CN102907177A - 用于运行至少一个放电灯和至少一个led的电路装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于运行至少一个放电灯(FL1)和至少一个LED(D5,D6,Dn)的电路装置(10),其中LED的端子具有所谓的SELV(安全特低电压)绝缘。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于运行至少一个放电灯和至少一个LED的电路装置,所述电路装置包括:输入端,所述输入端带有第一和第二输入端子以用于与交流电源电压连接;第一输出端,所述第一输出端带有第一和第二输出端子以用于与至少一个放电灯连接;第二输出端,所述第二输出端带有第三和第四输出端子以用于与至少一个LED连接;第一整流器,所述第一整流器整流器输入端和整流器输出端,所述整流器输入端包括第一整流器输入端子和第二整流器输入端子,所述整流器输出端带有第一整流器输出端子和第二整流器输出端子,其中第一整流器输入端子与第一输入端子连接并且第二整流器输入端子与第二输入端子连接,并且整流器输出端子与第一和第二整流器输出端子连接;存储电容器,所述存储电容器连接在第一和第二整流器输出端子之间;逆变器,所述逆变器包括桥接电路,其中所述桥接电路至少包括第一和第二电子开关的串联电路,其中在所述第一和第二电子开关之间形成第一桥中点;和第一电感器,所述第一电感器连接在第一桥中点和第一输出端子之间。
背景技术
从WO 2007/066252 A1中已知这种电路装置。从所述参考文献中已知的电路装置的缺点在于,不能够彼此分开地接通LED和荧光灯。
从DE 10 2005 030 115 A1中同样已知类型相关的电路装置,其中也仅能够一起运行LED和荧光灯。然而,鉴于节能的运行而值得期望的是,能够彼此独立地运行两个光源中的至少一个。后者例如能实现,运行LED以实现紧急照明,而放电灯则在使用者在场时才启用。
此外,参考DE 10 2007 049 397 A1,其中能够在运行LED和运行荧光灯之间切换,然而,在那里提出的电路装置在LED运行的情况下工作为降压变换器。仅连接上部的半桥开关。下部的半桥开关在LED运行期间保持打开。用于在LED运行和荧光灯运行之间切换的控制是耗费的,因为对此必须连接位于高位的开关,为此通常需要高端驱动器。此外,在交流电源电压和LED之间不存在电绝缘,因此,所述电路装置不满足在LED运行设备中常见的、所谓的SELV(Safety Extra LowVoltage,安全超低电压)要求。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于改进类型相关的电路装置,使得实现与另一光源的运行无关地运行两个光源中的至少一个。此外,这种类型的电路装置应满足SELV要求,也就是说,在交流电源电压和LED输出端之间应存在电绝缘。最后,所述电源布置应能够低成本地实现。
所述目的通过带有权利要求1的特征的电路装置来实现。
本发明基于下述知识:当首先至少一个LED通过与电感器、即与灯扼流圈连接的变压器供电时,能够实现所述目的,其中必须采取一定措施,以便接通和切断该供电。因此,根据本发明,类型相关的电路装置还包括带有初级线圈和次级线圈的变压器,其中初级线圈与第一电感器串联地连接。所述电路装置还包括连接在第一变压器的次级线圈和第二输出端之间的第二整流器。最后,所述电路装置包括带有第四电子开关的开关装置,其中开关装置与第一变压器的初级线圈连接,以便控制通过第一变压器的初级线圈的电流。
在这种类型的电路装置中,能够满足用于至少一个LED的运行的SELV要求。此外可能的是,彼此分开地运行放电灯和所述至少一个LED。因此,例如能够借助于至少一个LED来作为紧急照明而实现照明,而当需要完全照明时,接通至少一个放电灯。根据本发明的电路装置以两种运行类型,即不仅在荧光灯运行时而且在LED运行时利用与输入端连接的整流器、存储电容器以及逆变器。因此,能够极其低成本地实现根据本发明的电路装置。
优选实施形式的特征在于,尤其是升压变换器的电压变换器连接在存储电容器和逆变器之间。由此,能够扩大待借助当前电路装置运行的放电灯的带宽,并且尽可能地与交流电源电压无关地实现所述放电灯的运行。
