CN114918573B - Zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114918573B CN114918573B CN202210555750.XA CN202210555750A CN114918573B CN 114918573 B CN114918573 B CN 114918573B CN 202210555750 A CN202210555750 A CN 202210555750A CN 114918573 B CN114918573 B CN 114918573B
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- zinc
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- brazing
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0227—Rods, wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/282—Zn as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3603—Halide salts
- B23K35/3605—Fluorides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/365—Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/404—Coated rods; Coated electrodes
Abstract
The invention provides a zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring and a preparation method thereof, and a preparation device of the coating brazing filler metal ring, and relates to the technical field of brazing. Specifically, a three-layer annular structure including an inner layer from the inside to the outside, a core layer, and an outer layer; wherein the inner layer is pure zinc; the core layer is zinc-aluminum alloy, and the molecular formula of the zinc-aluminum alloy is Zn 80 Al 20 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The outer layer includes a flux including rubidium fluoride and aluminum fluoride. The invention uses pure zinc tube as matrix, and uses it and Zn 80 Al 20 The alloy liquid reacts, the brazing filler metal is covered after alloying, and a brazing filler metal pipe is obtained, so that the influence of the content of aluminum element on the plasticity of the brazing filler metal is overcome, a brazing filler metal ring with good processing performance and smaller inner diameter can be obtained, and the technical problems of discontinuous brazing flux, easy core breakage and the like of the conventional flux-cored brazing filler metal are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of brazing, in particular to a zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring and a preparation method thereof, and a preparation device of the coating brazing filler metal ring.
Background
The filler material used for forming the weld joint during brazing is nickel-based filler metal (such as Chinese patent CN 110468406A), silver-based filler metal (such as Chinese patent CN 111344105A), zinc-aluminum filler metal and the like. The zinc-aluminum brazing filler metal is a common medium-temperature aluminum brazing filler metal and is mainly used for brazing copper-aluminum dissimilar metal pipelines in the refrigeration industry, such as refrigerator compressor pipelines and condenser pipelines. At present, the common zinc-aluminum solder is Zn98Al02 and Zn95Al05, and the content of Al element in the series of solder is less than or equal to 5%; this is because, when the Al content exceeds 5%, the plasticity of the solder is drastically deteriorated, and it is difficult to process the solder into filaments having a diameter of 0.8mm or less, and the alloy is liable to brittle failure or cracking in the ring making, resulting in low yield or poor quality. Even if the content of Al element is less than or equal to 5%, the processing performance of the series of brazing filler metals is still poor, and zinc-aluminum brazing filler metal rings with smaller inner diameters, such as brazing filler metal rings with inner diameters less than or equal to 5mm, are difficult to manufacture, so that the diversified welding requirements of capillary refrigeration pipelines in the refrigeration industry are difficult to meet.
The zinc-aluminum flux-cored solder is a common form of zinc-aluminum solder and is mostly used for manual flame brazing of copper-aluminum tubes in refrigeration pipelines; because of the limitation of the structure form and the preparation technology, the internal brazing flux of the zinc-aluminum brazing filler metal in the flux core form is discontinuous and the core is easy to break; meanwhile, the flux-cored solder with broken inner core is difficult to find from the appearance, and often flows into the welding of the refrigerating pipeline, so that the welding quality of the refrigerating pipeline is unstable, and even safety accidents are caused.
In addition, the brazing flux matched with the existing zinc-aluminum brazing filler metal is non-corrosive aluminum brazing flux, and the main component is AlF 3 CsF, etc.; wherein CsF is not only expensive, but also reacts with conventional binders, resulting in reduced activity of the corrosion-free aluminum flux; it is difficult to find out other adhesive with proper specification or cost and prepare zinc-aluminum flux coating brazing filler metal by matching with non-corrosive aluminum flux.
