CN102936638A - Induction furnace dephosphorizing method by top and bottom blowing - Google Patents
Induction furnace dephosphorizing method by top and bottom blowing Download PDFInfo
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- CN102936638A CN102936638A CN2012104447284A CN201210444728A CN102936638A CN 102936638 A CN102936638 A CN 102936638A CN 2012104447284 A CN2012104447284 A CN 2012104447284A CN 201210444728 A CN201210444728 A CN 201210444728A CN 102936638 A CN102936638 A CN 102936638A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an induction furnace dephosphorizing method by top and bottom blowing. The method includes the steps that loading and melting are performed; top blowing oxygen smelting is performed, and when the oxygen blowing is performed for 34-36% of whole oxygen supply time, the top blowing oxygen is stopped; slagging is performed; the top blowing oxygen is continuously performed; when the oxygen blowing is performed for 75% of the whole oxygen supply time, argon or nitrogen is started to be blown into the furnace from the bottom; when the smelting is performed to reach to liquid steel target carbon content range, the top blowing is finished; the bottom blowing intensity is enhanced; and conventional slag removal and deoxidation are performed, and tapping is performed to form billets. By means of the method, the dephosphorization and peroxidation contradictions caused by carbon-phosphorus reaction competition oxidation can be overcome, dephosphorizing load is reduced through slag removal at the low temperatrure, the molten bath peroxidation is restrained through inert gas top and bottom blowing, thereby the end liquid steel phosphorus content is reduced to 0.0050-0.0080wt. %, the dissolved oxygen content is lower than 0.060wt. %, the nitrogen content is lower than 0.0020wt. %, the steel clean degree is substantially improved, non-fluorite slagging is utilized in the smelting process to eliminate pollution of fluoride-containing slag to environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control of impurity in the Metal smelting, specifically belong to a kind of induction furnace dephosphorizing method that adopts top and bottom blowing.
Background technology
Oxide inclusion and phosphorus content are very harmful to the quality and performance of steel in the steel, overcoming these defectives at first needs by the steel-making means oxygen content in steel, phosphorus content to be reduced to the level of user's needs, and the synchronous molten bath peroxidation of inhibition and dephosphorization, reduces production costs.
But there is the competitive oxidation of carbon-phosphorus reaction in steelmaking process, and the high-carbon regions that causes being in the hypoxemia position is not suitable for deep dephosphorization; Blowing soft steel target temperature is unfavorable to dephosphorization again, and also there is the molten bath peroxidation in dephosphorizing process, and Clean Steel can not be satisfied to suboxide and the requirement that suppresses back sulphur in the hyperoxia position that terminal point reaches.On the other hand, smelting operation is usually adopted large quantity of slag dephosphorization and desulfurization and is added fluorite promotionization slag, causes fluorine-containing slag contaminate environment and supplies consumption to be increased, and also directly has influence on quality and the cost of steel.
These problems and the shortcoming that exist in order to overcome steelmaking process, iron and steel enterprise improves technology and the method for STEELMAKING PRODUCTION efficient and has carried out many research and probes smelting hypoxemia, low-phosphorous Clean Steel.
Through preliminary search:
China's number of applying for a patent is in the document of CN201010575366.3, the stainless deoxidation and reduction method of a kind of converter smelting is disclosed, its dephosphorization molten iron with P≤0.025% is blended into converter, be blown into oxygen and nitrogen (throughput ratio 1: 2.53) decarburization and heat up, add high carbon ferro-chrome, ferromanganese, lime and light dolomite in batches; At reduction phase, add pure silicon, fluorite nitrogen flushing stirring, make Cr2O3 in the slag≤0.5%.
China's number of applying for a patent is the document of C N201010577633.0, also discloses a kind of method of top and bottom blown converter smelting stainless steel, and it is smelted step and comprises: molten iron is blended into top and bottom combined blown converter; Add the chrome ore pressure ball and carry out the bottom blowing of oxygen top or nitrogen bottom blowing; Add ferromanganese ferrochrome, top blowing oxygen and BOTTOM OXYGEN or argon or nitrogen according to steel grade; Stop top blowing oxygen during carbon content 0.25～0.45%; BOTTOM OXYGEN 0.20～0.60Nm3/tmin, BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING or nitrogen; Stop oxygen, a BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING or nitrogen gas stirring; Add ferrosilicon, lime or fluorite reduction; Adding the alloy furnishing after the reduction divides.
