CN102886617A - Brazing material - Google Patents
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- CN102886617A CN102886617A CN2010106252671A CN201010625267A CN102886617A CN 102886617 A CN102886617 A CN 102886617A CN 2010106252671 A CN2010106252671 A CN 2010106252671A CN 201010625267 A CN201010625267 A CN 201010625267A CN 102886617 A CN102886617 A CN 102886617A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a brazing material including a base metal and a second metal such as aluminium alloy and zinc alloy. The zinc alloy is used for inhibiting temperature so as to reduce the temperature of a liquid phase point of the obtained mixture to be below 540 DEG C roughly; and the obtained alloy is used in the jointed base metal filled with metals having lower liquid phase points. The brazing material further comprises flux used as a core or coating. The active temperature of the flux is roughly lower than the liquid phase point of the brazing material. The brazing material can be supplied in different forms, such as a strip, a ring, a gasket, a rod, a wire and other similar pre-forming pieces.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the soldering field.Particularly, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have related to a kind of soldering (brazing) material and manufacturing process thereof of being used for combination (coupling) metal of uniqueness.
Background technology
As is known to the person skilled in the art, soldering is a kind of joint (joining) technique, thus non-iron is filled (non-ferrous filler) metal or alloy and be heated to fusion temperature, and be distributed between two or more close-fitting (close-fitting) parts.The filling metal of fusing and brazing flux (flux) interact with the base metal of skim, then cool off to form joint (joint) firm, sealing.Multiple filling metal and alloy can be used.The filling metal or alloy that is used for the joint base metal has a liquidus point (namely, metal molten becomes liquid residing temperature), it is roughly in the below of the solidus (solidus) of more engaged base metal, in order to guarantee that base metal is not melted during soldering.
For multiple reason, soldering is one of method of the most general current jointing metal.One of reason, soldered fitting are relatively firm.On nonferrous metal and steel, process suitably tension (tensile) intensity of the joint of processing often surpasses the tensile strength that is engaged metal itself.Possible at the stainless steel joint that to set up a tensile strength be 130,000 pound per square inches.In addition, therefore soldered fitting can bear sizable shock and vibration than flexible (ductile).And soldered fitting is more easily made, and makes in addition quite soon.Ideally, soldering is used for engaging dissimilar (dissimilar) metal, for example iron content and metal non-iron and metal with fusing point of larger variation.Therefore in addition, soldering is carried out at a lower temperature, has reduced the risk of warpage (warping), overheated or fusing base metal.At last, compare with other joint technology, soldering is economical.
Soldering relate to utilize capillarity (capillary action) with the filling Metal Distribution that will melt between the surface of wanting engaged base metal.Soldering processes generally include several distinct (distinct) step.The first, the operator must guarantee two kinds with the good cooperation between the engaged base metal and suitable space.The second, only have metal appropriately to be cleaned, capillarity just can work normally, and thus, base metal must be by appropriate cleaning before being bonded together.Next, parts must be melted usually.Brazing flux (flux) is a kind of compound (chemical compound) that is applied to joint surface before the soldering.The brazing flux coating is used for base metal surfaces and air are shielded, and prevents from thus forming oxide thereon.Then, metal is kept preparing in position soldering.Then, with ready assembly soldering, this comprises assembly is heated to suitable brazing temperature, and makes and fill metal flow through joint.In case joint is created, usually must carry out suitable cleaning to remove any brazing flux residue to it, if corrosive, also should remove any oxide skin (oxide scale) that in brazing process, forms.
The problem of recognizing in advance is that the liquidus temperature of filling metal or brazing material is often too high, so that brazing material will cause the fusing of base metal during soldering together with the use of base metal, thereby can not use with some base material.Say nothing of, expectation provides a kind of brazing material that comprises temperature inhibitor (depressant), and thus, the temperature inhibitor is significant humidity province of formation between solid-state (solidus) of the liquid state of brazing material and base metal.
Current, for example, the production of aluminum-made heat exchanger coil relates to the use high-temperature brazing material, and it may transfer to increase temperature and processing time.Increase the result of the use of processing temperature, it is various unfavorable to have occurred, and includes but not limited to the fusing of base metal, the corrosion of base metal and the loss of flux activity.Yet some lower temperature alloys have been used for this and have brought limited success, for example, and alloy 98Zn/2Al.Although the standby lower temperature of the aluminium substrate metal implement in this special alloy ratio heat exchanger assemblies, the result is not good (otherwise positive) originally.For example, if the fusion temperature that alloy has is lower than the active temperature of employed standard brazing flux, then alloy will melt but just can infiltrate (wet) base material until brazing flux becomes to activate.Therefore, this usually causes quite inconsistent (inconsistent) bond quality.
In another kind was used, low melting point zinc (Zn) alloy had been used for soldering (soldering) or brazed aluminum element in the past.Yet this alloy can only be used for auto-feed (feeding) or manual feeding, because in the past used brazing flux melts under the temperature of the temperature that is higher than Zn alloy fusing itself.Therefore, when these Alloy Forming were ring or other preformed member (preform), alloy usually melted before brazing flux.Regrettably, because alloy is at first mobile, therefore be positioned at the brazing flux non-oxidation protection on the base metal surfaces, thereby alloy has been rolled into ball.In addition, when brazing flux finally activated, alloy had also had a kind of trend that flows to inconsistently joint surface.This problem is shown in Fig. 1 a-1d.As a result, tin/soldered fitting of producing is normally unacceptable, presents limited bond strength and loses integrality (leak integrity).