In order to solve the defects, development of a zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring is needed to solve the problems of core breakage and discontinuous brazing flux of a flux core brazing filler metal, and meanwhile, the problems of brittleness, poor processability and the like caused by an Al element in the zinc-aluminum brazing filler metal are overcome.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The first aim of the invention is to provide a zinc-aluminum coated brazing filler metal ring, which solves the defects of large inner diameter and poor processability of zinc-aluminum brazing filler metal in the prior art, overcomes the influence of aluminum element content on the plasticity of the brazing filler metal, and obtains the annular zinc-aluminum coated brazing filler metal with high aluminum content, smaller inner diameter, high activity and high bonding strength.
The second aim of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring, which is simple and easy to implement, high in yield, short in time, easy to reproduce and suitable for batch production.
The third object of the invention is to provide a device for preparing the coating solder ring.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the following technical solutions are specifically adopted:
a zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring comprises a three-layer annular structure consisting of an inner layer, a core layer and an outer layer; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the inner layer is pure zinc;
the core layer is zinc-aluminum alloy, and the molecular formula of the zinc-aluminum alloy is Zn 80 Al 20 ；
The outer layer includes a flux including rubidium fluoride and aluminum fluoride.
According to the invention, the inner diameter of the whole brazing filler metal ring is directly determined by the tubular pure zinc of the inner layer, when a pure zinc pipe with extremely low inner diameter is used as a raw material, the technical problem that the brazing filler metal ring with the inner diameter less than or equal to 5mm cannot be prepared in the prior art can be solved, and the diversified welding requirements of capillary refrigeration pipelines in the refrigeration industry are met; but it is equally possible to use pure zinc tubes of higher internal diameter to meet the requirements of other applications or uses.
In the invention, the pure zinc of the inner layer can be alloyed with the liquid zinc-aluminum alloy of the core layer in the preparation process; the content of Al element in the zinc-aluminum coating solder ring is greatly improved, and the conventional zinc-aluminum solder Zn 98 Al 2 And Zn 95 Al 5 The content of Al element is 2% and 5% respectively; in the invention, as pure zinc is used as the inner layer support, the core layer can adopt Zn with 20 percent of Al element 80 Al 20 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For the whole solder ring, from the distribution of parts by weight, 75-85 parts of Zn and 10-15 parts of Al are distributed, so that the content of Al element is still far higher than that of the conventional zinc-aluminum solder. The Al element content of the zinc-aluminum coating solder ring is far higher than that of the conventional zinc-aluminum solder,has the advantages that: firstly, as the content of Al element in the brazing filler metal is increased, the melting temperature of the brazing filler metal is increased, and the matching degree of the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux can be increased by increasing the melting temperature of the brazing filler metal, so that the wetting and joint filling performances of the brazing filler metal are obviously improved, and the welding quality is improved; secondly, al is a strengthening phase in the zinc-aluminum solder, and when the content of Al element is increased, the strength of the solder is also increased, so that the welding strength of the joint is correspondingly improved.
Preferably, the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight:
75-85 parts of Zn, 10-15 parts of Al and 3-10 parts of soldering flux;
more preferably, 76-84 parts of Zn, 12-14 parts of Al and 4-8 parts of soldering flux.
Preferably, the flux consists of the rubidium fluoride and the aluminum fluoride; the mass ratio of the rubidium fluoride to the aluminum fluoride is (45-50): (55-50);
more preferably, the mass ratio of the rubidium fluoride to the aluminum fluoride is 48.4:51.6;
more preferably, the flux is a high temperature eutectic composition of the rubidium fluoride and the aluminum fluoride at 486 ℃.
Preferably, the outer layer further comprises a binder consisting essentially of ethanol and hydrogenated rosin alcohol;
more preferably, the mass ratio of the binder to the brazing flux is 5-10: 1, a step of;
more preferably, the mass ratio of the ethanol to the hydrogenated rosin alcohol is 1-3: 1, a step of;
further preferably, the mass ratio of the ethanol to the hydrogenated rosin alcohol is 2:1.
preferably, the outer surface of the inner layer is provided with threads;
preferably, a layer of a mixed component of the brazing flux and the binder is also included between the inner layer and the core layer.
