CN102888829A - Farmland underground water drainage design method - Google Patents
Farmland underground water drainage design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102888829A CN102888829A CN2012104349582A CN201210434958A CN102888829A CN 102888829 A CN102888829 A CN 102888829A CN 2012104349582 A CN2012104349582 A CN 2012104349582A CN 201210434958 A CN201210434958 A CN 201210434958A CN 102888829 A CN102888829 A CN 102888829A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a farmland underground water drainage design method. Underground water drainage ditches are vertically distributed in a check field along the water irrigation direction, and the tail ends of the underground water drainage ditches which are vertically distributed are communicated with underground water drainage ditches which are transversely arranged, wherein the depth of each underground water drainage ditch is 0.8-1.2m; each underground water drainage ditch is internally and fully paved by straws or wheat straw fillers to be rolled for 3-5 times back and forth along the ditch by using a stone roller, and soil is gradually filled to be compacted layer by layer after the rolling; a general water drainage pipe is arranged at the middle positions of the underground water drainage ditches which are transversely arranged and an outlet is placed into a farming ditch; and surplus farmland underground water is discharged out. The farmland underground water drainage design method can effectively solve the problem of reducing immersion of a southern region farmland, improves a farmland soil-steam ratio, and increases the ground temperature; and meanwhile, a simple and feasible operation method is provided for comprehensive utilization of the straws. Compared with the prior art, the farmland underground water drainage design method utilizes the pure natural straws or wheat straws, uses local materials, is simple to construct and has a low construction cost, so that materials and used lands are saved; the water drainage effect is obvious; and the farmland underground water drainage design method is good for increasing the production of grains and can be popularized and applied in a large area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of farmland underground water discharge method, utilize closely knit shape straw or wheat straw landfill in the rectangular cross section subsoil drain, form UNICOM, stable underdrainage passage take the lattice field as the unit, and in each lattice field a drainage outlet is set, farmland underground water is discharged, fall the purpose of stain to realize the farmland.This inventive method is specially adapted to stain evil field, south China area and administers, and belongs to agricultural engineering field.
Background technology
The farmland underground draining refers to the soil water too much in the farmland and underground water are got rid of, and improves water, fertilizer, gas, the heat relation of soil, is beneficial to the artificial measures of plant growth.Paddy field or all there is the underdrainage problem in the nonirrigated farmland no matter, particularly south China is regional, rainfall generally concentrates on for 4～August, often be that the excess surface water that brings of heavy showers process is just drained, groundwater table does not also have enough time to descend, new round rainfall is arrived again, thereby it is higher to cause groundwater table to continue, and has formed the situation of waterloging first and steeping afterwards.Waterlogging stain disaster is the one of the main reasons of farmland low yield, and the farmland underground water discharge technology is the major measure of administering Waterlogging Damage.
The farmland underground water discharge technology has closed drainage, drainage by shaft wells, and wherein the structural shape of closed drainage mainly contains hidden pipe and mouse road etc.Adopt the closed drainage measure, have not land occupation, make things convenient for farming, can guarantee draining depth and the advantage that is conducive to management and maintenance, shortcoming is that the engineering construction one-time investment is large, uses constructional materials many, easily stops up aging; The mouse road is to form unshielded trunk draining take tractor as power traction mouse-way plough impacting soil, and its advantage is that investment is little, easy construction, and shortcoming is that application life is shorter; Gang of wells pumping underground water is namely laid in drainage by shaft wells, is suitable for preferably soil layer of water permeability, can regulate and control greatly groundwater table, and shortcoming is to expend the energy, is not suitable for the farmland underground draining of southern area.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the separately defective of above-mentioned various farmland underground water discharge technologies, design the farmland underground water discharge method of a kind of easy operating, cheap, comprehensive utilization, technical feasibility.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of farmland underground Drainage Design method, it is characterized in that: the subsoil drain that vertical layout is set along the direction of pouring water in the lattice field, and the terminal subsoil drain connection of adopting lateral arrangement in the subsoil drain of vertically arranging, wherein: the degree of depth of subsoil drain is 0.8～1.2m, ratio along water (flow) direction reduces to 1/500～1/1000, be paved with straw or wheat straw filler in the subsoil drain, roll back and forth 3～5 times along ditch with the stone stone roller that is slightly less than the furrow width width, roll rear layered backfill compacting; Centre position, subsoil drain in lateral arrangement arranges main drain, and the outfall of main drain is placed in the farm ditch.
