CN102928040B - Ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system and filtering method - Google Patents
Ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system and filtering method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system and filtering method, system is made up of many level sensors, data acquisition module, remote monitoring PC, gsm module and communication network etc.Be lower 8-digit microcontroller with single-chip microcomputer, adopt high-precision a/d converter, many measurement points water levels such as Real-Time Monitoring ship lock upstream and downstream, lock chamber, and utilize 485 bus teletransmissions to upper monitoring PC to show each point water level value in real time by after multichannel data packing reconstruct, and by GSM short message module and wireless network thereof, water level information is sent to designated mobile phone user, also support that cellphone subscriber utilizes GSM network initiatively to ask for each point water level value at any time simultaneously.System adopts based on the FIR filtering on single-chip microcomputer medium filtering basis, is easy to realize and the absolute stable advantage of system.Cost of the present invention is low, precision is high, antijamming capability is strong, man-machine interaction is friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring system, particularly relate to a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system and filtering method.
Background technology
Ship lock station water level real-time monitoring is the inevitable requirement that ship gateway operation management and safety of ship navigation propose.Ship lock dispatcher must pay close attention to the change of water level in ship lock upstream and downstream and lock chamber the moment, and waterlevel data makes ship lockage process automation become possibility accurately and reliably, thus greatly alleviates the difficulty of ship lockage and the working strength of ship lock dispatcher; Meanwhile, the upstream and downstream water level information that ship lock station is also extremely necessary to allow friend boat people grasp in time and changes at any time, so that they initiatively make and are sailing or suspend the selection of pulling in shore.But the level measuring facility at current many ship lock stations is outmoded, and technology is backwardness comparatively, automaticity is inadequate, water level information accuracy is not high, and some even relies on staff to observe river gage scale, greatly have impact on the security of ship gateway operation scheduling, economy and high efficiency.In addition, ship lock station mostly rely on manually by broadcast system even blackboard newspaper carry out water level news release, form is comparatively single, hommization degree is not high, audient face is limited, it is comparatively difficult that numerous boat people want to understand ship lock real time water level information, therefore often misses best lockage opportunity, also cause inconvenience to ship gateway operation scheduling.Therefore design a kind of hyperchannel water level real-time monitoring towards ship lock application, teletransmission and short message interactive system, to the water level automatic monitoring level improving ship lock, the safe operation realizing the scheduling of ship lock station and the human nature service quality improving shippping traffic have important realistic meaning.
Chinese patent instructions 200710068013.2 discloses a kind of radio water level monitoring system, and to solve in existing water level monitoring system, the data of monitoring cannot real-time Transmission, and the problem that can only obtain on the spot.But its weak point is: 1) at the electromagnetic wave of spatial, except useful signal, also there is a large amount of interference, as the interference such as intermodulation, adjacent frequency, same frequency from other communication system, also have from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) at scene, and the spontaneous phenomenon interference such as atmospheric electricity.And these interference often cause monitoring system cannot proper communication; 2) this monitoring system hardware cost is high, and the collection of each measurement point waterlevel data fully cannot ensure real-time; 3) water level monitoring and Information issued do not carry out organic integration, each point water level information cannot be informed user in time, limit systematic difference scope.
Chen Yong has just waited people in paper " principle and structure of ship lock water level and water level difference laser monitoring system " [Shandong transport science and techonologies, 2010(1)] describe and a kind ofly apply Modern Laser ranging technology carries out upgrading method to the water level measurement system of original ship lock, but there is following problem in the method: 1) laser range sensor is expensive, service condition is comparatively harsh, and reflection kickboard is installed more difficult; 2) change of environment temperature, the foreign material such as insect, cobweb of the interior long-term parasitism of well logging can stop laser beam, necessary regularly elimination; 3) extendability of system is poor, is unfavorable for the real-time tour inspection of hyperchannel water level.