In addition, the high-load of zinc may cause potentially that brazing alloy corrodes some aluminium substrate hardwares between the period of heating in the solder.This corrosion that occurs can affect the structural intergrity of assembly and the sealing of soldered fitting (leak tightness).The degree of the corrosion that occurs can be subjected to the impact of many factors, but the total content of Zn plays a crucial role in the brazing alloy.Therefore, it is desirable to keep the content of Zn in the alloy is a known level, that is, and and lower level preferably.
It shall yet further be noted that because quantity and the employed automatic brazing equipment of the joint that need to process, therefore the current soldering/soldering of Aluminium evaporator coil almost only operates with the alloy of annular in industry.
Therefore neededly be, the preformed kirsite that can be used for the annular of existing technology and equipment, thereby eliminate the problem of inconsistent alloy stream, and make brazing flux follow the suitable fusing of brazing alloy and flow to the product that joint surface presents even fusing by providing a kind of, thereby improve the uniformity (consistency) of gained soldered fitting.Also need a kind of brazing product, it is when providing with annular, and that will melt before brazing alloy melts and active brazing flux is discharged into joint area.Also need a kind of operation that comprises brazing flux, it can burn in the aluminium substrate metal surface brazing flux of fusing, with the formation that suitably limits oxide and remove the oxide that exists on the aluminium.Need in addition a kind of alloy that comprises aluminium (Al), zinc (Zn) and silicon (Si), form reliably connection (bond) thereby when this alloy begins to melt, can flow to uniformly soldered fitting.
Also need a kind of brazing material, be used for the application that between the liquidus temperature of the solidus of base metal and brazing material requirement has the humidity province.In addition, need a kind of brazing material, it can adopt different forms to comprise that band (strip), silk (wire), brazing flux apply or brazing flux is product, ring or other this species preform of core.In addition, need a kind of brazing material, it can have the liquidus point that scope is 600 °F and 1080 °F (315 ℃ and 582 ℃).Until at present, in the situation that do not cause various defectives, these requirements are fully dissatisfied.
Summary of the invention
Sum up, the present invention is oriented to a kind of brazing material, and it preferably forms to be used for soldering processes by the aluminium alloy that is bonded to zinc or kirsite.Effect of the present invention is to provide a kind of brazing material, to be used at the solidus of the base metal that will engage and to need to have the application of humidity province between the liquidus curve of this brazing material of containing.
A target of the present invention is, a kind of brazing material is provided, and it has the liquidus temperature scope between 600 °F and 1080 °F (315 ℃ and 582 ℃), but the temperature of the fusion range that allows still is higher than used brazing flux.Another target of the present invention is, a kind of brazing material is provided, and it can adopt different forms, for example band, silk, ring, packing ring, rod and at the preformed member of known other form of association area.This species preform can be apply with antioxidant (agent) or be core, for example, a kind of brazing flux.Also have a target to be, create a kind of economy and be easy to the brazing material making and use.
Another target of the present invention provides a kind of brazing material, and it can be configured to for different application.For example, be used for some and use, the aluminium alloy of brazing material can be incorporated on the zinc that just in time is positioned at the one side.Perhaps, may expect provides a kind of brazing material, and wherein aluminum alloy junction is combined in both sides, thereby zinc or kirsite are sandwiched between the two-layer aluminium alloy.In addition, in the middle of aluminium alloy can be positioned at, and zinc is in both sides.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, these targets are by providing a kind of brazing material of base metal, the second metal and brazing flux that comprises to realize, described the second metal be preferably aluminium alloy and zinc or kirsite by as apply (coating), parcel (wrapping) or apply and cover (cladding) and be bonded thereto.Brazing material may have the brazing flux core, perhaps, can comprise the brazing flux coating.The final synthetic of brazing material should preferably include enough zinc, is lower than 582 ℃ in order to the liquidus temperature of brazing material is reduced to.Comprise the individual components that is in environment temperature although preferably apply the zinc and the aluminium alloy that cover, both begin mutual component alloy in brazing process.Thus, when zinc began to melt, it also was melting into self with some aluminium.When temperature continue to rise, zinc and aluminium alloy fused together fully, formed the soldering packing material and fusion temperature is higher than the fusion temperature that places the brazing flux that applies the coating opposite side and just be lower than fusion temperature at the base material of soldering.In alternate embodiment, a kind of material that is different from zinc can be used as the temperature inhibitor.And in another embodiment, a kind of material that is different from aluminium also can be used.
In yet another aspect, brazing material provides with filate formula and similar type, and aluminium alloy can be bonded to kirsite along circumference.
Another aspect of the present invention is, a kind of brazing material is provided, it is carried out in open air and requires to use mode of heating of brazing flux and low melting point brazing alloy to use with welding torch, induction, stove or other, and this low melting point brazing alloy melts more than the active melting point of used brazing flux but still the alloy melting point of the fusing point that significantly is lower than combined base metal is provided.
Another object of the present invention is that a kind of method that can be used for creating brazing material described herein is provided.
