CN102928040A - Ship-lock multi-channel water level measuring system and filter method thereof - Google Patents
Ship-lock multi-channel water level measuring system and filter method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ship-lock multi-channel water level measuring system and a filter method thereof. The ship-lock multi-channel water level measuring system comprises a multi-water level sensor, a data acquisition module, a remote motoring PC (Personal Computer) machine, a GSM (Global System of Mobile communication) module, a communication network, and the like. The ship-lock multi-channel water level measuring system is characterized by monitoring the water levels of multiple measurement points, namely ship-lock upstream and downstream, a lock chamber, and the like, in real time by taking a singlechip as a lower microcontroller and using a high-accuracy A/D (Analog to Digital) convertor, packing and reforming multipath data and then remotely transmitting to an upper monitoring PC machine by utilizing a 485 bus to display the water level values of the measurement points in real time, transmitting water level information to a certain mobile phone subscriber through a GSM short message module and a wireless network thereof and supporting the mobile phone subscriber to actively take the water level values of the measurement points at any time by utilizing the GSM network. The ship-lock multi-channel water level measuring system disclosed by the invention is easy to realize the advantage of absolute stability by adopting an FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter based on the median filter of the singlechip and has the advantages of low cost, high accuracy and anti-interference capacity and friendly human-computer interaction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring system, relate in particular to a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system and filtering method.
Background technology
Ship lock station water level real-time monitoring is the inevitable requirement that ship lock operational management and safety of ship navigation propose.The ship lock dispatcher must pay close attention to the variation of water level in ship lock upstream and downstream and the lock chamber constantly, and waterlevel data is so that boats and ships lockage process automation becomes possibility accurately and reliably, thereby greatly alleviates the difficulty of boats and ships lockage and ship lock dispatcher's working strength; Simultaneously, the ship lock station also extremely is necessary to allow friend boat people in time grasp the upstream and downstream water level information that changes at any time, so that they initiatively make and leave the selection of sailing or suspending and pulling in to shore.Yet the level measuring facility at present many ship lock station is outmoded, and technology is comparatively backward, automaticity is inadequate, the water level information accuracy is not high, and some even dependence staff observe the river gage scale, have greatly affected security, economy and the high efficiency of ship lock traffic control.In addition, the ship lock station relies on mostly manually carries out the water level data publish by broadcast system even blackboard newspaper, form is comparatively single, the hommization degree is not high, audient's face is limited, therefore numerous boat people want to understand comparatively difficulty of ship lock real time water level information, often miss best lockage opportunity, cause inconvenience also for the ship lock traffic control.So design a kind of hyperchannel water level Real-Time Monitoring, teletransmission and short message interactive system of using towards ship lock, to improving the water level automatic monitoring level of ship lock, realize that the safe operation of ship lock station scheduling and the human nature service quality of raising shippping traffic have important realistic meaning.
Chinese patent instructions 200710068013.2 discloses a kind of radio water level monitoring system, and solving in the existing water level monitoring system, the data of monitoring can't real-time Transmission, and the problem that can only obtain on the spot.But its weak point is: 1) at the electromagnetic wave of spatial, except useful signal, also have a large amount of interference, as from the intermodulation of other communication system, adjacent frequently, with interference such as frequencies, also have the electromagnetic interference (EMI) from the scene, and the spontaneous phenomenon such as atmospheric electricity is disturbed.And these interference tend to cause the monitoring system can't proper communication; 2) this monitoring system hardware cost is high, and the collection of each measurement point waterlevel data can't fully guarantee real-time; 3) organic integration is not carried out in the issue of water level monitoring and information, the each point water level information in time can't be informed the user, has limited the range of application of system.
Chen Yong has just waited the people in paper " principle of ship lock water level and water level difference laser monitoring system with put into practice " [Shandong transport science and techonologies, 2010(1)] introduced a kind of Modern Laser ranging technology carries out upgrading to the water level measurement system of original ship lock method of using, but there is following problem in the method: 1) laser range sensor is expensive, service condition is comparatively harsh, and the reflection kickboard is installed difficulty; 2) foreign material such as long-term parasitic insect, cobweb can stop laser beam in the variation of environment temperature, the well logging, must regularly eliminate; 3) extendability of system is relatively poor, is unfavorable for the real-time tour inspection of hyperchannel water level.