优选地,第一输出端子与第一电感器的背离第一桥中点的端子连接。在此,在第一变型形式中,开关装置与第一变压器的初级线圈串联地连接,尤其连接在第一变压器的初级线圈和第一整流器的第二整流器输出端子之间。如果开关装置导通,由此实现对至少一个LED供电。在开关装置关断时,至少一个LED停止运行。开关装置连接在第一变压器的初级线圈和第一整流器的第二整流器输出端子之间,其中第二整流器输出端子通常表示与第一变压器的初级线圈导电连接的电路装置的部分的参考电势,通过以上能够实现的是:开关装置能够在不必需高端驱动器的情况下进而极其低成本地进行接通。在此,例如能够借助于至少一个LED来实现紧急照明,而当需要照明时才接通至少一个放电灯。
优选地,在所述变型形式中,第二输出端子与第一整流器的第二整流器输出端子尤其经由第一电容器连接。
在第二变型形式中,第一变压器的初级线圈串联地连接在第二输出端子和第二整流器输出端子之间。因此换言之,所述至少一个LED的供电与放电灯串联地连接。优选地,第一变压器的初级线圈与开关装置并联。如果因此开关装置导通,那么初级线圈不通电。由此,至少一个LED保持断开。如果相反地开关装置关断,那么除放电灯之外,接通至少一个LED并且经由初级线圈供给电流。
优选地,开关装置还包括带有整流器输入端和整流器输出端的第三整流器,其中所述整流器输入端与第一变压器的初级线圈连接,其中第三电子开关与整流器输出端并联。开关装置的这种变型方案考虑到,尤其在点燃放电灯时,放电灯上的电压能够变得极其高。因此,开关上的电势能够暂时低于零,使得在第四电子开关实现为MOSFET(金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管)的情况下,所述第四电子开关的体二极管能够开始导通。这会导致至少一个LED不期望地闪烁,这通过上述措施被完全有效地避免。在将IGBT(绝缘栅双极型晶体管)用于第四电子开关时,虽然对此产生更高的成本,但同样能够避免上述问题。
根据一个优选的改进形式,电路装置还包括第二变压器,其中第二变压器包括初级线圈和次级线圈,其中第二变压器的初级线圈连接在第一电感器和第一变压器的初级线圈之间,其中第二变压器的次级线圈连接在第一电感器和第一输出端的第一输出端子之间。在此,第二变压器作用为对称式变压器,由此,以预设的匝数比分配用于放电灯的电流和对至少一个LED的供电。因此,能够在运行模式“仅LED运行”和“LED和放电灯同时运行”之间切换。如果在点燃放电灯时开关Q4关断,那么单独地运行放电灯同样是可能的。
优选地,第二电容器与第一输出端并联。因此,能够与电感器一起,即与灯扼流圈一起实现点燃连接在第一输出端处的放电灯。
根据优选的改进形式,电路装置还包括带有第五和第六输出端子的第三输出端以及连接在第一桥中点和第五输出端子之间的第二电感器。由此提供运行另一个放电灯的可能性,更准确地说,提供与连接在第一输出端处的放电灯以及连接在第二输出端处的至少一个LED的接通/断开状态无关地运行另一放电灯的可能性。优选地,为了该目的,第三电容器与第三输出端并联。所述第三电容器与第二电感器一起使得实现用于点燃连接在第三输出端处的放电灯的谐振电路成为可能。参数选择能够与在第一电感器和第二电容器中相同;然而,也能够与其无关地进行所述参数选择。
优选地,第四电容器与第二输出端并联地连接,所述第四电容器确保提供给至少一个LED的电流变平滑。
此外,优选地,齐纳二极管与第二输出端并联地连接,所述齐纳二极管将在第二输出端处提供的输出电压限制于可预设的数值上。
根据一个有利的实施形式,欧姆电阻器与第四电子开关串联地连接。这实现对在第二输出端处提供给至少一个LED的输出电流进行测量和调节。
最后能够提出,逆变器的电子开关设置于高位并且逆变器的第二电子开关设置于低位,其中第二电子开关与第四电子开关之间的连接构成是低阻抗的,使得第二电子开关和第三电子开关能够以相同的电势来开关。因此,换言之,能够在没有用于控制第四电子开关的附加耗费的情况下应用用于控制逆变器的开关的控制装置。
其他有利的实施形式从从属权利要求中得出。
附图说明
现在,在下文中参考附图详细描述本发明的实施例。其中:
图1示出根据本发明的电路装置的第一实施例的示意图;
图2示出根据本发明的电路装置的第二实施例的示意图;
图3示出根据本发明的电路装置的第三实施例的示意图;
图4示出根据本发明的电路装置的第四实施例的示意图;以及
图5示出根据本发明的电路装置的第五实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面,相同的和起相同作用的器件使用相同的附图标记。因此,仅一次性地介绍所述器件。
图1示出根据本发明的电路装置10的第一实施例的示意图。尤其为电源电压的交流电源电压UN能够连接在带有第一输入端子E1和第二输入端子E2的输入端处。随后是包括二极管D7、D8、D9和D10的第一整流器。能够在整流器D7至D10的上游连接线路滤波器。在所述整流器上连接有升压变换器,所述升压变换器包括电感器L2、二极管D12以及带有控制输入端S3的电子开关Q3。升压变换器的控制通常是已知的并且因此在此不继续讨论。
