CN102925176B - Rapid carbonization mass separation technology for low-rank coal - Google Patents
Rapid carbonization mass separation technology for low-rank coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN102925176B CN102925176B CN201210375533.9A CN201210375533A CN102925176B CN 102925176 B CN102925176 B CN 102925176B CN 201210375533 A CN201210375533 A CN 201210375533A CN 102925176 B CN102925176 B CN 102925176B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid carbonization mass separation technology for low-rank coal, which comprises the following steps: generating coal gas by a coal gas source; after dedusting and purifying the coal gas by a dust remover, taking one part of the coal gas as a quality separation carrier for use, making the other part of the coal gas enter into a gas fired furnace for combustion to generate high temperature flue gas the temperature of which is 600-900 DEG C, and heating the quality separation carrier to reach the process temperature of 480-680 DEG C by the high temperature flue gas; sending the heated quality separation carrier to a unit multistage fast pyrolysis device, elevating low-rank coal particles to a feed mechanism by a coal elevator in the mean time, respectively sending the low-rank coal in different particle sizes to the multistage distribution plates of the unit multistage fast pyrolysis device by the feed mechanism, carrying out carbonization quality separation, and sending out semicoke; separating out tar from the coal gas, and recovering the residual coal gas. The rapid carbonization mass separation technology has the advantages that the process is safe, the equipment is simple, the operation is easy, and continuous operation is achieved; the carbonization quality separation of the low-rank coal is thorough, the use values of the low-rank coal is increased, and dust and sulfur-containing glue gas discharge is almost zero; and part of the generated coal gas is recovered to be circularly used in the process, so that the energy is saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy processing technique field, particularly relate to a kind of technique for low-rank coal fast charring sub-prime, be applicable to the charing sub-prime of low-rank coal.
Background technology
Low-rank coal is the younger pit coal that degree of coalification is minimum.The world energy sources investigation demonstration of world energy sources council issue in 2010, global low-rank coal reserves are about 4,000,000,000,000 tons, account for 40% to 50% of global coal reserves.China's low-rank coal accounts for 11 .5% of global low-rank coal reserves, and the ratio that accounts for the whole coal reservess of China reaches 46%, and wherein, brown coal accounting is 13%, and lower-grade metamorphic bituminous accounting is 33%.
The relatively low and economic worth of the energy content of low-rank coal is well below high-order coal, and ubiquity moisture is high, and volatile matter is high, combustion heat value is low, and easily spontaneous combustion is difficult for the shortcomings such as long-distance transport, its effective rate of utilization is low, is seldom utilized all the time, in China, is mainly used in the near coal-mine direct generation of electricity.Since entering 21 century, along with the draining off of oil, people intersect at sight on coal again again.Efficient, the safe utilization of low-rank coal has also just obtained people's attention naturally.Have expert to think, if use coal optimisation technique optimize low-rank coal and be applied to power industry, the power supply amount of China is expected to be doubled.The advanced large-scale low-rank coal optimization of exploitation utilizes technique, device, and accomplishes scale production, and for the utilization ratio that improves low-rank coal, reduces low-rank coal transportation cost, and raising security etc. are all significant.
The modification charing sub-prime method of pyrolysis, low-rank coal, at the temperature of 300～900 degree, has experienced a series of variations, generates the modified coal or semicoke, coal gas and the tar that there are relatively big difference with raw coal character.Domestic and international existing low-rank coal sub-prime technology mainly contains: 1.LFC technique; 2. multistage rotary kiln; 3. technique band oven drying and upgrading technology; 4. the quick process for upgrading of fluidized-bed.
Present stage the charing sub-prime technology ubiquity equipment of China's low-rank coal complicated, investment is large, energy consumption is high, efficiency is low, be difficult to realize the problems such as continuous large-scale production.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing for prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of and can produces continuously, environmental protection, safety, energy utilization rate is high, the technique for low-rank coal fast charring sub-prime that product added value is high.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme as follows:
A kind of technique for low-rank coal fast charring sub-prime: produce coal gas by coal gas source, and coal gas is delivered to fly-ash separator, coal gas is after the first gas dust remover udst separation, a part is used as sub-prime carrier, another part enters gas fired furnace burning and produces the high-temperature flue gas that temperature is 600～900 degree, high-temperature flue gas enters interchanger and the heat exchange of sub-prime carrier, sub-prime carrier is heated to the technological temperature of 480～680 degree, high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is through the discharge after purifying of a flue gas blower fan part, and another part returns to gas fired furnace and uses as distribution, sub-prime carrier is heated to predetermined technological temperature and delivers to the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus in unit by coal gas of high temperature blower fan, coal charge lift is promoted to feed mechanism by low-rank coal particle simultaneously, varigrained low-rank coal is delivered to respectively on the multistage grid distributor of the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus in unit through feed mechanism, low-rank coal fast charring sub-prime under the vibration interaction of sub-prime carrier (coal gas of high temperature) and the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus in unit, one of its product semicoke is sent to the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus discharge port in unit, falling into semicoke refrigerator is cooled to below 200 degree, by rotary conveyor, deliver to semicoke storage tank or semicoke coal charger, low-rank coal charing sub-prime product coal gas enters coal gas primary cooler after the second gas dust remover dedusting, tentatively separate out a part of tar, coal gas enters horizontal water-tube cooler and separates out residue tar subsequently, residual gas is cooled to the following rear portion of 38 degree and delivers to gaspipe network (for chemical plant or user) through normal temperature gas fan, the sub-prime carrier transport pipe that a part is sent this technique back to continues to serve as sub-prime carrier, and the gas fired furnace that a part is delivered to this technique participates in burning, separate out after tar enters the separation of tar ammonia separator tank and remove ammoniacal liquor, then enter tar storage tank, finally deliver to tar waggon.