Above-mentioned two kinds of prior aries all stress the top and bottom blown converter smelting stainless steel, and target is to improve the recovery rate of chromium, but its reduction process causes the slag rephosphorization, is difficult to produce Low-phosphorus Steel, need to adopt pre-dephosphorization molten iron smelting, and whole flow process production cost is high.
China's number of applying for a patent is the document of CN200910264035.5, has proposed the method for a kind of induction furnace steel-smelting dephosphorization and desulfurization.The method is after the furnace charge fusing, and the dephosphorizing agent that adopts lime-ferric oxide-boric anhydride to form carries out dephosphorization treatment to molten steel; After the dephosphorization task was finished, thoroughly slagging-off made molten steel heating to 1500-1600 ℃ of scope, carries out deoxidation alloying again, then adds sweetening agent and carries out desulfurization.The method can be controlled at the phosphorus content in the molten steel below 0.01%, but needs to adopt the dephosphorizing agent of lime-ferric oxide-boric anhydride composition; Owing to do not have the steps such as top blowing oxygen process and deslagging, be not suitable for the process that molten iron smelting is become molten steel.
China's number of applying for a patent is the document of CN 97116979.9, discloses a kind of pre-dephosporizing method for molten iron.Carry out top blowing oxygen and bottom blowing nitrogen is smelted based on the container of top bottom blowing function, it is that the high alkalinity synthetic slag of CaO 50 ~ 70%, ferriferous oxide 15 ~ 35% and CaF2 5 ~ 15% comes dephosphorization that its characteristics mainly are to add chemical ingredients.The dephosphorization of molten iron rate of the method reaches 85 ~ 90%, but has increased the synthetic slag cost; Do not relate to selective deslagging and the bottom blowing of rare gas element top, cause easily later stage rephosphorization and dephosphorization peroxidation yet.
China's number of applying for a patent is in the document of CN201110277431.9, a kind of method of testing with induction furnace steel-smelting has been proposed, it stirs by molten metal being implemented top blowing oxygen decarburization intensification, flux slag making and bottom blowing nitrogen/argon gas, can overcome the deficiency that common induction furnace is smelted function and efficient.But the deficiency of this scheme is also that initial smelting period high-carbon dephosphorization difficulty, quantity of slag load are large, the easy rephosphorization of later stage slag, peroxidation, affect degree of cleaning and the recovery rate of steel, improves merely Bottom Blowing Gas Flow Rate and also has shortening bottom blowing element life problems.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and adopt the top and bottom blowing dephosphorization in a kind of induction furnace and suppress snperoxiaized method, can solve the snperoxiaized deficiency in deep dephosphorization and molten bath, thereby improve Cleanliness of Molten Steel and steel-making efficient, reduce production costs.
Realize the measure of above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of induction furnace dephosphorizing method that adopts top and bottom blowing, its step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3～3.5Nm per ton
3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 44～48 per ton
Kg, the rhombspar quantity of adding is 12～14 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 34～36% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging: bed drain purge is 50～70% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3～3.5 Nm per ton
3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 75% after, begin to be blown into argon gas or nitrogen from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel per ton
0.06～0.10 Nm
3/ min; And add argon gas or nitrogen and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of argon gas or nitrogen is steel 0.20～0.25 Nm per ton
3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO2 massfraction) is controlled at 2.7～3.2;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.11～0.13 Nm per ton
3/ min is blown into argon gas or nitrogen, finishes behind processing 3～5min
Bottom blowing;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
It is characterized in that: when smelting low-phosphorous nitrogenous steel, omnidistance oxygen supply time 75% after, be blown into nitrogen from the bottom, blow at the top
What enter is the mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen.