The water level pressure sensor of prior art exports no periodic continually varying current signal in real time.In the water environment of complexity during actual use, there is various forms of interference source, during start-up and operation as various power-equipment in the headstock gear of ship lock station the superpotential etc. that current signal is decayed, thunder and lightning produces that causes of the heavy current impact, the fluctuation of 220V line voltage and wave form distortion interference, electromagnetic radiation, the long range propagation that produce.More than interference is once invade measuring system input channel, data acquisition errors can be caused undoubtedly to strengthen or flood sensor useful signal composition, even can destroy the operation of whole measuring system time serious.
In order to improve ship lock water level automatic monitoring level, realize ship lock station scheduling safe operation, improve shippping traffic lockage efficiency and human nature service is provided, design a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, easily be disturbed to solve the data acquisition of prior art level sensor, gather the problems such as automaticity is not high, form of information issue is single, man-machine interaction is not strong and have important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system and filtering method, solve prior art data acquisition and be easily disturbed, gather the technical matterss such as automaticity is not high, form of information issue is single, man-machine interaction is not strong.
Object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, comprises upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, lock chamber level sensor, data acquisition module, RS485 network, 485/232 converter, remote monitoring PC, gsm module, cellphone subscriber, described data acquisition module comprises signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C, multi-way switch, A/D change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer, power management module, button, charactron, TTL/485 change-over circuit, described upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, lock chamber level sensor respectively with signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C is connected, described signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C is connected with multi-way switch input end, and multi-way switch output terminal is connected with A/D change-over circuit, described A/D change-over circuit, power management module, button, charactron is connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively, described TTL/485 change-over circuit one end is connected with single-chip microcomputer, other end access RS485 network, described 485/232 converter one end access RS485 network, another termination remote monitoring PC, described gsm module is connected with remote monitoring PC and is communicated with cellphone subscriber by cordless communication network.
A filtering method for ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, the method comprises the following steps:
1) carry out medium filtering to measured parameter, namely to measured parameter continuous sampling repeatedly, sampled value sorted, choosing intermediate value is this efficiently sampling value;
2) finite impulse response filter is carried out to measured parameter, first the frequency characteristic Hd (e of given ideal filter
jw);
3) unit sample respo of ideal filter is calculated,
4) filter form, window function type, length of window N are set;
5) Calling MATLAB function calculating filter coefficient w (n);
6) unit sample respo h (the n)=h of filter is calculated
d(n) w (n);
7) by N number of h (n) sequence of designing stored in corresponding stored district;
8) using median-filtered result x1 as x (n) stored in corresponding stored district;
9) circulation reading h (n), x (n) value carry out convolution algorithm, try to achieve online filter result
Object of the present invention can also be realized further by following technical measures:
Aforementioned a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, wherein signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C comprise I/V change-over circuit, follower, low-pass filter respectively, described low-pass filter is Butterworth second order form, described I/V change-over circuit input end is connected with level sensor, described I/V change-over circuit output terminal is connected with follower input end, and follower output terminal is connected with low-pass filter.
