CN102891502A - Energy-saving type three-phase photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy-saving type three-phase photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102891502A CN102891502A CN2012104457731A CN201210445773A CN102891502A CN 102891502 A CN102891502 A CN 102891502A CN 2012104457731 A CN2012104457731 A CN 2012104457731A CN 201210445773 A CN201210445773 A CN 201210445773A CN 102891502 A CN102891502 A CN 102891502A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
The invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system, and in particular relates to an energy-saving type three-phase photovoltaic power generation system. The energy-saving type three-phase photovoltaic power generation system comprises a main control part, an inverter circuit, an electricity-saving current transformation circuit, a detection circuit, an isolation transformer, photovoltaic batteries, a storage battery and a charge-discharge circuit thereof, wherein all the components are combinable or separable in function or structure. The electric energy required by loads can be divided into an active part and a reactive part, and in the energy-saving type three-phase photovoltaic power generation system, the direct current generated by the photovoltaic batteries is converted into alternating current by the inverter circuit to provide active power for the loads; and the electricity-saving current transformation circuit detects characteristics of the loads in real time to provide reactive power matched with the loads for the loads, and filter out harmonic waves generated by the loads at the same time, so that the power factor can be greatly improved, the quality of electric energy can be obviously optimized, and the amount of the photovoltaic batteries can be reduced at the beginning of designing a system scheme to reduce the installation cost of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic generating system, relate in particular to a kind of energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern industry, the non-renewable energy resources such as oil, coal, natural gas are day by day rare, and the new forms of energy take solar energy as representative meet the tendency of the day of global low-carbon economy, obtained approval, attention and the support of countries in the world government.
Photovoltaic industry has obtained the development of blowout formula in recent years, but this high speed development chief motivation behind, it is the great number subsidy of countries in the world government, even to this day, with respect to the conventional power generation systems of using such as non-renewable energy resources such as coal, oil, photovoltaic generation is in absolute inferior position status at cost.This just requires the scientific worker constantly to explore, and on the one hand, the installing cost of the reduction photovoltaic generating system of trying every means on the other hand, improves power factor and the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic generating system as much as possible, reduces the wastage.
Now, inductive load take motor as representative quite a lot is arranged in the electrical load, when this class loads on work, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter not only provides active power, also must send simultaneously a certain amount of reactive power, because maximum apparent power, the isoparametric restriction of maximum current and maximum voltage, system must reduce the power factor operation, this situation greatly reduces the efficient that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is converted into solar energy electric energy, and because of long-play under the state of high-voltage large current, increased the loss of electric energy in transmission course, the useful life of also having reduced photovoltaic generating system.
More obviously drawback is: photovoltaic generating system is at the beginning of design; characteristic in response to inductive load; add reactive power demand more when the electric machinery load starts; the designer can become the Capacity design of photovoltaic cell the rated power than load to have more half extremely wattage of several times usually; undoubtedly, this has significantly improved current take the installing cost of solar cell as main photovoltaic generating system.
Except above-mentioned drawback, current a large amount of loads all can produce various harmonic waves, and these harmonic waves not only reduce the useful life of system, and the loss of electric energy is significantly increased, even affect the normal operation of some highly sophisticated devices, equipment.
Summary of the invention
Energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system of the present invention can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, deals with problems from the angle of reactive power compensation and inhibition harmonic wave, by reducing the quantity of photovoltaic cell, the installing cost of photovoltaic generating system is significantly reduced.
Energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system of the present invention comprises main control part, inverter circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit, testing circuit, isolating transformer, photovoltaic cell, storage battery and charge-discharge circuit thereof, and each part can merge or split on function or structure.Wherein main control part and inverter circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit, testing circuit, accumulator charging/discharging circuit are electrically connected respectively; Testing circuit and inverter circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit, accumulator charging/discharging circuit are electrically connected respectively; Photovoltaic cell, storage battery, economize on electricity convertor circuit and inverter circuit are electrically connected in DC side; Economize on electricity convertor circuit and inverter circuit directly are electrically connected or indirectly are electrically connected through isolating transformer at AC; Storage battery and the electrical connection of its charge-discharge circuit.
Main control part of the present invention comprises one or more in microprocessor, the microcontroller, and the core missions such as the information gathering of responsible whole system, analyzing and processing, decision-making output are the control cores of whole photovoltaic generating system.Wherein the type of microcontroller includes but not limited to single-chip microcomputer, DSP, CPLD, FPGA, PLC.
Inverter circuit is similar with the constituted mode of economize on electricity convertor circuit, all comprises several inverter bridge legs or integrated power module.
