CN102893184A - Personnel screening system - Google Patents
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- CN102893184A CN102893184A CN2011800240955A CN201180024095A CN102893184A CN 102893184 A CN102893184 A CN 102893184A CN 2011800240955 A CN2011800240955 A CN 2011800240955A CN 201180024095 A CN201180024095 A CN 201180024095A CN 102893184 A CN102893184 A CN 102893184A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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- G01V5/20—Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects
- G01V5/22—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
- G01V5/222—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays measuring scattered radiation
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Abstract
The present specification discloses an inspection system for detecting objects being carried by a person. The inspection system is highly modular and capable of being assembled by a two person team using conventional tooling equipment. In one embodiment, the inspection system has three primary modules- two detection modules and one radiation source module-that can be readily attached and detached from each other or to a frame and connected to a signal processing system to provide for a quick set up and tear down process.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application requires the right of priority of No. the 61/313772nd, the U.S. Provisional Patent Application submitted on March 14th, 2010, and this application is all incorporated this paper here by reference into.
The application requires the right of priority of No. the 61/423585th, the U.S. Provisional Patent Application submitted on November 15th, 2010, and this application is all incorporated this paper here by reference into.
In addition, the application requires the right of priority of No. the 61/423582nd, the U.S. Provisional Patent Application submitted on November 15th, 2010, and this application is all incorporated this paper here by reference into.
In addition, the application requires the right of priority of No. the 61/423586th, the U.S. Provisional Patent Application submitted on November 15th, 2010, and this application is all incorporated this paper here by reference into.
And, the application is that denomination of invention is " Security System for Screening People " and the part continuation application that transfers applicant's of the present invention U.S. Patent application 12/887510, this U.S. Patent application is to have identical denomination of invention, also transfer the continuation application of applicant's of the present invention U.S. Patent application 7826589, this paper is all incorporated in two patented claims here by reference into.
And, the application is that denomination of invention is " Personnel Screening System with EnhancedPrivacy " and the part continuation application that transfers applicant's of the present invention U.S. Patent application 12/849987, this U.S. Patent application is to have identical denomination of invention, also transfer the continuation application of applicant's of the present invention U.S. Patent application 7796733, this paper is all incorporated in two patented claims here by reference into.
Technical field
This instructions relates generally to a kind of security system that is included in the threat on the person for safety check, or rather, relates to a kind of personnel's safe examination system, comprise for improvement of the modular member of portability.
Background technology
Be used for the safety check crowd, be entrance system (portal system) roughly in the system based on radiation that uses such as transportation point such as airport, law courts at present, it is heavy, is unfavorable for using easily.It's a pity, the safe examination system of this prior art is compact not (for example, have the heavy rear end cable or wire that couples together for photomultiplier and centralized analog to digital conversion and power house), usually use and/or during transportation be difficulty with consuming time.
In addition, the ability of security system is confined to contraband goods, weapon, explosive and other dangerous goods of detection of concealed under clothes at present.Usually detect large metal and the explosive of some type with metal detector and chemical sniffer, yet existence can not be installed the numerous dangerous goods of kind that detect with these.Plastics and ceramic weapon have increased the type that needs the security personnel to remove the non-metal article that detects; The alternative speed of manually searching target is slow, inconvenient, and ordinary populace is not high to this tolerance, during particularly as the standard program in huge traffic hub, such as on the airport.
Be known in the art the image that can produce with the X ray scattering dissimilar material.The intensity of the X ray of scattering is relevant with the atomic number (Z) of the material that makes the X ray scattering.Usually, for less than 25 atomic number, along with atomic number increases, the intensity of backscattered X ray or X ray reflection are than reducing.Image is at first by the change of the atomic number of target subject and modulate.High Z materials presents special problem in personnel inspection, because be difficult to distinguish the background that also has low Z of high Z materials and target subject.
Known prior art for detection of the x-ray system that is hidden in the article on the person its design and method have limitation, this hinders the x-ray system acquisition as the low radiation dose of health requirements, or hindering the high-quality image of generation, low radiation dose and high image quality are the commercial condition precedents that can accept.The check system that operates under low-level radioactive exposure is subject to its utilization and obtains precision towards a small amount of radiation of people's orientation of being searched.X ray absorption and scattering have also reduced the total amount of the useful X ray of the image that forms people and any hiding article.In the system of prior art, the low ordinal number of the X ray of detection causes unacceptable bad picture quality.
If the X-ray examination system is used for open place, such as stadium, shopping mall, outdoor fair and exhibition etc., this problem can be more remarkable.In such place, people can be close to machine and/or with machine certain distance be arranged.If the very not close X-ray machine of the people who just is being scanned, the image that obtains so is just enough not clear, because very low to intelligent's radiation amount.This sweep limit with system is restricted to several feet places apart from machine the place ahead.Yet, if the people who just is being scanned from X-ray machine too close to, bump people's radiation amount can be dangerous.
In addition, the X ray safe examination system that is used for carrying out automatic threat detection that is configured in the airport of the U.S. (U.S.A) must be observed the guide of being worked out by U.S. safety management of traffic office (TSA).Present TSA guide requires can scan at least 6 feet 6 inches long people from the ancon to the ancon, at least 6 feet 6 inches long sweep lengths that are converted at least 103 centimetres from the ancon to the ancon.In addition, consider the traffic congestion that increases on the airport, the safe examination system that is configured in airport or other this handling capacity zone must provide the rapid scanning time, and preferably every scanning is approximately 10 seconds.In addition, safe examination system should preferably be consistent with control disabled person's law.In the U.S., safe examination system must be consistent with the regulations that Americans with disabilities act (ADA) proposes.
Therefore, what need is a kind of ray detector/source safe examination system of compactness, and it has improved detection efficiency, is light but enough firm, and is easy to dismounting being used for transportation, and the easily again assembling at the place, place.
In addition, need a kind of safe examination system, it is by means of the weight of modularization, less size, minimizing and assemble fast and be easy to configuration; And provide simultaneously higher sweep speed (higher personnel's handling capacity) and nearest processing electronic equipment.
Also need a kind of ray safe examination system, it provides good resolution and large-scale visual angle and rapid scanning speed, keeps simultaneously radioactive exposure to be in the safety margin.That is, not only to meet in-plant people be safe to being in this system, and can also provide good resolution and penetrance at distant location.Especially, conventional system can not expose at distance check system preset distance place, with the sweep speed of needs, with accessible radiation and produce the visual field (people of scanning predetermined altitude and width) that needs, to produce acceptable level of resolution.
Summary of the invention
In one embodiment, this instructions discloses a kind of check system of the article for detection of just being carried by static people, comprise the first detection system, be configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, described the first detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response; The second detection system is configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, and described the second detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response; X-ray source, be positioned in the involution spare between described the first detection system and described the second detection system, described x-ray source is connected to the chopper with diameter, and be configured to emitting x-ray and pass space between described the first detection system and described the second detection system, described space is limited by the width in 1/2 to 2 times scope of chopper diameter; And disposal system, be used for analyzing the electronic signal that is produced by described the first detection system and described the second detection system, and produce image at display.
Selectively, described chopper is wheel, and wherein said wheel has three slits, and each slit is all orientated 120 degree as with contiguous slit.The described slit collimator slit parallel with at least two aimed at, and the X ray of launching from described x-ray source shines described collimator slit conically, to produce in time interleaved at least two parallel scanning beams.Described chopper comprises the hollow cylinder with at least one threaded hole.Described the first detection system is contained in the first involution spare, and described the second detection system is positioned in the second involution spare.Described the first involution spare physically separates with described the second involution spare, and is independent of described the second involution spare.X-ray source involution spare physically separates with described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare, and is independent of described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare.Described first, second, and third involution spare is all less than 88 pound weights.Described the 3rd involution spare is detachably connected to described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare.Described first, second, and third involution spare all is detachably connected to framework.Described chopper comprises the disk chopper that is configured to by the motor rotation.The speed of described chopper wheel is dynamically controlled sweep velocity with the optimization X-ray beam by controller.
Selectively, described the first involution spare comprises the first side, is limited by the flat surfaces of the outer surface with inner surface and human oriented, and described the first side is configured to receive the radiation that scatters out from the people; The second side acutangulates relation with described the first side, and described the second side is limited by the flat surfaces with the surface, inside that is suitable for receiving the radiation of passing described the first side, and described the second side is configured to only receive this radiation after described the first side is passed in radiation; The first matrix is positioned the inside surface of described the first side, and described the first matrix also comprises be used to receiving described radiation and described radiation being changed into the activating area of light; The second matrix is positioned the inside surface of described the second side, and described the second matrix also comprises be used to receiving described radiation and described radiation being changed into the activating area of light; And at least one photoelectric detector, having photoresponse zone and non-photoresponse zone, described photoresponse zone is positioned, the light that emits from described the first matrix and described the second matrix with reception.
Selectively, described radiation comprises x-ray photon, and described the first matrix detects the x-ray photon of described the first side of impact of 30%-60%.Described the second matrix detects the 10%-30% of the x-ray photon that impacts described the first side.Described x-ray source produces vertical bundle spot pattern by being pivoted to second point from first, and described pivot is felt relieved around the predetermined point of rotation.Described x-ray source and chopper are connected to and are configured to vertically tilt and motor is made the plane of response with respect to induction element.Described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, described elevating mechanism be configured to that the counterweight of described x-ray source balance is connected.Described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, and described elevating mechanism connects with at least one lifting belt.Described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, and described elevating mechanism connects with gear reducer and motor, and described elevating mechanism does not connect with counterweight.
In another embodiment, this instructions discloses a kind of for detection of by the check system with article that the static people that is equal to or less than 6 feet 8 inches height and is equal to or less than 45 inches width carries, comprise: the first detection system, be configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, described the first detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response; The second detection system is configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, and described the second detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response; X-ray source, be positioned to have in a surface and the involution spare between described the first detection system and described the second detection system, described x-ray source is connected to chopper, and the surface that is configured to be positioned at as described people the described involution spare of distance is no more than 1 foot when locating, and generation can scan the visual field of described people's height and width; And disposal system, being used for analyzing the electronic signal that is produced by described the first detection system and described the second detection system, and producing image at display, described image has enough resolution visually to distinguish human body and explosive material.Enough resolution may be defined as the enough image resolution ratios that allow visual difference high Z materials and tissue, and high Z materials is such as the material that has less than 8 effective atomic number.Enough resolution also can be limited by those image parameters that the United States Patent (USP) 7110493 and 5181234 of incorporating by reference this paper into provides.