Aforementioned a kind of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, wherein A/D change-over circuit comprises A/D converter 101, complex programmable logic device (CPLD) 102, reference voltage chip 103, described A/D converter 101 model is MAX195, described CPLD102 model is EPM7128S, described reference voltage chip 103 model is MAX6250, the AIN end of described A/D converter 101 is the input channel of simulating signal to be converted, the CLK end of described A/D converter 101 is held with the 4FPCLK of CPLD102 and is connected, the EOC end of described A/D converter 101 is held with the EOC of CPLD102 and is connected, the CONV end of described A/D converter 101 is held with the CONV of CPLD102 and is connected, the DOUT end of described A/D converter 101 is held with the SDIN of CPLD102 and is connected, the RESET termination of described A/D converter 101 receives the self calibration signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the REF end of described A/D converter 101 is held with the OUT of reference voltage chip 103 and is connected, , the START termination of described CPLD102 receives the A/D conversion starting signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the AD of described CPLD102
0 ~ 7be connected with the parallel port of single-chip microcomputer.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by GSM short message module and wireless network thereof, water level information is sent to designated mobile phone user, also support that cellphone subscriber utilizes GSM network initiatively to ask for each point water level value at any time, Information issued in real time, quick, man-machine interaction is strong simultaneously; The framework that data acquisition module have employed " single-chip microcomputer+CPLD ", while raising acquisition speed, effectively to reduce the complexity of Peripheral digital circuit, improves the reliability of hardware circuit; System adopts based on the FIR filtering on single-chip microcomputer medium filtering basis, to suppress " burr " phenomenon to a greater degree, improves signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), makes signal waveform more level and smooth, is easy to realize and the absolute stable advantage of system.Cost of the present invention is low, precision is high, antijamming capability is strong, man-machine interaction is friendly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system structural drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is throw-in type level sensor structural drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the signal conditioning circuit structural drawing of data acquisition module of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is A/D conversion interface circuit figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is CPLD schematic diagram of the function of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is singlechip main program process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is single-chip microcomputer medium filtering process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is PC FIR filtering process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, comprises upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, lock chamber level sensor, data acquisition module, RS485 network, 485/232 converter, remote monitoring PC, gsm module, cellphone subscriber, described data acquisition module comprises signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C, multi-way switch, A/D change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer, power management module, button, charactron, TTL/485 change-over circuit, described upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, lock chamber level sensor respectively with signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C is connected, described signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C is connected with multi-way switch input end, and multi-way switch output terminal is connected with A/D change-over circuit, described A/D change-over circuit, power management module, button, charactron is connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively, described TTL/485 change-over circuit one end is connected with single-chip microcomputer, other end access RS485 network, described 485/232 converter one end access RS485 network, another termination remote monitoring PC, described gsm module is connected with remote monitoring PC and is communicated with cellphone subscriber by cordless communication network.
As shown in Figure 3, the signal conditioning circuit A of native system, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C comprise I/V change-over circuit, follower, low-pass filter respectively, described low-pass filter is Butterworth second order form, described I/V change-over circuit input end is connected with level sensor, described I/V change-over circuit output terminal is connected with follower input end, and follower output terminal is connected with low-pass filter.
As shown in Figure 4, wherein A/D change-over circuit comprises A/D converter 101, CPLD102, reference voltage chip 103, described A/D converter 101 model is MAX195, described CPLD102 model is EPM7128S, described reference voltage chip 103 model is MAX6250, the AIN end of described A/D converter 101 is the input channel of simulating signal to be converted, the CLK end of described A/D converter 101 is held with the 4FPCLK of CPLD102 and is connected, the EOC end of described A/D converter 101 is held with the EOC of CPLD102 and is connected, the CONV end of described A/D converter 101 is held with the CONV of CPLD102 and is connected, the DOUT end of described A/D converter 101 is held with the SDIN of CPLD102 and is connected, the RESET termination of described A/D converter 101 receives the self calibration signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the REF end of described A/D converter 101 is held with the OUT of reference voltage chip 103 and is connected, , the START termination of described CPLD102 receives the A/D conversion starting signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the AD of described CPLD102
0 ~ 7be connected with the parallel port of single-chip microcomputer.
The water level pressure sensor that the present invention adopts exports no periodic continually varying current signal in real time.In actual use, general water-level fluctuation frequency is 3 ~ 4Hz, fluctuation range is no more than 10cm, and sensor output signal is often rendered as one and changes standard current signal, the low-frequency ac signal of several hertz and the superposition of some small magnitude high frequency noise content slowly.Simultaneously, system for field operating condition environment more complicated, there is various forms of interference source, during start-up and operation as various power-equipment in the headstock gear of ship lock station the superpotential etc. that current signal is decayed, thunder and lightning produces that causes of the heavy current impact, the fluctuation of 220V line voltage and wave form distortion interference, electromagnetic radiation, the long range propagation that produce.More than interference is once invasive system input channel, data acquisition errors can be caused undoubtedly to strengthen or flood sensor useful signal composition, even can destroy the operation of whole measuring system time serious.Therefore, concrete implement of the present invention time, in the measuring accuracy of system, antijamming capability and job stability, take further technical measures.