Another aspect of the present invention is, controls the amount of the crucial alloy in the whole soldering synthetic, and zinc for example is to obtain optimum brazing quality and intensity.
These and other aspect of the present invention and purpose, when considering together with the following description and drawings, will more comprehensible and understanding.Yet, should be appreciated that following description, although expression the preferred embodiments of the present invention provide and are not limited to this with the form of illustrating.In the scope of the invention that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention, can carry out some variations and modification, and the present invention includes all these modification.
Description of drawings
Thereby by reference example and embodiment that therefore be a part that consists of this specification of anticipating shown in nonrestrictive, the accompanying drawing, form advantages and features of the invention and the structure of exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the clear concept of operation and become more obvious, wherein similarly reference number refers to identical element in a plurality of views, and wherein:
Fig. 1 a-1d is the brazing material method of prior art;
Fig. 2 a illustrates the side view of an embodiment of brazing material of the present invention;
A viewgraph of cross-section of the brazing material of Fig. 2 b schematic diagram 2a;
Fig. 2 c signal is according to the viewgraph of cross-section of another embodiment of brazing material of the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates according to the viewgraph of cross-section of another embodiment of brazing material of the present invention;
Fig. 4 a signal is according to another embodiment of material of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b signal is according to another embodiment of material of the present invention;
Fig. 5 illustrates according to another embodiment with the material of the present invention shown in the cross section;
Fig. 6 illustrates according to another embodiment with the material of the present invention shown in the cross section;
Fig. 7 illustrates according to another embodiment with the material of the present invention shown in the cross section;
Fig. 8 illustrates according to the fragmentary, perspective view of another embodiment of material of the present invention;
Fig. 9 a signal is according to the perspective view of the annular of another embodiment of brazing material of the present invention;
Fig. 9 b and Fig. 9 c illustrate another embodiment according to brazing material of the present invention;
The application of Figure 10-12 signal a kind of form of the present invention;
Figure 13 is that signal is merged (alloying) sketch together such as two kinds of metals among the present invention;
Figure 14 is the flow chart that the manufacture method of brazing material of the present invention is shown;
Figure 15 illustrates further embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16 illustrates of the present invention a kind of application shown in Figure 15;
Figure 17 illustrates a kind of application of known brazing material;
Figure 18 illustrates further embodiment of the present invention; With
Figure 19 illustrates a kind of known brazing material;
In the preferred embodiment that description the present invention illustrates in the accompanying drawings, for clarity, will adopt particular term.Yet, and not meaning that the present invention is subject to the particular term of so choosing, and be construed as each particular term and comprised all technical equivalents, it operates to realize similar purpose in a similar manner.For example, word " connection ", " adhering to ", " combination ", or similarly term also often is used.They are not limited to direct connection, but have comprised the connection by other element, wherein these connect thought by those skilled in the art of equal value.
The specific embodiment
1. summary of the present invention
The invention provides a kind of method of making the brazing alloy product, for example, a kind of Al/Zn/Si product, wherein the ballpark of Zn (flexible range) is controlled and is limited by the content of Zn in the product and position.This control of Zn element is also worked to the corrosion resistance (corrosion resistance) of the soldered fitting that obtains among the present invention.In the past, high Zn content contains gold and usually shows weak corrosion resistance than the alloy of Al base.And when the content of Zn in the alloy increased, anti-corrosion degree can weaken.Because the content of Zn can be controlled in the brazing product, therefore according to application demand, various synthetics are likely.
As is known in the art, the Zn alloy that melts more than the brazing flux fusion temperature only possesses limited availability.Therefore, the present invention is in conjunction with Zn bearing metal and Al alloy, to form a kind of fusion temperature more than used brazing flux solidus but be starkly lower than the final alloy of the solidus of the base metal that will engage.The present invention also proposes two kinds of alloys are combined and brazing flux is incorporated in proper method in the product.
The present invention further proposes the contact problems of inconsistent coating or storeroom, for example the ratio of the brazing flux alloy by an abundance is provided.In another embodiment, this covers (clad) to another kind of alloy so that metal by a kind of alloy is applied, for example, Al and Zn alloy, between form close contact, and then brazing flux system is finished to a core that is formed thread.The present invention also provides a kind of brazing product, and it does not require directly material to be applied or applies and be layed onto on the base metal substrate, for example sees the deposited soldering lug that covers in prior art field.More properly, the invention provides a kind of brazing product, before soldering its fully with base metal substrate separation, make can directly engage between the two base metal parts and need not to use (intermediary) substrate surface of centre.
2. preferred embodiment describes in detail
Referring now to Fig. 1 a-14,, Fig. 1 a-1d especially, Fig. 1 a-1d shows brazing material and the method for prior art, and the method is as discussed above to be inappropriate for certain operations.
Fig. 2 a and 2b show the first embodiment of brazing material of the present invention.Particularly, Fig. 2 a shows the side view of brazing material, for example comprises for example kirsite 12 and be attached to the second metal aluminium alloy 14 for example on the base metal of base metal according to band 10 of the present invention.Fig. 2 b shows the cross sectional front elevation of the brazing material of Fig. 2 a.Although the present embodiment has disclosed the use of kirsite, should be appreciated that alternatively, pure zinc or other temperature suppress material can be for the of the present invention various embodiment in this announcement.Similarly, although aluminium-silicon alloys is preferred, other alloy also can be used among the various embodiment described here.These temperature that substitute suppress the example of material and packing material and will further discuss below.