Selectively, described x-ray source is connected to the wave beam chopper wheel, and described chopper wheel has three slits, and each slit is all orientated as and contiguous slit 120 degree of being separated by.The described slit collimator slit parallel with at least two aimed at, and wherein, the X ray of launching from described x-ray source shines described collimator slit conically, to produce in time interleaved at least two parallel scanning beams.Described x-ray source is connected to chopper, and described chopper comprises the hollow cylinder with at least one threaded hole.Described the first detection system is contained in the first involution spare, and described the second detection system is contained in the second involution spare.Described the first involution spare physically separates with described the second involution spare, and is independent of described the second involution spare.Described x-ray source involution spare physically separates with described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare, and is independent of described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare.Described first, second, and third involution spare is all less than 88 pound weights.Described the 3rd involution spare is detachably connected to described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare.Described first, second, and third involution spare all is detachably connected to framework.Described chopper comprises the disk chopper that is configured to by the motor rotation.The speed of described chopper wheel is dynamically controlled sweep velocity with the optimization X-ray beam by controller.
Selectively, described the first involution spare comprises: the first side, limited by the flat surfaces of the outer surface with inner surface and human oriented, and described the first side is configured to receive the radiation that scatters out from the people; The second side acutangulates relation with described the first side, and described the second side is limited by the flat surfaces with the surface, inside that is suitable for receiving the radiation of passing described the first side, and described the second side is configured to only receive this radiation after described the first side is passed in radiation; The first matrix is positioned the inside surface of described the first side, and described the first matrix also comprises be used to receiving described radiation and described radiation being changed into the activating area of light; The second matrix is positioned the inside surface of described the second side, and described the second matrix also comprises be used to receiving described radiation and described radiation being changed into the activating area of light; And at least one photoelectric detector, having photoresponse zone and non-photoresponse zone, described photoresponse zone is positioned, the light that emits from described the first matrix and described the second matrix with reception.
Described radiation comprises x-ray photon, and described the first matrix detects the x-ray photon of described the first side of impact of 30%-60%.Described the second matrix detects the 10%-30% of the x-ray photon that impacts described the first side.Described x-ray source produces vertical bundle spot pattern by being pivoted to second point from first, and described pivot is felt relieved around the predetermined point of rotation.Described x-ray source and chopper are connected to and are configured to vertically tilt and motor is made the plane of response with respect to induction element.Described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, described elevating mechanism be configured to that the counterweight of described x-ray source balance is connected.Described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, and described elevating mechanism connects with at least one lifting belt.Described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, and described elevating mechanism is connected to gear reducer and motor, and described elevating mechanism is not connected to counterweight.
In another embodiment, this instructions discloses a kind of for detection of by the check system with article that the static people that is equal to or less than 6 feet 8 inches height and is equal to or less than 45 inches width carries, comprise: the first detection system, be configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, described the first detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response; The second detection system is configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, and described the second detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response; Radiation source, be positioned to have in a surface and the involution spare between described the first detection system and described the second detection system, described radiation source is connected to beam-forming device, and be configured to be no more than 1 foot when locating when described people is positioned at surface apart from described involution spare, generation can scan the visual field of described people's height and width, and further be configured in less than 20 seconds, finish scanning to described people, simultaneously described people is exposed under the radiation that is no more than 20 little rems; And disposal system, being used for analyzing the electronic signal that is produced by described the first detection system and described the second detection system, and producing image at display, described image has enough resolution visually to distinguish human body and explosive material.
In another embodiment, this instructions discloses a kind of for detection of by the check system with article that the static people that is equal to or less than 6 feet 8 inches height and is equal to or less than 45 inches width carries, comprise: the first detection system, be configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, described the first detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response; The second detection system is configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, and described the second detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response; Radiation source, be positioned to have in a surface and the involution spare between described the first detection system and described the second detection system, described radiation source is connected to beam-forming device, and be configured to be no more than 1 foot when locating when described people is positioned at surface apart from described involution spare, generation can scan the visual field of described people's height and width; Controller is used for controlling described radiation source being no more than at least one times scanning of carrying out described people in time of 20 seconds, and described people is exposed under the radiation that is no more than 20 little rems; And disposal system, being used for analyzing the electronic signal that is produced by described the first detection system and described the second detection system, and producing image at display, described image has enough resolution visually to distinguish human body and explosive material.
Selectively, described controller is configured to control described radiation source to be no more than the single pass of carrying out described people in time of 10 seconds.Described controller is configured to control described radiation source so that described people is exposed under the radiation that is no more than 5 little rems.Described radiation source is configured to when surface that described people is positioned at the described involution spare of distance when being no more than 10 inch, and generation can scan the visual field that equals 6 feet 6 inches or height still less and 40.5 inches or width still less.Described controller is configured to control described radiation source to be no more than the single pass of carrying out described people in time of 10 seconds, and described controller is configured to control described radiation source so that described people is exposed under the radiation that is no more than 5 little rems.
Description of drawings
These and other feature of the present invention and advantage will be recognized, because when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by with reference to following detailed description, they can become better understood, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 illustrates the exemplary X ray backscatter system structure for safe examination system of the present invention, comprises detection system and tower;
Fig. 2 A illustrates a plurality of views of the detecting device tower of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 2 B illustrates the exploded view of photomultiplier, installation sheet and signal processing card;
Fig. 2 C illustrates the exploded view that the subassembly of photomultiplier, installation sheet and signal processing card is wrapped in the structure in the detecting device tower;
Fig. 2 D illustrates the photomultiplier assembly of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 E illustrates the signal-processing board of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 F is the wiring diagram that four photomultipliers are connected with signal-processing board;
Fig. 2 G illustrates the table 1 of first group of bill of materials of the respective articles numbering of mark in the view that is included in Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 F;
Fig. 2 H illustrates the table 2 of second group of bill of materials of the respective articles numbering of mark in the view that is included in Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 F;
Fig. 3 A is the schematic diagram for the unassembled and packing of the example modular X ray backscatter system structure of personnel's safe examination system of the present invention, and this X ray backscatter system structure comprises detection system and tower;
Fig. 3 B is the assembling schematic diagram of the example modular X ray backscatter system structure shown in Fig. 3 A;
Fig. 4 illustrates in order to be easy to serve near the modular member of safe examination system of the present invention and the detecting device tower of pulling out from the radiation housing;
Fig. 5 A illustrates the top view of the exemplary modulation dish that uses in the safe examination system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 B illustrates electromagnetic machine with associating and the exemplary disk chopper assembly of bearing;
The x-ray source that Fig. 5 C illustrates is according to an embodiment of the invention, be connected to the disk chopper;
Fig. 6 A just illustrates the x-ray source that is combined with chopper wheel in the exemplary threat detection system, and " cam " mechanism of the inclination in the source of being connected to also is shown;
Fig. 6 B illustrates the stretch-out view of metal framework tilting cam mechanism 600, and the driving wheel that contacts with cam arm also is shown, so that the source can vertical movement;
Fig. 6 C illustrates the another kind of view of the module shown in Fig. 6 A, and the rotation platform that makes source and corresponding power supply rotation also is shown;
Fig. 7 A is the mechanical schematic of the exemplary design of an exemplary beams embodiment forming device;
Fig. 7 B illustrates the exemplary beams with x-ray source and forms device;
Fig. 7 C is according to an embodiment, uses the mathematic(al) representation of the wave beam track that has the rotary roll chopper of single source and obtain of the present invention;
Fig. 8 A illustrates an embodiment of the embodiment of safe examination system of the present invention, and wherein, the target that is in inspection presents stationary position;
Fig. 8 B is the process flow diagram that the method for the stationary position embodiment that uses the safe examination system of the present invention shown in Fig. 8 A is shown;
Fig. 9 A illustrates another embodiment of the safe examination system of the present invention in the use, wherein, and the target that is in detection this system that passes by;
Fig. 9 B is the process flow diagram that the method for walking embodiment of using the safe examination system of the present invention shown in Fig. 9 A is shown;
Figure 10 A uses the partitioning algorithm of one embodiment of the present of invention and the image that obtains;
Figure 10 B uses the partitioning algorithm of one embodiment of the present of invention and the image that obtains;
Figure 10 C is the close-up view of cutting apart article, cuts apart the image shown in Fig. 9 b that this close-up view obtains from the partitioning algorithm that uses one embodiment of the present of invention to obtain;
Figure 11 A uses the partitioning algorithm of one embodiment of the present of invention and the image that obtains;
Figure 11 B uses the partitioning algorithm of one embodiment of the present of invention and the image that obtains;
Figure 12 illustrates the side view that comes vertical scanning with the tailored radiation source;
Figure 13 is the top view that the exemplary safety check apparatus of the present invention's use is shown.
Embodiment
This instructions relates to the personnel's safe examination system that comprises modular member, and this modular member comprises detecting device and source unit.Modular member of the present invention allows to dismantle so that transport and easily needing the place to assemble to be used for compactness, the light and sufficiently solid general construction of inspection again.The modular construction of the novelty of safe examination system of the present invention also allows the independent assembling of modular member and Rapid fastener to be used for assembling.Similarly, modular member is easy to dismantle so that serve the parts that approach selection and/or be used for packing to be used for transportation subsequently.
This instructions still be not exposed to individuality under the high radiation, and keeps in the situation of safety check process efficiency, is used for the Innovative method at home place safety check individuality.Disclosed system has and biggest threat detection performance and the image definition of individuality at a distance of the range-independence of safe examination system.Therefore, in one embodiment, the present invention is the modularization imaging device, for detection of the hiding article that is carried by the human body that is in inspection.
In the X ray backscatter system for detection of hiding article, the pencil beam of X ray is in the body surface traversal of just checked human body.Detected by detecting device from the health scattering of target or the X ray of reflection, such as, for example scintillater and photomultiplier combination.The subject image of any hiding article that the signal that obtains that is produced by X-ray detector carries for generation of target with by target subsequently is such as profile.
In one embodiment, the present invention includes the first module, this first module also comprises housing to surround radiation source and to be used for towards the collimator apparatus of described human body guiding radiation, and wherein, described housing comprises the first and second angled side.