The two ends, subsoil drain of described vertical layout are respectively apart from field ditch, farm ditch edge 2～3m, and the subsoil drain spacing L that vertically arranges is 10～15m; The subsoil drain of lateral arrangement is parallel with farm ditch, along the disposed inboard of farm ditch ridge, and with the subsoil drain UNICOM of vertical layout.
Described subsoil drain section is rectangle, and the furrow width of subsoil drain is 0.5 m, and the underdrainage bank water (flow) direction ratio of described lateral arrangement falls 1/500.
When the straw of compacting or wheat straw higher slice earthing, every backfill 0.2m soil layer rolls one time with stone, successively bankets and rolls, last backfill 0.2～0.3m above ground level.
Main drain is the PVC plastic pipe, diameter 80～the 100mm of main drain, the main drain rear end is connected with the subsoil drain mid point of lateral arrangement, pipe end mouth is higher than subsoil drain bottom of trench 5cm, the mouth of pipe stretches into closely knit shape straw or wheat straw filler 10cm, the main drain front end is connected with outfall, and the outfall place establishes gate valve.
Farmland underground Drainage Design method of the present invention, comprise vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain and horizontal rectangular cross section subsoil drain, closely knit shape straw or wheat straw filler, main drain and outfall, wherein: vertically the rectangular cross section subsoil drain is perpendicular to farm ditch, two ends are respectively apart from field ditch, farm ditch edge 2～3m, and each vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain spacing L is 10～15m; Laterally the rectangular cross section subsoil drain is parallel with farm ditch, along the disposed inboard of farm ditch ridge, and with vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain UNICOM; The main drain rear end is connected with middle part, horizontal subsoil drain, and front end is connected with outfall, and gate valve is established in the outfall exit, with the control drain discharge.At vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain and the laterally closely knit shape straw of landfill or wheat straw in the rectangular cross section subsoil drain, to form UNICOM, stable underdrainage passage, farmland underground water is drained into farm ditch from outfall.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are to utilize the straw of closely knit shape or wheat straw to bury and fill in the subsoil drain, to form stable underdrainage passage, and the straw of closely knit shape or wheat straw have good water permeability, gas permeability, rotproofness, when getting rid of unnecessary underground water, the soil aeration drainage condition can be improved in the space of straw or wheat straw, reach reduce investment outlay, the effect of draining volume increase.Be embodied in: the subsoil drain of excavation is filled straw or the wheat straw of closely knit shape after smooth, when soil moisture is too much in the agricultural land soil, permeable so far drainage channel, and drain into gutter outside the field by passage, straw or wheat straw have a good rotproofness underground, after compacting, can be combined into reliable and stable drainage channel with the subsoil drain, can reduce rapidly the farmland underground water level.At present crop material be there is no effective processing method, crop straw burning has produced contaminated environment and security problems, and destroyed the earth's surface beneficial microbe, little to increasing the soil fertility effect, and the present invention directly utilizes field discarded straw or wheat straw to be adrainage material, need not any processing and gets final product local use, and utilization provides good approach to crop material, both solve the farmland and fallen the stain problem, increased again the organic content in farmland.
Description of drawings
A kind of farmland underground Drainage Design of Fig. 1-the present invention method layout plan.
Fig. 2-rectangular cross section subsoil drain cross-sectional drawing.
Fig. 3-subsoil drain outfall schematic diagram.