Contain the various scopes for final synthetic or the mixture (" mixture " is defined as the alloy brazed material of being in a liquid state of gained or solid-state form) of brazing material, and below representational synthetic is listed in.Following synthetic shows by weight percentage:
Al：30％+/-20％
Si：5％+/-5％
Zn：70％+/-20％
Other element: 5%+/-5%
A preferred embodiment is:
Al: approximately 40%
Si: approximately 5%
Zn: approximately 55%
Other element:＜0.5%; With
Another preferred embodiment is:
Al: approximately 18%
Si: approximately 3%
Zn: approximately 79%
Other element:＜0.5%
The top synthetic that discloses also do not mean that and becomes restriction, and therefore, other synthetic also can use.Although zinc and aluminium alloy are preferred, as the aforementioned, other material also can use, as long as the liquidus point temperature of final synthetic reaches between between 600 °F and 1080 °F (315 ℃ to 582 ℃).
In a preferred embodiment, two parts, kirsite 12 and aluminium alloy 14 keep two independently parts at ambient temperature.Yet in brazing process, kirsite 12 and aluminium alloy 14 begin to merge.When zinc began to melt, some aluminium alloys were mixed in the zinc alloy solution.Along with temperature raises, kirsite and aluminium alloy will melt fully or merge to form a kind of brazing mixture, be higher than kirsite thereby the resulting materials melting temperature is lower than aluminium alloy.Preferably, final synthetic should comprise enough zinc, in order to make the liquidus temperature of gained synthetic be lower than 540 ℃, for example, preferred approximately 488 ℃.Particularly, preferably Al's 718 and the humidity province between the liquidus temperature of zinc coating aluminium alloy.
In a preferred embodiment, aluminium alloy preferably includes one of following: the Al718 of AMS 4185D, AWS A5.8BalSi-4, the AA4047 of association of Alcoa or Lucas-Milhaupt (for example 88%Al, 12%Si).Generally speaking, the synthetic of Al alloy is:
Al：80％+/-20％
Si：20％+/-20％
It is one of following that the synthetic of kirsite preferably includes:
Zn：80％+/-20％
Al：20％+/-20％
Other element: 20%+/-20%
Or
Zn：98％+/-1％
Al：2％+/-1％
Other element :≤0.02% (referring to the Al802 of the Lucas-Milhaupt Co., Ltd that can buy here).
As described, above-mentioned zinc and aluminium alloy also do not mean that it is to become restriction, and contained other such as zinc and aluminium alloy and can be in order to implement the present invention.In addition, disclose as front, contained the metal except kirsite and alusil alloy, and therefore within the scope of the invention.For example, tin or cadmium can be used.These metals as kirsite, play the temperature inhibitor for brazing material.
In a preferred embodiment, silver alloy can be used as base metal.This metalloid is Br300, can obtain from Lucas-Milhaupt Co., Ltd.Then nickel alloy preferably is bonded to this silver alloy so that a kind of brazing material to be provided.
Perhaps, the another kind of synthetic of final brazing mixture can be:
The Ag/Cu/Zn/Ni alloy:
As described, the present invention can adopt various ways.Yet in a preferred embodiment, the deposited of described embodiment covered the thickness that alloy strip preferably has 0.002 inch-0.050 inch (0.005-0.127 centimetre), and at least 0.025 inch of width-1.5 inches (0.0635-0.38 centimetre).Comprise that at final products it is the diameter of 0.010 inch-0.375 inch (0.025-0.953 centimetre) at least that this silk preferably has in the alternate embodiment of silk or analog.Although the measures first mentioned representative is used for the advantageous measure of brazing material, should be appreciated that and contained the thickness and the diameter that substitute, and within the scope of the present invention.
Here the brazing material that discloses will reduce liquidus temperature, and can reduce the needed time of soldering, for example, use the aluminum heat exchange coil, reduce thus the possibility that is engaged the base material fusing.In addition, because therefore alloy fusing after brazing flux has become activation, compare with the brazing material of other low temperature, the freer and more more consistent joints of generation of the Material Flow that discloses here.Except an ideal brazing temperature range was provided, material of the present invention can use with existing assembly and technique.
With reference now to Fig. 2 c,, show an alternative embodiment of the invention, wherein brazing material is the form of silk (wire) 16 take brazing flux as core.Are brazing fluxes 18 at the center of silk 16, it surrounds by aluminium alloy layer 14 with by the combined outside layer that kirsite 12 forms with being right after.These metals preferably wrap up rightly mutually herein.Therefore, the product take brazing flux as core among Fig. 2 c, brazing flux 18 preferably are encapsulated in the inside of silk, and such as U.S. Patent No. 6,830,632 is described, and it is incorporated into this by reference.Yet the brazing flux core can be enclosed in by other method well known in the art and apply the inside of covering band.
Aluminium: 10%+/-5%
Caesium: 50%+/-30%
Fluoride: 20%+/-15%
Contained alternative brazing flux synthetic also within the scope of the present invention, for example from Solvay Fluor's
Brazing flux has comprised K, Al, F, Fe, Ca and LOH.In fact, as long as the active temperature that has of brazing flux is lower than the temperature of the liquidus curve of the brazing mixture that obtains or material, this brazing flux just can be in order to put into practice the present invention.Key still is, brazing metal of the present invention brazing flux become active after rather than before melt.