The preparation method of the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring comprises the following steps:
(1) Fully mixing the brazing flux with the adhesive to obtain brazing flux paste;
(2) Processing threads on the outer surface of the zinc tube after pretreatment, and then coating the brazing flux paste;
(3) Immersing the zinc tube in the step (2) in sequence, passing through a solution tank and a soldering flux paste tank of zinc-aluminum alloy, drying and cutting to obtain the zinc-aluminum coating solder ring.
Preferably, in step (2), the pretreatment includes: polishing the zinc tube with fine sand paper, and/or cleaning and drying the zinc tube with alcohol.
Preferably, in the step (2), the depth of the thread is 1/4-1/3 of the wall thickness of the zinc tube; the pitch of the threads is 0.8 mm-1.2 mm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the speed of the zinc pipe is 15 mm/s-20 mm/s when passing through the zinc-aluminum solution tank;
preferably, in the step (3), the speed of the zinc pipe is 5 mm/s-10 mm/s when passing through the brazing flux groove.
Preferably, in step (3), the drying is performed by hot air;
more preferably, the temperature of the hot air is 50-80 ℃.
The preparation device of the coating brazing filler metal ring comprises the following components connected in sequence:
the device comprises a first liquid tank, a second liquid tank, a hot air drying device and a heating device coated outside the first liquid tank.
Preferably, the first liquid tank and the second liquid tank are internally provided with a pipe inlet and a pipe outlet with the same horizontal position.
The hot air drying device is used for rapidly drying the zinc pipe, and the heating device is used for heating the alloy liquid in the first liquid tank to enable the alloy liquid to be in a liquid phase state continuously.
Preferably, the heating device comprises one of an induction coil, an electric furnace, a heating platform and a salt bath furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the pure Zn pipe with smaller inner diameter is taken as a matrix, and is immersed into the zinc-aluminum alloy liquid, so that the pure Zn pipe and the zinc-aluminum alloy liquid are alloyed and a brazing filler metal pipe with smaller inner diameter is formed, and the technical problems that the zinc-aluminum brazing filler metal in the prior art is poor in processability and difficult to process into low-diameter filaments are solved; the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring obtained by the method has higher yield, is not easy to crack, has low brittleness and has higher quality.
(2) The zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring has the advantages of high Al content and small inner diameter; compared with the traditional flux-cored solder ring, the flux-cored solder ring disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the problems of discontinuous soldering flux, poor solder wetting and the like are avoided.
(3) According to the invention, the brazing flux paste is additionally coated on the outer surface of the inner zinc tube, so that the outer coating has higher bonding strength, and the yield and the quality of the finished product are further ensured.
(4) The invention uses the mixture of the hydroabietyl alcohol and the ethanol as the binder, and has the advantages of enhanced activity and environmental protection; the hydroabietyl alcohol is generally used as a soldering flux for aluminum brazing, and when the hydroabietyl alcohol is mixed with ethanol and used as a binder, the activity of the non-corrosive aluminum soldering flux is not affected, and the activity of the soldering flux is enhanced.
(5) The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and feasible, and the yield is high; the preparation device provided by the invention has a simple structure, is easy to reproduce, and is suitable for mass production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a zinc-aluminum skin brazing filler metal ring provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a preparation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the final product of the zinc-aluminum skin braze ring of example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of brittle failure and cracking in the comparative example of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a physical appearance diagram of a copper-aluminum pipe subjected to welding and drying in a test example of the invention, wherein FIG. 5 (a) is obtained by brazing in a comparative example, and FIG. 5 (b) is obtained by brazing in example 5;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional profile of a copper aluminum pipe welded and sawed in accordance with the test example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples described below are some, but not all, examples of the present invention, and are intended to be illustrative of the present invention only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
A zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring comprises a three-layer annular structure consisting of an inner layer, a core layer and an outer layer; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the inner layer is pure zinc;
the core layer is zinc-aluminum alloy, and the molecular formula of the zinc-aluminum alloy is Zn 80 Al 20 ；
The outer layer includes a flux including rubidium fluoride and aluminum fluoride.