Among the figure: 1 is that vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain, 2 is that horizontal rectangular cross section subsoil drain, 3 is that main drain, 4 is that outfall, 5 is that gate valve, 6 is that field ditch, 7 is that farm ditch, 8 is that ridge, 9 is that water (flow) direction, 10 is that closely knit shape straw or wheat straw filler, 11 are that rectangular cross section gutter cross-sectional line, 12 excavates and backfill line, 13 is backfill.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is elaborated:
As shown in Figure 1, farmland underground Drainage Design method of the present invention, mainly be by the underdrainage ditch water discharge is set in the lattice field, wherein the subsoil drain comprises vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain 1 and horizontal rectangular cross section subsoil drain 2, vertically be equipped with closely knit shape straw or wheat straw filler 10 in rectangular cross section subsoil drain 1 and the horizontal rectangular cross section subsoil drain 2, be connected with main drain 3 in closely knit shape straw or wheat straw filler 10, the end of main drain 3 connects outfall 4.Wherein: vertically rectangular cross section subsoil drain 1 is perpendicular to farm ditch 7, and two ends are apart from field ditch 6, farm ditch 7 edges 2～3m, each vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain 1 spacing L; Laterally rectangular cross section subsoil drain 2 is parallel with farm ditch 7, along the disposed inboard of farm ditch ridge 8, and with vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain 1 UNICOM; Main drain 3 rear ends are connected with horizontal 2 middle parts, subsoil drain, and front end is connected with outfall 4, and gate valve 5 is established in outfall 4 exits, with the control drain discharge.In vertically rectangular cross section subsoil drain 1 and the laterally closely knit shape straw of rectangular cross section subsoil drain 2 interior landfills or wheat straw 10, to form UNICOM, stable underdrainage passage, farmland underground water is drained into farm ditch 7 from outfall 4.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, in lattice field, farmland, the edge is perpendicular to farm ditch 7 directions, and every interval L is that 10～15m digs dark 0.8～1.2 meter vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain 1, and in the present embodiment, the degree of depth in gutter is 1m.The ditch two ends are respectively apart from field ditch 6, farm ditch 7 edges 2～3m, furrow width is generally consistent with the width of mini-excavator grab bucket, such as the hand excavation, furrow width is not less than 0.5m, ratio along water (flow) direction 9 reduces to 1/500～1/1000, again along the inboard of farm ditch ridge 8, the horizontal rectangular cross section subsoil drain 2 that is parallel to farm ditch 7 excavation same structures, ratio along water (flow) direction 9 reduces to 1/500, make vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain 1 and horizontal rectangular cross section subsoil drain 2 UNICOMs, it is domatic to have dug rear smooth subsoil drain, makes it have some strength to keep Stability Analysis of Structures; Manually even, continuous straw or wheat straw are paved with in the subsoil drain along water (flow) direction, with the stone that is slightly less than the furrow width width grind roll back and forth 3～5 times along the ditch compacting after the layering earthing; When the straw of compacting or wheat straw higher slice earthing, every backfill 0.2m soil layer rolls one time with stone, successively bankets and rolls, and last backfill 13 needs 0.2～0.3m above ground level to treat sedimentation; Main drain 3 is the PVC plastic pipe, its diameter 80～100mm, pipe end mouth is higher than subsoil drain bottom of trench 5cm, main drain 3 rear ends are connected with horizontal 2 middle parts, subsoil drain, and stretch into 10cm in closely knit shape straw or the wheat straw filler 10, main drain 3 front ends are connected with outfall 4, and outfall 4 places establish gate valve 5, with the control drain discharge.
When the dilutional hyponatremia of farmland, superfluous water infiltrates in vertical rectangular cross section subsoil drain 1 and the horizontal rectangular cross section subsoil drain 2, closely knit shape straw or wheat straw filler 10 by institute's landfill in the ditch conflux to main drain 3, and making superfluous water drain into farm ditch 7 from outfall 4 by the switch of outfall gate valve 5, the purpose of stain is fallen to reach the farmland water drainage.
Initial estimate is produced wheat straw 400kg according to every mu of wheat, and every mu of rectangular cross section subsoil drain needs 26m
3Compacting wheat straw meter, every mu of required wheat straw amount in subsoil drain is about the wheat straw per mu yield in 10 years in this inventive method, and every mu of earthwork excavated volume is 65m
3As seen this invention not only can solve waterlogging stain farmland underground drainage problem effectively, and has realized gathering materials on the spot, fully utilizing, and construction investment is cheap.
Claims (5)
1. farmland underground Drainage Design method, it is characterized in that: the subsoil drain that vertical layout is set along the direction of pouring water in the lattice field, and the terminal subsoil drain connection of adopting lateral arrangement in the subsoil drain of vertically arranging, wherein: the degree of depth of subsoil drain is 0.8～1.2m, ratio along water (flow) direction (9) reduces to 1/500～1/1000, be paved with straw or wheat straw filler (10) in the subsoil drain, roll back and forth 3～5 times along ditch with the stone stone roller that is slightly less than the furrow width width, roll rear layered backfill compacting; In the centre position, subsoil drain of lateral arrangement main drain (3) is set, and the outfall (4) of main drain is placed in the farm ditch (7).