Adopt beneficial effect of the present invention
The invention provides a kind of method low-phosphorous and the hypoxemia molten steel of smelting, can overcome dephosphorization and peroxidation contradiction that carbon-the phosphorus reaction competitive oxidation causes, reduce the dephosphorization load through the low temperature deslagging, adopt argon or the bottom blowing of nitrogen top to suppress the molten bath peroxidation, make endpoint molten steel phosphorus be down to 0.0050 ~ 0.0080
wT.%, dissolved oxygen content≤0.060
wT.%, nitrogen content≤0.0020
wT.%, the steel degree of cleaning significantly improve; Smelting process adopts non-fluorite slag making also to eliminate fluorine-containing slag to the pollution of environment.In addition, adopt nitrogen top bottom blowing pattern to obtain nitrogen content greater than 0.0050
wThe nitrogenous steel production effect of t% has been saved the cost of nitro-alloy or nitrogen lime.
Embodiment
The below is described in detail the present invention:
Embodiment 1(is low-phosphorous low-oxygen steel)
It smelts step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3 Nm per ton
3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 44Kg per ton, adds
The rhombspar quantity that enters is 12 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 34% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging, bed drain purge is 50% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3 Nm per ton
3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 75% the time, begin to be blown into argon gas from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel 0.06 Nm per ton
3
/ min; And add argon gas and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of argon gas is steel 0.22 Nm per ton
3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO2 massfraction) is 2.7;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.12 Nm per ton
3/ min is blown into argon gas, finishes bottom blowing behind the processing 3min;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
After testing, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is 0.0080
wT.%, dissolved oxygen content 0.060
wT.%, nitrogen content 0.0015
wT.%.
Embodiment 2(is low-phosphorous low-oxygen steel)
It smelts step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.5 Nm per ton
3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 48Kg per ton, adds
The rhombspar quantity that enters is 14 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 36% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging, bed drain purge is 70% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.5 Nm per ton
3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 78% the time, begin to be blown into argon gas from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel 0.10 Nm per ton
3/
Min; And add argon gas and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of argon gas is steel 0.25 Nm per ton
3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO2 massfraction) is 3.2;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.13 Nm per ton
3/ min is blown into argon gas, finishes bottom blowing behind the processing 5min;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
After testing, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is 0.0050
wT.%, dissolved oxygen content 0.050
wT.%, nitrogen content 0.0012
wT.%.
Embodiment 3(is low-phosphorous low-oxygen steel) it smelts step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.4 Nm per ton
3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 46 Kg per ton, adds
Rhombspar quantity be 13 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 35% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging: bed drain purge is 60% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.4 Nm per ton
3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 76% the time, begin to be blown into argon gas from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel 0.075 Nm per ton
3
/ min; And add nitrogen and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of nitrogen is steel 0.22 Nm per ton
3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO2 massfraction) is 3.0;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.12 Nm per ton
3/ min is blown into argon gas, finishes bottom blowing after processing 4 min;
After testing, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is 0.0070
wT.%, dissolved oxygen content 0.0450
wT.%, nitrogen content 0.0020
wT.%.
Embodiment 4(is low-phosphorous hypoxemia nitrogenous steel)
It smelts step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3 Nm per ton
3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 45 Kg per ton, adds
The rhombspar quantity that enters is 12 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 34% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging, bed drain purge is 60% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.3 Nm per ton
3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 76% the time, begin to be blown into nitrogen from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel 0.08 per ton
Nm
3/ min; And add nitrogen and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of nitrogen is steel 0.21 Nm per ton
3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO2 massfraction) is 2.8;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.11 Nm per ton
3/ min is blown into nitrogen, finishes bottom blowing after processing 3 min;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
After testing, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is 0.0060
wT.%, dissolved oxygen content 0.052
wT.%, nitrogen content 0.0050
wT.%.
