CN102900452B - Technique for cooling deep mining area by using ground temperature of shallow goaf and waste roadway - Google Patents
Technique for cooling deep mining area by using ground temperature of shallow goaf and waste roadway Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a technique for cooling a deep mining area by using the ground temperature of a shallow goaf and a waste roadway. An air intake fan station (9) is arranged outside an air intake port of a deep operating middle section (5); a return fan station (10) is arranged outside an air outlet port of the deep operating middle section (5); the air intake fan station (9) is communicated with a deep downcast shaft (4); the return fan station (10)is communicated with an air return shaft (6); pre-cooling fans (3) are arranged at all the exits of the shallow goaf and the waste roadway (2); and an air door (7) is arranged on a natural ventilation air passage (8) shared by the shallow goaf and the waste roadway (2). According to the invention, an air flow circuit and the pre-cooling fans (3) are adopted to adjust the downcast air flow, and through the technique, the high-temperature air flow can be totally or partially pre-cooled in summer so as to reduce the wind enthalpy which enters the deep high-temperature area and to improve the heat extraction and cooling abilities of the system. In winter, the pre-cooling fans are turned off and the heat accumulated in summer is expelled through natural ventilation. Therefore, the technique realizes alternating multiple heat balance and use in winter and summer in a mine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underground non-coal solid mine falling temperature technique, be applicable to that superficial part has low temperature goaf and waste and old tunnel and deep exists the mine ventilation cooling in the non-coal of high warm evil (on-radiation) solid mine.
Background technology
Earth rock mass is approximate is divided into alternating temperature circle, constant temperature circle, circle three circles that heat up, and wherein alternating temperature circle, constant temperature circle thickness generally only have 30～50m thick, by geothermal gradient along with the rising of degree of depth deepening rock temperature.Mine leaves a large amount of goafs and waste and old tunnel in downward recovery process middle and upper part, these goafs and many places, waste and old tunnel are connected with earth's surface and form natural ventilation wind path, near surface rock mass in natural ventilation process for many years (top 200～330m) becomes alternating temperature circle gradually, its average rock temperature approaches local average temperature of the whole year, becomes a low-temperature space compared with Deep Mining.
In mine ventilation engineering, can utilize the low temperature rock mass of the known existence in down-hole and the natural resources such as low temperature flowing water, the natural airflow of upper area in this region.If can sufficiently and reasonably utilize these natural resources for mine ventilation service, especially for deep heat evil mine, not only can improve underground ventilating effect, promote aeration technology level, and can reduce widely ventilation energy consumption, be the important content of green mining, energy-saving and emission-reduction.
At present, China has carried out the practice of the aspects such as ground temperature precooling, cold water recycle, the utilization of mine natural airflow in indivedual mines, produces energy-saving and cost-reducing having great importance for development and the mine of mine ventilation technology.The tentative low temperature ground temperature natural resources that utilized the discarded roadway in down-hole, goaf of mine such as Xiangxi Gold Mine, old shop gold mine, ore deposit, Jin Qing top, but pre-cold blast rate, windage are not regulated.Flowing resistance air quantity large, that pass through in goaf is little, distinguished and admirable little with goaf country rock heat exchange area, make ground temperature and distinguished and admirable the quantity of heat convection low, pre-cold blast rate is little, thereby the wind-warm syndrome that makes to enter deep is still higher, to whole ventilation system cooling-down effect not obvious, be difficult to reach the object of improving operating environment, reducing ventilation energy consumption, winter and summer goaf inverted air current simultaneously, distinguished and admirable adjusting difficulty.
At present, there is following problem in goaf and the low temperature ground temperature utilization of waste and old tunnel:
(1) mine enters distinguished and admirable winter, summer two seasons ventilation route change problem: utilize summer precooling fan to impel mine intake airflow to utilize low temperature dead zone and waste and old tunnel to reach precooling effect through design; Must consider winter to change its course into distinguished and admirable, impel earth's surface low temperature distinguished and admirable walk minimal path enter deep, reduce the distinguished and admirable interchange of heat at upper area, prevent from again bringing the heat on top into deep.