2. farmland underground Drainage Design method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two ends, subsoil drain of described vertical layout are respectively apart from field ditch (9), farm ditch (7) edge 2～3m, and the subsoil drain spacing L that vertically arranges is 10～15m; The subsoil drain of lateral arrangement is parallel with farm ditch (7), along the disposed inboard of farm ditch (7) ridge (8), and with the subsoil drain UNICOM of vertical layout.
3. according to claim 1,2 described farmland underground Drainage Design methods, it is characterized in that: described subsoil drain section is rectangle, the furrow width of subsoil drain is 0.5 m, and the underdrainage bank water (flow) direction (9) of described lateral arrangement is than falling 1/500.
4. farmland underground Drainage Design method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the straw of compacting or wheat straw higher slice earthing, every backfill 0.2m soil layer rolls one time with stone, successively bankets and rolls, last backfill (13) 0.2～0.3m above ground level.
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described farmland underground Drainage Design methods, it is characterized in that: main drain (3) is the PVC plastic pipe, diameter 80～the 100mm of main drain (3), main drain (3) rear end is connected with the subsoil drain mid point of lateral arrangement, pipe end mouth is higher than subsoil drain bottom of trench 5cm, the mouth of pipe stretches into closely knit shape straw or wheat straw filler (10) 10cm, and main drain (3) front end is connected with outfall (4), and outfall (4) locates to establish gate valve (5).
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| CN2012104349582A CN102888829A (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2012-11-05 | Farmland underground water drainage design method |
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| CN2012104349582A CN102888829A (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2012-11-05 | Farmland underground water drainage design method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103112954A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-05-22 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | Method for prevention and control of non-point source pollution and cyclic utilization of resources of tea garden and system thereof |
| WO2014186991A1 (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-11-27 | Han Qiuhua | Permanent drainage ditch of high yield farmland |
| CN104895027A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-09 | 河海大学 | Self-circulated and ecological water saving type irrigating draining system and draining method |
| CN105970887A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-28 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | Comprehensive low-moisture soil drainage promoting device and implementation method |
| CN111576362A (en) * | 2020-06-13 | 2020-08-25 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | Farmland drainage system for slope farmland |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5567077A (en) * | 1994-02-17 | 1996-10-22 | Yang; Jesse S. | Drainage network |
| CN101003971A (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2007-07-25 | 江苏省水利科学研究所 | Underground drainage installation in farmland |
| CN202112117U (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-01-18 | 贾庆昌 | Equipment for irrigation storage, efficient water-saving irrigation and energy-saving flood drainage under farmland tractor-ploughing stratum |
| CN202323901U (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-07-11 | 韩秋华 | Permanent drainage ditch for facilitating high yield of rice in farmland |
| CN102619203A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-01 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Straw drainage piece |
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2012
- 2012-11-05 CN CN2012104349582A patent/CN102888829A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5567077A (en) * | 1994-02-17 | 1996-10-22 | Yang; Jesse S. | Drainage network |
| CN101003971A (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2007-07-25 | 江苏省水利科学研究所 | Underground drainage installation in farmland |
| CN202112117U (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-01-18 | 贾庆昌 | Equipment for irrigation storage, efficient water-saving irrigation and energy-saving flood drainage under farmland tractor-ploughing stratum |
| CN202323901U (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-07-11 | 韩秋华 | Permanent drainage ditch for facilitating high yield of rice in farmland |
| CN102619203A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-08-01 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Straw drainage piece |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103112954A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-05-22 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | Method for prevention and control of non-point source pollution and cyclic utilization of resources of tea garden and system thereof |
| CN103112954B (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-04-30 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | Method for prevention and control of non-point source pollution and cyclic utilization of resources of tea garden and system thereof |
| WO2014186991A1 (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-11-27 | Han Qiuhua | Permanent drainage ditch of high yield farmland |
| CN104895027A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-09 | 河海大学 | Self-circulated and ecological water saving type irrigating draining system and draining method |
| CN104895027B (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-06-30 | 河海大学 | Self-loopa ecological water saving type irrigation and drainage system and water discharge method |
| CN105970887A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-28 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | Comprehensive low-moisture soil drainage promoting device and implementation method |
| CN111576362A (en) * | 2020-06-13 | 2020-08-25 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | Farmland drainage system for slope farmland |
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Application publication date: 20130123 |