High sodium coal takes off sodium decontamination cycle system
Technical field
The utility model relates to the low grade coal generating with purifying the upgrading technology, is specifically related to a kind of high sodium coal and takes off sodium decontamination cycle system.
Background technology
High sodium coal is meant one type of higher special coal of alkali metal cpd composition in the coal.In all kinds of alkali metal cpds, generally in the majority with the sodium based compound, so be referred to as " high sodium coal ".At present, the high sodium coal of China mainly concentrates on the eastern coalfield of standard of Xinjiang Junggar Basin east.Accurate eastern coalfield resources reserves reach 3,900 hundred million tons, and adding up at present to verify the coal resources reserves is 2,136 hundred million tons, and 1.4 ten thousand square kilometres of coalfield coal-forming areas are the self-contained coalfields of the current maximum of China.Calculate with present coal in China YO, just can use 100 years in the whole nation in the eastern coalfield of standard.Because resources reserve is abundant and the strip mining transformation cost is low, accurate eastern coalfield has become the hot zones of coal in China industry new round investment.
Accurate eastern coal belongs to the fat coal of special low ash content, special low-sulfur, high heating value (gross calorific value), low metamorphic grade.No matter be as generating or be used for doing the raw material of Coal Chemical Industry, all be lowly pollute, the raw material of low emission, can effectively practice thrift the treatment of wastes produced expense.Good basic substance has been laid in all the be as the criterion development of eastern geographic coal electricity and Coal Chemical Industry of these superior natural condition.Total installation of generating capacity is 1,800 ten thousand KW with regard to the generation current of Xinjiang; According to country " 12 " planning and the planning of Xinjiang the coming five years; Xinjiang will reach 100,000,000 KW in 12.5 last installed capacitys, and wherein accurate eastern coalfield is " Xin Diandong send " topmost energy safeguard base.
Accurate eastern geographic ature of coal has following characteristics: middle high-moisture; Medium calorific value; Be prone to catch fire, easy to burn out; Strong coking; High basic metal content, contamination property by force.The result of trial operation of low capacity unit shows: when accurate eastern high sodium coal is used for plant generator factory fire coal; Heating surface, economizer, air preheater contamination problem at boiler are very serious; Basic metal is also very serious to the bulk material corrosion of boiler, and deslagging is also very difficult.Therefore, strong coking has proposed great challenge with strong contamination property to the design and the operation of firing accurate eastern coal utility boiler, during the accurate eastern coal of full combustion in the boiler stove coking very serious with heating surface contamination problem, boiler can't long-time running.Trace it to its cause, these problems all with coal ash in alkali metal content higher closely related.
At present; Each electricity power enterprise of China builds the power station in area, accurate east, the eastern coal of standard that can only utilize 20-30% with mix burning after other coal is mixed, it is very limited to aim at eastern coal usage quantity like this; Again from other local high-quality fire coal of buying, increased the cost of electricity-generating of electricity power enterprise simultaneously.Aim at the exploitation in eastern coalfield and the construction in power supply base and brought difficulty, therefore be difficult to the advantage of accurate eastern coal is able to give full play to.
Other mixes the burning way in order to utilize another kind that accurate eastern high sodium coal is used to generate electricity: like the silicon that adopts blending one fixed number or aluminium sesquioxide etc.; Can adjust the ash fusion point of stove internal combustion; Can adopt accurate eastern high sodium coal in boiler, to burn more; Also can play the certain contamination that improves boiler and the problem of slagging scorification, but increase the effect of attrition boiler work-ing life of boiler simultaneously and reduced coal-fired calorific value, this makes the running cost that must increase construction investment and power plant again.
Therefore; How to reduce the alkali metal content in the accurate eastern coal, safe and economical boiler operation is over a long time guaranteed in anti-slagging scorification, contamination and corrosion; Being electricity power enterprise and other industry institute inevitable problem that uses accurate eastern coal, also is the significant challenge that the construction of base of the accurate eastern coal electricity of current development is faced.