In one embodiment, use to be used for " body imaging " any can with the radiant image technology form ray image, the radiant image technology such as but be not limited to X ray scattering, infrared imaging, microwave imaging, RF imaging, radar imagery, holographic imaging, CT imaging and MRI.Can adopt any " body imaging " system with the possibility that shows the health details.In one embodiment, the present invention can adopt the detectable radiation of any photoelectricity or any radiation source with light beam.
In one embodiment, the present invention includes the second module, this second module also comprises the first and second teardrop shape detecting device towers, and wherein, each described detecting device tower also comprises with territory, an angle first, second, and third lateral areas connected to one another; And wherein, territory, described the first lateral areas comprises towards the human body that is in inspection to detect the primary scintillator screen of the radiation that scatters out from described human body, territory, described the second lateral areas comprises the secondary fluor screen, it is inner that described secondary fluor screen is positioned at each described tower, detect from described human body scatter out but in the situation that the radiation of detected transmission by described primary scintillator screen.
In one embodiment, the present invention includes a plurality of photomultipliers of the first and second covers, the a plurality of photomultipliers of described the first and second covers are enclosed in each inside of described the first and second detecting device towers, place in territory, contiguous described the 3rd lateral areas, and be created in described the first and second scintillator screen places detected, representative is from the signal of the intensity of the backscattered radiation of described human body.
In one embodiment, the present invention includes the 3rd module, the 3rd module also comprises the first and second semicircular shells roughly, to surround the back end electronics of a plurality of photomultipliers of described the first and second covers.
In one embodiment, the present invention includes the front end band, this front end band separates described the first and second detecting device towers, and comprises limited opening so that pass from the radiation of described radiation source, and then clashes into described human body.
In one embodiment, the present invention includes processor, for the treatment of the signal from a plurality of photomultipliers of described the first and second covers, and produce image in display device.
In another embodiment, the present invention uses the modularization imaging device to detect the method for the hiding article that is carried by the human body that is in inspection, the method comprises a step, operation is enclosed in the housing and forms radiation source and the collimator apparatus of the first module, to guide radiation towards described human body, wherein, described housing comprises the first and second angled side, and in the second module, detect at primary scintillator screen place from described human body backscattering out radiation and detect from described human body backscattering out at the secondary fluor screen, but in the situation that not detected transmission is by the radiation of described primary scintillator screen; Wherein, described the second module comprises the first and second teardrop shape detecting device towers, and wherein, each described tower also comprises with territory, an angle first, second, and third lateral areas connected to one another; And wherein, territory, described the first lateral areas comprises the described primary scintillator screen towards described human body, and territory, the second lateral areas comprises described secondary fluor screen.
In one embodiment, the method also comprises a step, produce representative from described human body backscattering out, use each inside, and the signal of the intensity of the radiation that detects at described the first and second scintillator screens of a plurality of photomultipliers of the first and second covers placed of territory, contiguous described the 3rd lateral areas that is enclosed in described the first and second detecting device towers.
In one embodiment, the method also comprises a step, processes the signal from a plurality of photomultipliers of described the first and second covers, and produces image in display device; Wherein, the back end electronics of a plurality of photomultipliers of described the first and second covers are enclosed in and form first and second roughly in the semicircular shell of the 3rd module; And the front end band with described the first and second detecting device towers separately, and comprise limited opening so that pass from the radiation of described radiation source, and then clash into described human body.
In one embodiment of the invention, the backscattering radiation of the described primary scintillator screen of 40% bump is detected by described primary scintillator screen, and approximately 20% residue backscattering radiation is detected by described secondary fluor screen.
In one embodiment, described collimator apparatus is chopper wheel.In one embodiment, described the first and second detecting device towers by described front end band with the distance in 1/2 to 2 times scope of described chopper wheel diameter separately.
In one embodiment, described back end electronics comprises the first and second signal-processing boards of a plurality of photomultipliers of contiguous described the first and second covers, wherein, described the first and second signal-processing boards all are equipped with at least one analog-to-digital conversion card and power module separately.
In one embodiment, the target that system of the present invention need to be in inspection only presents a posture, and this system uses the single source of detecting device, circuit and processor with single group, to produce two scanning beam and associated pictures of processing separately.
In one embodiment, check system is walked by system of the present invention, and its use has the single source of single group detecting device, circuit and processor, to produce two scanning beam and associated pictures of processing separately.
In another embodiment, this system is with the double source mode operation, but uses single group detecting device, circuit and processor.
This system allow by to such as the bank note of the anesthetic of the explosive material of trinitrotoluene, C-4 and pottery, graphite fiber, plastic containers, plastics weapon, vial, syringe, packing, binding and even wooden object effectively imaging detect threat.
In one embodiment, X ray backscattering imaging system design of the present invention becomes it to optimize for the human body or the closely in real time imaging of article that come with the inquiry radiation beam being in motion.This system can also be by processing the nearly in real time automatically threat on the inspection image data of detection algorithm.
The present invention relates to a plurality of embodiment.Following disclosing so that persons skilled in the art can realize the present invention is provided.The language that uses in this manual should not be construed as totally the denying of any one specific embodiment, perhaps should not be used for limiting claim and surpass as used herein term implication.In the situation that do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the General Principle of definition can be applied to other embodiment and application here.Equally, the term of use and word are in order to describe the purpose of exemplary embodiment, and should not think restrictive.Therefore, the present invention is endowed the wide region that comprises many alternative, modification and the analog consistent with disclosed principle and feature.For the sake of clarity, the details that relates to technologic material known in the technical field relevant with the present invention is not described in detail, with in order not make the present invention fuzzy.
Fig. 1 illustrates the exemplary X ray backscatter system structure for the modularization safe examination system 100 of novelty of the present invention.Referring to Fig. 1, x-ray source 160 is contained in the Modularized shell 165, and is in the narrow pencil beam 102 of X ray of the target 103 of inspection for generation of sensing.
In one embodiment, pencil beam 102 forms by X-ray tube and disconnected associating of restrainting mechanism 167.Pencil beam 102 flatly or vertically rasterisation is passed target.This rasterisation is that the disconnected mechanism of restrainting only allows X-ray beam with the result of minimum outlet aperture projection.If the employing chopper wheel is as described below, the diameter of outlet aperture is 1mm, causes departing from the approximately X-ray beam of 7mm.In one embodiment, target 103 is human.When object (people who just is being scanned) 103 poses or passes by safe examination system before safe examination system 100, pencil beam 102 colliding object that obtain, thus, at least a portion of X ray is reversed scattering.Be described in more detail below disconnected exemplary embodiment of restrainting mechanism 167.
Persons skilled in the art should be understood that, can use the ionizing radiation source of any amount that includes but are not limited to: gamma radiation, electromagnetic radiation and ultraviolet radiation.Preferably, the X ray energy of employing is between 30kV and 100kV.
In one embodiment, adopt sensor 104a and 104b to pose before safe examination system when him or she or the existing of human body when passing by safe examination system.
At least a portion bump detector means 106 of scattered x-ray 105.In one embodiment, the detector means 106 in the safe examination system of the present invention comprises be used to making feasible the first and second detecting device involution spares 110 and 120 of detection.In one embodiment, the first and second detecting device involution spares 110 and 120 are presented as the form of modularization detecting device tower, comprise at least one scintillator screen.In another embodiment, the first and second detecting device involution spares 110 and 120 are the modularization detecting device towers that comprise at least two detecting device screens.In the embodiment that substitutes, detecting device involution spare comprises the device of any amount, and the device of this any amount includes but are not limited to: a plurality of detecting device screens.The U.S. Patent application 12/262631 that denomination of invention is " MultipleScreen Detection System ", transfer applicant of the present invention is incorporated this paper here by reference into.In addition, the denomination of invention of submitting on March 14th, 2010 is all incorporated this paper here into by reference for the U.S. Patent application 62/313733 of " Multiple Screen Detection System ".
As shown in Figure 1, detecting device tower 110 and 120 all comprises territory, the first lateral areas 141, territory, the second lateral areas 142 and the territory, the 3rd lateral areas 143 that couples together to form each other the triangular-section with an angle separately.Territory, described the first lateral areas 141 comprises screen 147, and towards the target 103 that is in inspection.Territory, described the second lateral areas 142 comprises the second screen 148 that is positioned at tower inside.In one embodiment, screen 147, the 148th, relatively thick CaWO
4The scintillator screen, this scintillator screen has the relatively short fall time of 10 microseconds, and this relatively short fall time allows radiation beam with the image degradation rapid scanning of minimum.In one embodiment, CaWO
4Screen can detect about 70% backscattering or the radiation of transmission, thereby every 30keV X ray produces about 250 available optical photons.In addition, use thicker screen can be output as cost with lower light and detect the radiation that are incident on the detecting device more.In one embodiment, the surface density of screen is 80 milligrams every square centimeter.
In one embodiment, be fastened to pedestal in order to make the detecting device tower, large diameter rotator bolt pretension is affixed to pedestal, so that the detecting device tower can " rotate " and be locked on the pedestal.In case radiation source and housing are connected to pedestal, the detecting device tower just can not move and break away from (twisted off).Radiative envelope body region 165 comprises the first angled side 170 (angular side) and the second angled side 171, so that when detecting device tower and radiation source housing in conjunction with or when fitting together, they are easy to the side 142 against detecting device tower 110 and 120, and consistent with the side 142 of detecting device tower 110 and 120.Object-oriented 103 front band 172 comprises opening 173, and X-ray beam 102 passed this opening before bump target 103.Limited opening 173 helps to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiated noise.Side slat band 172 also serves as the separation vessel for two detecting device towers so that two detecting device towers be assembled in symmetrically incident X-rays pencil beam 102 around, detecting backscattering X ray 105, and provide the electronic signal characteristic of X ray reflection ratio.
In one embodiment, detecting device tower 110 and 120 is separated by band 172, so that chopper wheel or other beam collimation device are positioned at the centre of two towers.Two towers 110,120 distance of separations " d ", this distance is in one embodiment in 1/2 to 2 times scope of chopper wheel diameter.Distance ' ' d ' ' defines the visual field for x-ray source, and optimizes for enough visual fields, prevents that simultaneously crossing of detecting device from exposing.