Low-rank coal grain graininess of the present invention is 1～40mm;
Coal gas of the present invention enters coal gas primary cooler after the second gas dust remover dedusting, continues to use after removing the dust be no less than 98wt%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Process safety of the present invention, equipment are simple, easy handling, realized continuous operations; Sub-prime product tar is all sent after refrigerating unit is separated out, purified; Low-rank coal charing sub-prime is thorough, has increased low-rank coal utility value, and discharge dust and sulfur-containing smoke gas are almost nil; In the coal gas part reuse technology producing in technique of the present invention, recycle, saved the energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
In figure: 1-fume emission stove, 2-flue gas blower fan, 3-interchanger, 4-coal charge lift, 5-feed mechanism, the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus in 6-unit, 7-semicoke refrigerator, 8-rotary conveyor, the 9-the second gas dust remover, 10-coal gas primary cooler, 11-horizontal water-tube cooler, 12-normal temperature gas fan, 13-coal gas is sent outside, 14-tar waggon, 15-tar pump, 16-tar storage tank, 17-tar ammonia separator tank, 18-coal gas of high temperature blower fan, 19-coal gas source, the 20-the first gas dust remover, 21-gas fired furnace.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the equipment using in technique of the present invention comprises coal gas source 19, the first gas dust remover 20, the second gas dust remover 9, gas fired furnace 21, interchanger 3, flue gas blower fan 2, fume emission stove 1, coal charge lift 4, feed mechanism 5, unit multistage fast charring sub-prime device 6, semicoke water cooler 7, rotary conveyor 8, fly-ash separator 9, coal gas primary cooler 10, horizontal water-tube cooler 11, normal temperature gas fan 12, tar ammonia separator tank 17, tar pump 15, tar storage tank 16, tar waggon 14, coal gas of high temperature blower fan 18.Whole 304 stainless steels that adopt of the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus in unit are made, and interchanger all adopts 310S high temperature steel to make.Concrete technology is: coal gas source produces coal gas, and coal gas is delivered to fly-ash separator, coal gas is used as sub-prime carrier through the first gas dust remover dedusting rear portion, another part enters the high-temperature flue gas that gas fired furnace burning produces 600 ~ 900 degree, high-temperature flue gas enters interchanger and the heat exchange of sub-prime carrier is heated to sub-prime carrier after the technological temperature of 480 ~ 680 degree, high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is through the discharge after purifying of a flue gas blower fan part, and another part returns to gas fired furnace and uses as distribution, sub-prime carrier is heated to preset temperature and delivers to the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus in unit by coal gas of high temperature blower fan, coal charge lift is promoted to feed mechanism by low-rank coal particle simultaneously, different grain size coal grain is delivered to respectively on the multistage grid distributor of the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus in unit through feed mechanism, low-rank coal fast charring sub-prime under the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus vibration interaction of coal gas of high temperature sub-prime carrier and unit, one of its product semicoke is delivered to the discharge port of the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus in unit, falling into semicoke refrigerator is cooled to below 200 degree, by rotary conveyor, deliver to semicoke storage tank or semicoke coal charger, low-rank coal charing sub-prime product coal gas enters coal gas primary cooler through the second gas dust remover, tentatively separate out after a part of tar, coal gas enters horizontal water-tube cooler and separates out residue tar, residual gas is cooled to the following rear portion of 38 degree and delivers to chemical plant or user through normal temperature gas fan, a part is sent this technique back to and is continued to serve as sub-prime carrier, and the gas fired furnace that a part is delivered to this technique participates in burning, separate out tar and enter the separated ammoniacal liquor of removing of tar ammonia separator tank, then enter tar storage tank, finally deliver to tar waggon and send outside.