在升压变换器的输出端处提供的电压存储在电容器C1中。通过电容器C1降低的电压UZw通常称作中间电路电压。所述中间电路电压被输送给当前包括半桥电路的逆变器。所述逆变器包括带有控制输入端S1的第一电子开关Q1以及带有控制输入端S2的第二电子开关Q2。在所述两个电子开关之间限定第一桥中点BM1。灯扼流圈L1与第一桥中点BM1连接,所述灯扼流圈L1与电容器C2一起形成谐振电路,以便点燃连接在包括输出端子A1和A2的第一输出端处的放电灯FL1。两个连接电容器C5和C7补全逆变器的桥接电路。
此外,第一变压器Tr1与所述输出端A1连接,所述第一变压器的初级线圈L11与灯扼流圈L1串联地连接。电容器C6以及开关装置12与变压器Tr1的初级线圈L11串联,所述开关装置当前包括带有控制输入端S4的第四电子开关Q4。分流电阻器R1与开关装置12串联地设置。
包括二极管D1、D2、D3、D4的第二整流器的输入端与第一变压器Tr1的次级线圈L12连接。电容器C3与所述第二整流器的输出端连接,所述电容器C3用于使第二整流器的输出电流变平滑。齐纳二极管Z与电容器C3并联地连接,所述齐纳二极管Z将在包括输出端子A3和A4的第二输出端处的输出电压限制于可预设的数值上。与电容器C3并联的欧姆电阻器R2用于使电容器C3放电,因此,在至少一个LED D5、D6、Dn连接在第二输出端A3、A4处的情况下,所述电容器没有电压。电容器C4将初级电路和次级电路连接并且典型地是Y1电容器。
电压UZw的直流分量在连接电容器C7和C5上降低。开关Q4通过信号S4闭合以运行所述至少一个LED D5、D6、Dn。因为开关Q4经由低欧姆电阻器R1与电路装置的当前显示出第一整流器的第二输出端子处电势的接地线连接,所以所述开关能够直接由控制装置14来控制。通过在欧姆电阻器R1上的电压能够测量与经过至少一个LED D5、D6、Dn的电流Ia成比例的信号。所述信号能够用作调节LED电流Ia的反馈。
在开关Q4闭合时,交变电流流过变压器Tr1的初级线圈L11,进而同样流过变压器Tr1的次级线圈L12。变压器Tr1承担初级电路和次级电路之间的电绝缘。匝数比确定输出电流Ia的幅度。为了与输出端负载D5、D6、Dn无关地获得恒定输出电流Ia,变压器Tr1的初级线圈的电感应当不低于5mH。
在运行所述至少一个LED D5、D6、Dn时,在点燃放电灯FL1之前,电容器C2上的电压必须位于最大容许电压之下。在放电灯运行时,逆变器通常以例如70kHz至175kHz的运行频率来起动,以便预热放电灯。在点燃放电灯FL1之后,随后通常切换到40kHz至70kHz的运行频率上。反之,在LED单独运行时,能够在开始选择40kHz至70kHz的运行频率。
控制装置14在两种运行类型中都能够通过来自逆变器的泵浦电路来供电,使得不需要附加的辅助电源。LED运行和荧光灯运行或两种光源运行之间的切换能够通过在控制装置14上的控制输入端St来进行。
根据本发明的电路装置10的图2中示出的实施形式与图1中示出的实施形式相比特征在于,所述电路装置还包括对称式变压器Tr2。所述对称式变压器的初级线圈L21连接在灯扼流圈L1和变压器Tr1的初级线圈L11之间。所述对称式变压器的次级电感器L22连接在灯扼流圈L1和输出端子A1之间。当开关Q4闭合时,以L21与L22的匝数比分配用于放电灯FL1和LED驱动电路的电流,所述LED驱动电路的电流即流过变压器Tr1的初级线圈L11的电流。因此,能够在运行模式“仅LED运行”和“LED和荧光灯同时运行”之间切换。
根据本发明的电路装置10的图3中示意示出的实施形式与图1中示出的实施形式的不同在于:设有与第一桥中点BM1连接的另一灯扼流圈L3。所述灯扼流圈一方面与另一输出端子A5连接以及经由电容器C7与另一输出端子A6连接。输出端子A5、A6形成电路装置的另一输出端以用于连接另一放电灯FL2。一方面谐振电路L1和C2并联并且另一方面谐振电路L3和C7并联。在图3的实施例中,放电灯FL2持续发光,而通过闭合和打开开关Q4,能够在荧光灯FL1的运行和至少一个LED D5、D6、Dn的运行之间来回转换。
在根据本发明的电路装置的图4中示出的实施例中,开关装置12与变压器Tr1的初级线圈L11并联。所述并联电路与第一输出端A1、A2串联。在开关装置12关断时,不但放电灯FL1发光,而且至少一个LED D5、D6、Dn也发光。在开关装置12导通的情况下,初级线圈L11被桥接并且仅有放电灯FL1发光。此外,只有在使用可用的放电灯FL1时,才能够运行至少一个LED D5、D6、Dn。