The level pressure sensor of prior art is exported no periodic continually varying current signal in real time.When reality is used in the water environment of complexity, there are various forms of interference sources, the current signal decay that the heavy current impact that produces during such as the start-up and operation of various power-equipments in the headstock gear of ship lock station, the fluctuation of 220V line voltage and wave form distortion interference, electromagnetic radiation, long Distance Transmission cause, the superpotential that thunder and lightning produces etc.More than disturb in case invade the measuring system input channel, can cause undoubtedly the data acquisition error to strengthen or flood sensor useful signal composition, when serious even can destroy the operation of whole measuring system.
For the water level automatic monitoring level of improving ship lock, realize the scheduling of ship lock station safe operation, improve the lockage efficient of shippping traffic and human nature service be provided, design a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, easily be disturbed to solve the data acquisition of prior art level sensor, gather the problems such as automaticity is not high, form of information issue is single, man-machine interaction is not strong and have important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system and filtering method, solve the prior art data acquisition and easily be disturbed, gather the technical matterss such as automaticity is not high, form of information issue is single, man-machine interaction is not strong.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, comprise the upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, the lock chamber level sensor, data acquisition module, the RS485 network, 485/232 converter, the remote monitoring PC, gsm module, the cellphone subscriber, described data acquisition module comprises signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C, multi-way switch, the A/D change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer, power management module, button, charactron, the TTL/485 change-over circuit, described upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, the lock chamber level sensor respectively with signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C links to each other, described signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C links to each other with the multi-way switch input end, the multi-way switch output terminal links to each other with the A/D change-over circuit, described A/D change-over circuit, power management module, button, charactron links to each other with single-chip microcomputer respectively, described TTL/485 change-over circuit one end links to each other with single-chip microcomputer, other end access RS485 network, described 485/232 converter, one termination enters the RS485 network, another termination remote monitoring PC, described gsm module links to each other with the remote monitoring PC and communicates by letter with the cellphone subscriber by cordless communication network.
A kind of filtering method of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, the method may further comprise the steps:
1) measured parameter is carried out medium filtering, namely to measured parameter continuous sampling repeatedly, sampled value is sorted, choosing intermediate value is this efficiently sampling value;
2) measured parameter is carried out finite impulse response filter, first the frequency characteristic Hd (e of given ideal filter
Jw);
3) unit sample respo of calculating ideal filter,
4) filter form, window function type, length of window N are set;
5) Calling MATLAB function calculation coefficients w (n);
6) the unit sample respo h (n) of calculating filter=h
d(n) w (n);
7) deposit N h (n) sequence that designs in the corresponding stored district;
8) deposit median-filtered result x1 in the corresponding stored district as x (n);
9) h (n) is read in circulation, x (n) value is carried out convolution algorithm, tries to achieve online filtering result
Purpose of the present invention can also further realize by following technical measures:
Aforementioned a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, wherein signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C comprise respectively I/V change-over circuit, follower, low-pass filter, described low-pass filter is Butterworth second order form, described I/V change-over circuit input end is connected with level sensor, described I/V change-over circuit output terminal links to each other with the follower input end, and the follower output terminal links to each other with low-pass filter.