At above-described embodiment, be the lab scale stage, 1 ton of consumption low-rank coal per hour, semicoke output reaches per hour more than 0.5 ton, coal gas 150m per hour
3, caloric power of gas is 5000 kilocalories, coal tar output is 60Kg.
By the above-mentioned lab scale stage, determine that technique of the present invention is feasible, in the pilot scale stage of building at present, object realizes serialization and produces, and for relevant preparation done in large-scale production, construction scale is 7200 tons of year consumption low-rank coal, produces 1080000 m per year
3coal gas, caloric power of gas is 5000 kilocalories; 576000Kg tar, the blue charcoal of 3600000Kg.
Claims (3)
1. the technique for low-rank coal fast charring sub-prime, it is characterized in that: by coal gas source, produce coal gas, and coal gas is delivered to fly-ash separator, coal gas is after the first gas dust remover udst separation, a part is used as sub-prime carrier, another part enters gas fired furnace burning and produces the high-temperature flue gas that temperature is 600～900 degree, and high-temperature flue gas enters interchanger and the heat exchange of sub-prime carrier, sub-prime carrier is heated to the technological temperature of 480～680 degree, high-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is through the discharge after purifying of a flue gas blower fan part, and another part returns to gas fired furnace and uses as distribution, sub-prime carrier is heated to predetermined technological temperature and delivers to the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus in unit by coal gas of high temperature blower fan, coal charge lift is promoted to feed mechanism by low-rank coal particle simultaneously, varigrained low-rank coal is delivered to respectively on the multistage grid distributor of the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus in unit through feed mechanism, low-rank coal fast charring sub-prime under the vibration interaction of the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus of sub-prime carrier and unit, one of its product semicoke is sent to the multistage rapid pyrolysis apparatus discharge port in unit, falling into semicoke refrigerator is cooled to below 200 degree, by rotary conveyor, deliver to semicoke storage tank or semicoke coal charger, low-rank coal charing sub-prime product coal gas enters coal gas primary cooler after the second gas dust remover dedusting, tentatively separate out a part of tar, coal gas enters horizontal water-tube cooler and separates out residue tar subsequently, residual gas is cooled to the following rear portion of 38 degree and delivers to gaspipe network through normal temperature gas fan, the sub-prime carrier transport pipe that a part is sent this technique back to continues to serve as sub-prime carrier, and the gas fired furnace that a part is delivered to this technique participates in burning, separate out after tar enters the separation of tar ammonia separator tank and remove ammoniacal liquor, then enter tar storage tank, finally deliver to tar waggon.
2. the technique for low-rank coal fast charring sub-prime according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described low-rank coal grain graininess is 1～40mm.
3. the technique for low-rank coal fast charring sub-prime according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described coal gas enters coal gas primary cooler after the second gas dust remover dedusting, removes the dust that is no less than 98wt%.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103160300B (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-05-07 | 华中科技大学 | Modification quality upgrading system of brown coal |
| CN104109545A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-22 | 高荣 | Process and device for carbonizing coal in indirect heating and direct gas heating ways |
| CN104296539B (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2018-05-29 | 太原嘉能动力科技有限公司 | A kind of Carbon electric calcining furnace tail gas waste heat utilizing device |
Citations (3)
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| CN101812310A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-08-25 | 河北理工大学 | High-efficiency lignite low-temperature dry distillation quality-enhancing process by using dry distillation coal gas as heat-carrying medium |
| CN201825919U (en) * | 2010-10-24 | 2011-05-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Poly-generation apparatus for pyrolyzing solid thermal carriers via low-rank coal vibrating bed |
| CN102417823A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-04-18 | 山东天力干燥股份有限公司 | Drying and dry distillation combined quality improving process and system for low rank coal |
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| JP2812870B2 (en) * | 1994-03-04 | 1998-10-22 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | High-temperature carbonization gas supply method in carbonization furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101812310A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-08-25 | 河北理工大学 | High-efficiency lignite low-temperature dry distillation quality-enhancing process by using dry distillation coal gas as heat-carrying medium |
| CN201825919U (en) * | 2010-10-24 | 2011-05-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Poly-generation apparatus for pyrolyzing solid thermal carriers via low-rank coal vibrating bed |
| CN102417823A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-04-18 | 山东天力干燥股份有限公司 | Drying and dry distillation combined quality improving process and system for low rank coal |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| JP特开平7-242876A 1995.09.19 |
| 张宗飞 等.煤热解多联产技术述评.《化肥设计》.2010,第48卷(第6期),第11-15、21页. |
| 煤热解多联产技术述评;张宗飞 等;《化肥设计》;20101231;第48卷(第6期);第11-15、21页 * |
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