The utility model content
The utility model technical problem to be solved provides a kind of operating safety, technology is simple, investment is little, high sodium coal that can fully effectively utilize flue gas drying and water to reclaim takes off sodium decontamination cycle system; In order to become high sodium coal in low sodium coal or not have the sodium coal, fundamentally solve problems such as coking and heating surface contamination in the stove that the high sodium coal power generation unit of combustion faced, corrosion.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of high sodium coal takes off sodium decontamination cycle system, and comprise by circulation line continuous recirculated water well heater, raw coal refining plant, mixed reactor, coal liquid separating apparatus, wastewater treatment equipment, take off sodium coal drying installation and steam heating source, wherein,
Recirculated water well heater input terminus receives recirculated water and moisturizing, and the steam pumping that receives the steam heating source heats water, and recirculated water well heater output terminal links to each other with the raw coal refining plant;
The input terminus of raw coal refining plant receives the hot water of recirculated water well heater output and high sodium raw coal after crushed; And to import respectively with acetic acid or hydrochloric acid through mixed reactor and steam heating source be the washings and the steam of major ingredient, raw coal carried out Hybrid Heating clean, take off sodium;
The coal liquid separating apparatus links to each other with the output terminal of raw coal refining plant, will take off the sodium coal and separate with coal washing waste water, will take off the sodium coal and transport to and take off sodium coal drying installation and carry out drying, coal washing waste water is transported to wastewater treatment equipment handle;
Recirculated water after the wastewater treatment equipment output terminal will be handled through recycle pump is back to the recirculated water well heater.
What of the alkali metal content in the raw coal said raw coal refining plant be according to, relevant parameter establish be for 20 ℃-350 ℃ of temperature, washing time be 3min-30min; It is 1mm-30mm that the raw coal of said raw coal refining plant input is pulverized diameter.
Said steam heating source is a METHOD FOR TURBOGENERATOR SET, through its boiler being drawn gas to realize steam supply.
The said sodium coal drying installation that takes off links to each other with the boiler of turbine driven set, provides flue gas to carry out drying to taking off the sodium coal through boiler.
The said sodium coal drying installation that takes off links to each other with the recirculated water well heater, and the exhaust steam that drying produces is reclaimed the water in the weary gas through cool water shower, and as moisturizing input recirculated water well heater.
The steam of importing in said raw coal refining plant and the recirculated water well heater through the cooling and condensation heat become hydrophobic after, be disposed to power plant's steam-water circulation system through drainage pump.
Said wastewater treatment equipment discharge end also is connected to sodium potassium liquid concentrator recovery system.
Said mixed reactor links to each other with wastewater treatment equipment, and the water that receives after handling is used for carrying out hybrid reaction with the washings that adds.
Said recirculated water well heater also links to each other with the power plant desulfurization device, and the importation adds hot water and is used for desulfuration operations.
Adopt the high sodium coal of the utility model to take off sodium decontamination cycle system, have following advantage:
1, high basic metal content is high raw coal is under certain raw coal diameter; Under the effect of the washing soln of certain temperature and pressure, destroyed the raw coal stability of structure, make the basic metal in the raw coal that migration and dissolving take place; Thereby reduced alkali metal content in the coal; Technology is simple, and operating safety is invested little;
2, according to the special mechanism of accurate eastern coal, wash ash through washing soln prescription very simple and easy, with low cost with realization and take off sodium;
3, the required moisturizing of system is mainly derived from the water recovery in the raw coal, fully saves water resources;
4, system's output takes off the sodium coal through behind the drying and upgrading; Having become the clean coal of high-quality can directly be used for as industrial chemicals or be used for coal-fired powder power unit; Fire in the stove that high sodium coal power generation unit faced coking with heating surface contamination problem and improved alkali-metal etching problem thereby significantly improve or solved at all, solved the sodium vapor separation problem in the Coal Chemical Industry gasification simultaneously boiler body;
5, the liquid after coal liquid separates gets into wastewater treatment equipment, and isolated sodium potassium liquid concentrator is recyclable to be used to make alkali and potash fertilizer production;
6, can reclaim the water resources in the coal in a large number after will lacking air cooling but, and can be used as system water supplement;
7, the coal after purifying is carried out high temperature flue gas drying and handle, the moisture content that removes in the coal improves the quality of coal greatly;
7, coal is purified under certain temperature and pressure, coal in scavenging process, can remove equally sodium in the coal, ash, mercury, sulphur, etc. element, improve the quality of coal;
8, native system is a series of circulating energy-saving green technologies such as the purification of collection coal, drying, water recycle and reuse, upgrading, wastewater treatment;
9, equally also be fit to high moisture content coal is carried out effectively anhydrating in the coal;
10, native system also can combine with the generating pulverized coal preparation system, and coal purifies pretreatment system before the pulverized coal preparation system raw coal, extracts the turbine level and draws gas as the heating and pressurizing source, with this circulating generation, realizes energy-efficient coal electricity generation technology;
11, native system also can combine with gasification system; At the vapourizing furnace previous crops is that coal purifies pretreatment system, purifies after grinding fine powder to coal, and the fine powder after the purification can directly be processed coal water slurry; Be transported to each gasification plant user with pipe method, realize energy-efficient Coal Gasification Technology.