According to one embodiment of present invention, detecting device tower 110,120 and radiation housing 165 have the composite wall that optimized firm but light general construction is provided or any other similar non-conductive material that those skilled in the art understand.Exactly, radiation source and back end electronics, the electric wire and cable relevant with photomultiplier be contained in created faraday cup in the composite wall, thereby basically reduced electromagnetic interference (EMI).
In an embodiment of the present invention, detecting device tower 110,120 also comprises the light-emitting device on peripheral or any one edge that is positioned at front area 141, such as light emitting diode, is used for illumination indication safe examination system and begins and/or the safety check well afoot.Tower 110,120 each comprise be placed on tower inside, next-door neighbour territory, the 3rd lateral areas 143 photomultiplier 150.The back end electronics of photomultiplier 150 is contained in roughly in the semicircular shell 151.
Fig. 2 A to 2F illustrates the CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION of the detecting device tower of a specific embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 2 G and 2H illustrate the relevant bill of materials of respective articles numbering of mark in the view with Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 F.Exactly, Fig. 2 A illustrates skeleton view and their front view 205, top view 215 and side views 216 separately of equality detector tower 210 and 220.In one embodiment, tower has 67 inches height ' h ', 30 inches transverse width ' w ' and 16 inches maximum ga(u)ge ' t '.
Referring now to the exploded view of detecting device tower among Fig. 2 B and the 2C,, simultaneously, installation sheet 225 be shown as be installed in when assembling on the sheet 225 four photomultiplier assemblies 230 " disengaging " with separate.According to embodiments of the invention, the back end electronics of photomultiplier 230 comprises and being co-located on the installation sheet 225 and the signal-processing board 235 contiguous with photomultiplier.Fig. 2 D provides the more detailed view of photomultiplier assembly 230, and Fig. 2 E illustrates the detailed view of signal-processing board 235 simultaneously, and in this was implemented, signal-processing board was and four four-way cards that photomultiplier is corresponding.
At least one analog-to-digital conversion card and a power module are installed on the signal-processing board 235.Power module is applied to photomultiplier with operating voltage, and simultaneously, analog-to-digital conversion card will be converted to the digital signal of processing for further from the pulse current of photomultiplier output.Usually, adopt a large amount of cables so that photomultiplier is coupled together with being positioned at from central mould number converter and the power house of photomultiplier a distance.By making the more close photomultiplier of power supply and analog to digital converter, the electric wire that needs still less thus, has also reduced the signal transient noise, and has improved total signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) (SNR).Similarly, Fig. 2 F illustrates the connection of four photomultipliers 230 and signal-processing board 235.
Refer again to Fig. 2 B and 2C, simultaneously, seal 226 allows to comprise that the subassembly of installation sheet 225, photomultiplier 230 and signal-processing board 235 closely is installed into corresponding column foot section 227.The mutual structural cover protection that connects of one cover also allows easily to approach the photomultiplier that is positioned on the installation sheet assembly when needed.This nested structure comprises the angle lid 240 with connector angle lid 241; Closing lid 245 with corresponding connectors 246; Two neat lateral plates 250 and top and bottom handle framework 255.
Return referring to Fig. 1, in one embodiment, check system 100 has modular member, and this modular member can be dismantled for moving and being easy to and transport, and assembles in interested place again.Therefore, having that the teardrop shape detecting device tower 110,120 of relevant electronic equipment and cable and radiation source housing 165 manufacture can be fast in conjunction with independent module or cabinet with formation system 100.Novel teardrop shape modular construction makes compact and light total system 100 becomes possibility.
Fig. 3 A illustrates the dismounting view 300a of safe examination system of the present invention, such as detecting device tower 310,320 and the modular member of radiation source housing 365 be dismantled and assembled and can pack, to be easy to transportation.For example, detecting device tower 310,320 triangular-section make these parts against each other and pack in the mode of the minimum transport space of needs.Fig. 3 B illustrates the assembled view 300b of the safe examination system that the shipping parcel 300a according to Fig. 3 A makes up.The modular member of safe examination system of the present invention or cabinet are designed to them and have simple and tie point intuitively, such as can be secured to one another to be used for rapid-assembling by means of snap-fastener.In one embodiment, assembling/configure safe examination system from transportation, the packed state of safe examination system need to be less than 30 minutes time.In one embodiment, assemble/configure safe examination system from transportation, the packed state of safe examination system and need about 15 minutes to 30 minutes time.In one embodiment, depend on whether need heating or cooling unit so that the unit enters the safe operation temperature assembling/setup time.
Persons skilled in the art should be understood that the modular member design of safe examination system of the present invention also is convenient to R and M.
For example, Fig. 4 illustrates the assembling/configuration view 400 of safe examination system of the present invention, and detecting device tower 410 is pulled away from radiation housing 465, to be used near housing 465 and/or to be used for the selectivity R and M of tower 410.
Return referring to Fig. 1, during operation, when the target 103 detecting device tower 110,120 or when standing in detecting device tower 110,120 the place ahead of passing by, bump target 103 as the part of the pencil beam 102 of the X ray of ray 105 owing to Compton scattering is reversed scattering, and impact first on the zone, front side 141 that is positioned at the detecting device tower and shield 147.Although the part of scattered x-ray is detected by the first screen 147, the some parts of these rays is not in the situation that detected, and transmission is by the first screen 147, and impact is positioned at second screen 148 (at side 142 places) of detecting device tower inside.In one embodiment, the x-ray photon of impact the first screen 147 of about 40% is detected by the first screen, and about 24% residue x-ray photon is detected by the second screen 148.Should be noted in the discussion above that these number percents change according to the energy of X ray and the thickness of scintillator screen.
Be directed to processor by two detecting device towers 110,120 electronic signals that produce.The signal that this processor analysis receives, and produce image in display device.The intensity of the every bit on the image that shows is with when the wave beam rasterisation passes through target, and the relative intensity of the scattered x-ray of detection is corresponding.In one embodiment, x-ray source 160 is sent to processor with synchronizing signal.The signal of processor analyzing and testing, and itself and synchronizing signal compared, to determine to show image.In one embodiment, display device is monitor, and is used for showing the image by processor signal.Display device can be any display or the monitor that this area is known altogether, comprises CRT monitor, LCDs monitor or light emitting diode monitor.In one embodiment, the digitized dispersion image that is shown by display device is preferably 480 row * 160 row, and every pixel is 8.Be described in more detail below image processing techniques.
As mentioned above, only allow X-ray beam with the disconnected bundle mechanism of minimum outlet aperture projection by adopting, so that pencil beam 102 raster type scans (rastered) flatly or vertically on target.In one embodiment, disconnected bundle mechanism is the chopper wheel with three slits, described three slits are mutually positioning to be 120 degree, and the collimator slit parallel with two aimed at, so that each chopper slit is when leaving one of parallel collimator slit, another just in time enters relative parallel slits.This has produced two parallel scanning beams, described two in time staggered scannings of parallel scanning beam, and, even in the situation of single shared detector array, circuit and the processing of all using the single source that shines two parallel slits, described two parallel scanning beams can be processed individually conically.
Fig. 5 A illustrates the top view of exemplary modulation dish 500, and this chopper wheel can be used for using single source to obtain Double-visual angle (using two parallel, interleaved scanning beams).Chopper wheel 500 has each other three slit 501a, 501b and the 501c that places with the angular distances of 120 degree.Also have two parallel collimator slit 502a and 502b.The direction of motion of arrow 503 expression chopper wheels is clockwise in this embodiment.This layout produces two " stagger arrangement " parallel sweep wave beams, and is as discussed previously, and therefore this in time staggered scanning of parallel sweep wave beam can use common detecting device, circuit and processing element to process respectively this two parallel sweep wave beams.
In one embodiment, use the electromagnetic machine driver dynamically to control the rotation of disk chopper assembly.Fig. 5 B illustrates electromagnetic machine with associating and the exemplary disk chopper assembly of bearing.Referring to Fig. 5 B, disk chopper 501 is connected to radiation source 502, and in one embodiment, this radiation source comprises X-ray tube.Electromagnetic machine 503 and X-ray tube 502 and chopper 501 combinations.Electric machine assembly also comprises three pressurized bearings 504 and is used for the V-groove 505 of belt gear support section.
In one embodiment, described radiation source comprises the X-ray tube of preferably being controlled by the X ray controller.Provide two cooling fans to disperse the heat that produces around the X-ray tube.X-ray source is connected to the disk chopper.Provide the chopper motor to realize the rotation of chopper wheel.The chopper motor is controlled by controller unit, and this controller unit also is equipped with suitable power supply.Be used for the alternating current distribution of whole detecting unit and the bottom that dc power supply is placed on involution spare.Fig. 5 C illustrates the X-ray tube (source) 501 that is connected to disk chopper 502, has removed electric machine assembly.
In one embodiment, the X-ray examination system also comprises parametric detector, and this parametric detector remedies and monitor each launching beam, and further serves as for the radiological monitor of monitoring in the emitted radiation of inspection area.In one embodiment, this parametric detector is positioned such as in the light path before the disconnected beam device of chopper disk.When beginning to form sweep trace, this parametric detector also can be positioned after the disconnected beam device such as the chopper disk.In this case, can accept ground, radiation detector stop wave beam first twice.
Fig. 6 A is illustrated in the exemplary threat detection system, with the x-ray source that is combined with such as Fig. 5 A, 5B and the described chopper wheel of 5C.Described source and chopper wheel are connected to inclination " cam " mechanism, so that in the vertical movement process of X-ray beam, the space between the sweep trace about equally.Referring to Fig. 6 A, module comprises the cam mechanism 602 of the inclination that connects with x-ray source assembly 610, and the cam mechanism of x-ray source assembly and inclination is contained on the framework 620.The cam mechanism 602 that tilts also comprises cam guide 604.In addition, motor also is contained on the framework 620, is used for driving cam mechanism and the belt that can promote described source.In one embodiment, handle is connected to source component 610, is used for source component is matched metal cam guidance framework 604 and removes source component from metal cam guidance framework 604.In different embodiment, all parts of source component all pass through to use nut, screw and the clamp of preliminary dimension to be connected to connect securely.In addition, provide belt elevator 606 with further lifting and the described source of balance.
Fig. 6 B illustrates the stretch-out view of tilting cam mechanism 602, and the driving wheel 640 with cam arm 642 butts also is shown, and makes the source can vertical movement.