For the situation that comprises inverter bridge leg: each inverter bridge leg is made of a plurality of switching devices series connection, fly-wheel diode of each switching device inverse parallel, the type of this switching device includes but not limited to transistor, IGBT, MOSFET, IGCT, IEGT, GTO, SET.
For the situation that comprises integrated power module: the type of integrated power module includes but not limited to the IPM power model.
The level number of the topological structure that inverter circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit adopt is 2 or greater than 2 odd number, and wherein the type greater than the topological structure of 2 odd number level includes but not limited to unit cascaded type, striding capacitance type, diode clamping type.
The topological structure of inverter circuit and the employing of economize on electricity convertor circuit can be identical, also can be different; The level number of the topological structure that the two is selected can be identical, also can be different.
Testing circuit of the present invention includes but not limited to the two AC interface of a plurality of voltage sensors, inverter circuit and economize on electricity convertor circuit of inverter circuit AC and a plurality of current sensors between the load, voltage sensor and the current sensor of inverter circuit DC side.
The type of photovoltaic cell includes but not limited to monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell, polysilicon photovoltaic cells, film photovoltaic cell, biological photovoltaic cell, chemical photovoltaic cell among the present invention.
The present invention can increase on the basis of conventional photovoltaic inverter function the function of reactive power compensation, the employing control method is as follows: the instantaneous value that obtains in real time load side voltage, electric current by testing circuit, can be calculated by analysis active power and the reactive power of load real-time requirement, realize by control: inverter circuit provides the active power of loading demand; The economize on electricity convertor circuit provides the reactive power of loading demand.
The present invention can increase on the basis of conventional photovoltaic inverter function the function of active power filtering, the employing control method is as follows: the instantaneous value that obtains in real time the load-side electric current by testing circuit, can be calculated by analysis the parameters such as frequency, amplitude and phase place of each harmonic contained in the load current, make by control that the economize on electricity convertor circuit sends with each primary current harmonic frequency, amplitude equates but each time of single spin-echo inhibition ripple, these suppress ripple and harmonic wave offsets, thereby have realized the filtering to harmonic wave.
The present invention also can increase the function of reactive power compensation and active power filtering simultaneously on the basis of conventional photovoltaic inverter function, the employing control method is as follows: the instantaneous value that obtains in real time load side voltage, electric current by testing circuit, can be calculated by analysis content and the characterisitic parameter thereof of each harmonic in active power, reactive power and the load current of load real-time requirement, realize by control: inverter circuit provides the active power of loading demand; The economize on electricity convertor circuit to load send reactive power and with each primary current harmonic frequency, amplitude equates but each time of single spin-echo inhibition ripple has so just been realized the compensation of reactive power and the filtering of harmonic wave simultaneously.
With respect to the conventional photovoltaic electricity generation system, advantage of the present invention includes but not limited to following aspect:
At first, an obvious advantage is: the usage quantity of photovoltaic cell in the photovoltaic generating system of the present invention (or photovoltaic module) drops to close to limiting value, and the rated power that only need be slightly larger than load gets final product.For the same load with perceptual weight, in the traditional design scheme of current extensive use, the usage quantity of photovoltaic cell (or photovoltaic module) is generally 1.5 times to 3 times of present design, the application scenario that indivedual reactive power demands are higher even reach more than 3 times.The reason that the present invention has above-mentioned advantage is: more reactive power demand was provided by economize on electricity convertor circuit of the present invention when the electric machinery load started, rather than provided by photovoltaic cell (or photovoltaic module), this has significantly reduced current take the installing cost of photovoltaic cell as main photovoltaic generating system.
Secondly, in During Process of Long-term Operation, be the inductive load of representative for asynchronous motor in the electrical load, photovoltaic generating system of the present invention not only provides active power, also can send simultaneously the reactive power with the coupling of loading, significantly improve power factor, and reduced the loss of electric energy in transmission course, also indirectly prolonged the useful life of photovoltaic generating system.
Again, all contain various harmonic waves in present a large amount of load currents, these harmonic waves of in real time filtering of photovoltaic generating system of the present invention have not only prolonged the useful life of system, the loss of electric energy is significantly reduced, and near highly sophisticated device, equipment also can work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is primary side electrical structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is control of the present invention and testing circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is main control part circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is two level inverter circuit schematic diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is three level economize on electricity convertor circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Following examples belong to a kind of in the concrete form of the present invention, and the purpose that provides is more detailed description the present invention, rather than limits the scope of the invention, and neither limit application form of the present invention.
Present embodiment such as Fig. 1～shown in Figure 5.