在根据本发明的电路装置的图5中示意性示出的实施形式中,与图1中示出的实施形式相比较,修改了开关装置12。所述开关装置12还包括第三整流器,所述第三整流器包括二极管D13、D14、D15、D16,其中整流器输入端与变压器Tr1的初级线圈L11串联地连接,并且其中开关Q4与整流器输出端并联。通过所述措施避免:在开关Q4构成为MOSFET的情况下,开关装置12以不期望的方式由于例如能够在点燃放电灯FL1时产生的高电压而无意地导通,更确切地说由于开关Q4的体二极管而无意地接通。这可能导致LED D5、D6、Dn不期望地闪烁。
Claims (16)
1.用于运行至少一个放电灯(FL1)和至少一个LED(D5,D6,Dn)的电路装置(10),包括:
-输入端,所述输入端带有第一输入端子(E1)和第二输入端子(E2)以用于与交流电源电压(UN)连接;
-第一输出端,所述第一输出端带有第一输出端子(A1)和第二输出端子(A2)以用于与所述至少一个放电灯(FL1)连接;
-第二输出端,所述第二输出端带有第三输出端子(A3)和第四输出端子(A4)以用于与所述至少一个LED(D5,D6,Dn)连接;
-第一整流器(D7,D8,D9,D10),所述第一整流器带有整流器输入端和整流器输出端,所述整流器输入端包括第一整流器输入端子和第二整流器输入端子,所述整流器输出端带有第一整流器输出端子和第二整流器输出端子,其中所述第一整流器输入端子与所述第一输入端子(E2)连接,并且所述第二整流器输入端子与所述第二输入端子连接;
-存储电容器(C1),所述存储电容器连接在所述第一整流器输出端子和第二整流器输出端子之间;
-逆变器,所述逆变器包括桥接电路,其中所述桥接电路至少包括第一电子开关(Q1)和第二电子开关(Q2)的串联电路,其中在所述第一电子开关(Q1)和所述第二电子开关(Q2)之间形成第一桥中点(BM1);和
-第一电感器(L1),所述第一电感器连接在所述第一桥中点(BM1)和所述第一输出端子(A1)之间;
其特征在于,
所述电路装置(10)还包括:
-第一变压器(Tr1),所述第一变压器带有初级线圈(L11)和次级线圈(L12),其中所述初级线圈(L11)与所述第一电感器(L1)串联地连接;
-第二整流器(D1、D2、D3、D4),所述第二整流器连接在所述第一变压器(Tr1)的所述次级线圈(L12)和所述第二输出端之间;和
-开关装置(12),所述开关装置带有第四电子开关(Q4),其中所述开关装置(12)与所述第一变压器(Tr1)的所述初级线圈(L11)连接,以便控制流过所述第一变压器(Tr1)的所述初级线圈(L11)的电流。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
尤其在所述存储电容器(C1)和所述逆变器之间连接有电压变换器(L2,Q3,D12)、尤其是升压变换器。
3.根据上述权利要求之一所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述第一输出端子(A1)与所述第一电感器(L1)的背离所述第一桥中点(BM1)的端子连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述开关装置(12)与所述第一变压器(Tr1)的所述初级线圈(L11)串联地连接,尤其连接在所述第一变压器(Tr1)的所述初级线圈(L11)和所述第一整流器的所述第二整流器输出端子之间。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述第二输出端子(A2)尤其经由第一电容器连接与所述第一整流器(D7,D8,D9,D10)的所述第二整流器输出端子连接。
6.根据权利要求3所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述第一变压器(Tr1)的所述初级线圈(L11)串联地连接在所述第二输出端子(A2)和所述第二整流器输出端子之间。
7.根据权利要求5所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述开关装置(12)与所述第一变压器(Tr1)的所述初级线圈(L11)并联地连接。
8.根据上述权利要求之一所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述开关装置(12)还包括带有整流器输入端和整流器输出端的第三整流器(D13,D14,D15,D16),其中所述整流器输入端与所述第一变压器(Tr1)的所述初级线圈(L11)连接,其中所述第三电子开关(Q4)与所述整流器输出端并联地连接。
