CN102925629A - Induction furnace dephosphorization method adopting top and bottom blowing - Google Patents

Induction furnace dephosphorization method adopting top and bottom blowing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102925629A
CN102925629A CN2012104491484A CN201210449148A CN102925629A CN 102925629 A CN102925629 A CN 102925629A CN 2012104491484 A CN2012104491484 A CN 2012104491484A CN 201210449148 A CN201210449148 A CN 201210449148A CN 102925629 A CN102925629 A CN 102925629A
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Prior art keywords
oxygen
blowing
steel
nitrogen
per ton
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Inventor
区铁
朱万军
杨成威
曹同友
齐江华
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Wuhan Iron and Steel Group Corp
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Wuhan Iron and Steel Group Corp
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Priority to CN2012104491484A priority Critical patent/CN102925629A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Abstract

The invention discloses an induction furnace dephosphorization method adopting top and bottom blowing. The method comprises the steps of filling materials, melting, smelting through top oxygen blowing, stopping top oxygen blowing when time of the oxygen blowing reaches 34%-36% of the oxygen-feeding time of the whole journey, discharging slag, continuing the top oxygen blowing, blowing argon or oxygen from the bottom of the furnace when the time of the oxygen blowing reaches 75% of the oxygen-feeding time of the whole journey, stopping the top blowing when smelting reaches a range of steel liquid carbon target range, increasing intensity of bottom blowing, discharging the slag and deoxidizing normally, and tapping steel and finishing billets. The method can solve the problem of dephosphorization or peroxidation caused by carbon- phosphorus reaction competitive oxidation. By means of low-temperature slag discharge, dephosphorization loading is reduced. By means of inert gas top and bottom blowing, the peroxidation in a smelting pool is restrained so that steel liquid phosphorus content at the end point reduces to 0.0050-0.0080wt.%, dissolved oxygen content is less than 0.060wt.%, and nitrogen content is less than 0.0020wt.%. Steel cleanliness is greatly improved. Non-fluorite slagging is adopted during a smelting process, so pollution of fluorine-containing slag to the environment is eliminated.