Present embodiment comprises main control part, inverter circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit, testing circuit, photovoltaic cell, storage battery and charge-discharge circuit thereof, and wherein main control part and inverter circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit, testing circuit, accumulator charging/discharging circuit are electrically connected respectively; Testing circuit and inverter circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit, accumulator charging/discharging circuit are electrically connected respectively; Photovoltaic cell, accumulator charging/discharging circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit and inverter circuit are electrically connected in DC side; Economize on electricity convertor circuit and inverter circuit are electrically connected at AC; Storage battery and the electrical connection of its charge-discharge circuit.The primary side electrical structure schematic diagram of present embodiment as shown in Figure 1.
The testing circuit of present embodiment includes but not limited to the two AC interface of a plurality of voltage sensors, inverter circuit and economize on electricity convertor circuit of inverter circuit AC and a plurality of current sensors between the load, voltage sensor and the current sensor of inverter circuit DC side.The control of present embodiment and testing circuit schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 2.
The main control part circuit theory diagrams of present embodiment as shown in Figure 3, U1 is microcontroller, the operation of system is accurately controlled, and to sensing data carry out real-time analysis and the decision-making; U17 is the crystal oscillator that accurate clock is provided for microcontroller; U11 is for storage data storage device; Main control part carries out information exchange with external function module respectively by ports such as J11, J12, J13, J15, J20, J21, J31, J32, J45, wherein J11 is the switching value input port, the switching value information such as the overvoltage protection that sends including but not limited to system, under-voltage protection, overcurrent protection, overheat protector, overload; J12 is the switching value output interface, and the switching value control information of main control part is sent through this port; J13 is serial communication interface; J15 is the microcontroller programming interface; J21 is the data/address bus interface for parallel communications; J31 is the SPI communication interface; J32 is the SCI communication interface; J45 is network communication interface; Microcontroller accurately calculates real-time pulse width information, and by J20 output pwm pulse.
Present embodiment two level inverter circuit schematic diagrams as shown in Figure 4, this inverter circuit adopts the topological structure of three-phase two level, this inverter circuit contains three identical brachium pontis of structure, each brachium pontis is in series by two groups of IGBT that are parallel with fly-wheel diode, and the inverter circuit DC side parallel has Support Capacitor Cd0.
Present embodiment economize on electricity convertor circuit schematic diagram as shown in Figure 5, this energy-conservation convertor circuit adopts the topological structure of three-phase tri-level, contain three identical brachium pontis of structure, each brachium pontis is in series by four groups of IGBT that are parallel with fly-wheel diode, two IGBT in the middle of the brachium pontis are in parallel with a clamped circuit, and this clamped circuit is in series by two diodes.Electric connecting member in the clamped circuit of each brachium pontis between two series diodes and the electric connecting member short circuit of two series capacitances of inverter circuit DC side (Cd1 and Cd2).
Present embodiment has the function of reactive power compensation and active power filtering simultaneously, adopt concrete control method as follows: testing circuit obtains the instantaneous value of load side voltage, electric current in real time, send to main control part, main control part is analyzed content and the characterisitic parameter thereof of each harmonic in active power, reactive power and the load current that can get the load real-time requirement as calculated, carries out following concrete control strategy:
1. inverter circuit provides the active power of loading demand;
2. the economize on electricity convertor circuit sends the reactive power that matches to load;
The economize on electricity convertor circuit to load send with each the primary current harmonic frequency that detects, amplitude equates but the inhibition ripple of single spin-echo.
Like this, present embodiment has just been realized the compensation of reactive power and the filtering of harmonic wave both having realized the obvious raising of capacity usage ratio simultaneously, allows again loss significantly reduce, and the pollution of harmonic wave is suppressed at all, has also prolonged the useful life of system.
More significant advantage is: because can not rely on photovoltaic cell (or photovoltaic module) to provide reactive power to load, the capacity of photovoltaic cell only needs the rated power a little more than load in the system, like this, the usage quantity of photovoltaic cell has significantly reduced current take photovoltaic cell as main photovoltaic generating system installing cost close to theoretical minimum value.
The present invention has higher promotional value at new forms of energy and energy-saving and emission-reduction field.
Claims (10)
1. energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system, it is characterized in that comprising main control part, inverter circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit, testing circuit, each part is electrically connected separately from each other, wherein economize on electricity convertor circuit and inverter circuit is electrically connected respectively in DC side and AC, and each part can merge or split on function or structure.
2. energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that main control part comprises one or more in microprocessor, the microcontroller, and wherein the type of microcontroller includes but not limited to single-chip microcomputer, DSP, CPLD, FPGA, PLC.
3. energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that inverter circuit and economize on electricity convertor circuit all comprise several inverter bridge legs or integrated power module, for the situation that comprises inverter bridge leg, each inverter bridge leg is made of a plurality of switching device series connection, fly-wheel diode of each switching device inverse parallel, the type of this switching device includes but not limited to transistor, IGBT, MOSFET, IGCT, IEGT, GTO, SET; For the situation that comprises integrated power module, the type of integrated power module includes but not limited to the IPM power model.
4. energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system according to claim 3 is characterized in that testing circuit includes but not limited to the two AC interface of a plurality of voltage sensors, inverter circuit and economize on electricity convertor circuit of inverter circuit AC and a plurality of current sensors between the load, voltage sensor and the current sensor of inverter circuit DC side.
5. energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that comprising photovoltaic cell, storage battery and charge-discharge circuit thereof, the DC side electrical connection of photovoltaic cell and following circuit: inverter circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit, accumulator charging/discharging circuit, storage battery and the electrical connection of its charge-discharge circuit, the type of photovoltaic cell includes but not limited to monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell, polysilicon photovoltaic cells, film photovoltaic cell, biological photovoltaic cell, chemical photovoltaic cell.
6. energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system according to claim 5, the level number that it is characterized in that the topological structure that inverter circuit, economize on electricity convertor circuit adopt is 2 or greater than 2 odd number, wherein the type greater than the topological structure of 2 odd number level includes but not limited to unit cascaded type, striding capacitance type, diode clamping type, and which kind of topological structure inverter circuit adopts separately, selects how many level numbers uncorrelated mutually with the economize on electricity convertor circuit.
7. according to claim 1 to energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that comprising no-power compensation function, adopt following control method: the instantaneous value that obtains in real time load side voltage, electric current by testing circuit, can be calculated by analysis active power and the reactive power of load real-time requirement, realize by control: inverter circuit provides the active power of loading demand; The economize on electricity convertor circuit provides the reactive power of loading demand.
8. according to claim 1 to energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that comprising active filter function, adopt following control method: the instantaneous value that obtains in real time load side voltage, electric current by testing circuit, can be calculated by analysis the parameters such as frequency, amplitude and phase place of each harmonic contained in the load current, make by control that the economize on electricity convertor circuit sends with each primary current harmonic frequency, amplitude equates but each time of single spin-echo inhibition ripple, these suppress ripple and harmonic wave offsets, thereby have realized the filtering to harmonic wave.
9. according to claim 1 to energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that having simultaneously the function of reactive power compensation and active power filtering, adopt following control method: the instantaneous value that obtains in real time load side voltage, electric current by testing circuit, can be calculated by analysis content and the characterisitic parameter thereof of each harmonic in active power, reactive power and the load current of load real-time requirement, realize by control: inverter circuit provides the active power of loading demand; The economize on electricity convertor circuit to load send reactive power and with each primary current harmonic frequency, amplitude equates but the inhibition ripple of single spin-echo, has so just realized simultaneously the compensation of reactive power and the filtering of harmonic wave.
10. according to claim 1 to energy-saving three-phase photovoltaic generating system claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that system's AC comprises one or more isolating transformer.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103199531A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-07-10 | 华北电力大学 | Light storage system power slide control method based on second order cone programming |
| CN103855787A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-11 | 李木 | High-power factor type three-phase photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof |
| CN106341074A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-01-18 | 武汉承光博德光电科技有限公司 | Energy saving type three-phase photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof |
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| US20030214824A1 (en) * | 2000-08-16 | 2003-11-20 | Corzine Keith Allen | Cascaded multi-level h-bridge drive |
| CN1835332A (en) * | 2006-03-25 | 2006-09-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Photovoltaic converter with functions of disconnecting net, connecting net, charging control and regulating power |
| CN102611108A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-25 | 湖南大学 | Three-level three-phase four-wire active power filter and control method thereof |
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- 2012-11-08 CN CN2012104457731A patent/CN102891502A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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| US20030214824A1 (en) * | 2000-08-16 | 2003-11-20 | Corzine Keith Allen | Cascaded multi-level h-bridge drive |
| CN1835332A (en) * | 2006-03-25 | 2006-09-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Photovoltaic converter with functions of disconnecting net, connecting net, charging control and regulating power |
| CN102611108A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-25 | 湖南大学 | Three-level three-phase four-wire active power filter and control method thereof |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103855787A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-11 | 李木 | High-power factor type three-phase photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof |
| CN103199531A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-07-10 | 华北电力大学 | Light storage system power slide control method based on second order cone programming |
| CN103199531B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-10-29 | 华北电力大学 | Light storage system power slide control method based on second order cone programming |
| CN106341074A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-01-18 | 武汉承光博德光电科技有限公司 | Energy saving type three-phase photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130123 |