In certain embodiments, apply the side covering zinc, zinc coating or similarly only be positioned at aluminium.Here, brazing flux preferably places with zinc and applies the opposite side of coating.This just guarantees zinc in the opposite side of brazing flux, has therefore limited the potential adverse effect between zinc and brazing flux (adverse reaction).It also can temporarily play heat shielding.
Turning to now Fig. 3, show brazing material product of the present invention, wherein is the form of silk 20.Silk 20 is comprised of kirsite core 12, intermediate aluminum alloy layer 14 and outside brazing flux layer 18.In an embodiment of this class silk 20, metal 12, the 14th coextrudes them into (co-extruded) of shape, then applies with the brazing flux 18 that can spray.Perhaps, brazing flux also can coextrude them into shape with metal.
The final form that substitutes that has also contained the brazing material that discloses here.For example, brazing material can adopt the preformed member of band, packing ring, rod, silk, ring and various other well known in the art.In addition, various forms can be the brazing flux that applies, take brazing flux as core, perhaps originally separates with brazing flux self.
Shown in Fig. 4 a, when expectation, kirsite 12 can be clipped between the two-layer aluminium alloy 14, and brazing flux 18 is positioned at the core of this layout.The layer 14,12,14 here can combine along circumference, for example, and by " double-deck applying covered (double cladding) ".Perhaps, in this layout, other metal can sandwich wherein together, and for example, aluminium alloy can be clipped in (not shown) between the two-layer kirsite.
Shown in Fig. 4 b, kirsite 12 can be the form of silk.With saxonia metal wire 12 combinations be aluminium alloy 14.Yet, preferably, be brazing flux layer 18a between aluminium alloy 14 and saxonia metal wire 12.Then another brazing flux layer 18b preferably add to the outside of A1 layer 14.
Fig. 5 shows other form of the present invention.Brazing material adopts conventional U-shaped 22.Form 22 generally includes the first metal 12 around the second metal 14.Groove (channel) 21 or slit separate the metal end of bending.Then, brazing flux 18 preferably injects groove 21 and sclerosis with the form of liquid.Certainly, in this configuration, can add the extra play of metal and brazing flux.For example, can be by one of the metal that will add sintering (sintering) powdered metal to form this layout.In this class embodiment, then the brazing flux 18 of powdered can put into the core of metal.
Fig. 6 shows the multi-layer configuration of the brazing material 26 of invention.Band 26 has the first material layer 27, the second material layer 29 and the 3rd material layer 31.Then to these layer configurations, for example, bending is to form groove or groove 33.Then brazing flux 18 is added this groove 33.Groove 33 also can be processed into band 26.For example, groove 33 can be at first on material 31 with mould for example 1/8 inch zink rod band cutting form.Then just can add other material 29 and 27.At last, brazing flux 18 is set.Material is preferably different metal, and preferably combination, for example applies by hot-spraying technique.Preferably pack into the brazing flux 18 of powdered of groove 33 of brazing flux.Although use thermal spray coating here, other the various technology well known in the art that have also that " cold " be suitable for material apply.Should be noted that the combination that can use combination, for example, one deck can be coated on another layer, then descends one deck to be applied and covers, and final the 3rd layer can be wrapped.
Fig. 7 shows the another kind configuration of silk 24.Here brazing flux 18a is by metal 14 and another kind of metal 12 parcels.Then the extra play of brazing flux 18b for example adds the outside to by coating.
Fig. 8 shows the another kind of possible configuration of the brazing material 28 of inventing.Here brazing flux 18 is surrounded by metal 14.Then metal 12 joins around brazing flux 18 and the metal 14 by parcel.When metal 12, aluminium alloy for example, when the outside of kirsite, it encapsulates kirsite, and kirsite (14) corrodes (eroding) base metal when stoping heating.
Fig. 9 a shows the another kind configuration of the brazing material 10 of inventing.Brazing material is a preformed ring 30.This ring has one deck of the first metal 32 and the second layer of the second metal 34.Groove (groove) 40 is positioned at the center of ring 30.Brazing flux 18 is deposited in the groove 40.In this embodiment, zinc or kirsite are preferably the outermost layer of metal 32.In case to encircling 30 heating, zinc just helps reaction is continued.When zinc began to melt, it had accelerated for example fusing of aluminium of the second metal 34.
Other embodiments of the invention comprise the form of the brazing flux of coating.Shown in Fig. 9 b, brazing material of the present invention can punching press (stamp) become packing ring 50.Fig. 9 c shows such punching press packing ring 50.Here, two kinds of metals are provided, 12 and 14.Herein, brazing flux 18 is preferably coating.
Figure 15 shows the another kind configuration of the brazing material 10 of inventing.In this embodiment, brazing flux 18 is surrounded by metal 14.Metal 14 is shaped to have by triangle shaped ends 52,54 defined triangular shaped body.End 52,54 each self-forming are to limit triangular chamber 56,58 separately.Groove 60 extends along the inner surface of main body, and each chamber 56,58 is opened.About this, brazing flux 18 be included in chamber 56,58 and groove 60 threes in each among.