(2) thermal balance question of underground ventilating system: enter the distinguished and admirable precooling of well, goaf accumulation of heat, the rising of rock temperature summer, natural airflow heat extraction in winter, goaf heat release, rock temperature decline, and realize the heat balance of down-hole near surface rock mass.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly for the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and a kind of superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel ground temperature method to deep mining cooling of utilizing is provided, this technology by superposed superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel set up precooling fan, overcome the flowing resistance in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, while impelling earth's surface high temperature air intake to flow through superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, high temperature air carries out sufficient heat convection with the low temperature country rock of larger bare area, thereby realize naturally cooling to mine deep part intake airflow, reach and improve deep ventilation effect, energy-saving and cost-reducing object.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the present invention utilizes superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel ground temperature to the method for deep mining cooling by the following technical solutions:
Air intake in operation stage casing, deep arranges air inlet fan station outward, at the air outlet in operation stage casing, deep, return fan station is set outward; Described air inlet fan station and deep downcast are connected; Described return fan station and returnairshaft are connected.Because the distinguished and admirable section through superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel is little, it is distinguished and admirable that to converge shunting place many, and superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel distribute wide and many, must increase part flowing resistance, thereby the precooling fan that some must be set is to provide ventilation negative pressure, increase ventilation power, impel the distinguished and admirable of flow through superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel to flow to deep.Described precooling fan is arranged on the exit in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, each exit arranges precooling fan, the quantity of precooling fan, parameter are carried out quantitative calculating according to thermophysical parameter, the thermophysical parameter in operation stage casing, deep, air balance law, the energy balance law in summer earth's surface average temperature of the whole year, superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, and the quantity in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel is set as n; On the shared natural ventilation wind path in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, air door is set; After the wind path parallel connection in superposed (n-1) individual superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, import and be connected to nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel; It is T DEG C that local average temperature of the whole year is set, and the opening ways of the wind path UNICOM mode in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, deep downcast, operation stage casing, deep and precooling fan, air door is:
(1) in the time of earth's surface temperature >=(T+4) DEG C, nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel and deep downcast, operation stage casing, deep order UNICOM, close air door, opens whole precooling fans;
(2) at (T-4) DEG C < at earth's surface temperature <(T+4) DEG C time, nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel and deep downcast, operation stage casing, deep order UNICOM, close air door, opening section precooling fan, precooling fan is opened quantity according to thermophysical parameter, the thermophysical parameter in operation stage casing, deep, air balance law, the energy balance law in earth's surface average temperature of the whole year, superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel carried out quantitative calculating at that time;
(3) in the time of earth's surface temperature≤(T-4) DEG C, open air door, stop precooling fan, in such cases, superficial part downcast directly and deep downcast be connected.
Certainly,, due to north-south climate difference, above-mentioned and earth's surface temperature and local average temperature of the whole year are the difference of T DEG C, are not limited to 4 DEG C, can be also 3 DEG C, 5 DEG C.
Because superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel distribute extensively, be present in different stage casings, increase necessary precooling fan in each stage casing.Simultaneously, superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel may exist that oxygen content is low, wind speed air quantity is low, especially may there is toxic and harmful, the distinguished and admirable air intake wind regime that is mainly used in high temperature exploiting field, deep of precooling, therefore, wind speed, air quantity, wind-warm syndrome and wind regime wind matter are related to deep wind safety and aeration-cooling effect.Therefore whole ventilation system is also provided with to ventilation system Long-distance Control and online monitoring system, can realize the Real-Time Monitoring of the long-range start-stop of precooling fan, air inlet fan station blower fan, return fan station blower fan and wind speed air quantity, toxic and harmful, ensure air intake wind regime wind matter, improve safety, the stability of precooling cooling system.
The ventilation system Long-distance Control and the on-line monitoring system that adopt, not only maintain and consolidate cooling precooling effect, and having promoted ventilating management level, the ventilation system management mode that optimization and upgrading is traditional.