Aforementioned a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, wherein the A/D change-over circuit comprises A/D converter 101, complex programmable logic device (CPLD) 102, reference voltage chip 103, described A/D converter 101 models are MAX195, described CPLD 102 models are EPM7128S, described reference voltage chip 103 models are MAX6250, the AIN end of described A/D converter 101 is the input channel of simulating signal to be converted, the CLK end of described A/D converter 101 links to each other with the 4FPCLK end of CPLD 102, the EOC end of described A/D converter 101 links to each other with the EOC end of CPLD 102, the CONV end of described A/D converter 101 links to each other with the CONV end of CPLD 102, the DOUT end of described A/D converter 101 links to each other with the SDIN end of CPLD 102, the RESET termination of described A/D converter 101 is received the self calibration signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the REF end of described A/D converter 101 links to each other with the OUT end of reference voltage chip 103, the START termination of described CPLD 102 is received the A/D conversion starting signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the AD of described CPLD 102
0～7Link to each other with the parallel port of single-chip microcomputer.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by GSM short message module and wireless network thereof water level information is sent to the designated mobile phone user, simultaneously also support the cellphone subscriber to utilize at any time the GSM network initiatively to ask for the each point water level value, the information issue is real-time, quick, man-machine interaction is strong; Data acquisition module has adopted the framework of " single-chip microcomputer+CPLD ", so that when improving acquisition speed, effectively reduces the complexity of peripheral digital circuit, improves the reliability of hardware circuit; System adopts based on the FIR filtering on the single-chip microcomputer medium filtering basis, to suppress to a greater degree " burr " phenomenon, improves signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), makes signal waveform more level and smooth, is easy to realize and the absolute stable advantage of system.Cost of the present invention is low, precision is high, antijamming capability is strong, man-machine interaction is friendly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system structural drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is throw-in type level sensor structural drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the signal conditioning circuit structural drawing of data acquisition module of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is A/D conversion interface circuit figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is CPLD schematic diagram of the function of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is single-chip microcomputer main program flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is single-chip microcomputer medium filtering process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is PC FIR filtering process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, comprise the upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, the lock chamber level sensor, data acquisition module, the RS485 network, 485/232 converter, the remote monitoring PC, gsm module, the cellphone subscriber, described data acquisition module comprises signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C, multi-way switch, the A/D change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer, power management module, button, charactron, the TTL/485 change-over circuit, described upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, the lock chamber level sensor respectively with signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C links to each other, described signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C links to each other with the multi-way switch input end, the multi-way switch output terminal links to each other with the A/D change-over circuit, described A/D change-over circuit, power management module, button, charactron links to each other with single-chip microcomputer respectively, described TTL/485 change-over circuit one end links to each other with single-chip microcomputer, other end access RS485 network, described 485/232 converter, one termination enters the RS485 network, another termination remote monitoring PC, described gsm module links to each other with the remote monitoring PC and communicates by letter with the cellphone subscriber by cordless communication network.
As shown in Figure 3, the signal conditioning circuit A of native system, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C comprise respectively I/V change-over circuit, follower, low-pass filter, described low-pass filter is Butterworth second order form, described I/V change-over circuit input end is connected with level sensor, described I/V change-over circuit output terminal links to each other with the follower input end, and the follower output terminal links to each other with low-pass filter.
As shown in Figure 4, wherein the A/D change-over circuit comprises A/D converter 101, CPLD 102, reference voltage chip 103, described A/D converter 101 models are MAX195, described CPLD 102 models are EPM7128S, described reference voltage chip 103 models are MAX6250, the AIN end of described A/D converter 101 is the input channel of simulating signal to be converted, the CLK end of described A/D converter 101 links to each other with the 4FPCLK end of CPLD 102, the EOC end of described A/D converter 101 links to each other with the EOC end of CPLD 102, the CONV end of described A/D converter 101 links to each other with the CONV end of CPLD 102, the DOUT end of described A/D converter 101 links to each other with the SDIN end of CPLD 102, the RESET termination of described A/D converter 101 is received the self calibration signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the REF end of described A/D converter 101 links to each other with the OUT end of reference voltage chip 103, the START termination of described CPLD102 is received the A/D conversion starting signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the AD of described CPLD 102
0～7Link to each other with the parallel port of single-chip microcomputer.
The level pressure sensor that the present invention adopts is exported no periodic continually varying current signal in real time.In actual the use, general water-level fluctuation frequency is 3～4Hz, fluctuation range is no more than 10cm, and sensor output signal often is rendered as one and changes slowly standard current signal, several hertz low-frequency ac signal and the stack of some small magnitude high frequency noise compositions.Simultaneously, system for field operating condition environment more complicated, there are various forms of interference sources, the current signal decay that the heavy current impact that produces during such as the start-up and operation of various power-equipments in the headstock gear of ship lock station, the fluctuation of 220V line voltage and wave form distortion interference, electromagnetic radiation, long Distance Transmission cause, the superpotential that thunder and lightning produces etc.In case more than disturb the invasive system input channel, can cause undoubtedly the data acquisition error to strengthen or flood sensor useful signal composition, when serious even can destroy the operation of whole measuring system.Therefore, when implementation is of the present invention, taking further technical measures aspect measuring accuracy, antijamming capability and the job stability of system.