Description

A kind of induction furnace dephosphorizing method that adopts top and bottom blowing
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control of impurity in the Metal smelting, specifically belong to a kind of induction furnace dephosphorizing method that adopts top and bottom blowing.
Background technology
Oxide inclusion and phosphorus content are very harmful to the quality and performance of steel in the steel, overcoming these defectives at first needs by the steel-making means oxygen content in steel, phosphorus content to be reduced to the level of user's needs, and the synchronous molten bath peroxidation of inhibition and dephosphorization, reduces production costs.
But there is the competitive oxidation of carbon-phosphorus reaction in steelmaking process, and the high-carbon regions that causes being in the hypoxemia position is not suitable for deep dephosphorization; Blowing soft steel target temperature is unfavorable to dephosphorization again, and also there is the molten bath peroxidation in dephosphorizing process, and Clean Steel can not be satisfied to suboxide and the requirement that suppresses back sulphur in the hyperoxia position that terminal point reaches.On the other hand, smelting operation is usually adopted large quantity of slag dephosphorization and desulfurization and is added fluorite promotionization slag, causes fluorine-containing slag contaminate environment and supplies consumption to be increased, and also directly has influence on quality and the cost of steel.
These problems and the shortcoming that exist in order to overcome steelmaking process, iron and steel enterprise improves technology and the method for STEELMAKING PRODUCTION efficient and has carried out many research and probes smelting hypoxemia, low-phosphorous Clean Steel.
Through preliminary search:
China's number of applying for a patent is in the document of CN201010575366.3, the stainless deoxidation and reduction method of a kind of converter smelting is disclosed, its dephosphorization molten iron with P≤0.025% is blended into converter, be blown into oxygen and nitrogen (throughput ratio 1: 2.53) decarburization and heat up, add high carbon ferro-chrome, ferromanganese, lime and light dolomite in batches; At reduction phase, add pure silicon, fluorite nitrogen flushing stirring, make Cr2O3 in the slag≤0.5%.
China's number of applying for a patent is the document of C N201010577633.0, also discloses a kind of method of top and bottom blown converter smelting stainless steel, and it is smelted step and comprises: molten iron is blended into top and bottom combined blown converter; Add the chrome ore pressure ball and carry out the bottom blowing of oxygen top or nitrogen bottom blowing; Add ferromanganese ferrochrome, top blowing oxygen and BOTTOM OXYGEN or argon or nitrogen according to steel grade; Stop top blowing oxygen during carbon content 0.25～0.45%; BOTTOM OXYGEN 0.20～0.60Nm3/tmin, BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING or nitrogen; Stop oxygen, a BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING or nitrogen gas stirring; Add ferrosilicon, lime or fluorite reduction; Adding the alloy furnishing after the reduction divides.
Above-mentioned two kinds of prior aries all stress the top and bottom blown converter smelting stainless steel, and target is to improve the recovery rate of chromium, but its reduction process causes the slag rephosphorization, is difficult to produce Low-phosphorus Steel, need to adopt pre-dephosphorization molten iron smelting, and whole flow process production cost is high.
China's number of applying for a patent is the document of CN200910264035.5, has proposed the method for a kind of induction furnace steel-smelting dephosphorization and desulfurization.The method is after the furnace charge fusing, and the dephosphorizing agent that adopts lime-ferric oxide-boric anhydride to form carries out dephosphorization treatment to molten steel; After the dephosphorization task was finished, thoroughly slagging-off made molten steel heating to 1500-1600 ℃ of scope, carries out deoxidation alloying again, then adds sweetening agent and carries out desulfurization.The method can be controlled at the phosphorus content in the molten steel below 0.01%, but needs to adopt the dephosphorizing agent of lime-ferric oxide-boric anhydride composition; Owing to not having the steps such as top blowing oxygen process and deslagging, not being suitable for the process that molten iron smelting is become molten steel.
China's number of applying for a patent is the document of CN 97116979.9, discloses a kind of pre-dephosporizing method for molten iron.Carry out top blowing oxygen and bottom blowing nitrogen is smelted based on the container of top bottom blowing function, it is that the high alkalinity synthetic slag of CaO 50 ~ 70%, ferriferous oxide 15 ~ 35% and CaF2 5 ~ 15% comes dephosphorization that its characteristics mainly are to add chemical composition.The dephosphorization of molten iron rate of the method reaches 85 ~ 90%, but has increased the synthetic slag cost; Do not relate to selective deslagging and the bottom blowing of rare gas element top, easily cause later stage rephosphorization and dephosphorization peroxidation yet.
China's number of applying for a patent is in the document of CN201110277431.9, a kind of method of testing with induction furnace steel-smelting has been proposed, it stirs by molten metal being implemented top blowing oxygen decarburization intensification, flux slag making and bottom blowing nitrogen/argon gas, can overcome the deficiency that common induction furnace is smelted function and efficient.But the deficiency of this scheme is also that initial smelting period high-carbon dephosphorization difficulty, quantity of slag load are large, the easy rephosphorization of later stage slag, peroxidation, affect degree of cleaning and the recovery rate of steel, improves merely Bottom Blowing Gas Flow Rate and also has shortening bottom blowing element life problems.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and adopt the top and bottom blowing dephosphorization in a kind of induction furnace and suppress snperoxiaized method, can solve the snperoxiaized deficiency in deep dephosphorization and molten bath, thereby improve Cleanliness of Molten Steel and steel-making efficient, reduce production costs.
Realize the measure of above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of induction furnace dephosphorizing method that adopts top and bottom blowing, its step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3～3.5Nm per ton 3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 44～48 per ton
Kg, the rhombspar quantity of adding is 12～14 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 34～36% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging: bed drain purge is 50～70% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3～3.5 Nm per ton 3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 75% after, begin to be blown into argon gas or nitrogen from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel per ton
0.06～0.10 Nm 3/ min; And add argon gas or nitrogen and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of argon gas or nitrogen is steel 0.20～0.25 Nm per ton 3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO 2Massfraction) is controlled at 2.7～3.2;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.11～0.13 Nm per ton 3/ min is blown into argon gas or nitrogen, finishes behind processing 3～5min
Bottom blowing;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
It is characterized in that: when smelting low-phosphorous nitrogenous steel, be blown into to such an extent that be nitrogen from the bottom, what be blown at the top is the mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen.
Adopt beneficial effect of the present invention
The invention provides a kind of method low-phosphorous and the hypoxemia molten steel of smelting, can overcome dephosphorization and peroxidation contradiction that carbon-the phosphorus reaction competitive oxidation causes, reduce the dephosphorization load through the low temperature deslagging, adopt argon or the bottom blowing of nitrogen top to suppress the molten bath peroxidation, make endpoint molten steel phosphorus be down to 0.0050 ~ 0.0080 wT.%, dissolved oxygen content≤0.060 wT.%, nitrogen content≤0.0020 wT.%, the steel degree of cleaning significantly improve; Smelting process adopts non-fluorite slag making also to eliminate fluorine-containing slag to the pollution of environment.In addition, adopt nitrogen top bottom blowing pattern to obtain nitrogen content greater than 0.0050 wThe nitrogenous steel production effect of t% has been saved the cost of nitro-alloy or nitrogen lime.
Embodiment
The below is described in detail the present invention:
Embodiment 1(is low-phosphorous low-oxygen steel)
It smelts step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3 Nm per ton 3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 44Kg per ton, adds
The rhombspar quantity that enters is 12 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 34% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging, bed drain purge is 50% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3 Nm per ton 3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 75% the time, begin to be blown into argon gas from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel 0.06 Nm per ton 3
/ min; And add argon gas and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of argon gas is steel 0.22 Nm per ton 3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO 2Massfraction) be 2.7;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.12 Nm per ton 3/ min is blown into argon gas, finishes bottom blowing behind the processing 3min;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
After testing, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is 0.0080 wT.%, dissolved oxygen content 0.060 wT.%, nitrogen content 0.0015 wT.%.
Embodiment 2(is low-phosphorous low-oxygen steel)
It smelts step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.5 Nm per ton 3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 48Kg per ton, adds
The rhombspar quantity that enters is 14 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 36% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging, bed drain purge is 70% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.5 Nm per ton 3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 78% the time, begin to be blown into argon gas from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel 0.10 Nm per ton 3/
Min; And add argon gas and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of argon gas is steel 0.25 Nm per ton 3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO 2Massfraction) be 3.2;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.13 Nm per ton 3/ min is blown into argon gas, finishes bottom blowing behind the processing 5min;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
After testing, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is 0.0050 wT.%, dissolved oxygen content 0.050 wT.%, nitrogen content 0.0012 wT.%.
Embodiment 3(is low-phosphorous low-oxygen steel) it smelts step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.4 Nm per ton 3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 46 Kg per ton, adds
Rhombspar quantity be 13 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 35% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging: bed drain purge is 60% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.4 Nm per ton 3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 76% the time, begin to be blown into argon gas from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel 0.075 Nm per ton 3
/ min; And add nitrogen and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of nitrogen is steel 0.22 Nm per ton 3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO 2Massfraction) be 3.0;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.12 Nm per ton 3/ min is blown into argon gas, finishes bottom blowing after processing 4 min;
After testing, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is 0.0070 wT.%, dissolved oxygen content 0.0450 wT.%, nitrogen content 0.0020 wT.%.
Embodiment 4(is low-phosphorous hypoxemia nitrogenous steel)
It smelts step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3 Nm per ton 3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 45 Kg per ton, adds
The rhombspar quantity that enters is 12 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 34% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging, bed drain purge is 60% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3 Nm per ton 3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 76% the time, begin to be blown into nitrogen from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel 0.08 per ton
Nm 3/ min; And add nitrogen and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of nitrogen is steel 0.21 Nm per ton 3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO 2Massfraction) be 2.8;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.11 Nm per ton 3/ min is blown into nitrogen, finishes bottom blowing after processing 3 min;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
After testing, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is 0.0060 wT.%, dissolved oxygen content 0.052 wT.%, nitrogen content 0.0050 wT.%.
Embodiment 5(is low-phosphorous hypoxemia nitrogenous steel)
It smelts step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.5 Nm per ton 3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 48Kg per ton, adds
The rhombspar quantity that enters is 14 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 36% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging, bed drain purge is 70% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.5 Nm per ton 3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 78% the time, begin to be blown into nitrogen from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel 0.090 Nm per ton 3
/ min; And add nitrogen and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of nitrogen is steel 0.23 Nm per ton 3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO 2Massfraction) be 3.1;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.13 Nm per ton 3/ min is blown into nitrogen, finishes bottom blowing after processing 4 min;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
After testing, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is 0.0075 wT.%, dissolved oxygen content 0.050 wT.%, nitrogen content 0.0060 wT.%.
Above-mentioned example be embodiment the typical case for example, but be not to be restriction to embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. induction furnace dephosphorizing method that adopts top and bottom blowing, its step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3～3.5Nm per ton 3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 44～48 per ton
Kg, the rhombspar quantity of adding is 12～14 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 34～36% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging: bed drain purge is 50～70% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3～3.5 Nm per ton 3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 75% after, begin to be blown into argon gas or nitrogen from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel per ton
0.06～0.10 Nm 3/ min; And add argon gas or nitrogen and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of argon gas or nitrogen is steel 0.20～0.25 Nm per ton 3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO 2Massfraction) is controlled at 2.7～3.2;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.11～0.13 Nm per ton 3/ min is blown into argon gas or nitrogen, finishes behind processing 3～5min
Bottom blowing;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
2. a kind of induction furnace dephosphorizing method that adopts top and bottom blowing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: when smelting low-phosphorous nitrogenous steel, what be blown into from the bottom is nitrogen, and what be blown at the top is the mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen.
CN2012104491484A 2012-11-12 2012-11-12 Induction furnace dephosphorization method adopting top and bottom blowing Pending CN102925629A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103451350A (en) * 2013-08-13 2013-12-18 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Method for controlling nitrogen content in molten steel
CN110218841A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-09-10 武汉钢铁有限公司 A kind of method of producing ultra-low phosphorous steel by converter
CN111208259A (en) * 2018-11-06 2020-05-29 宝钢特钢有限公司 Slag-metal reaction simulation test device and method for continuous casting crystallizer casting powder

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103451350A (en) * 2013-08-13 2013-12-18 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Method for controlling nitrogen content in molten steel
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CN111208259A (en) * 2018-11-06 2020-05-29 宝钢特钢有限公司 Slag-metal reaction simulation test device and method for continuous casting crystallizer casting powder
CN111208259B (en) * 2018-11-06 2022-03-22 宝武特种冶金有限公司 Slag-metal reaction simulation test device and method for continuous casting crystallizer casting powder
CN110218841A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-09-10 武汉钢铁有限公司 A kind of method of producing ultra-low phosphorous steel by converter

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Application publication date: 20130213