Embodiment 5(is low-phosphorous hypoxemia nitrogenous steel)
It smelts step:
1) charging fusing;
2) carrying out top blowing oxygen smelts: oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.5 Nm per ton
3/ min, the lime quantity of adding is steel 48Kg per ton, adds
The rhombspar quantity that enters is 14 Kg; When oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 36% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging, bed drain purge is 70% of total quantity of slag;
4) continue top blowing oxygen behind the deslagging, oxygen supply intensity is steel 3.5 Nm per ton
3/ min;
5) when oxygen blowing to omnidistance oxygen supply time 78% the time, begin to be blown into nitrogen from the bottom, bottom blowing intensity is steel 0.090 Nm per ton
3
/ min; And add nitrogen and oxygen mix at the top and be blown into, the top blast intensity of nitrogen is steel 0.23 Nm per ton
3/ min;
6) when molten metal is smelted molten steel aim carbon content range, finish top blast, slag dual alkalinity (CaO massfraction)/
(SiO2 massfraction) is 3.1;
7) increase bottom blowing intensity, according to steel 0.13 Nm per ton
3/ min is blown into nitrogen, finishes bottom blowing after processing 4 min;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
After testing, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is 0.0075
wT.%, dissolved oxygen content 0.050
wT.%, nitrogen content 0.0060
wT.%.
Above-mentioned example be embodiment the typical case for example, but be not to be restriction to embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. induction furnace dephosphorizing method that adopts top and bottom blowing, its step:
1) charging is smelted;
2) carry out top blowing oxygen, and add Wingdale according to 46～50gk/ ton steel, add rhombspar according to 14～16gk/ ton steel; Blowing oxygen quantity is 3.3～3.5Nm
3/ min; When oxygen blast to omnidistance oxygen supply time 34～36% the time, stop top blowing oxygen;
3) carry out deslagging, bed drain purge is 50～70% of total quantity of slag;
4) again according to 3.3～3.5Nm
3/ min carries out top blowing oxygen;
5) when oxygen blast to omnidistance oxygen supply time 75% after, begin to carry out the bottom and be blown into argon gas or nitrogen, the amount of being blown into is 0.06～0.1Nm
3/ min; And add argon gas or nitrogen at the top and mix with oxygen and be blown into, the add-on of argon gas or nitrogen is 0.2～0.25Nm
3/ min;
6) when smelting to target C content, finish top blast; Dual alkalinity in the slag of this moment is controlled at 2.7～3.2;
7) strengthen argon gas or the nitrogen amount that the bottom is blown into, namely according to 0.11～0.12Nm
3/ min is blown into, and duration of blast is controlled at 3～5min to be finished;
8) carry out routine slagging-off, deoxidation, and tap into base.
2. a kind of induction furnace dephosphorizing method that adopts top and bottom blowing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: when blowing contained the N steel, the top is blown into was oxygen and nitrogen, and it is whole that the bottom is blown into is nitrogen.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210444728.4A CN102936638B (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Induction furnace dephosphorizing method by top and bottom blowing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210444728.4A CN102936638B (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2012-11-09 | Induction furnace dephosphorizing method by top and bottom blowing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102936638A true CN102936638A (en) | 2013-02-20 |
| CN102936638B CN102936638B (en) | 2014-05-28 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102925629A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-13 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Induction furnace dephosphorization method adopting top and bottom blowing |
| CN105950816A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-21 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Combined blowing dephosphorization method of converter |
| WO2017153428A1 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2017-09-14 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Dephosphorization device |
| FR3107896A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-10 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Dephosphorization slag |
| WO2021176024A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-10 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Dephosphorization slag |
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| CN1552919A (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-08 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Converter oxide and nitrogen top-blown dephosphorizing method |
| CN102321783A (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2012-01-18 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Steel-making method of experimental induction furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1552919A (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-08 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Converter oxide and nitrogen top-blown dephosphorizing method |
| CN102321783A (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2012-01-18 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Steel-making method of experimental induction furnace |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102925629A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-13 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Induction furnace dephosphorization method adopting top and bottom blowing |
| WO2017153428A1 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2017-09-14 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Dephosphorization device |
| CN105950816A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-21 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Combined blowing dephosphorization method of converter |
| FR3107896A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-10 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Dephosphorization slag |
| WO2021176024A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-10 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Dephosphorization slag |
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|---|---|
| CN102936638B (en) | 2014-05-28 |
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Effective date of registration: 20170711 Address after: 430083 Qingshan District, Hubei, Wuhan factory before the door No. 2 Patentee after: Wuhan iron and Steel Company Limited Address before: 430080 Wuhan, Hubei Friendship Road, No. 999, Wuchang Patentee before: Wuhan Iron & Steel (Group) Corp. |
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