CN102924196B - Expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102924196B CN102924196B CN201210510206.XA CN201210510206A CN102924196B CN 102924196 B CN102924196 B CN 102924196B CN 201210510206 A CN201210510206 A CN 201210510206A CN 102924196 B CN102924196 B CN 102924196B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and a method for preparing the same. The expanded ammonium nitrate explosive comprises the raw materials of ammonium nitrate, water, slurry, oil phase and additive. The method for preparing the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive comprises the steps: ammonium nitrate is added into water, the slurry is added after mixing and dissolving, and the water phase solution is produced after uniform mixing; the additive is added into the oil phase to be uniformly mixed so as to produce the oil phase solution; and then, the water phase solution and the oil phase solution are uniformly mixed, and the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is produced through expanded crystallizing, grinding and cooling. The expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is dispensed with the conventional wood meal, so that intrinsic safety is improved during the production process; and moreover, the waste slurry with low prices is taken as the raw material, so that the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the production cost is greatly lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method, belong to explosive substance preparing technical field.
Background technology
At present, the technique that domestic most enterprises is produced bulking ammonium nitrate explosive employing is: first that ammonium nitrate is expanded, mix with the reductive agent such as wood powder, oil phase more after crushed, and then hanging basket is delivered to packing shop packaging.This explained hereafter device is many, equipment complexity, and floor space is large, deposits online dose large.Contacted not closely by the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive oil phase of this explained hereafter with water, caused overall detonation property on the low side, due to the multangular essential disadvantages of expanded ammonium nitrate microtexture, make finished product free-running property poor, blast hole charging difficulty, has had a strong impact on quality product.
For original bulking ammonium nitrate explosive complex manufacturing, shortcoming that performance is not high, using for reference on the basis of emulsion explosive technology of preparing, after having occurred aqueous ammonium nitrate solution to mix with oil phase material again together with expanded technology.
As Chinese patent literature CN101429081A(application number 200810219592.0) a kind of preparation technology of novel puffing nitramon disclosed, its processing step is: aqueous phase dissolved and oil phase fusing, two-phase is mixed, expanded crystallization, realize uninterrupted discharging by the vacuum cavity of checker, expanded explosive mixes after blanking bin falls into cool mixed spiral with through the functional additive of metering at goods, prepared expanded explosive work in-process are fallen into overhead chain conveyer through helix transporting device, be delivered to powder charge packaging worker-house by overhead chain conveyer and carry out powder charge, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive finished product through packaging.The expanded nitre explosive of this explained hereafter is because water mixes under the effect of tensio-active agent in advance with oil phase, ammonium nitrate after expanded is combined tightr with oil phase, be conducive to improve the propagation of sensitivity and detonation, thereby explosion velocity, the brisance etc. of explosive technique is before enhanced.
Chinese patent literature CN102557845A(application number 201010617010.1) a kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation technology thereof disclosed, belong to industrial explosive field, this bulking ammonium nitrate explosive raw material is made up of ammonium nitrate, oil phase, wood powder and composite additive, and the weight part proportioning of each raw material is as follows: 90～94 parts, ammonium nitrate, 3～5 parts of composite oil phases, 3～5 parts of wood powders, 0.1～0.3 part of composite additive.This technique has been cancelled oil, water mixing tank, and the oil phase preparing is directly joined in water tank and mixed, and then pumps into expanded crystallization in Bulking tank.
Although the technical scheme of above-mentioned patent literature has improved the detonation property of product, but bulking ammonium nitrate explosive free-running property is poor, easily the drawback of caking does not overcome, and in actual production process, need to add wood powder, porous grain ammonium nitrate to solve that free-running property is poor, the problem of easy caking, thereby the detonation property of explosive has been produced again to adverse influence, and over-all properties improves little.
In addition, wood powder is as the important component of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, in as reductive agent, because it has the advantages such as high, the negative oxygen balance of hydrocarbon content is large, density is little, hole is many, can regulate the porousness of product, the caking tendency and the intensity that alleviate explosive are therefore widely used in powder industrial explosive.But being applied in when having promoted bulking ammonium nitrate explosive performance of wood powder, has brought again very large potential safety hazard.Because its burning-point is lower, in oven dry, storage and use procedure, very easily there is the phenomenon of burning, bring very large threat to the safety in production of explosive, the security incident of domestic repeatedly powder type explosive is all relevant with wood powder.Therefore, by finding substitute or improving technique, cancel the use of wood powder in explosive production, significant aspect the essential safety improving in explosive production.