Present invention employs high precision throw-in type level sensor, its inner structure as shown in Figure 2.Wherein, resistance bridge is made up of the diffusion resistance that 4 resistance formed with ion implantation and laser modification method on silicon elastic film sheet are equal, when reference voltage source remains unchanged, act on resistance bridge if any pressure, electric bridge then can out of trim, its output voltage is directly proportional to pressure, thus pressure signal is converted to electric signal.Constant current source is the constant current drive needed for Sensor Temperature Compensation, for transducer zeroing temperature drift compensation and compensation of α TCS.Because zero point of sensor and full scale temperature compensation calculate when no-output load, bridge resistor changes along with temperature again, therefore bridge voltage also will along with temperature variation under constant current source incentive mode, therefore select difference kiichi amplifier to improve the high and common-mode rejection ratio of input impedance, weak voltage signals is amplified to the scope being convenient to measure by its output signal again through amplifier, and changed by V/I and be converted to 4-20mA normalized current further again, so that long-distance transmissions.Gamma correction is fed back by output voltage by resistance, to control bridge voltage, for the pressure nonlinear characteristic of compensation sensor.Reversed polarity protection plays a protective role, and prevents electric power polarity from connecing and damages system inverse time.This level sensor is that two-wire system exports, and single line is the input of 24VDC power supply positive terminal, and another root is that 4-20mA standard current signal terminal exports.This level sensor range 0 ~ 10 meter, working temperature-20 ~ 80 DEG C, accuracy class 0.2%FS, nonlinearity 0.06%.
The RS-485 network that the present invention adopts has the advantages such as structure is simple, extendability is strong.But due to engineering-environment more complicated, scene often exists various forms of interference source, consider the reliability that the stability of system works communicates with 485, present invention employs photoelectrical coupler and 485 networks and data acquisition module are carried out electrical isolation.For protecting 485 transceivers not breakdown, adopt stabilivolt composition absorption circuit in the transmission ends of 485 buses.Meanwhile, in circuit, likely there is the extreme case that 485 transceivers of certain node are breakdown, owing to being in series with two resistance at 485 signal output parts, the hardware fault of this node also can be made can not to affect the communication of whole 485 networks.The top of 485 buses and end respectively access 1 120 Ω build-out resistor, can reduce the reflection of signal transmission on circuit.The system of considering may occur because of deadlock that 485 chips are in transmission state all the time and take the situation of bus, by the transmission Enable Pin ground connection of 485 transceivers, can ensure the reliability of 485 communications.
The present invention also uses corresponding measure in the A/D converter of data acquisition module and multi-way switch type selecting and interface circuit design thereof: the multi-way switch chip MAX4598 of employing has lower conducting resistance, compatible TTL logic input, Leakage Current is only 0.1nA; The A/D conversion chip MAX195 adopted belongs to successive approximation 16 A/D converters, the feature that it has, and precision is high, speed is fast, low in energy consumption, self calibration, tri-state serial data export.During work, this chip adopts synchronous converting transmission mode, namely carries out the upper data bit Serial output (high-order front) will changed in process in A/D conversion.Its switching reference voltages is provided by low noise, accurate reference power supply chip MAX6250; A/D change-over circuit outside is added with the metallic shield of customization, and on a printed circuit, maskable scene is disturbed in welding.System additionally uses power monitoring chip MAX706, power at data acquisition module, power down, hand-reset and supply voltage be when reducing, its internal reset comparer can export reliable reset signal, simultaneously, its inner watchdog circuit also can monitor the operation of single-chip microcomputer, as abnormally in single-chip microcomputer work cause program fleet, this house dog will make single-chip microcomputer automatically reset, thus data acquisition is restarted.Meanwhile, mimic channel and digital circuit separate when layout by data acquisition module, in analog and digitally independent wiring, and a bit altogether, to eliminate common impedance coupling.The power lead of overstriking simultaneously, ground wire adopts latticed system, can reduce the susceptibility of system to undesired signal.
Ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system selects high precision throw-in type level sensor to measure in real time the upstream of ship lock, the multi-point water level such as downstream and lock chamber, throw-in type level sensor is arranged on the bottom in waters in upstream, downstream, lock chamber respectively, and its front end fully contacts with water.Actual water level is become normalized current 4-20mA by level sensor, sensor is the two-wire system way of output, a positive pole meeting 24VDC, another root is that the normalized current of 4 ~ 20mA exports data acquisition board to, this number is adopted module and is articulated in 485 networks with joint form, it is with high-performance 51 single-chip microcomputer for core controller, and peripheral expansion has the circuit such as signal condition, multi-way switch, A/D conversion, CPLD device, man-machine interface, 485 communication interfaces.Wherein, signal conditioning circuit mainly comprises I/V conversion, voltage follow and Butterworth LPF etc.Normalized current is after I/V conversion, and recycling voltage follower carries out impedance matching, to improve its load-carrying ability; Low-pass filter adopts Butterworth second order form, the high frequency noise that filtering power frequency component and environmental interference are brought; Filtered three-way sensor signal sends into three input channels of multi-way switch respectively, and then is connected to A/D converter, and its 16 transformation results export with serial form; Multi-way switch carries out the automatic switchover of the different level measuring points such as upstream, downstream, lock chamber, realizes the timesharing circling measurment of single A/D converter to multi-channel analog signal.The A/D converter that A/D converter adopts successive approximation 16 bit serial to export, it is built-in with sampling hold circuit, there is self-calibration function, can by data bit Serial output good for last round of conversion while epicycle conversion, to realize maximum converting transmission speed, the required reference voltage of its conversion is provided by the outer low noise of sheet, high-precision reference voltage source.CPLD chip seals in/and the Data Format Transform gone out and port address decoding etc. mainly for generation of A/D logic control signal, A/D transformation result, guarantees that single-chip microcomputer is by sheet external port access mode parallel reading 16 transformation results at twice; Man-machine interface is furnished with button and charactron, button and charactron with the use of, for showing the water level value of corresponding measurement point, and be convenient to debugging and the self-inspection of system; Reset circuit, except support electrification reset mode, is also furnished with reset key, for the hand-reset of system; Serial communication between single-chip microcomputer and 485 buses is isolated by Phototube Coupling effectively, and isolation signals has rs 232 serial interface signal RXD, TXD of single-chip microcomputer and the I/O signal for controlling 485 transmitting-receivings; TTL/485 conversion is made up of MAX485 chip etc., and its A, B end is the differential signal being applicable to teletransmission, is directly articulated in 485 buses, so that each measurement point waterlevel data can be uploaded to upper monitoring PC at a distance.