The present invention has adopted high precision throw-in type level sensor, and its inner structure as shown in Figure 2.Wherein, resistance bridge is comprised of the diffusion resistance that 4 resistances that form with Implantation and laser modification method at the silicon elastic film sheet equate, in the situation that reference voltage source remains unchanged, if any pressure-acting on resistance bridge, electric bridge then can out of trim, its output voltage is directly proportional with pressure, thereby pressure signal is converted to electric signal.Constant current source is the required constant current drive of Sensor Temperature Compensation, is used for transducer zeroing temperature drift compensation and compensation of α TCS.Because zero point and the full scale temperature compensation of sensor are to calculate in the situation of no-output load, bridge resistor changes along with temperature again, therefore bridge voltage also will be along with temperature variation under the constant current source incentive mode, so select the difference kiichi amplifier to improve input impedance height and common-mode rejection ratio, its output signal is amplified to weak voltage signals the scope of being convenient to measure through amplifier again, and further be converted to again the 4-20mA normalized current by V/I conversion, so that long-distance transmissions.Gamma correction is by resistance output voltage to be fed back, so that the control bridge voltage, for the pressure nonlinear characteristic of compensation sensor.Reversed polarity protection plays a protective role, and prevents from that electric power polarity from connecing inverse time system to be damaged.This level sensor is two-wire system output, and single line is the input of 24V DC positive source terminal, and another root is the output of 4-20mA standard current signal terminal.0～10 meter of this level sensor range, working temperature-20～80 ℃, accuracy class 0.2%FS, nonlinearity 0.06%.
The RS-485 network that the present invention adopts has the advantages such as simple in structure, that extendability is strong.But because the engineering-environment more complicated, often there are various forms of interference sources in the scene, considers the reliability that the stability of system works is communicated by letter with 485, and the present invention has adopted photoelectrical coupler that 485 networks and data acquisition module are carried out electrical isolation.For protecting 485 transceivers not breakdown, at the transmission ends employing stabilivolt composition absorption circuit of 485 buses.Simultaneously, the breakdown extreme case of 485 transceivers of certain node might appear in the circuit, owing to be in series with two resistance at 485 signal output parts, and can be so that the hardware fault of this node can not affect the communication of whole 485 networks yet.The top of 485 buses and end respectively access 1 120 Ω build-out resistor, can reduce the reflection of signal transmission on the circuit.The system of considering may be in the situation that the transmission state takies bus all the time because 485 chips appear in deadlock, with the transmission Enable Pin ground connection of 485 transceivers, can guarantee the reliability of 485 communications.
The present invention is also adopting corresponding measure aspect the A/D converter of data acquisition module and multi-way switch type selecting and the interface circuit design thereof: the multi-way switch chip MAX4598 of employing has lower conducting resistance, compatible TTL logic input, Leakage Current only is 0.1nA; The A/D conversion chip MAX195 that adopts belongs to 16 A/D converters of successive approximation, and it has, and precision height, speed are fast, low in energy consumption, the characteristics of self calibration, the output of ternary serial data.During work, this chip adopts synchronously conversion transmission mode, namely carries out will changing in the process a good upper data bits line output (high-order front) in the A/D conversion.Its conversion reference voltage is provided by low noise, accurate reference power supply chip MAX6250; A/D change-over circuit outside is added with the metallic shield of customization, is welded on the printed circuit board (PCB), and maskable is on-the-spot to be disturbed.System has also adopted power monitoring chip MAX706, in the situation about power at data acquisition module, power down, hand-reset and supply voltage reducing, its internal reset comparer can be exported reliable reset signal, simultaneously, its inner watchdog circuit also can monitor the operation of single-chip microcomputer, such as the undesired program fleet that causes of single-chip microcomputer work, this house dog will make single-chip microcomputer automatically reset, thereby data acquisition is restarted.Simultaneously, data acquisition module separates mimic channel and digital circuit when layout, simulation ground and independent wiring digitally, and a bit altogether, to eliminate the common impedance coupling.Simultaneously overstriking power lead, ground wire adopts latticed system, can reduce system to the susceptibility of undesired signal.
Ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system selects high precision throw-in type level sensor that the multi-point water levels such as upstream, downstream and lock chamber of ship lock are measured in real time, the throw-in type level sensor is installed in respectively the bottom in waters in upstream, downstream, the lock chamber, and its front end fully contacts with water.Level sensor becomes actual water level into normalized current 4-20mA, sensor is the two-wire system way of output, a positive pole that meets 24VDC, another root is that the normalized current of 4～20mA exports data acquisition board to, this number is adopted module and is articulated in 485 networks with joint form, it is take high-performance 51 single-chip microcomputers as core controller, and peripheral expansion has the circuit such as signal condition, multi-way switch, A/D conversion, CPLD device, man-machine interface, 485 communication interfaces.Wherein, signal conditioning circuit mainly comprises I/V conversion, voltage follow and Butterworth LPF etc.Normalized current is after the I/V conversion, and the recycling voltage follower carries out impedance matching, to improve its load-carrying ability; Low-pass filter adopts Butterworth second order form, the high frequency noise that filtering power frequency component and environmental interference are brought; Filtered three-way sensor signal is sent into respectively three input channels of multi-way switch, and then is connected to A/D converter, and its 16 transformation results are exported with serial form; Multi-way switch carries out the automatic switchover of the different level measuring points such as upstream, downstream, lock chamber, realizes that single A/D converter detects the timesharing of multi-channel analog signal is touring.A/D converter adopts the A/D converter of successive approximation 16 bit serial output, it is built-in with sampling hold circuit, has self-calibration function, can be in the data bits line output that last round of conversion is good in the epicycle conversion, to realize maximum converting transmission speed, it is changed required reference voltage and is provided by the outer low noise of sheet, high-precision reference voltage source.The CPLD chip seals in/and the Data Format Transform that goes out and port address decoding etc. mainly for generation of A/D logic control signal, A/D transformation result, guarantees that single-chip microcomputer reads 16 transformation results by sheet external port access mode is parallel at twice; Man-machine interface is furnished with button and charactron, and button and charactron are used, and is used for showing the water level value of corresponding measurement point, and is convenient to debugging and the self check of system; Reset circuit also is furnished with reset key except supporting the electrification reset mode, be used for the hand-reset of system; The photoelectricity isolation is isolated the serial communication between single-chip microcomputer and 485 buses effectively, and isolation signals has rs 232 serial interface signal RXD, the TXD of single-chip microcomputer and the I/O signal that is used for control 485 transmitting-receivings; TTL/485 conversion is made of MAX485 chip etc., and its A, B end directly is articulated on 485 buses, so that each measurement point waterlevel data can be uploaded to the upper monitoring PC at a distance for being fit to the differential signal of teletransmission.
Owing to have abundant logical resource in the CPLD sheet and in the system programmable characteristic, data acquisition module of the present invention has adopted the framework of " single-chip microcomputer+CPLD ", so that when improving acquisition speed, effectively reduce the complexity of peripheral digital circuit, improve the reliability of hardware circuit.A/D conversion interface circuit and the CPLD correlation function addressed in the data acquisition module at this emphasis design.This module adopts high-precision A/D chip MAX195 to carry out mould/number conversion, and it is based on approximation theory one by one, and 16 conversion accuracies are built-in with sampling hold circuit at 9.4us switching time, have self-calibration function, and transformation result is exported by turn with serial mode.MAX195 adopts synchronously conversion transmission mode, can will change good upper a data position output in the process that mould/number conversion is carried out, to realize maximum converting transmission speed.Its interface circuit as shown in Figure 4.Wherein, AIN is the input channel of simulating signal to be converted, CONV is for starting switching signal, the status signal of EOC for being used for judging whether this conversion finishes, CLK is not only as change over clock but also as the serial data output clock, and DOUT exports 16 transformation results from a high position to the low level with serial mode by turn at the CLK negative edge.START, RESET are respectively A/D conversion starting signal and the self calibration signal that single-chip microcomputer sends.Simultaneously, this module adopts CPLD chip EPM7128S to carry out the design of part digital circuit, and its top layer principle as shown in Figure 5.The START signal that single-chip microcomputer is sent and carry out inclusive-OR operation by the 4FPCLK signal that the external active crystal oscillator produces behind 4 frequency divisions, produce A/D conversion starting signal CONV truly, the serial data of simultaneously this being changed changes from SDIN end input and according to SRCLK end level data is moved into 8 bit shift register 74595 of two cascades by turn, 16 transformation results that single-chip microcomputer latchs in the read shift register at twice according to sheet external port access mode.Following logical relation is arranged between above relevant controlling signal and the status signal:
CONV=START+4FPCLK,
SRCLK=4FPCLK&EOC