In another embodiment, adopt counterweight so that the pressure on source balance and the minimizing lifting motor.In another embodiment, adopt two belt elevators with the described source of balance, this has eliminated counter poise, and obtains lighter source.In another embodiment, can adopt gear reducer (reduce at 15: 1) and the motor of high torque more, to eliminate the counter poise of use, be 1/15th of motor weight because present described source looks.Yet in this case, motor must rotate with 15 speeds, to obtain identical radiation pattern.
Return the A referring to Fig. 6, source component 610 comprises x-ray source 612 and by the disc wheel cutting mechanism 614 of making such as the suitable material of metal or plastics, this disc wheel cutting mechanism is used for guiding the X ray 616 that is produced by x-ray source in the direction of expectation.In one embodiment, source component 610 also comprises the high-voltage power supply that makes the source component running.In an embodiment, x-ray source 612 is restrainted the narrow pencil beam that mechanism 614 produces X ray with breaking, and the narrow pencil beam of this X ray is pointed to the target that is in inspection, travels through to produce sweep trace by source rotation or wave beam.In one embodiment, disc wheel cutting mechanism 614 selectively connects with cooling fin, and this cooling fin dissipates by the heat of the chopper wheel generation of rotation.Fig. 6 C illustrates another view of the module shown in Fig. 6 A, and rotation platform 650 also is shown, so that source and corresponding power supply rotation, and then increases the visual field that obtains, as following in conjunction with Figure 13 in detail as described in.
Persons skilled in the art should be appreciated that radiation source is usually very heavy.In order to hold the weight of x-ray source, the chopper wheel that as above adopts structure must be quite large, therefore increased the general assembly (TW) of system.Therefore, in another embodiment, safe examination system of the present invention is equipped with the rotary roll chopper, and this rotary roll chopper is designed to present the spiral profile aperture blocking device for the X-ray beam scanner, and be light weight and be easy to configure.In addition, necessity of source rotation has been eliminated in the use of rotary roll chopper, but wave beam is from-45 degree to+45 degree traversals.
In one embodiment, the rotary roll chopper allows physical characteristics by revising chopper devices or geometric configuration and change speed and beam spot size.In addition, the rotary roll chopper provides the bundle spot of the vertical movement with constant size and speed, allowing equably lighting object, and produces during operation wider visual field.
Fig. 7 A illustrates the exemplary design for an embodiment of rotary roll chopper, as used in different embodiments of the invention.In one embodiment, chopper 702 is with the form manufacturing of hollow cylinder with spiral chopper slit 704.The cylindrical chopper 702 that makes can rotate around Z axis with threaded hole 704, produces the rotary roll motion.
Therefore, the X-ray beam scanner that adopts rotary roll chopper of the present invention is realized disconnected bundle by the hollow cylinder 702 that whirler is processed with at least two spiral slit 704, this so that X ray with constant and variable linear sweep wave beam speed and sewwp beam spot size scanning.The rotary roll chopper obtains constant and variable linear sweep wave beam speed by handling the geometric configuration of threaded hole.In one embodiment, the gradient (pitch) by handling threaded hole along the length of rotary roll chopper and the angle of roll (roll) come change speed or maintenance speed constant.Therefore, might have constant speed or reduce sweep velocity towards the more high-resolution zone of needs.
The rotary roll chopper also obtains variable and constant beam spot size by the geometric configuration of handling threaded hole, has therefore changed the beam power that obtains.In one embodiment, might handle the developed width in aperture, with the change beam spot size.In one embodiment, the width of threaded hole changes along the cylindrical length of rotary roll chopper, with the variable range at the center of compensate opening footpath distance sources, and allows along sweep trace projection fibers spot equably.Therefore, in one embodiment, the aperture distance sources is far away, and the width of threaded hole is narrower, to produce less beam spot size.In one embodiment, the aperture distance sources is nearer, and threaded hole is wider, to produce larger beam spot size.
When being used for the body scan data system, might change gradient and the angle of roll and the width of threaded hole, need the more body region (hair, pin etc.) of details and resolution so that more beam scanning power points to, power still less points to the body region (upper abdomen etc.) more responsive to radiation.
Spiral slit 704 guarantees that also the projection of X-ray beam is not by the dual collimation restriction of two slits.Discussed in more detail below, dual collimation refers to X-ray beam in time passes through two spiral slit at set point theory.The X-ray beam track 730 that obtains is also shown among Fig. 7 A, describes in more detail below in conjunction with Fig. 7 C.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can the spiral slit by the rotary roll chopper obtain in a plurality of field angle of 60 degree in the 90 degree scopes.In one embodiment, scan angle is the function of distance between rotary roll chopper and source and the target.In addition, the general assembly (TW) of rotary roll chopper and diameter affect field angle.The rotary roll chopper from the source more close to, the rotary roll chopper that needs is less, similarly, the rotary roll chopper from the source more away from, the rotary roll chopper that needs is larger.
Fig. 7 B illustrates the disconnected bundle mechanism that uses the described rotary roll chopper of Fig. 7 A.Referring to Fig. 7 B, cylindrical rotary roll chopper 752 is placed on radiation source 754 the place aheads, and in one embodiment, this radiation source comprises X-ray tube.In one embodiment, the rotation of chopper 752 promotes by comprising the suitable motor 758 such as electromagnetic machine.In another embodiment, following described in more detail, adopt magnetic bearing so that the rotary moving of rotary roll chopper of the present invention.Speed or the rotating speed of the rotation of rotary roll chopper are controlled dynamically to optimize sweep velocity.In one embodiment, rotary roll chopper system can obtain the speed up to 80K RPM.
In one embodiment, radiation shield is arranged on the radiation source 754, so that only produce the fan-shaped beam of radiation from the source.The fan-shaped beam emission X ray of radiation, and pass and serve as the initiatively rotary roll chopper of dimmer.Therefore, when rotary roll chopper and threaded hole rotation, only there is the little opening of the flying spot wave beam that provides mobile.
Fig. 7 B also illustrates disk chopper wheel 760, and it is arranged on the source with the rotary roll chopper.Can find out from Fig. 7 B, chopper wheel 760 is larger than rotary roll chopper 752 haply.
According to embodiments of the invention, in a distance from beam center, spiral slit (the rotary roll chopper) maintenance is wider than other position.Fig. 7 C illustrates according to an embodiment, uses the mathematic(al) representation of the wave beam track 770 of single source acquisition.In order to obtain the size of helical cuts on the rotary roll right cylinder, removed a dimension (dimension) of this track.Or rather, slit is 755 narrower at the top, because have longer distance to go to advance at the top wave beam.What note is that when the X ray wave beam was advanced by any opening, wave beam was collimated.It is far away that wave beam is advanced, and " spot " (fan-shaped beam) that obtains is wider in the end of wave beam.755 places narrow down at the top by making slit, have solved this long distance and wave beam and have widened.In addition, nearer apart from object, such as putting 780 places, slit is wider.In addition, persons skilled in the art should be understood that the size by the control slit, can control the density of the wave beam of straight projection.
The denomination of invention of submitting on March 14th, 2010 is all incorporated this paper into by reference for No. the 61/313772nd, U.S. Provisional Patent Application and corresponding children's application thereof of " Walk-Through People ScreeningSystem ".
It is directly related with minimum scanning height with the distance of object that system of the present invention is designed to the disconnected mechanism of restrainting.This permission source is longer to the distance of object, thus, has extended the depth of field with respect to the dose rate that arrives object.Therefore, for given imaging depth, compare with other system known in the art, system of the present invention needs less radiation dose.
In an embodiment, this safe examination system is based on X ray backscattering method.In the X ray backscatter system for detection of hiding article, the pencil beam of X ray travels through on the surface of just checked target subject.Detected by the detecting device such as scintillator and photomultiplier combination from the X ray of target subject scattering or reflection.Then, the subject image of any hiding article that the signal that obtains that is produced by X-ray detector carries for generation of target with by target is such as profile.The design of X ray backscattering imaging system of the present invention is optimized for the inquiry radiation beam to come human body or closely in real time imaging of article.This system can also be by means of processing the nearly in real time automatically threat on the inspection image data of detection algorithm.
In the first embodiment, X ray safe examination system of the present invention is embodied as fixed safe examination system, wherein, requires just checked people to rest on preposition, and presents the attitude that can scan.
In a second embodiment, X ray safe examination system of the present invention is embodied as the traveling type system, wherein, is scanned when requiring just checked people to pass by this system.
In order to obtain the 2D image of scattered radiation, detector system uses the twin shaft scanning beam.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 8 A illustrates the first embodiment of the embodiment of safe examination system of the present invention, and wherein, the target that is in inspection presents stationary position.Therefore, in an embodiment, X ray safe examination system of the present invention is embodied as fixed safe examination system.Fig. 8 A illustrates the exemplary design of the stationary posture embodiment of safe examination system of the present invention.This safe examination system 800 comprises that the first scan-side 802, the second scan-side 804 and operator stand 806.The people's 808 who just is being scanned ray image is presented at and is arranged at the operator and stands on the screen 810 at 806 places.
Each scan-side comprises at least one radiation source and a plurality of detecting device (not shown).
In one embodiment, safe examination system of the present invention selectively comprises the shoes scanner.Therefore, in one embodiment, the shoes scanner is incorporated safe examination system of the present invention into.Different shoes scanners use in conjunction with safe examination system of the present invention.
The invention exercise question that transfers applicant of the present invention is all incorporated this paper for the U.S. Patent application 12/948738 of " X-Ray Based System and Methodsfor Inspecting a Person ' s Shoes for Aviation Security Threats " into by introducing.
In one embodiment, two scan-side 102 and 104 couple together by the flat or arch top that forms arched door at top section.
Fig. 8 B is the process flow diagram that the method for the stationary position embodiment that uses the safe examination system of the present invention shown in Fig. 8 A is shown.Referring to Fig. 8 A and 8B, in step 801, the first man that just is being scanned is come into by two scan modules 802 and 804 inspection areas that limit, as described in Fig. 8 A.
Return the B referring to Fig. 8, in step 822, the people stops and rotates towards a side.In step 824, the people places his/her hand forward, simultaneously the finger contact head.In step 824, the people's who just is being scanned posture as Fig. 8 A 808 shown in.
In step 826, the people kept this posture about 6 seconds, and scanning process occurs simultaneously.