With reference now to Figure 18,, metal 14 illustrates makes ring, and between the end 52,54 of metal 14 with clearance plane to the ring internal diameter.This structure can remain in the metal 14 brazing flux 18 and need not to use adhesive.As known in the art, adhesive can not burn totally, and usually within the soldered fitting and on stay residue, this may hinder (impede) suitable alloy and brazing flux and flow, and causes poor soldered joint quality.
Contained the various scopes about the final compound of the brazing material with describing shown in Figure 15, and representational composition is listed as follows.Following composition shows by weight percentage:
A)Al：30％+/-20％
Zn：70％+/-20％
Other element: 5%+/-5%
A preferred embodiment is:
Al: approximately 22%
Zn: approximately 78%
Other element:＜0.5%
That is: Al 822
B)Al：85％+/-10％
Si：15％+/-10％
Other element: 5%+/-5%
A preferred embodiment is:
Al: approximately 88%
Si: approximately 12%
Other element:＜0.5%
That is: Al718 (AWS BAlSi-4)
C)Al：40％+/-20％
Si：5％+/-5％
Zn：60％+/-20％
Other element: 5%+/-5%
A preferred embodiment is:
Al: approximately 40%
Si: approximately 5%
Zn: approximately 55%
Other element:＜0.5%
3. use and operation
Suitable fusing and flowing stage according to embodiments of the invention production are shown in Figure 10-12.Do not provide concrete temperature, but T1, T2 etc. are used as shown.
The example of the temperature contrast between high Zn alloy and brazing flux (for example, being shown in the prior art of Fig. 1 a-1d) and the AlZnSi alloy (55) of inventing and brazing flux is as follows:
Typical process temperature to high Zn alloy:
Step 1:T1=implements initial heating;
Step 2:T2=Zn alloy melts;
Step 3:T3=brazing flux melts;
Step 4:T4=implements after the heating;
Note T here
Kirsite＜T
Brazing flux＜T
Base metal
The sketch of the situation that Figure 13 during heating occurs together for signal Al and Zn material alloys.
Typical process temperature to the AlZnSi alloy 55 invented:
Step 1:T1=initial heating;
Zn alloy melting in the step 2:T2=ring;
The fusing of step 3:T3=brazing flux;
Step 4:T4=AlZnSi alloy melting;
Step 5:T5=implements after the heating;
T
KirsiteT
Brazing flux＜T
Base metal
T
Brazing flux＜T
The AlZnSi alloy＜T
The AlSi alloy＜T
Base metal
Therefore, as shown here, the Zn alloy is as a kind of temperature inhibitor so that the active fusion temperature that new AlZnSi alloy has is lower than and is included in brazing material and for example encircles, among the fusion temperature of original AlSi alloy.Here still, the control of temperature and alloy/brazing flux synthetic is crucial.
Figure 16 illustrates an application of brazing material shown in Figure 15 10.In this representational application, brazing material uses with the aluminum-made heat exchanger product.For the production of aluminum heat exchange coil, between the aluminum pipe 64 of hairpin (hairpin) 62 and bending, create common soldered fitting.Joint 66 between hairpin 62 and the aluminum pipe 64 should be (hermetic)/airtight (leaktight) of sealing, is not had hardly space (void) at two between the part by soldering.Compared with the brazing material of routine, the present invention more effectively assists in ensuring that the generation of reliable soldered joint.
The brazing material that is suitable for carrying out between 64 at hairpin 62 and pipe the routine of soldered joint has the annular of cross section geometry rectangle, oval-shaped or circular usually, and then attached (attach) is to the bend pipe of heat exchanger.Briefly with reference to Figure 17 and 19, the conventional brazing material 68 of the annular with rectangular cross sectional shape is shown.As shown in figure 17, along with pipe 64 inserts in the hairpin 62, ring 68 is located on the edge of joint 70.It is unfavorable significantly that this causes to soldering, because when assembly is heated, braze-welding rings 68 is exposed to direct heat source, and alloy and brazing flux usually can melt and flow away from joint interface, thus so that alloy lack of fill and space.In addition and since the pipe with hairpin between limited contacting, so between the period of heating ring 68 from manage 64 and hairpin 62 on take off fully get blamed uncommon, thereby so that not have the existence alloy and brazing flux for the production of.
As shown in figure 16, triangle braze-welding rings shown in Figure 15 is considered to eliminate this shortcoming because the geometry of silk ring and manufacturing so that brazing material can more effectively be seated between pipe 64 and the hairpin 62.Those skilled in the art will understand, and the present invention provides close contact at alloy hoop 10, hairpin 62 and 64 of pipes, provide thus better heat to transmit, and so that suitable soldering can occur on more consistent basis.Especially, the shape of braze-welding rings 10 plays the guiding function of directionality, and surface tension provides alloy is drawn in joint.In addition, the possibility that ring 10 will melt separately is less, and so avoided having alloy to fall the outside of joint, thereby obtain joint more consistent, that quality is better.This close contact be not only so that brazing alloy and brazing flux can as one man flow into joint 66, and limited the direct heating to braze-welding rings, thereby limited the too early fusing (premature melting) of alloy and brazing flux.In addition, hairpin 62 provides mechanical resistance for brazing alloy ring 10, thus so that ring can not move on to the outside of engaging zones.