Owing to having abundant logical resource and in-system programmable components characteristic thereof in CPLD sheet, data acquisition module of the present invention have employed the framework of " single-chip microcomputer+CPLD ", so that while raising acquisition speed, effectively reduce the complexity of Peripheral digital circuit, improve the reliability of hardware circuit.A/D conversion interface circuit in data acquisition module and CPLD relative functional design is addressed at this emphasis.This module adopts high-precision A/D chip MAX195 to carry out analog/digital conversion, and it is based on Approach by inchmeal principle, 16 conversion accuracies, 9.4us switching time, and be built-in with sampling hold circuit, have self-calibration function, transformation result exports in a serial fashion by turn.MAX195 adopts synchronous converting transmission mode, in the process can carried out exports, the upper a data position of having changed to realize maximum converting transmission speed in analog/digital conversion.Its interface circuit as shown in Figure 4.Wherein, AIN is the input channel of simulating signal to be converted, CONV is for starting switching signal, EOC is for judging that this changes the status signal whether terminated, CLK is not only as change over clock but also as serial data output clock, and 16 transformation results export by turn at CLK negative edge by DOUT in a serial fashion from a high position to low level.START, RESET are respectively the A/D conversion starting signal and self calibration signal that single-chip microcomputer sends.Meanwhile, this module adopts CPLD chip EPM7128S to carry out the design of part number circuit, and its top layer principle as shown in Figure 5.The START signal sent by single-chip microcomputer and the 4FPCLK signal produced after 4 frequency divisions by external active crystal oscillator carry out inclusive-OR operation, produce A/D conversion starting signal CONV truly, the serial data simultaneously this changed inputs from SDIN end and holds according to SRCLK level change to be moved into 8 bit shift register 74595 of two cascades by turn by data, and single-chip microcomputer is according to 16 transformation results latched in sheet external port access mode at twice read shift register.Following logical relation is had between above relevant controlling signal and status signal:
CONV=START+4FPCLK,
SRCLK=4FPCLK&EOC
Scm software programming in data acquisition module adopts the design of C51 language moduleization, and program structure is clear, is convenient to system maintenance and upgrading.At this, singlechip main program and A/D converse routine are only described.Wherein, main program flow chart as shown in Figure 6, the initialization of main completion system, data acquisition, digital filtering, the work such as scale transformation and man-machine interface management.Initialization to be carried out to timer and serial port after system electrification, wait for that upper PC sends data acquisition command at any time.In loop body, first online medium filtering is carried out to each channel water bit data, then by scale transformation, digital quantity is changed into water level value, while wait serial ports interrupts, button is scanned, press if any key, then identify the key be pressed, and by the water level value of numeral method respective channel; The interrupt service routine that A/D conversion is relevant mainly comprises timer and overflows and interrupt (setting sample frequency) and INT0 interrupts (from CPLD, reading transformation result) outward, and realizes the functions such as hyperchannel switches, startup A/D conversion.The mode that the A/D sampling period adopts hardware Timer/Counter T0 in single chip microcomputer to overflow interruption and software counter realizes jointly.And utilize outer interrupt INT 0 repeatedly to sample to same measurement point, be for subsequent median filtering is prepared.At this, single-chip microcomputer adopts and rejects indivedual " bad points " that may exist in signal based on the medium filtering of " bubble sort " algorithm, namely to a certain measured parameter continuous sampling repeatedly, then these sampled values sorted, choosing intermediate value is this efficiently sampling value.As shown in Figure 7, this algorithm has convenience of calculation, speed is fast, memory space is little feature to its realization flow.
Remote monitoring PC mainly completes communication, the FIR(FiniteImpulseResponse of upper and lower computer, finite impulse response (FIR)) filtering, data base administration, the work such as operation and multi-point water level display to GSM short message module.PC is applied the problem of implementation of VB as developing instrument resolution system operation interface, this interface mainly comprises system cloud gray model instruction, upper and lower computer connects instruction, upper and lower computer Content of Communication shows, current Multi-channel water place value shows and the management etc. of transmitting-receiving short message.Because native system structure is relatively simple, data source is comparatively single, therefore selects Access database as background data base, and connects by DAO (DataAccessObject, DAO) technology.Wherein database is mainly used in the management of record to history water level and ship lock designated user group (ship lock staff and boat people).It should be noted that, PC FIR filtering carries out on the basis of single-chip microcomputer medium filtering, to suppress " burr " phenomenon to a greater degree, improves signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), make signal waveform more level and smooth.FIR filter, while ensureing that amplitude characteristic meets technical requirement, has strict linear phase characteristic, is easy to realize and the absolute stable advantage of system.Usually, N rank are with being convolution relation between output y (n) of constant coefficient FIR filter and list entries x (n), and its system difference equation is