Description of drawings
Be elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the high sodium coal of the utility model takes off sodium decontamination cycle system.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; The high sodium coal of the utility model takes off sodium decontamination cycle system and mainly comprises by circulation line continuous recirculated water well heater 1, raw coal refining plant 2, mixed reactor 3, coal liquid separating apparatus 4, wastewater treatment equipment 5, takes off sodium coal drying installation 6 and steam heating source 7; Wherein, Recirculated water well heater 1 input terminus receives recirculated water and moisturizing, and the steam pumping that receives steam heating source 7 heats water, and recirculated water well heater 1 output terminal links to each other with raw coal refining plant 2; The input terminus of raw coal refining plant 2 receives the hot water of recirculated water well heater 1 output and high sodium raw coal after crushed; And import washings and steam respectively through mixed reactor 3 and steam heating source 7; Raw coal is carried out Hybrid Heating clean, take off sodium; And above-mentioned concentrated cleaning solution major ingredient is acetic acid or hydrochloric acid and organic solvent, with the blending ratio of water be 1: (50-500), it mainly acts on is the organic type of basic metal that removes raw coal.Coal liquid separating apparatus 4 links to each other with the output terminal of raw coal refining plant 2, will take off the sodium coal and separate with coal washing waste water, will take off the sodium coal and transport to and take off sodium coal drying installation 6 and carry out drying, coal washing waste water is transported to wastewater treatment equipment 5 handle; Recirculated water after wastewater treatment equipment 5 output terminals will be handled through recycle pump 8 is back to recirculated water well heater 1.
Through repeatedly TE and calculating, to take off in the sodium process at the ash of washing of raw coal refining plant 2, its Heating temperature should be 20 ℃-350 ℃, scavenging period and should be 3min-30min; And the diameter of the raw coal of raw coal refining plant 2 inputs after kibbler 9 is pulverized should be 1mm-30mm, with this understanding, can reach the preferable ash of washing through washings and take off the sodium effect.
As one be embodiment, said steam heating source 7 can be METHOD FOR TURBOGENERATOR SET, through its boiler section is drawn gas to realize steam supply.And the said sodium coal drying installation 6 that takes off links to each other with the boiler of turbine driven set, provides flue gas to carry out drying to taking off the sodium coal with crossing boiler.The said sodium coal drying installation 6 that takes off also links to each other with recirculated water well heater 1, and the exhaust steam that drying is produced is reclaimed the water in the weary gas through the cool water shower of apparatus for recovering 10, and as moisturizing input recirculated water well heater 1.
The utility model also is provided with recycle and the energy-saving and emission-reduction that realize native system better through following:
In said raw coal refining plant 2 and the recirculated water well heater 1 steam of input also through the cooling of apparatus for recovering 10 and condensation heat become hydrophobic after, be disposed to power plant's steam-water circulation system through drainage pump 14.Said wastewater treatment equipment 5 discharge end also are connected to sodium potassium liquid concentrator recovery system 11.Said mixed reactor 3 links to each other with wastewater treatment equipment 5, and the water that receives after handling is used for carrying out hybrid reaction with the washings that adds.Said apparatus for recovering 10 also links to each other with power plant desulfurization device 12, and importation water and flue gas are used for desulfuration operations.