The present invention has been owing to having set up precooling fan in the exit in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, forces into well distinguished and admirablely through near surface dead zone, regulates air quantity and windage through superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, makes after precooling distinguished and admirable descending.Summer, earth's surface air intake can be some or all of through superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, high temperature air and the heat exchange of low temperature rock mass and distinguished and admirable enthalpy reduce, temperature reduces, for superficial part goaf and the waste and old tunnel with many stage casings simultaneously, total pre-cold blast rate passage after utilizing the nethermost superficial part goaf with low temperature ground temperature and waste and old tunnel as the superficial part goaf on top and the precooling of waste and old tunnel, reduces the tunnel that driving is new and reduces heat waste.Stop in the winter time precooling fan, utilize superficial part goaf and many places, waste and old tunnel to be connected with earth's surface to form natural ventilation wind path and discharge rock mass accumulation of heat in summer, thereby realize the heat balance of underground ventilating system.And supporting underground ventilating long distance control system, realize precooling fan remote activation, stop, inverted ventilation, carry out the on-line monitoring of the toxic and harmful concentration such as wind speed air quantity after superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel and precooling, aerial temperature and humidity, CO.
The present invention, by above technical scheme, has following good effect:
(1) regulate control mine to enter the distinguished and admirable ventilation circuit in summer, winter.According to the variation of earth's surface, place, mining area average temperature of the whole year, the opening ways of the wind path UNICOM mode to superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel, deep downcast, operation stage casing, deep and precooling fan, air door carries out corresponding adjusting, control.
(2) realize the heat balance of underground ventilating system.Summer can be all or part of by distinguished and admirable the high temperature that enters mine precooling, reduces the wind enthalpy that enters deep high-temperature area, increases the heat elimination and cooling ability of system; Stop precooling fan winter, utilize natural ventilation to discharge accumulation of heat in summer, realize repeatedly thermal balance and utilization that the summer in mine winter replaces.
(3) make full use of mine natural resource, reduce system energy consumption.By regulating deep mining air intake wind path, utilize the low temperature ground temperature that superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel have to carry out the cooling precooling cooling of nature to transferring to the high temperature air intake source of deep mining, the dependence generally adopting with current mine adds compared with the aeration-cooling technology or mine air conditioner falling temperature technique that Wind Volume improves blower fan installed capacity, can reduce blower fan installed capacity, a large amount of refrigeration equipment, refrigeration unit loads that reduce in mine air conditioner falling temperature technique, save ventilation energy consumption.
(4) improve safety, the stability of precooling cooling system, maintain and consolidate precooling cooling-down effect.Whole ventilation system is installed ventilation system Long-distance Control and on-line monitoring system, can realize the Real-Time Monitoring of the long-range start-stop of precooling fan, air inlet fan station blower fan, return fan station blower fan and wind speed air quantity, toxic and harmful, ensure air intake wind regime wind matter, improve safety, the stability of precooling cooling system, the ventilation system management mode that optimization and upgrading is traditional.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the deep whole distinguished and admirable precoolings in air intake source utilize superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel ground temperature to deep mining cooling system schematic diagram.
When being the distinguished and admirable precooling of deep air intake source part, Fig. 2 utilize superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel ground temperature to deep mining cooling system schematic diagram.
Reference numeral is: 1-superficial part downcast; 2-superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel; 3-precooling fan; 4-deep downcast; Operation stage casing, 5-deep; 6-returnairshaft; 7-air door; 8-natural ventilation wind path; 9-air inlet fan station; 10-return fan station.
Detailed description of the invention
For further describing the present invention, utilize superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel ground temperature to be described in further detail the method for deep mining cooling below in conjunction with drawings and Examples to the present invention.