In formula: x (n) is input signal sequence; Y (n) is output signal sequence; The unit impulse response that h (n) is system, for having linear-phase filter, coefficient even symmetry, i.e. h (n)=h (N-n-1).Application window function method carries out the design of FIR filter, and have filtering parameter amendment convenience, computing is simple, precision is high, be easy to the features such as realization, its fundamental design idea allows practical filter to be designed approach ideal behavior.The present invention is directed to frequency content and feature thereof that actual water level signal comprises, for effectively rejecting the impact of frequency glitches interference on water level actual value, the canonical parameter of designed low-pass filter is: sample frequency f
s=150Hz, cut-off frequecy of passband f
p=5Hz, stopband initial frequency f
st=15Hz, stopband attenuation is not less than-50dB, and window function type adopts Hamming window, filter order N=30.As shown in Figure 8, the method comprises the following steps for FIR filter design and online filtering flow process:
1) finite impulse response filter is carried out to measured parameter, first the frequency characteristic Hd (e of given ideal filter
jw);
2) unit sample respo of ideal filter is calculated,
3) filter form, window function type, length of window N are set;
4) Calling MATLAB function calculating filter coefficient w (n);
5) unit sample respo h (the n)=h of filter is calculated
d(n) w (n);
6) by N number of h (n) sequence of designing stored in corresponding stored district;
7) using median-filtered result x1 as x (n) stored in corresponding stored district;
8) circulation reading h (n), x (n) value carry out convolution algorithm, try to achieve online filter result
Remote monitoring PC is also articulated in 485 networks with joint form, its man machine operation interface adopts VB Programming with Pascal Language, backstage adopts ACCESS database, each measurement point real time water level information can be shown, and it is saved in background data base automatically, and designated mobile phone customer group, sending and receiving short messages etc. are managed, can carry out easily adding subtract, inquire about, add up, report generation, the operation such as printing.Adopt RS485 bus to connect between data acquisition module and remote monitoring PC, can carry out the automatic conversion between the different communication standard of TTL/RS485/RS232 in data transfer procedure, system has good extendability.
GSM short message module TC35 is connected with PC by RS-232 serial ports, and PC controls by AT order format transmitted in both directions instruction and data reception and the transmission that gsm module carries out short message.Communication test method between this module with PC is as follows: 1) RS232 serial ports is connected.Because TC35 carries RS232 serial ports, therefore only need be connected to PC serial ports.Under the self-programmed software environment of PC side, select corresponding serial ports number, and by its optimum configurations be: baud rate 9600bps, no parity position, 8 data bit, 1 position of rest.2) parameters, connecting test.Input AT order, as returned OK, show the successful connection of computing machine and gsm module, gsm module can normally work.For realizing the function of sending and receiving short messages, needing to do following setting to gsm module: input command AT+CSCS=" UCS2 ", as returned OK, showing that the character set that terminal device uses successfully is set to " UCS2 "; Input command AT+CACA? as returned+CSCA: " <sca> ", <tosca>(wherein sca is character type SMS service center address, tosca is integer type sca address) show to search nearest SMS service center, can establish a communications link; Input command AT+CMGF=0, as returned OK, shows that short messaging mode is successfully set to PDU pattern; Input command AT+CNMI=2,1,0,0,1, return OK, show to come if any new short message, auto-returned is pointed out by gsm module.3) short message is received and dispatched.Input command AT+CMGS=X, wherein X size equals sent character number and adds 15 and represent with " UCS2 " form, the better Unicode character string of input processing send to gsm module just can perform transmission; As gsm module receives short message, then return data is reminded, and its form is :+CMTI: " SM ", <index>, PC can extract information by sending order AT+CMGR=index, and wherein index is people of unread information memory location.