In addition, the geometry of this embodiment of the present invention and manufacturing need not to use adhesive so that brazing flux can expose to joint interface, and as above-mentioned, adhesive may cause weak joint.Therefore, in the situation that there is not adhesive, alloy and brazing flux can be totally and are freely flowed into joint interface to create reliable soldering.The brazing flux of adhesive-free provides joint cleaning, white in addition, and does not have undesirable bonding residue in joint, for example may look like the black stain of leak.Situation when the outward appearance procuratorial work of the joint of therefore, making with the brazing flux that contains adhesive is difficult to not use adhesive more.
Compare with the silk of the circle of standard or the preformed member of rectangle, the total Surface Contact between ring and the assembly can increase at least 20-30%.The contact area that increases has increased the heat conduction between base material and the preformed member, thereby so that alloy can heat more uniformly base material.This will cause more complete and firm joint.
In addition, compare the triangular shaped rigidity that has more of ring 10 with the rectangle preformed member with the standard circular silk.The rigidity that increases has weakened the tendency that ring is opened, and it transfers to provide larger confining force (retention) for revolution turn of bilge (return bend).In addition, the profile that is used for making this band of ring has been improved the manufacturability of ring.The possibility of this edge of materials generation crackle is than less in standard circular silk and rectangle preformed member, so manufacturing process is more consistent, and easily reaches predetermined quality objective.Compare with material of the prior art, this material also possesses more consistent weight and brazing flux component (makeup).
Many different metals can be used in the formation of ring 10 of the present embodiment.For example, ring 10 can comprise 78Zn/22Al alloy, Al718 and many brazing alloys.
4. processing method
Figure 14 illustrates a kind of method for optimizing of making brazing material.The method comprises first step: a kind of base metal is provided, for example, comprises the aluminium alloy of aluminium and silicon.Secondly, the method comprises that for example kirsite is to the step of aluminium alloy in conjunction with the second metal, and wherein, kirsite is bonded at least one side of aluminium alloy.The second integrating step occurs, and wherein brazing flux is incorporated in to metal.This step may comprise encapsulation step, and wherein brazing flux is packaged in the core of brazing material.In another embodiment, provide a kind of coating step so that brazing flux is applied to brazing material.
In another embodiment, the first integrating step comprises one of the following: kirsite is coated on the aluminium alloy; Kirsite is wrapping on the aluminium alloy; With being applied, kirsite is layed onto on the aluminium alloy.In addition, may provide a making step, wherein brazing material is made into one of following form: band, silk, packing ring, rod, ring and other preformed member.
Make desirable shape and need other processing.For example, can use punching press (stamping), strike (scraping), push (extruding), sintering (sintering), or base (billeting).Also may need machined is that the second material and/or brazing flux are made groove.
Contrast traditional rectangular cross section ring, present many manufacturing advantages with leg-of-mutton form.For example, the triangle ring is more easily made, and causes less leftover pieces (scrap).In addition, the ring of structure is easier in moulding, and the ring of therefore more being justified.
The present invention in fact has countless application, and it all need not at this detailed description.In addition, all disclosed embodiment can put into practice and need not excessive test.In addition, although abovely disclose the inventor of containing and realize preferred forms of the present invention, practice of the present invention is not limited to this.Obviously, can carry out various additional, modification and the restructuring of feature of the present invention, and do not depart from the spirit and scope of essential theory of the present invention, for example see, structure and the material discussed in await the reply (pending) application U.S. publication NO.2007/0272334 and the application U.S. publication NO.2007/0251602 that awaits the reply all are incorporated into this by reference.
The silk smooth (flattened) of band or circle was sent the roll of V-shaped groove, then the brazing flux of powdered was added the center of V-arrangement silk.
In addition, make at the material that this discrete component of the present invention of discussing need not to disclose, but can be made by any suitable in fact material.An example is brazing flux.Any oxide protective material (substance) can be used for replacing brazing flux.And discrete component need not to be configured as the shape of announcement, or the configuration assembling to disclose, but can any in fact shape setting and with any in fact configuration assembling.In addition, the feature that the feature of all announcements of the embodiment that each discloses can announcements of the embodiment of other announcement with all combines, except these features are repelled mutually.
Be intended that the claim of enclosing comprises that this all classes is additional, modification and restructuring.Expedient (expedient) of the present invention embodiment distinguishes (differentiate) by the claim of enclosing.
The application requires to be called in the name that on November 25th, 2009 submitted to the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.12/602 of " Brazing Material ", 053 priority, and its full content is at this clearly by the reference combination in this application.
Claims (21)
1. brazing material comprises:
Have the main body by the defined triangular cross section in leg-of-mutton end, described end limits leg-of-mutton chamber, and this main body comprises:
Base metal; With
Be bonded to the brazing flux of base metal.
2. brazing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein, this brazing material is used for following at least one: open air ambient, torch brazing, induction brazing, uncontrolled atmosphere and without the smelting furnace of controlled atmospher.
3. brazing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein, base metal is a kind of in the aluminum and its alloy.
4. brazing material as claimed in claim 3, wherein, aluminium alloy comprises aluminium and silicon.