Utilize superficial part goaf and the waste and old tunnel ground temperature of the deep whole distinguished and admirable precoolings in air intake source as shown in Figure 1 can be found out deep mining cooling system schematic diagram, earth's surface high temperature air in summer (higher than 3～5 DEG C of local average temperatures of the whole year) is descending along superficial part downcast 1, under the suction function of the precooling fan 3 in superposed (n-1) individual superficial part goaf and 2 stage casings, place, waste and old tunnel (operation of precooling fan pull-out type), by all fresh distinguished and admirable introducing superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnels 2 of mine air intake, the low temperature rock mass in air intake and superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel 2 carries out interchange of heat, distinguished and admirable enthalpy reduces, airflow temperature reduces.Pass through the each layer of goaf of superficial part rock mass and the distinguished and admirable precooling in waste and old tunnel 2 with low temperature, import nethermost superficial part goaf and the 3 forced operations of this layer of precooling fan of waste and old tunnel 2(), all precooling is distinguished and admirable descending along deep downcast 4, after the forced blower fan at air inlet fan station 9, transfer to operation stage casing, deep 5, under exhaust fan effect through the air of work plane dirt at return fan station 10, discharge earth's surface along returnairshaft 6, realize the aeration-cooling of deep operating environment.In this case, air door 7 is closed, and cuts off by the distinguished and admirable and natural ventilation wind path 8 in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel 2.
Utilize superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel ground temperature when the distinguished and admirable precooling of deep air intake source part are as shown in Figure 2 found out deep mining cooling system schematic diagram, superficial part downcast 1 part is distinguished and admirable to enter in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel 2 under precooling fan 3 effects, descending along the ventilation wind path between goaf after precooling fan 3.Change the precooling fan 3 at undermost superficial part goaf and 2 places, waste and old tunnel into forced layout, after precooling distinguished and admirable with directly enter distinguished and admirable mixing of deep downcast 4 from earth's surface jointly flow to operation stage casing, deep 5, realize the distinguished and admirable precooling of part in air intake source, deep.
Winter is (lower than 3～5 DEG C of local average temperatures of the whole year) in the low temperature situation in earth's surface, stop precooling fan 3, open air door 7, superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel 2 are communicated with the natural ventilation wind path 8 that earth's surface forms, under natural airflow effect, the distinguished and admirable summer heat of bringing low temperature rock mass into is discharged to earth's surface.The descending middle control downcast of air intake in winter and superficial part goaf distinguished and admirable, allows the fresh distinguished and admirable deep that directly enters, earth's surface, reduces and airflow regulation absorbs heat and heats on the way.
In concrete enforcement, the present invention utilizes superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel ground temperature to have ventilation system Long-distance Control and an online monitoring system to the method for deep mining cooling is also supporting, can realize blower fan remote activation, stop, inverted ventilation, wind speed air quantity, aerial temperature and humidity on-line monitoring, and oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide gas concentration on-line monitoring function.
Claims (4)
1. utilize superficial part goaf and the waste and old tunnel ground temperature method to deep mining cooling, at the air intake in operation stage casing, deep (5), air inlet fan station (9) is set outward, at the air outlet in operation stage casing, deep (5), return fan station (10) is set outward; Described air inlet fan station (9) is connected with deep downcast (4); Described return fan station (10) is connected with returnairshaft (6); It is characterized in that: in superficial part goaf and each exit of waste and old tunnel (2) precooling fan (3) is respectively set, the quantity of precooling fan (3), parameter are carried out quantitative calculating according to thermophysical parameter, the thermophysical parameter in operation stage casing, deep (5), air balance law, the energy balance law of summer earth's surface average temperature of the whole year, superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2), and its quantity is set as n; On superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2) shared natural ventilation wind path (8), air door (7) is set; After the wind path parallel connection of superposed (n-1) individual superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2), import and be connected to nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2); It is T DEG C that local average temperature of the whole year is set, and the opening ways of the wind path UNICOM mode in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2), deep downcast (4), operation stage casing, deep (5) and precooling fan (3), air door (7) is:
(1) in the time of earth's surface temperature >=(T+4) DEG C, nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel and deep downcast, operation stage casing, deep order UNICOM, close air door, opens whole precooling fans;
(2) at (T-4) DEG C < at earth's surface temperature <(T+4) DEG C time, nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel and deep downcast, operation stage casing, deep order UNICOM, close air door, opening section precooling fan, precooling fan is opened quantity according to thermophysical parameter, the thermophysical parameter in operation stage casing, deep, air balance law, the energy balance law in earth's surface average temperature of the whole year, superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel carried out quantitative calculating at that time;
(3) in the time of earth's surface temperature≤(T-4) DEG C, open air door, stop precooling fan, in such cases, superficial part downcast directly and deep downcast be connected.