In step 828, first man leaves safe examination system 800, and moves to retaining zone, is used for simultaneously the health of human body and automatic target identification (ATR) result of optional shoes and is presented at for the screen of analyzing.Selectively, in step 828, the next man to be scanned enters by two scan modules 802 and 804 inspection areas that limit.
In step 830, determine whether first man does not have suspicion, namely whether the scan image of first man shows the threat article.If first man does not have suspicion, he/her leaves retaining zone in step 832.If first man has suspicion, in step 834, he/her is accompanied further checks.
In optional embodiment, provide scan instruction by means of the laser projection system to the people who just is being scanned, such as the instruction that enters, rotates, raises one's hand etc. to a side.In an embodiment, the top of laser projection system embedment safe examination system 800, and during scanning process at side 802 or 804 place's idsplay orders.In an embodiment, the laser projection system is designed to idsplay order, status information, advertisement or any other is positioned at data on scan module 802,804 the wall, and therefore during scanning process, the information of demonstration aligns the people who is scanned and can see.
In another embodiment, in safe examination system 800, use video analysis, with prior to scanning with estimate people's attitude in scan period.Video analysis can be implemented to comprise infrared and various forms of optical detections visible light, to determine a) shape of individual attitude, a plurality of shapes of accepting of b) storing in the shape of more individual attitude and the storehouse, c) if the shape of individual attitude can not be mated a plurality of at least one of shape accepted, generation is based on the signal that is in error span of described comparison, and d) provides warning, instruction or other indication, pointing out the individual to revise his or her attitude, thereby form acceptable shape.
In another embodiment, X ray safe examination system of the present invention is embodied as the traveling type system, wherein, requires just checked people this system that passes by.In another embodiment of the present invention, shown in Fig. 9 A is more detailed, adopt single axle scanning beam, object this single axle scanning beam of passing by.The walking movement of object provides the second axle of motion.Therefore, fixing vertical scanning wave beam consists of an axle of motion, and the set goal is by passing by or being transmitted through the second axle that the vertical scanning wave beam provides motion.Wave beam can be orientated for vertical movement, to allow less opening and best detecting device location, as mentioned above.
Return referring to Fig. 1, move through any given time of vertically mobile form of a stroke or a combination of strokes X-ray beam 102 at the target 103 that is in inspection or object, the motor by the control chopper wheel is the exact position of wave beam (following described in more detail) as can be known.At each constantly, detector means 106 provides the measurement response of backscattering X ray, and its intensity is presented in the image that obtains.Because pencil beam is known definitely in each position constantly of detecting the backscattering ray by this system, thus image can " sew up " together, to form the complicated image of object.
In one embodiment, fixing vertical scanning wave beam consists of an axle of motion, and the set goal is by walking or be transmitted through the second axle that vertical scanning beam provides motion.This structure is favourable, because single axle wave beam requires to be positioned at the very little rectangular aperture on the detecting device panel.In utilizing the current backscattering detection system of twin shaft scanning beam, mechanical component requires the significant through opening between detecting device, leaves to allow scanning beam.Why need significant opening, because for twin shaft scanning beam system, when object is static (chopper wheel of rotation provides an axle of motion, and the vertical movement of the chopper wheel of this rotation provides the second axle of motion), the pencil beam of X ray is throwed in the horizontal direction.Therefore, in order to cover the size of human object, opening must be wider to allow wave beam to cover whole human body.In addition, conventional large scale opening allows the major part of backscattering radiation not to be detected and to escape.
Single axle scanning system of the present invention has merged the little rectangular aperture 172 between detector region 110 and 120, so that X ray is from wherein penetrating.And little opening 172 is so that be positioned at extra and/or larger detecting device panel in the direct specular scattering path and become possibility, thereby improved picture quality.
Fig. 9 A illustrates an embodiment of safe examination system of the present invention, in use, and the target that is in inspection this system that passes by.Referring to Fig. 9 A, each scan-side 910 and the second scan-side 920 be for generation of the inspection area, the individuality to be scanned inspection area of passing by.This first scan-side 910 comprises two detecting device panel towers 911 and 912.In one embodiment, X ray involution spare 913 also is close to the first scan-side 910.The second scan-side 920 is positioned the one side relative with the first scan-side 910 on walkway, thereby forms inspection area or volume 940.The second scan-side 920 comprises two detecting device panel towers 921 and 922.The second X ray involution spare is close to the second scan-side 920.
Operator's screen 960 also presents respectively front elevation and rear view 952 and 954 except full figure picture 956 individually.And, walk in the device such, by making a few individual queuings pass by inspection area and these several individuals of safety check rapidly.In exemplary application, operator's screen 960 also shows from the front image of three people's formation and rear image 952 and 954.
Fig. 9 B is the process flow diagram that the method for walking embodiment of using the safe examination system of the present invention shown in Fig. 9 A is shown, and the method is discussed in conjunction with Fig. 9 B.
In step 970, the first man that just is being scanned is passed by by two scan- side 910 and 920 inspection areas that limit, shown in Fig. 9 A.In one embodiment, the people who just is being scanned is transmitted or moves through surveyed area by mobile passage.
In step 972, when target 930 was passed by this system, the first scan-side and the second scan-side scanning target were with acquisition people's front LOOK LEFT and the image of rear LOOK RIGHT.In one embodiment, the first scan-side 910 and the second scan-side 920 are sequentially to scan target time delay minimum between the scanning.Therefore, target 930 need to not to be rotated or stop in order to scan; When the people passes by inspection area 940, can produce simply complete image.
In step 974, first man leaves safe examination system 900, and moves to retaining zone, and automatic target identification (ATR) result who is used for simultaneously human body is presented at for operator's screen of analyzing, and the generation image that obtains is stood the operator and 850 checked.Be used for imaging since comprise the scan-side of source and detector array, the image that is produced by each scan-side so also can be checked individually.
This external step 974, the inspection area that the next man to be scanned passes by and limited by two scan modules.
In step 976, determine whether first man is pure, namely whether the scan image of first man shows the threat article.If first man is pure, he/her leaves retaining zone in step 978.If first man has suspicion, in step 980, he/her is accompanied further checks.
This walks the novel designs of system so that can utilize low-level radiation dose to detect weapon and hazardous material, and no matter whether they comprise metal, high Z or high Z materials.Radiation dose is in the scope less than 20 little rems, preferably less than 10 little rems, and more preferably less than 5 little rems, and even more preferably less than 1 little rem.This enters outlet structure compares with conventional system, can hold the crowd of high-throughput, because just by everyone of the safety check entrance of only passing by.And, just do not needed to stop and rotate his or her health like that according to what the scanner system operator instructed by the people of safety check.In addition, use that this object passes by enter outlet structure the time, according to its relatively limited zone, easier with comprise metal detector, medicine and blast sniffer and video camera other walk device and be combined.
Should be appreciated that, check system can to human body (be included in the clothes or under clothes) with metal and non-metal article (comprising blast and nonmetal weapon) imaging, and do not need to remove clothes, and can process the image of generation, only to show body contour, and highlighted threat or the illegal article that comprise organic or inorganic material, cover simultaneously private physical trait, thereby produce privacy image (privacyimage).This check system can be configured to the operator only can use the privacy image.Perhaps, it is default image that this system can be configured to the privacy image, and the original image that produces prior to the processing that only shows body contour and threat or illegal article still can the person of being operated use.
In each embodiment, safe examination system of the present invention provides improved image resolution ratio, obtains better graphical analysis.In an embodiment, obtain improved image resolution ratio by the focus that reduces one or more X-ray tubes generations of being adopted by safe examination system.Less focus causes producing image with less resolution and improved picture quality.In addition, less resolution allows the edge of detected image in the image, such as but be not limited to the edge of a knife.In an embodiment, change one or more X-ray tubes, to obtain less focus.If the power of X-ray tube is reduced to 70kV from 140kV, focal spot size reduces to 0.8mm * 0.8mm from 1.5mm * 1.5mm.Since X-ray tube does not require that power up to 140kV to satisfy the operation of safe examination system, reduces so power and can cause obtaining the same with 20 standard liness at least good image resolution ratio.
The image analysis algorithm that the present invention adopts also helps quick security check, because its generation image usually need to be less than 1 second time.The image processing software of detection system of the present invention uses suitable algorithm with reconstructed image, such as will independent front image and rear image combining producing complete image, and be used for graphical analysis to determine threat.In one embodiment, partitioning algorithm is used for difference threat article.Figure 10 A to 10C illustrates the example that uses partitioning algorithm.Referring to Figure 10 A, image 1001 shows that health does not carry people's (harmless target) of threat.In Figure 10 B, image 1002 shows the people who carries knapsack 1003.In order to determine whether knapsack threatens, the software application partitioning algorithm to be splitting knapsack 1003 from image 1002, and produces independent image 1004, shown in Figure 10 C.The dimension of object of the object of then, cutting apart and image pixel intensities are used for identification and threaten.
Partitioning algorithm also is used for distinguishing the dark object under the white background.This feature helps to identify exactly the threat that comprises absorbing material, such as steel edge and rifle and Stupalox.Figure 11 a and 11b illustrate the example of this feature of using partitioning algorithm.Referring to Figure 11 a, just detected three possible threat article 1101,1102 and 1103 by the individuality 1104 of safety check.In Figure 11 b, just detected two on the individuality 1107 of safety check and threatened article 1105,1106.In Figure 11 a and 11b, the identical algorithms with identical parameters setting is used for imaging.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that from these images, the image analysis algorithm that detection system of the present invention is used is very insensitive to background level.This is because background calculates from original image itself, and any possible threat all is highlighted.Persons skilled in the art should be understood that shown in Figure 11 a and 11b, and individual health only occupies the regional area of image.The balance of image is considered to background X ray scattered signal.With average or the same simple computing method of part filter (averaging at regional area) provide the accurate measured value of level of background signal.
Usually, for the metal of detection of concealed on the health of the target that just is being scanned, electronic metal detector (EMD) uses with the X ray safe examination system is collaborative, has also adopted Data fusion technique.Yet, the innovative techniques that safe examination system of the present invention provides " initiatively background " by name.In this safe examination system, initiatively the background technology utilization is at X ray backscattering common no relative group of detecting device of scan period.By using this technology, the X ray that the target that just is being scanned is passed is hunted down at relative detecting device place, is easier to identify stripped (off-the-body) inorganic material.Initiatively background image is by identical automatic threat detection (ATR) the algorithm utilization of processing backscatter image and producing single integrated result.