The principle of work of the utility model is following:
With accurate eastern coal is example, shows from the coal analysis of accurate eastern coal: the full moisture content of accurate eastern coal about 25-33%, sodium content on average in 3.5-12%, thermal value at 4400 kilocalories.Show that from the structural analysis of accurate eastern coal the alkali metal content staple of accurate eastern coal is " sodium ".Receive and also claim organic sodium and the inorganic sodium of also title that exists with monomer and " sodium " is divided into corrosive acid.The inorganic sodium of accurate eastern coal mainly is hidden in the water of each pore of coal the crystal surface with coal, and organic sodium is present in the xln of coal.Alkali metals such as the monomer sodium in the coal, potassium are soluble in water again.
Therefore; In the high sodium raw coal input raw coal refining plant 2 after pulverizing, and with washings and by in recirculated water after 1 heating of recirculated water well heater and the moisturizing injection raw coal refining plant 2, under certain temperature and pressure; Wash in washing soln through certain hour; Receive the two of temperature and washing soln can destroy the balance of former texture of coal, make water and basic metal in raw coal xln and surface and the pore that migration and dissolving take place rapidly from acting on down; Make a large amount of alkali metals in the raw coal comprise that sodium, potassium, mercury, sulphur, ashes etc. migrate in a large number or are dissolved in the washing soln, to reach purification to raw coal.
Raw coal after the purification will be implemented coal liquid and separate; Coal after the purification takes off sodium coal drying installation 6 through being sent by the enclosed transfer roller, through boiler input high-temperature flue gas, makes coal mix with high-temperature flue gas; Under the effect of high-temperature flue gas; Moisture content in the coal obtains rapid evaporation, and water becomes steam in flue gas in the coal, makes to become weary gas after moisture content rolls up in the flue gas.Moisture content can play the upgrading effect in the dry removal coal, makes it become the clean coal of fine, and the water in the coal loses in a large number; Therefore promoted the quality of coal; The calorific value of coal is significantly improved, and the full moisture content of the clean coal of such high-quality is controlled in 8%, because the minimizing of full moisture content has improved the quality of coal; The thermal value of coal is promoted to more than 5500 kilocalories, and sodium content is controlled in 2%.
And dried weary gas gets into apparatus for recovering 10; Adopt the spray cooling to reclaim the water in a large amount of weary gas; After weary gas is robbed through cold misfortune water spray cooling, water in the weary gas is obtained a large amount of recovery, recycling inputs to recirculated water well heater 1 and heats; And as moisturizing, and saturated wet flue gas is delivered to desulfurizer 12 backs through chimney 13 dischargings.Unnecessary water can be used as the water source of boiler and also can water externally be supplied, to solve the problem that local water resources lacks.
Waste liquid after coal liquid separates gets into wastewater treatment equipment 5; Basic metal etc. is handled; Qualified water after the processing gets into mixed reactor 3, and the mixing of enriching soln and qualified water becomes washing soln in the mixed reactor 3, after washing soln gets into and passes through in the raw coal refining plant 2; Thermal barrier through boiler gives increasing temperature and pressure, and high sodium coal is washed.
Basic metal waste liquid input sodium potassium liquid concentrator recovery system 11 after concentrating and separating, can be used as industrial chemicals production chemical product.
In sum, the utility model is a kind of coal purge drying water reclamation technology integrated system, is a kind of recycling economy technology, and therefore the discharging of no waste gas, waste liquid, waste residue, belongs to the industry of greening and environmental protection.And the utility model is to set about from the raw coal of high sodium coal; Reduce the technology of the alkali metal content in the raw coal, becoming the clean coal of high-quality to coal is purpose, thereby significantly improves or fundamentally solve significant problems such as coking and heating surface contamination in the stove that the high sodium coal power generation unit of combustion faced, corrosion; Be applicable to that effectively the purification upgrading that accurate eastern coal and other contain sodium height, moisture high low grade coal handles; Have that technology is simple, operating safety, little, the energy-saving and environmental protection of investment, have the advantage of recycling economy, both can be used for the supply of the clean coal of high-quality; Can be used to fire high sodium coalpit mouth power unit again, also realize joint production of coal and electricity.
But; Those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that; Above embodiment is used for explaining the utility model; And be not the qualification that is used as the utility model, as long as in the connotation scope of the utility model, all will drop in claims scope of the utility model variation, the modification of the above embodiment.