2. utilize superficial part goaf and the waste and old tunnel ground temperature method to deep mining cooling, at the air intake in operation stage casing, deep (5), air inlet fan station (9) is set outward, at the air outlet in operation stage casing, deep (5), return fan station (10) is set outward; Described air inlet fan station (9) is connected with deep downcast (4); Described return fan station (10) is connected with returnairshaft (6); It is characterized in that: in superficial part goaf and each exit of waste and old tunnel (2) precooling fan (3) is respectively set, the quantity of precooling fan (3), parameter are carried out quantitative calculating according to thermophysical parameter, the thermophysical parameter in operation stage casing, deep (5), air balance law, the energy balance law of summer earth's surface average temperature of the whole year, superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2), and its quantity is set as n; On superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2) shared natural ventilation wind path (8), air door (7) is set; After the wind path parallel connection of superposed (n-1) individual superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2), import and be connected to nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2); It is T DEG C that local average temperature of the whole year is set, and the opening ways of the wind path UNICOM mode in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2), deep downcast (4), operation stage casing, deep (5) and precooling fan (3), air door (7) is:
(1) in the time of earth's surface temperature >=(T+3) DEG C, nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel and deep downcast, operation stage casing, deep order UNICOM, close air door, opens whole precooling fans;
(2) at (T-3) DEG C < at earth's surface temperature <(T+4) DEG C time, nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel and deep downcast, operation stage casing, deep order UNICOM, close air door, opening section precooling fan, precooling fan is opened quantity according to thermophysical parameter, the thermophysical parameter in operation stage casing, deep, air balance law, the energy balance law in earth's surface average temperature of the whole year, superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel carried out quantitative calculating at that time;
(3) in the time of earth's surface temperature≤(T-3) DEG C, open air door, stop precooling fan, in such cases, superficial part downcast directly and deep downcast be connected.
3. utilize superficial part goaf and the waste and old tunnel ground temperature method to deep mining cooling, at the air intake in operation stage casing, deep (5), air inlet fan station (9) is set outward, at the air outlet in operation stage casing, deep (5), return fan station (10) is set outward; Described air inlet fan station (9) is connected with deep downcast (4); Described return fan station (10) is connected with returnairshaft (6); It is characterized in that: in superficial part goaf and each exit of waste and old tunnel (2) precooling fan (3) is respectively set, the quantity of precooling fan (3), parameter are carried out quantitative calculating according to thermophysical parameter, the thermophysical parameter in operation stage casing, deep (5), air balance law, the energy balance law of summer earth's surface average temperature of the whole year, superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2), and its quantity is set as n; On superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2) shared natural ventilation wind path (8), air door (7) is set; After the wind path parallel connection of superposed (n-1) individual superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2), import and be connected to nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2); It is T DEG C that local average temperature of the whole year is set, and the opening ways of the wind path UNICOM mode in superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel (2), deep downcast (4), operation stage casing, deep (5) and precooling fan (3), air door (7) is:
(1) in the time of earth's surface temperature >=(T+5) DEG C, nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel and deep downcast, operation stage casing, deep order UNICOM, close air door, opens whole precooling fans;
(2) at (T-5) DEG C < at earth's surface temperature <(T+4) DEG C time, nethermost superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel and deep downcast, operation stage casing, deep order UNICOM, close air door, opening section precooling fan, precooling fan is opened quantity according to thermophysical parameter, the thermophysical parameter in operation stage casing, deep, air balance law, the energy balance law in earth's surface average temperature of the whole year, superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel carried out quantitative calculating at that time;
(3) in the time of earth's surface temperature≤(T-5) DEG C, open air door, stop precooling fan, in such cases, superficial part downcast directly and deep downcast be connected.
4. the method for utilizing superficial part goaf and waste and old tunnel ground temperature to lower the temperature to deep mining as described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that: it is also provided with ventilation system Long-distance Control and on-line monitoring system, this system has the blower fan of realization remote activation, stops, inverted ventilation, wind speed air quantity, aerial temperature and humidity on-line monitoring, and oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, content of nitrogen dioxide on-line monitoring function.
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| CN102900452A (en) | 2013-01-30 |
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