The design of C51 language module is adopted in scm software programming in the data acquisition module, and program structure is clear, is convenient to system maintenance and upgrading.At this monolithic owner program and A/D converse routine only are described.Wherein, main program flow chart as shown in Figure 6, the work such as initialization, data acquisition, digital filtering, scale transformation and man-machine interface management of main completion system.To carry out initialization to timer and serial port after system powers on, wait for that at any time upper PC sends data acquisition command.In loop body, at first each channel water bit data is carried out online medium filtering, then by scale transformation digital quantity is changed into water level value, when waiting for the serial ports interruption, button is scanned, press if any key, then identify the key that is pressed, and shown the water level value of respective channel by charactron; The relevant interrupt service routine of A/D conversion comprises that mainly timer overflows interruption (setting sample frequency) and INT0 interrupts (reading transformation result from CPLD) outward, and realizes that hyperchannel switches, starts the functions such as A/D conversion.The mode that the A/D sampling period adopts the interior hardware Timer/Counter T0 of monolithic Bigpian to overflow interruption and software counter realizes jointly.And utilize 0 pair of same measurement point of outer interrupt INT repeatedly to sample, be to prepare for follow-up medium filtering.At this, single-chip microcomputer adopts and rejects indivedual " bad point " that may exist in the signal based on the medium filtering of " bubble sort " algorithm, namely to a certain measured parameter continuous sampling repeatedly, then these sampled values are sorted, choosing intermediate value is this efficiently sampling value.Its realization flow as shown in Figure 7, this algorithm has convenience of calculation, speed is fast, memory space is little characteristics.
The remote monitoring PC is mainly finished communication, the FIR(Finite Impulse Response of upper and lower computer, finite impulse response (FIR)) filtering, data base administration, to work such as the operation of GSM short message module and multi-point water level demonstrations.Application VB is as the problem of implementation of developing instrument resolution system operation interface on the PC, and this interface comprises that mainly system moves the management of indication, upper and lower computer connection indication, the demonstration of upper and lower computer Content of Communication, the demonstration of current Multi-channel water place value and transmitting-receiving short message etc.Because the native system structure is relatively simple, data source is comparatively single, thus select the Access database as background data base, and connect with DAO (Data Access Object, DAO) technology.Wherein database is mainly used in the record of historical water level and ship lock designated user group's (ship lock staff and boat people) management.Need to prove that PC FIR filtering is to carry out on the basis of single-chip microcomputer medium filtering, to suppress to a greater degree " burr " phenomenon, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), make signal waveform more level and smooth.The FIR wave filter has strict linear phase characteristic when guaranteeing that amplitude characteristic satisfies technical requirement, be easy to realize and the absolute stable advantage of system.Usually, the N rank are with being convolution relation between the output y (n) of constant coefficient FIR wave filter and the list entries x (n), and its system's difference equation is
In the formula: x (n) is input signal sequence; Y (n) is output signal sequence; H (n) is the unit impulse response of system, for having linear-phase filter, coefficient even symmetry, i.e. h (n)=h (N-n-1).The application window function method carries out the design of FIR wave filter, have filtering parameter revise convenient, computing is simple, precision is high, be easy to the characteristics such as realization, its fundamental design idea is to allow practical filter to be designed approach ideal behavior.The present invention is directed to frequency content and feature thereof that the actual water level signal comprises, for effectively rejecting the interference of high frequency burr to the impact of water level actual value, the canonical parameter of designed low-pass filter is: sample frequency f
s=150Hz, cut-off frequecy of passband f
p=5Hz, stopband initial frequency f
St=15Hz, stopband attenuation are not less than-50dB, and the window function type adopts Hamming window, filter order N=30.FIR design of filter and online filtering flow process as shown in Figure 8, the method may further comprise the steps:
1) measured parameter is carried out finite impulse response filter, first the frequency characteristic Hd (e of given ideal filter
Jw);
2) unit sample respo of calculating ideal filter,
3) filter form, window function type, length of window N are set;
4) Calling MATLAB function calculation coefficients w (n);
5) the unit sample respo h (n) of calculating filter=h
d(n) w (n);
6) deposit N h (n) sequence that designs in the corresponding stored district;
7) deposit median-filtered result x1 in the corresponding stored district as x (n);
8) h (n) is read in circulation, x (n) value is carried out convolution algorithm, tries to achieve online filtering result
The remote monitoring PC also is articulated in 485 networks with joint form, its man machine operation interface adopts the VB Programming with Pascal Language, the ACCESS database is adopted on the backstage, can show each measurement point real time water level information, and automatically be saved in it in background data base, and designated mobile phone customer group, sending and receiving short messages etc. are managed, can add easily subtract, the operation such as inquiry, statistics, report generation, printing.Adopt the RS485 bus to connect between data acquisition module and the remote monitoring PC, can carry out the automatic conversion between the different communication standards of TTL/RS485/RS232 in the data transfer procedure, system has good extendability.