9.根据上述权利要求之一所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述电路装置(10)还包括第二变压器(Tr2),其中所述第二变压器(Tr2)包括初级线圈(L21)和次级线圈(L22),其中所述第二变压器(Tr2)的所述初级线圈(L21)连接在所述第一电感器(L1)和所述第一变压器(Tr1)的所述初级线圈(L11)之间,其中所述第二变压器(Tr2)的所述次级线圈(L22)连接在所述第一电感器(L1)和所述第一输出端的所述第一输出端子(A1)之间。
10.根据上述权利要求之一所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,第二电容器(C2)与所述第一输出端并联地连接。
11.根据上述权利要求之一所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述电路装置(10)还包括:
-第三输出端,所述第三输出端带有第五输出端子(A5)和第六输出端子(A6);和
-第二电感器(L3),所述第二电感器连接在所述第一桥中点(BM1)和所述第五输出端子(A5)之间。
12.根据权利要求11所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述第三输出端与第三电容器(C7)并联地连接。
13.根据上述权利要求之一所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述第二输出端与第四电容器(C3)并联地连接。
14.根据上述权利要求之一所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,所述第二输出端与齐纳二极管(Z)并联地连接。
15.根据上述权利要求之一所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述第四电子开关(Q4)与欧姆电阻器(R1)串联地连接。
16.根据上述权利要求之一所述的电路装置(10),
其特征在于,
所述逆变器的所述第一电子开关(Q1)设置于高位,并且所述逆变器的所述第二电子开关(Q2)设置于低位,其中所述第二电子开关(Q2)与所述第四电子开关(Q4)的连接构成为是低阻抗的,使得所述第二电子开关(Q2)和所述第三电子开关(Q4)能够以相同的电势来开关。
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DE102010029100.5 | 2010-05-19 | ||
DE102010029100A DE102010029100A1 (de) | 2010-05-19 | 2010-05-19 | Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben mindestens einer Entladungslampe und mindestens einer LED |
PCT/EP2011/054246 WO2011144376A1 (de) | 2010-05-19 | 2011-03-21 | Schaltungsanordnung zum betreiben mindestens einer entladungslampe und mindestens einer led |
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US (1) | US20130057162A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2517538A1 (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2517538A1 (de) | 2012-10-31 |
DE102010029100A1 (de) | 2011-11-24 |
WO2011144376A1 (de) | 2011-11-24 |
US20130057162A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
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