The semi-solid thing of the moisture formation of coal slime general reference coal dust, is a kind of byproduct in coal production process, and the processes such as mine drainage, waste dump water, steam coal coal washing, coking coal coal separation all can produce a large amount of coal slimes.There is the features such as high-moisture, high viscosity, high retentiveness and low heat value due to coal slime, be therefore difficult to realize industrial application.In recent years along with the fast development of the depth & wideth of Coal dressing, the output of coal slime obviously rises, and the comprehensive utilization of coal slime has become problem in the urgent need to address.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of formula, technique simple, the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of environmental protection and preparation method, to solve not high, the easy caking of existing bulking ammonium nitrate explosive performance, the poor problem of free-running property.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Ammonium nitrate: 85～94 parts, 8.5～9.4 parts, water, coal slime: 3～6 parts, oil phase: 2～10 parts, additive: 0.1～0.2 part;
Described binder component is as follows, is all weight percentage:
Primary octadecylamine acetate: 60 ~ 70%, stearic acid: 10 ~ 20%, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate: 10 ~ 20%;
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrate, coal slime, primary octadecylamine acetate, stearic acid, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate are all with dry weight basis;
Make as follows:
Ammonium nitrate is added to the water, after stirring and dissolving, adds coal slime, stir and make aqueous phase solution; Additive is added in oil phase, stir, make oil-phase solution; Then, after aqueous phase solution being mixed with oil-phase solution, after expanded crystallization, pulverizing, cooling, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Preferred according to the present invention, described coal slime oxygen balance is-0.59～-3.39.
Described oil phase is the usual raw material in this area, is the composite oil phase loading in CN102557845A as adopted publication number, also can directly buy by market.
The preparation method of above-mentioned bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, step is as follows:
(1) ammonium nitrate is added to the water, after stirring and dissolving, then adds coal slime, stir, 125 ~ 135 DEG C of temperature controls, make aqueous phase solution;
(2) additive is added in oil phase, be warming up to 110 ~ 120 DEG C, stir, make oil-phase solution;
(3) after the oil-phase solution that aqueous phase solution step (1) being made makes with step (2) mixes, under-0.06MPa ~-0.09MPa pressure condition, evenly spray continuous swelling crystallization, 8 ~ 14 minutes expanded time, then, after pulverizing, lowering the temperature, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Preferred according to the present invention, in described step (1), the temperature of water is 48 ~ 52 DEG C.
Preferred according to the present invention, the pulverizing in described step (1) is that the crushing material after expanded crystallization to particle diameter is less than to 0.85mm.
Preferred according to the present invention, the cooling in described step (1) is that nature is cooled to temperature≤42 DEG C.
Beneficial effect
1, bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of the present invention has been cancelled the use of traditional wood powder, and the intrinsic safety in production process is improved; And taking cheap waste coal slime as raw material, energy-conserving and environment-protective, have greatly reduced production cost;
2, the preparation method of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of the present invention compared with prior art, has cancelled mixed pharmaceutical worker's order, after expanded pulverizing, is finished product, and technique is simple, flow process is short, it is few to deposit online dose;
3, good, the prevented from caking of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive free-running property of the present invention, product performance are high, and finished explosive products detonation thoroughness is good.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further, but institute of the present invention protection domain is not limited to this.
Raw material explanation
Ammonium nitrate is purchased from Henan Jinkai Chemical Investment Holding Group Co., Ltd.;
Oil phase in embodiment 1～2 is purchased from the Huaibei ninety percent matrix material company limited; Oil phase in embodiment 3 is that ceresine and soft wax obtain according to mass ratio 8:3 mixed preparing, and ceresine is purchased from Cangzhou forest La Ye company limited, and soft wax is purchased from Maoming City Xin Tong Chemical Co., Ltd.;
Coal slime is purchased from Yanzhou prosperous coal transportation and sales company, and in embodiment 1, coal slime oxygen balance value be-0.6, coal slime oxygen balance value is-1.98 in embodiment 2, coal slime oxygen balance value is-3.37 in embodiment 3;
Primary octadecylamine sodium-acetate is purchased from Naxi, Luzhou Haicheng City Chemical Co., Ltd.;
Stearic acid is purchased from Naxi, Luzhou Haicheng City Chemical Co., Ltd.;
Sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate is purchased from Nanhe County Heng Ji coating company limited.