5. brazing material as claimed in claim 1, also comprise the second metal, this second metal is bonded to base metal and is configured to and is heated and causes producing and have liquidus temperature when roughly being lower than the mixture of liquidus temperature of base metal and base metal forms alloy when brazing material, wherein, the second metal is a kind of in pure zinc and the kirsite.
6. brazing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein, brazing flux is packed to form the core of brazing material.
7. brazing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein, brazing flux is incorporated in to the outer surface of brazing material.
8. brazing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the liquidus temperature of described mixture is lower than 540 ℃.
9. brazing material as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the liquidus temperature of described mixture is higher than 315 ℃.
10. brazing material as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the active temperature that brazing flux has is lower than the liquidus temperature of mixture.
11. brazing material as claimed in claim 1 also comprises being bonded to described bimetallic another layer aluminium alloy.
12. a brazing material comprises:
Main body has leg-of-mutton cross section and limits leg-of-mutton chamber, and this main body comprises:
Temperature inhibitor metal, it has and is lower than 540 ℃ liquidus point;
The aluminium alloy that comprises aluminium and silicon, it is attached at least one side that temperature suppresses metal; With
Comprise that caesium and active temperature are lower than the brazing flux of the liquidus point of brazing material, wherein, this brazing flux is one of the following: the core of brazing material and the coating of brazing material.
13. brazing material as claimed in claim 12, wherein, described temperature inhibitor metal is kirsite.
14. brazing material as claimed in claim 12, wherein, the liquidus temperature of brazing material is about 488 ℃.
15. brazing material as claimed in claim 12, wherein, brazing material can form one of the following: band, silk, preformed member, packing ring, and ring.
16. a method of making brazing material comprises the steps:
The aluminium alloy that comprises aluminium and silicon is provided;
Kirsite is combined with at least one side of described aluminium alloy and described kirsite is combined with described aluminium alloy; With
The shape of one of following form that described kirsite and aluminium alloy is formed have triangular cross section and limit triangular chamber: band, silk, rod, packing ring and ring.
17. method as claimed in claim 16 also comprises the second integrating step that brazing flux is bonded to aluminium alloy, wherein.
18. method as claimed in claim 16 also comprises the encapsulation step that brazing flux is encapsulated into the core of brazing material, wherein.
19. method as claimed in claim 16 also comprises applying brazing flux with the applying step of coating brazing material.
20. method as claimed in claim 16, wherein, integrating step comprises one of the following: kirsite is coated on the aluminium alloy; Kirsite is wrapping on the aluminium alloy; With being applied, kirsite is layed onto on the aluminium alloy.
21. method as claimed in claim 16 also comprises the procedure of processing that at least a oxide remover is added into brazing material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010106252671A CN102886617A (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2010-11-25 | Brazing material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010106252671A CN102886617A (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2010-11-25 | Brazing material |
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| CN2010106252671A Pending CN102886617A (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2010-11-25 | Brazing material |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104107987A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-22 | 安徽汇展热交换系统有限公司 | Anti-corrosion self-brazed aluminum solder |
| CN106167902A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-30 | 郑州机械研究所 | A kind of Surface hardened layer pricker is coated with material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106271178A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 郑州机械研究所 | A kind of compound pricker is coated with material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106271230A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 郑州机械研究所 | A kind of coating silver solder and preparation method thereof |
| CN107073658A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-08-18 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | The joint construction of joint method and heat exchanger aluminum pipe of the heat exchanger aluminum pipe welding with solder and using its heat exchanger aluminum pipe |
| CN108436321A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-24 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | A kind of included brazing flux type solder ring and preparation method thereof |
| CN112091477A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-12-18 | 浙江新锐焊接科技股份有限公司 | High-performance composite brazing material with low brazing flux residue |
| CN113732559A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-03 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Composite brazing filler metal and preparation method thereof |
| CN113927203A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-14 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Zinc-aluminum brazing filler metal and preparation method thereof |
| CN114918573A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-19 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring, preparation method thereof and preparation device of coating brazing filler metal ring |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104107987A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-22 | 安徽汇展热交换系统有限公司 | Anti-corrosion self-brazed aluminum solder |
| CN107073658A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-08-18 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | The joint construction of joint method and heat exchanger aluminum pipe of the heat exchanger aluminum pipe welding with solder and using its heat exchanger aluminum pipe |
| CN107073658B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2020-05-22 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Solder for welding heat exchanger aluminum pipe, and method and structure for joining heat exchanger aluminum pipe using same |
| CN106167902A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-30 | 郑州机械研究所 | A kind of Surface hardened layer pricker is coated with material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106271178A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 郑州机械研究所 | A kind of compound pricker is coated with material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106271230A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 郑州机械研究所 | A kind of coating silver solder and preparation method thereof |
| CN108436321A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-24 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | A kind of included brazing flux type solder ring and preparation method thereof |
| CN112091477A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-12-18 | 浙江新锐焊接科技股份有限公司 | High-performance composite brazing material with low brazing flux residue |
| CN113732559A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-03 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Composite brazing filler metal and preparation method thereof |
| CN113927203A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-14 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Zinc-aluminum brazing filler metal and preparation method thereof |
| CN114918573A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-19 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring, preparation method thereof and preparation device of coating brazing filler metal ring |
| CN114918573B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-09-26 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring and preparation method thereof |
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