The United States Patent (USP) 6094472,6665373 and 7110493 that transfers applicant of the present invention is all incorporated this paper here by reference into.
The invention exercise question that transfers applicant of the present invention is all incorporated this paper for the U.S. Patent application 12/887510 of " Security system for ScreeningPeople " here into by reference with the United States Patent (USP) 7826589 with same title.
The invention exercise question that transfers applicant of the present invention is all incorporated this paper for the U.S. Patent application 12/849987 of " Personnel Screening System withEnhanced Privacy " here into by reference with the United States Patent (USP) 7796733 with same title.
In addition, the invention exercise question that transfers applicant of the present invention is also all incorporated this paper here into by reference for the United States Patent (USP) 7418077 and 7660388 of " Integrated Carry-OnBaggage Cart and Passenger Screening Station ".
In each embodiment, because a plurality of factors, safe examination system of the present invention provides better signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) (SNR).At first, system of the present invention has wider visual field.The visual field solid angle is divided by just checked people.In one embodiment, the total amount of the solid angle that is covered by detecting device by limits with respect to the ad-hoc location on the human body (height of built on stilts) solid angle come quantitative, also quantitative like this by the number percent of the solid angle of detecting device covering.
In an embodiment, will operate areal coverage by the space between two scan-side that reduce X ray safe examination system of the present invention and reduce to minimum.In an embodiment, the size of safe examination system of the present invention is 6.5 feet long, and 7 feet wide.The angular region of the X-ray beam when as known in the art, the visual field of X-ray beam is left x-ray source and passed collimating apparatus by X-ray beam determines.The chopper wheel collimating apparatus of uniqueness provided by the invention makes the X ray wave beam of generation have wider visual field.Wide visual field is so that can to scan at least from the arm to the arm be 6 feet 6 inches long human bodies, and these 6 feet 6 inches long distances are generally 103 centimetres.In conventional system, the visual field is generally 54 degree, and this visual field is enough not wide, and can not allow so wide scanning, usually only covers 18 centimetres.In addition, in conventional safe examination system, in order to increase the visual field to allow wider scanning, must increase pro rata x-ray source and the object that just is being scanned between distance, thereby increased the operation areal coverage of this system.
Safe examination system of the present invention provides at least 103 centimetres wide visual field, and the people who just is being scanned simultaneously still is arranged in the x-ray source that adopts with system at a distance of 36 inches distance only.Therefore, safe examination system of the present invention is more elongated, has the areal coverage less than prior art systems.Can scan between two scan-side by the zone of safety check widelyr, and not need large distance between two scan-side.
As discussed previously, in conjunction with Fig. 1, design of the present invention allows more that the multi-detector panel is present on the direct backscattering path, thereby helps picture quality.In another embodiment, further increase picture quality by the method for using the zone that increases field of detection and the detector number that can adopt.This novelty method is described in conjunction with Figure 12 and 13.Figure 12 illustrates and shows that use single source 1201 carries out the side view of vertical scanning.In this structure, can use the height 1202 of the target 1203 of single source 1201 scanning to be subject to the illumination zone in visual angle width 1204 or source.
In order to overcome this limitation, in one embodiment, the present invention adopts the structure of novelty shown in Figure 13, and Figure 13 illustrates the top view that exemplary scan is arranged.Referring to Figure 13, single axle scan source assembly 1301 is pivoted to 1302b from a 1302a, and the center 1303 of rotation is positioned on the front panel of system.As can be seen from Figure 13, when source 1301 fixedly the time, 1304a is the visual angle width for target 1306, yet when the source pivoted, 1304b was available visual angle width.Therefore, be used for the visual angle width in given source in expansion when the source pivots.In this case, the detecting device 1305 of larger quantity can add system to, thereby the surveyed area of increase is provided.And fixing rectangular aperture is arranged on front panel, also serves as at least one axle and keeps the very little aperture of focus.And, by optional pivot source shown in Figure 13, can adopt identical system with scanning target when human motion (source does not pivot) or when human body static (source pivot).Use static object, nominally picture quality is better than the picture quality when object motion, because the friction speed at the position (such as leg and arm) of mobile target can cause distortion.Therefore, under certain operational circumstances, if find irregular article (when object motion time) in the first scanning, so identical system can scan (object is static) in more detail.The scanning requirement is depended in the selection of system, and is the balance between threat detection and the high-throughput.
Secondly, the distribution of electronic unit causes obtaining than the better signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of prior art systems.Usually, in safe examination system, video card is positioned at a distance of detecting device a distance, causes high s/n ratio when scan image is transmitted effect of signals.In each embodiment of the present invention, in order to obtain better signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), the circuit of safe examination system is carried out a plurality of modifications.At first, photomultiplier (PMT) card is integrated in the photomultiplier plug.Secondly, by finishing analog to digital conversion near the four-way in source to reduce transient noise.The 3rd, finish specific improvement wiring for the transient noise that reduces.The 4th, wire gauze is merged in synthetic/carbon fibre wall to produce the faraday cup to the electromagnetic interference (EMI) immunity.The 5th, motion controller is moved away from other electronic equipment, and the article of close their control, to minimize wiring and the electronic interferences from the signal in these electric wires.Above modification causes the image of higher contrast, and this image ratio prior art systems is good.
The 3rd, in safe examination system of the present invention, use the x-ray dose that changeably increases can obtain to be better than the improved signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of prior art systems.The safe examination system of prior art is subject to the radiation dose that uses up to 10 little rems.Yet the system of renewal uses the dosage up to 25 little rems.In various embodiments of the present invention, use variable x-ray dose, namely when scanning during such as the not too responsive body part such as pin, increase x-ray dose (or residence time).
In one embodiment of the invention, from the detection signal of photomultiplier based on the relative position of which position of the health that just is being scanned and x-ray source and be weighted.For example, if specific first area is pointed in the source, be higher than signal outside the first area from the signal weighting of first area so.Therefore, the instantaneous position of x-ray source is depended in weighting.
In addition, when the wave beam that is produced by x-ray source moves when faster, need to have the scintillator of faster response.The response time of scintillator time qualified by from a focus to next focus.Safe examination system of the present invention provided than prior art systems response time faster, thereby had increased the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of safe examination system.
In addition, this system a) comprises that the internal security observation circuit is with at each scan period continuously monitoring system safety and radiation level; B) the ionizing radiation dosage that is not higher than every scanning 5 little rems is provided for anyone that be in inspection; C) in 8 seconds or still less time interscan people's a side; D) should have the length (length dimension is towards the people who is in scanning) that is not higher than 125cm; E) should have the width that is not higher than 100cm; F) should have the height that is not higher than 205cm; G) should have selectable wall covers just by the privacy of the target of safety check with help, and prevent background interference, this can be by making the inorganic article that are arranged in the health side in the more obvious detectability that increases system of image, and when not using wall, allow to come all standing health with 24 scannings that scan rather than think; H) should have optional communication monitor so that between long-range examiner and local operator, communicate by letter, and transmit the image outline of the true health with highlighted therein searching position rather than the image (i.e. " Matchstick Men ") of Matchstick Men or simplification, wherein, image by " calibration " to adapt to the health height with respect to the health height change of Matchstick Men of human body; I) should scan 10 inchs of standing, 6 feet high human bodies, measure to the nose of human body from detecting wall for these 10 inches; J) should communicate by letter with the workstation that configures away from scanning system; K) should start scanning from remote work station; L) can be configured to the scanning of everyone predetermined quantity, this should finish before being increased to next people; M) should allow before being increased to next people, to take extra scanning as the options of can the person of being operated using; N) should be configured to force the operator make individually each scanning by or clear, even even identical people when needing a plurality of scanning; O) should by means of the visible light indication that can remotely be seen by remote operator that is positioned at local system with scanning result (by or failure) be sent to remote operator, that is, red light represents " failure ", green light represent " by "; P) when should be reported in during what operator login into system, and during this How many people by this operator scanning, one day per hour during have how many total numbers of persons to be scanned, and predetermined period (such as hour, day or month) quantity of interscan and the people's of scanning quantity; Q) should have the option of training simulators, these training simulators have the image library of at least 100 training images, r) can scan to have 6 feet 8 inches height or 6 feet 6 inches height or the static object of low height and 45 inches width or 41 inches width or less width more; And s) can in 20 seconds, finish scanning, more preferably in 10 seconds or shorter.Therefore, United States Patent (USP) 7110493 is incorporated this paper by reference into.
In one embodiment, this system has merged autonomous detection.In one embodiment, autonomous detection comprises passenger or the personal appraisal except safety check.In one embodiment, realize identifying by the bio-identification means, such as retina scanning, bioscan, fingerprint etc.In one embodiment, use I.D. as proof.In one embodiment, radio frequency identification bangle (RFID bracelet) is as identification apparatus.In one embodiment, identification apparatus is used for storage about human body and relevant information thereof.Predetermined information is stored in the computing equipment that automatically produces about the information of human body.
In one embodiment, identification apparatus is used in the method for determining system's Operation class.For example, scan I.D. or prove its identity by biological identification device if having the pilot of predetermined trust situation, he can pass scanner under low-level radiation so, and known this people is examined, and does not need full scan.Therefore, in one embodiment, safe examination system of the present invention can be used for different people under varying level.
The invention exercise question that transfers applicant of the present invention is all incorporated this paper here into by reference for the U.S. Patent application 12/888412 of " Automated Personnel ScreeningSystem and Method ".
In one embodiment, the profile of safe examination system of the present invention provides " zero stand-off ", so that this system can directly place against wall.
Except adopting system of the present invention to be used for safety check airport and railway station, the passenger such as the crowded place, open air of stadium and shopping mall, the application of system of the present invention may also extend into and checks such as the vehicles at the intermediate transit point places such as harbour, border passage and customs inspection post and the contents of container.In one embodiment, detection system is implemented as ' crossing ' system, and motorlorry to be scanned can cross this system, thereby the second axle of motion is provided.Detection system of the present invention also is used for goals of medicine.
Above example only is many illustrative application of the present invention.Although only described several embodiments of the present invention here, should be understood that, in the situation that do not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention, the present invention can be presented as many other specific forms.Therefore, current example and embodiment should think illustrative, rather than restrictive.