Detection method
The detection method of density, induced detonation and examination criteria are referring to GB/T12438; The detection method of explosion velocity and examination criteria are referring to GB/T13228; The detection method of brisance and examination criteria are referring to GB/T12440;
Free-running property testing method:
Adopt dynamic test decision method, quantitative sample is positioned in funnel, on the vibratory screening apparatus of constant vibrational frequency, carry out vibration experiment, the time that working sample flows down completely, the relative superior or inferior of more different sample free-running properties.Under the same terms, flow down required time completely shorter, free-running property is better.Each experiment sample thief 200g.On ZBSX92A type jarring formula standard vibration sieve (purchased from Shanghai Lei Yun test apparatus Manufacturing Co., Ltd), carry out free-running property test experiments;
The main performance index of vibratory screening apparatus is: oscillating stroke 25mm, the 218 times/min of number of times that swings, 109 times/min of jarring number of times, upper and lower amplitude of vibration stroke 6mm.
Embodiment 1
A kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, feed composition is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate: 90kg, water 9kg, coal slime: 5kg, oil phase: 9kg, additive: 0.15kg;
Described binder component is as follows, is all weight percentage:
Get primary octadecylamine sodium-acetate: 0.105kg, stearic acid: 0.0225kg, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate: 0.0225kg mixes as additive for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrate, coal slime, primary octadecylamine acetate, stearic acid, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate are all with dry weight basis;
The preparation method of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, step is as follows:
(1) ammonium nitrate is joined in 50 DEG C of water, after stirring and dissolving, then add coal slime, stir, 135 DEG C of temperature controls, make aqueous phase solution;
(2) additive is added in oil phase, be warming up to 110 DEG C, stir, make oil-phase solution;
(3) after the oil-phase solution that aqueous phase solution step (1) being made makes with step (2) mixes, under-0.08MPa pressure condition, evenly spray continuous swelling crystallization, 14 minutes expanded time, then drying, be crushed to particle diameter and be less than 0.85mm, be cooled to after 42 DEG C, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Product performance:
Powder charge specification: φ 32/150g, wrapping material: ordinary wax paper volume, density: 0.85g/cm
3, explosion velocity: 3900m/s, brisance: 15.1mm; Induced detonation:>=5cm.
Free-running property detects data and refers to table 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, feed composition is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate: 92kg, water 9.2kg, coal slime: 4kg part, oil phase: 5.64kg, additive: 0.15kg;
Described binder component is as follows, is all weight percentage:
Get primary octadecylamine sodium-acetate: 0.105kg, stearic acid: 0.0225kg, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate: 0.0225kg mixes as additive for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrate, coal slime, primary octadecylamine acetate, stearic acid, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate are all with dry weight basis;
The preparation method of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, step is as follows:
(1) ammonium nitrate is joined in 48 DEG C of water, after stirring and dissolving, then add coal slime, stir, 125 DEG C of temperature controls, make aqueous phase solution;
(2) additive is added in oil phase, be warming up to 120 DEG C, stir, make oil-phase solution;
(3) after the oil-phase solution that aqueous phase solution step (1) being made makes with step (2) mixes, under-0.09MPa pressure condition, evenly spray continuous swelling crystallization, 12 minutes expanded time, then drying, be crushed to particle diameter and be less than 0.85mm, be cooled to after 42 DEG C, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Product performance:
Powder charge specification: φ 32/150g, wrapping material: ordinary wax paper volume, density: 0.86g/cm
3, explosion velocity: 3800m/s, brisance: 16.3mm, induced detonation:>=5cm.