GSM short message module TC35 is connected with PC by the RS-232 serial ports, and PC is controlled reception and the transmission that gsm module carries out short message by AT order format transmitted in both directions instruction and data.This module is as follows with the communication test method between the PC: 1) the RS232 serial ports is connected.Because TC35 carries the RS232 serial ports, gets final product so only need be connected to the PC serial ports.Under PC side self-programmed software environment, select corresponding string slogan, and its parameter is set to: baud rate 9600bps, no parity position, 8 data bit, 1 position of rest.2) parameters, connecting test.Input AT order, as return OK, showing the successful connection of computing machine and gsm module, gsm module can work.For realizing the function of sending and receiving short messages, need to do following setting to gsm module: input command AT+CSCS=" UCS2 ", as return OK, show that the character set that terminal device uses successfully is set to " UCS2 "; Input command AT+CACA?, as return+CSCA: "＜sca〉",＜tosca〉and (wherein sca is the character type SMS service center address, and tosca is integer type sca address) show and search nearest SMS service center, can establish a communications link; Input command AT+CMGF=0, as return OK, show that short messaging mode successfully is set to the PDU pattern; Input command AT+CNMI=2,1,0,0,1, return OK, show if any new short message and come that gsm module is pointed out auto-returned.3) transmitting-receiving short message.Input command AT+CMGS=X, wherein the X size character number that equals to send adds 15 and represent with " UCS2 " form, the Unicode character string that input processing is good more also sends to gsm module and just can carry out transmission; Receive short message such as gsm module, then return data is reminded, and its form is :+CMTI: " SM ",＜index 〉, PC can extract information by sending order AT+CMGR=index, and wherein index is the people of unread information memory location.
Among the present invention, can carry out the short message two-way interactive between designated mobile phone user and the system, i.e. the passive receive mode of user and initiatively ask for mode:
1) passive receive mode: system operators can arrange a plurality of timed sending time points according to actual needs in the industrial computer program, when setting-up time arrived, system can issue the designated mobile phone customer group with this each measurement point waterlevel data of moment with short message way automatically.Simultaneously, system operators also can send other short message of editing at any time by hand;
2) user initiatively asks for mode.At any time, the cellphone subscriber also can send SMS message to the plug-in gsm module of industrial computer, to obtain current up-to-date water level information.After the user sent SMS message to gsm module, industrial computer at first can carry out authentication, by replying immediately current water level after the authentication; If do not pass through, then can further not send information.So design, system's maskable falls the invalid short message that non-designated user sends, thereby reduces system operation cost, improves specific aim and the validity of ship lock service.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop in the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, it is characterized in that, comprise the upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, the lock chamber level sensor, data acquisition module, the RS485 network, 485/232 converter, the remote monitoring PC, gsm module, the cellphone subscriber, described data acquisition module comprises signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C, multi-way switch, the A/D change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer, power management module, button, charactron, the TTL/485 change-over circuit, described upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, the lock chamber level sensor respectively with signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C links to each other, described signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C links to each other with the multi-way switch input end, the multi-way switch output terminal links to each other with the A/D change-over circuit, described A/D change-over circuit, power management module, button, charactron links to each other with single-chip microcomputer respectively, described TTL/485 change-over circuit one end links to each other with single-chip microcomputer, other end access RS485 network, described 485/232 converter, one termination enters the RS485 network, another termination remote monitoring PC, described gsm module links to each other with the remote monitoring PC and communicates by letter with the cellphone subscriber by cordless communication network.
2. ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C comprise respectively I/V change-over circuit, follower, low-pass filter, described low-pass filter is Butterworth second order form, described I/V change-over circuit input end is connected with level sensor, described I/V change-over circuit output terminal links to each other with the follower input end, and the follower output terminal links to each other with low-pass filter.
3. ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described A/D change-over circuit comprises A/D converter (101), CPLD(102), reference voltage chip (103), described A/D converter (101) model is MAX195, described CPLD (102) model is EPM7128S, described reference voltage chip (103) model is MAX6250, the AIN end of described A/D converter (101) is the input channel of simulating signal to be converted, the CLK end of described A/D converter (101) links to each other with the 4FPCLK end of CPLD (102), the EOC end of described A/D converter (101) links to each other with the EOC end of CPLD (102), the CONV end of described A/D converter (101) links to each other with the CONV end of CPLD (102), the DOUT end of described A/D converter (101) links to each other with the SDIN end of CPLD (102), the RESET termination of described A/D converter (101) is received the self calibration signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the REF end of described A/D converter (101) links to each other with the OUT end of reference voltage chip (103), the START termination of described CPLD (102) is received the A/D conversion starting signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the AD of described CPLD (102)
0～7Link to each other with the parallel port of single-chip microcomputer.
4. the filtering method of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the method may further comprise the steps:
1) measured parameter is carried out medium filtering, namely to measured parameter continuous sampling repeatedly, sampled value is sorted, choosing intermediate value is this efficiently sampling value;
2) measured parameter is carried out finite impulse response filter, first the frequency characteristic Hd (e of given ideal filter
Jw);
3) unit sample respo of calculating ideal filter,
4) filter form, window function type, length of window N are set;
5) Calling MATLAB function calculation coefficients w (n);
6) the unit sample respo h (n) of calculating filter=h
d(n) w (n);
7) deposit N h (n) sequence that designs in the corresponding stored district;
8) deposit median-filtered result x1 in the corresponding stored district as x (n);
9) h (n) is read in circulation, x (n) value is carried out convolution algorithm, tries to achieve online filtering result
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| CN103559367A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-05 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Combined dispatching simulation and analysis method for multi-line parallel locks |
| CN104316135A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-01-28 | 镇江船舶电器有限责任公司 | Marine water level alarm system |
| CN104330129A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-02-04 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Aeroengine force application main pipe oil cup liquid level measuring system |
| CN104634414A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-20 | 国家电网公司 | Water level measurement method based on Butterworth digital low-pass filter |
| CN104734666A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-24 | 鸿富锦精密工业(武汉)有限公司 | Chip control circuit |
| CN105116124A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-12-02 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | Detection method for outdoor water quality collection and detection device |
| CN105222853A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-01-06 | 苏州德锐朗智能科技有限公司 | A kind of water level detecting system of powering based on stabilized voltage supply |
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| CN107846475A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-03-27 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Intelligent water conservancy information investigating method and measure and control device |
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| CN110333079A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-15 | 南京伟业燃油喷射技术有限公司 | A kind of diesel engine comprehensive parameter tester and measuring method |
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| CN107894263A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-10 | 中广核工程有限公司 | The apparatus and method of the upstream and downstream liquid level difference of nuclear power station measurement filter screen |
| CN107846475A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-03-27 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Intelligent water conservancy information investigating method and measure and control device |
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| CN110333079A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-15 | 南京伟业燃油喷射技术有限公司 | A kind of diesel engine comprehensive parameter tester and measuring method |
| CN111371508A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-07-03 | 常州机电职业技术学院 | RS485 communication anti-interference module |
| CN111896079A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 长江三峡通航管理局 | Multistage ship lock chamber water level monitoring system |
| CN113247197A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-08-13 | 金睛兽数字科技(重庆)有限公司 | Ship electronic water gauge measuring method and system |
| CN113247197B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2022-03-15 | 金睛兽数字科技(重庆)有限公司 | Ship electronic water gauge measuring method and system |
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