In the present invention, between designated mobile phone user and system, can short message two-way interactive be carried out, i.e. the passive receive mode of user and initiatively ask for mode:
1) passive receive mode: system operators can arrange multiple timed sending time point according to actual needs in industrial computer program, when setting-up time arrives, each for this moment measurement point waterlevel data can be issued designated mobile phone customer group with short message way by system automatically.Meanwhile, system operators also can send other edited short message at any time by hand;
2) user initiatively asks for mode.At any time, cellphone subscriber also can send SMS message to the gsm module that industrial computer is plug-in, to obtain current up-to-date water level information.After user sends SMS message to gsm module, first industrial computer can carry out authentication, by replying current level immediately after authentication; If do not pass through, then can not send information further.Design like this, system maskable falls the invalid short message that unspecified persons sends, thus reduces system operation cost, improves specific aim and the validity of ship lock service.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop in the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (2)
1. a ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system, comprises upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor and lock chamber level sensor, described system also comprises data acquisition module, RS485 network, 485/232 converter, remote monitoring PC, gsm module and cellphone subscriber, described data acquisition module comprises signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C, multi-way switch, A/D change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer, power management module, button, charactron, TTL/485 change-over circuit, described upper pond level sensor, level of tail water sensor, lock chamber level sensor respectively with signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C is connected, described signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C is connected with multi-way switch input end, and multi-way switch output terminal is connected with A/D change-over circuit, described A/D change-over circuit, power management module, button, charactron is connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively, described TTL/485 change-over circuit one end is connected with single-chip microcomputer, other end access RS485 network, described 485/232 converter one end access RS485 network, another termination remote monitoring PC, described gsm module is connected with remote monitoring PC and is communicated with cellphone subscriber by cordless communication network,
Described A/D change-over circuit comprises A/D converter (101), CPLD (102), reference voltage chip (103), described A/D converter (101) model is MAX195, described CPLD (102) model is EPM7128S, described reference voltage chip (103) model is MAX6250, the AIN end of described A/D converter (101) is the input channel of simulating signal to be converted, the CLK end of described A/D converter (101) is held with the 4FPCLK of CPLD (102) and is connected, the EOC end of described A/D converter (101) is held with the EOC of CPLD (102) and is connected, the CONV end of described A/D converter (101) is held with the CONV of CPLD (102) and is connected, the DOUT end of described A/D converter (101) is held with the SDIN of CPLD (102) and is connected, the RESET termination of described A/D converter (101) receives the self calibration signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the REF end of described A/D converter (101) is held with the OUT of reference voltage chip (103) and is connected, the START termination of described CPLD (102) receives the A/D conversion starting signal that single-chip microcomputer sends, the AD of described CPLD (102)
0 ~ 7be connected with the parallel port of single-chip microcomputer,
It is characterized in that, described signal conditioning circuit A, signal conditioning circuit B, signal conditioning circuit C comprise I/V change-over circuit, follower, low-pass filter respectively, described low-pass filter is Butterworth second order form, described I/V change-over circuit input end is connected with level sensor, described I/V change-over circuit output terminal is connected with follower input end, and follower output terminal is connected with low-pass filter.
2. the filtering method of ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
1) carry out medium filtering to measured parameter, namely to measured parameter continuous sampling repeatedly, sampled value sorted, choosing intermediate value is this efficiently sampling value;
2) finite impulse response filter is carried out to measured parameter, first the frequency characteristic H of given ideal filter
d(e
jw);
3) unit sample respo of ideal filter is calculated,
4) filter form is set, window function type, length of window N parameter be: sample frequency f
s=150Hz, cut-off frequecy of passband f
p=5Hz, stopband initial frequency f
st=15Hz, stopband attenuation is not less than-50dB, and window function type adopts Hamming window, filter order N=30;
5) Calling MATLAB function calculating filter coefficient w (n);
6) unit sample respo h (the n)=h of filter is calculated
d(n) w (n);
7) by N number of h (n) sequence of designing stored in corresponding stored district;
8) using median-filtered result x1 as x (n) stored in corresponding stored district;
9) circulation reading h (n), x (n) value carry out convolution algorithm, try to achieve online filter result
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| CN201210430400.7A CN102928040B (en) | 2012-11-01 | 2012-11-01 | Ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system and filtering method |
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| CN201210430400.7A CN102928040B (en) | 2012-11-01 | 2012-11-01 | Ship lock Multi-channel water level measuring system and filtering method |
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