Free-running property detects data and refers to table 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, feed composition is as follows:
Ammonium nitrate: 94kg, water 9.4kg, coal slime: 4kg, oil phase: 2kg, additive: 0.15kg;
Described binder component is as follows, is all weight percentage:
Get primary octadecylamine sodium-acetate: 0.105kg, stearic acid: 0.0225kg, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate: 0.0225kg mixes as additive for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrate, coal slime, primary octadecylamine acetate, stearic acid, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate are all with dry weight basis;
The preparation method of bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, step is as follows:
(1) ammonium nitrate is joined in 52 DEG C of water, after stirring and dissolving, then add coal slime, stir, 130 DEG C of temperature controls, make aqueous phase solution;
(2) additive is added in oil phase, be warming up to 115 DEG C, stir, make oil-phase solution;
(3) after the oil-phase solution that aqueous phase solution step (1) being made makes with step (2) mixes, under-0.06MPa pressure condition, evenly spray continuous swelling crystallization, 8 minutes expanded time, then drying, be crushed to particle diameter and be less than 0.85mm, be cooled to after 42 DEG C, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Product performance:
Powder charge specification: φ 32/150g, wrapping material: ordinary wax paper volume, density: 0.86g/cm
3, explosion velocity: 3900m/s, brisance: 15.7mm, induced detonation:>=5cm.
Free-running property detects data and refers to table 1.
Table 1
Analyze
From above-described embodiment, the properties of product, meets industry standard WJ9026(density: 0.8 ~ 1.0g/cm described in patent application of the present invention
3, explosion velocity:>=3200m/s, brisance:>=12mm, induced detonation:>=3cm) in related request, meanwhile, due to adopt coal slime replace wood powder, thereby it is low to have overcome burning-point, in oven dry, storage and use procedure, very easily there is the drawback of burning, improve the security in explosive production process; And have table 1 to find out, product free-running property of the present invention is obviously better than common bulking ammonium nitrate explosive.
Claims (2)
1. a preparation method for bulking ammonium nitrate explosive, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
(1) ammonium nitrate is added to the water, after stirring and dissolving, then adds coal slime, stir, 125 ~ 135 DEG C of temperature controls, make aqueous phase solution;
(2) additive is added in oil phase, be warming up to 110 ~ 120 DEG C, stir, make oil-phase solution;
(3) after the oil-phase solution that aqueous phase solution step (1) being made makes with step (2) mixes, under-0.06MPa ~-0.09MPa pressure condition, evenly spray continuous swelling crystallization, 8 ~ 14 minutes expanded time, then, after pulverizing, lowering the temperature, make bulking ammonium nitrate explosive;
Feed composition is as follows, is weight part:
Ammonium nitrate: 85～94 parts, 8.5～9.4 parts, water, coal slime: 3～6 parts, oil phase: 2～10 parts, additive: 0.1～0.2 part;
Described binder component is as follows, is all weight percentage:
Primary octadecylamine acetate: 60 ~ 70%, stearic acid: 10 ~ 20%, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate: 10 ~ 20%;
Above-mentioned ammonium nitrate, coal slime, primary octadecylamine acetate, stearic acid, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate are all with dry weight basis.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), the temperature of water is 48 ~ 52 DEG C.
3
.preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the pulverizing in described step (3) is that the crushing material after expanded crystallization to particle diameter is less than to 0.85mm.
4
.preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the cooling in described step (3) is that nature is cooled to temperature≤42 DEG C.
5
.preparation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described coal slime oxygen balance is-0.59～-3.39.
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| CN105859493B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2018-12-11 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | A kind of low-density rock expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method |
| CN114478144B (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-10-13 | 陕西北方民爆集团有限公司 | Viscous powdery emulsion explosive for top hole and preparation method thereof |
| CN115124395A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-30 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | Liquid composite oil phase, preparation method and expanded ammonium nitrate explosive |
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| US5936194A (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 1999-08-10 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Thickened emulsion compositions for use as propellants and explosives |
| CN1280973A (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2001-01-24 | 蔡剑斌 | Low-density snow-like ammonium nitrate and its preparing process |
| CN1613834A (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2005-05-11 | 石家庄开发区成功科技有限公司 | Emulsified and expanded explosive and its production |
| CN101348403B (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2011-11-16 | 浙江永进化工有限公司 | Waterproof type rock swelling ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation technique thereof |
| CN102336618A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-01 | 新时代(济南)民爆科技产业有限公司 | Liquid-mixture expander for expanded ammonium nitrate explosive |
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Denomination of invention: Expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and preparation method thereof Effective date of registration: 20211201 Granted publication date: 20141210 Pledgee: Shandong Pingyi Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: SHANDONG TIANBAO CHEMICAL Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021980013668 |
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