric energy special IC.In special IC, current signal and voltage signal offer multiplier circuit through analog to digital conversion, a signal that is proportional to electric current and voltage product of multiplier circuit output, this signal is producing through voltage/frequency transducer and the actual proportional electrical energy pulse of electric energy that uses, and afterpulse is delivered to CPU processing, thereby realize the functions such as data demonstration, infrared communication, data storage, and electric energy is made comparisons with threshold value S1, the S2, the S3 that are preset in program, send corresponding steering order.
Be illustrated in figure 9 the schematic diagram of one-level energy consumption warning device.When one-level energy consumption is reported to the police and mainly to be realized energy consumption and transfinite, user's side and alarm, check oneself for user.This circuit is comprised of energy consumption calculation circuit, energy consumption setting and threshold value display circuit and sound light alarming circuit three parts.In circuit, energy consumption calculation circuit is comprised of integration module PW1, and this integration module can calculate user's side voltage and current of Real-time Collection the cumulative energy consumption of user's side within a period of time that obtain in time.Energy consumption is set and display circuit is comprised of potentiometer RP1, RP2, RP3 and equivalent energy consumption table W1, W2, W3, and the energy consumption of corresponding illumination, air-conditioning and three electricity consumption projects of office equipment is set and setting threshold demonstration respectively.By regulator potentiometer RP1, RP2, RP3, can set respectively the energy consumption threshold value of different electricity consumption projects, W1, W2, W3 are actually electric current and show by being combined and can reflecting energy consumption with integration module PW1, therefore can be equivalent to energy consumption table, show the energy consumption threshold value of setting in a period of time.Sound light alarming circuit is comprised of resistance R 1R7, capacitor C 1-C3, light emitting diode VL1-VL3, transistor V1-V4, sound effect integrated circuit IC3, and the energy consumption of the different electricity consumption projects of color differentiating by light emitting diode is reported to the police, simultaneously in conjunction with audible alarm.In real work, when the actual consumption of a certain electricity consumption project can be consuming time higher than setting, the corresponding port output of PW1 high level, corresponding transistor triggering and conducting is lighted the diode of respective color, sound effect integrated circuit IC3 work, transistor V4 conducting, hummer BL sends chimes of doom.Otherwise, if the actual consumption of a certain electricity consumption project within setting range, corresponding port output low level, transistor is in off state, diode is not lighted, sound effect integrated circuit IC3 does not work, not conducting of transistor V4, hummer BL is sounding not also.(R1R7 selects metal film resistor; Rp1-Rp7 selects organic solid potentiometer; It is the alminium electrolytic condenser of 10V that C1-C3 selects withstand voltage; VL1-VL3 selects the high brightness LED of Φ 3mm, and VL1 is red, and VL2 is green, and VL3 is yellow; V1-V4 selects C8050 type NPN transistor; PW1 is that energy consumption calculation is processed integration module; BL selects 0.25W, 8f miniature electric loudspeaker; S selects small-sized one pole tumbler switch; GB selects 6V laminated cell.)
Be the schematic diagram of two or three grades of energy consumption warning devices as shown in figure 10.Two or three grades of energy consumption warnings mainly realize the overload alarm of the whole consumption information of monitored building, for monitoring the energy consumption overrun condition of whole building and monitoring platform.Secondary warning system adopts embedded system, to the information receiving is unified in system CPU, analyzes sequence, is reported to the police in first three room of energy consumption rank in this time period, and corresponding room number is shown in liquid crystal display.Three grades of warning systems also adopt embedded system, whole consumption information of display monitoring building in liquid crystal display.Two or three grades of warning remaining circuit forms are consistent with one-level energy consumption alarm principle.

Claims (3)

1. energy consumption collection, monitoring, analysis and a warning system between office building independent housing, is characterized in that, comprising:
Measuring instrument: for measuring each user's consumption of electric energy real time data;
Harvester: be connected by network with the measuring instrument of all ends, by the real time data obtaining by wireless network transmissions to Surveillance center;
Surveillance center: in order to complete storage and the analysis of real time data;
Warning device, adopt three grades of warning systems, one-level warning system user side is sent alerting signal in time when various energy consumption Stored Values are not enough or while frequently occurring departing from average energy consumption value range, for user self, check oneself by energy problem, secondary warning system, Surveillance center sends alerting signal between the independent housing of section energy consumption rank front three sometime to same building, supervisory user checks, three grades of warning systems, monitoring side certain office room or certain office building in Monitoring Data send alerting signal while frequently there is departing from average energy consumption strength range value, in time send technician to investigate problem,
Measuring instrument comprises warning system, concrete structure is: electric energy measurement instrument is connected between phase line and center line, through the current signal of current sampling circuit collection and the voltage signal of voltage sampling circuit collection, deliver in electric energy special IC, in special IC, current signal and voltage signal offer multiplier circuit through analog to digital conversion, a signal that is proportional to electric current and voltage product of multiplier circuit output, this signal is producing through voltage/frequency transducer and the actual proportional electrical energy pulse of electric energy that uses, and afterpulse is delivered to CPU processing, thereby realizing data shows, infrared communication, data storage function, and by electric energy be preset in the threshold value S1 in program, S2, S3 makes comparisons, send corresponding steering order.
2. energy consumption collection between office building independent housing as claimed in claim 1, monitoring, analysis and warning system, it is characterized in that, the transmission of harvester real time data can be divided into wired and wireless two kinds of forms, cable data transmission is undertaken by RS485 bus, acquisition module is connected in RS485 bus by RS485 interface nearby, is transferred to Surveillance center; Wireless Data Transmission transmits by BLUETOOTH, GPRS, WLAN or LAN communication network.
3. energy consumption collection between office building independent housing as claimed in claim 1, monitoring, analysis and warning system, it is characterized in that, one-level energy consumption warning device is comprised of energy consumption calculation circuit, energy consumption setting and threshold value display circuit and sound light alarming circuit three parts, energy consumption calculation circuit is comprised of integration module, and this integration module can calculate user's side voltage and current of Real-time Collection the cumulative energy consumption of user's side within a period of time that obtain in time; Energy consumption is set and display circuit is comprised of potentiometer RP1, RP2, RP3 and equivalent energy consumption table W1, W2, W3, and actual current is set and set to the energy consumption of corresponding illumination, air-conditioning and three electricity consumption projects of office equipment respectively; By regulator potentiometer RP1, RP2, RP3, can set respectively the energy consumption threshold value of different electricity consumption projects, W1, W2, W3 are actually electric current and show by be combined reflection energy consumption with integration module PW1, be equivalent to energy consumption table, show the energy consumption threshold value of setting in a period of time.
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