Claims (43)
1. check system for detection of the object that is carried by static people comprises:
The first detection system is configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, and described the first detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response;
The second detection system is configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, and described the second detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response;
X-ray source, be positioned in the involution spare between described the first detection system and described the second detection system, described x-ray source is connected to the chopper with diameter, and be configured to emitting x-ray and pass space between described the first detection system and described the second detection system, described space is limited by the width in 1/2 to 2 times scope of chopper diameter; And
Disposal system is used for analyzing the electronic signal that is produced by described the first detection system and described the second detection system, and produces image at display.
2. check system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described chopper is wheel, and described wheel has three slits, and each slit is all orientated as and contiguous slit 120 degree of being separated by.
3. check system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the described slit collimator slit parallel with at least two aimed at, and the X ray of launching from described x-ray source shines described collimator slit conically, to produce in time interleaved at least two parallel scanning beams.
4. check system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described the first detection system is included in the first involution spare, and described the second detection system is included in the second involution spare.
5. check system as claimed in claim 4, wherein, described the first involution spare physically separates with described the second involution spare, and is independent of described the second involution spare.
6. check system as claimed in claim 5, wherein, x-ray source involution spare physically separates with described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare, and is independent of described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare.
7. check system as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described the first involution spare, described the second involution spare and the 3rd involution spare are all less than 88 pound weights.
8. check system as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described the 3rd involution spare is detachably connected to described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare.
9. check system as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described the first involution spare, described the second involution spare and described the 3rd involution spare all are detachably connected to framework.
10. check system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described chopper comprises the disk chopper that is configured to by the motor rotation.
11. check system as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the speed of described chopper wheel is dynamically controlled by controller, with the sweep velocity of optimization X-ray beam.
12. check system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described the first involution spare comprises:
The first side, by having inner surface and limiting towards the flat surfaces of the outer surface of human body, described the first side is configured to receive the radiation that scatters out from the people;
The second side acutangulates relation with described the first side, and described the second side is limited by the flat surfaces with the surface, inside that is suitable for receiving the radiation of passing described the first side, and described the second side is configured to only to pass described the first rear flank in radiation and receives this radiation;
The first matrix is positioned the inside surface of described the first side, and described the first matrix also comprises be used to receiving described radiation and described radiation being changed into the activating area of light;
The second matrix is positioned the inside surface of described the second side, and described the second matrix also comprises be used to receiving described radiation and described radiation being changed into the activating area of light; And
At least one photoelectric detector has photoresponse zone and non-photoresponse zone, and described photoresponse zone is positioned, the light that emits from described the first matrix and described the second matrix with reception.
13. check system as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described radiation comprises x-ray photon, and described the first matrix detects the 30%-60% of the x-ray photon of described the first side of bump.
14. check system as claimed in claim 13, wherein, described the second matrix detects the 10%-30% of the x-ray photon of described the first side of bump.
15. check system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described x-ray source produces perpendicular fasciculus spot pattern by being pivoted to second point from first, and described pivot is felt relieved around the predetermined point of rotation.
16. check system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described x-ray source and described chopper are connected to and are configured to vertically tilt and motor is made the surface of response with respect to induction element.
17. check system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, described elevating mechanism be configured to that the counterweight of described x-ray source balance is connected.
18. check system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, and described elevating mechanism connects with at least one lifting belt.
19. check system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, and described elevating mechanism connects with gear reducer and motor, and described elevating mechanism does not connect with counterweight.
20. one kind for detection of by the check system with object that the static people that is equal to or less than 6 feet 8 inches height and is equal to or less than 45 inches width carries, described check system comprises:
The first detection system is configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, and described the first detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response;
The second detection system is configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, and described the second detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response;
X-ray source, be positioned to have in a surface and the involution spare between described the first detection system and described the second detection system, described x-ray source is connected to chopper, and the surface that is configured to be positioned at as described people the described involution spare of distance is no more than 1 foot when locating, and generation can scan the visual field of height and the width of described human body; And
Disposal system is used for analyzing the electronic signal that is produced by described the first detection system and described the second detection system, and produces image at display, and described image has enough resolution visually to distinguish human body and explosive material.
21. check system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described x-ray source is connected to the wave beam chopper wheel, and described chopper wheel has three slits, and each slit is all orientated as and contiguous slit 120 degree of being separated by.
22. check system as claimed in claim 21, wherein, the described slit collimator slit parallel with at least two aimed at, and the X ray of launching from described x-ray source shines described collimator slit conically, to produce in time interleaved at least two parallel scanning beams.
23. check system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described the first detection system is included in the first involution spare, and described the second detection system is included in the second involution spare.
24. check system as claimed in claim 23, wherein, described the first involution spare physically separates with described the second involution spare, and is independent of described the second involution spare.
25. check system as claimed in claim 24, wherein, x-ray source involution spare physically separates with described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare, and is independent of described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare.
26. check system as claimed in claim 25, wherein, described the first involution spare, described the second involution spare and the 3rd involution spare are all less than 88 pound weights.
27. check system as claimed in claim 25, wherein, described the 3rd involution spare is detachably connected to described the first involution spare and described the second involution spare.
28. check system as claimed in claim 25, wherein, described the first involution spare, described the second involution spare and described the 3rd involution spare all are detachably connected to framework.
29. check system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described x-ray source is connected to chopper, and described chopper comprises the disk chopper that is configured to by the motor rotation.
30. check system as claimed in claim 29, wherein, the speed of described chopper wheel is dynamically controlled by controller, with the sweep velocity of optimization X-ray beam.
31. check system as claimed in claim 23, wherein, described the first involution spare comprises:
The first side is limited by the flat surfaces of the outer surface with inner surface and human oriented, and described the first side is configured to receive the radiation that scatters out from the people;
The second side is in acute angle relation with described the first side, and described the second side is limited by the flat surfaces with the surface, inside that is suitable for receiving the radiation of passing described the first side, and described the second side is configured to only receive this radiation after described the first side is passed in radiation;
The first matrix is positioned the inside surface of described the first side, and described the first matrix also comprises be used to receiving described radiation and described radiation being changed into the activating area of light;
The second matrix is positioned the inside surface of described the second side, and wherein, described the second matrix also comprises be used to receiving described radiation and described radiation being changed into the activating area of light; And
At least one photoelectric detector has photoresponse zone and non-photoresponse zone, and described photoresponse zone is positioned, the light that emits from described the first matrix and described the second matrix with reception.
32. check system as claimed in claim 31, wherein, described radiation comprises x-ray photon, and wherein, described the first matrix detects the 30%-60% of the x-ray photon of described the first side of bump.
33. check system as claimed in claim 32, wherein, described the second matrix detects the 10%-30% of the x-ray photon of described the first side of bump.
34. check system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described x-ray source produces perpendicular fasciculus spot pattern by being pivoted to second point from first, and described pivot is felt relieved around the predetermined point of rotation.
35. check system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described x-ray source and chopper are connected to and are configured to vertically tilt and motor is made the surface of response with respect to induction element.
36. check system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, described elevating mechanism be configured to that the counterweight of described x-ray source balance is connected.
37. check system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, and described elevating mechanism connects with at least one lifting belt.
38. check system as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described x-ray source connects with vertical elevating mechanism, and described elevating mechanism connects with gear reducer and motor, and described elevating mechanism does not connect with counterweight.
39. one kind for detection of by the check system with object that the static people that is equal to or less than 6 feet 8 inches height and is equal to or less than 45 inches width carries, described check system comprises:
The first detection system is configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, and described the first detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response;
The second detection system is configured to detect the radiation that scatters out from described people, and described the second detection system is configured to produce the electronic signal of the radiation that detects being made response;
Radiation source, be positioned to have one the surface and the involution spare between described the first detection system and described the second detection system described in radiation source be connected to beam-forming device, and the surface that is configured to be positioned at as described people the described involution spare of distance is no more than 1 foot when locating, and generation can scan the visual field of height and the width of described human body;
Controller is used for controlling described radiation source being no more than at least one times scanning of carrying out described people in time of 20 seconds, and described people is exposed under the radiation that is no more than 20 little rems; And
Disposal system is used for analyzing the electronic signal that is produced by described the first detection system and described the second detection system, and produces image at display, and described image has enough resolution visually to distinguish human body and explosive material.
40. check system as claimed in claim 39, wherein, described controller is configured to control described radiation source to be no more than the single pass of carrying out described people in time of 10 seconds.
41. check system as claimed in claim 40, wherein, described controller is configured to control described radiation source so that described human body is exposed under the radiation that is no more than 5 little rems.
42. check system as claimed in claim 39, wherein, described radiation source is configured to when described surface that described human body is positioned at the described involution spare of distance when being no more than 10 inch, and generation can scan the visual field that equals 6 feet 6 inches or height still less and 40.5 inches or width still less.
43. check system as claimed in claim 42, wherein, described controller is configured to control described radiation source to be no more than the single pass of carrying out described people in time of 10 seconds, and described controller is configured to control described radiation source so that described human body is exposed under the radiation that is no more than 5 little rems.
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
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| US31377210P | 2010-03-14 | 2010-03-14 | |
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| US42358510P | 2010-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | |
| US42358610P | 2010-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | |
| US42358210P | 2010-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | |
| US61/423,585 | 2010-12-15 | ||
| US61/423,582 | 2010-12-15 | ||
| US61/423,586 | 2010-12-15 | ||
| PCT/US2011/028411 WO2011115934A2 (en) | 2010-03-14 | 2011-03-14 | Personnel screening system |
Publications (2)
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|---|---|
| CN102893184A true CN102893184A (en) | 2013-01-23 |
| CN102893184B CN102893184B (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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| CN201180024095.5A Expired - Fee Related CN102893184B (en) | 2010-03-14 | 2011-03-14 | Personnel's safe examination system |
| CN201180024005.2A Expired - Fee Related CN102933957B (en) | 2010-03-14 | 2011-03-14 | Personnel screening system |
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| CN201180024116.3A Expired - Fee Related CN102893143B (en) | 2010-03-14 | 2011-03-14 | Personnel screening system |
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| EP (3) | EP2548011A4 (en) |
| JP (3) | JP2013522624A (en) |
| CN (3) | CN102893143B (en) |
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| WO (3) | WO2011115930A2 (en) |
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