FIG. 1 provides a schematic structural diagram of a possible zinc-aluminum skin braze ring.
As a preferred embodiment, the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight:
75-85 parts of Zn, 10-15 parts of Al and 3-10 parts of soldering flux;
as a more preferred embodiment, the parts by weight of each component include, but are not limited to: 75 parts of Zn, 76 parts of Zn, 77 parts of Zn, 78 parts of Zn, 79 parts of Zn, 80 parts of Zn, 81 parts of Zn, 82 parts of Zn, 83 parts of Zn, 84 parts of Zn, and 85 parts of Zn; 10 parts of Al, 11 parts of Al, 12 parts of Al, 13 parts of Al, 14 parts of Al and 15 parts of Al; 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts and 10 parts of soldering flux.
As a preferred embodiment, the flux consists of the rubidium fluoride and the aluminum fluoride, the mass ratio of the rubidium fluoride to the aluminum fluoride including, but not limited to 45: 55. 46: 54. 47: 53. 48: 52. 49: 51. 50:50;
as a more preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the rubidium fluoride to the aluminum fluoride is 48.4:51.6.
as a preferred embodiment, the outer layer further comprises a binder consisting essentially of ethanol and hydrogenated rosin alcohol;
as a more preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the binder to the flux includes, but is not limited to, 5: 1. 6: 1. 7: 1. 8: 1. 9: 1. 10:1.
as a more preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the ethanol to the hydrogenated rosin alcohol includes, but is not limited to, 1: 1. 2:1. 3:1.
the preparation method of the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring comprises the following steps:
(1) Fully mixing the brazing flux with the adhesive to obtain brazing flux paste;
(2) Processing threads on the outer surface of the zinc tube after pretreatment, and then coating the brazing flux paste;
(3) Immersing the zinc tube in the step (2) in sequence, passing through a solution tank and a soldering flux paste tank of zinc-aluminum alloy, drying and cutting to obtain the zinc-aluminum coating solder ring.
As a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the ratio of the depth of the thread to the wall thickness of the zinc tube includes, but is not limited to, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65; the pitch of the threads includes, but is not limited to, 0.8mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2mm.
As a preferred embodiment, in step (3), the speed of the zinc tube is 15mm/s, 16mm/s, 17mm/s, 18mm/s, 19mm/s, 20mm/s when passing through the zinc-aluminum solution tank.
As a preferred embodiment, in step (3), the speed of the zinc tube is 5mm/s, 6mm/s, 7mm/s, 8mm/s, 9mm/s, 10mm/s when passing through the flux bath.
As a preferred embodiment, in step (3), the drying is performed with hot air, the temperature of which includes, but is not limited to, 50 ℃, 55 ℃, 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃.
The preparation device of the coating brazing filler metal ring comprises the following components connected in sequence:
the device comprises a first liquid tank, a second liquid tank, a hot air drying device and a heating device coated outside the first liquid tank.
Figure 2 provides a schematic representation of one possible manufacturing apparatus.
As a preferred embodiment, the first liquid tank and the second liquid tank are internally provided with an inlet pipe opening and an outlet pipe opening which are horizontally positioned in the same way.
The hot air drying device is used for rapidly drying the zinc pipe, and the heating device is used for heating the alloy liquid in the first liquid tank to enable the alloy liquid to be in a liquid phase state continuously.
The invention also discloses a using method of the coating solder ring preparation device, which mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) Pouring zinc-aluminum alloy into the first liquid tank, and starting a heating device to melt the lead-aluminum alloy into a liquid state;
(2) Pouring mixed paste of soldering flux and adhesive into the second liquid tank; and/or respectively pouring the brazing flux and the adhesive into the second liquid tank, and fully stirring and mixing;
(3) Immersing a zinc tube in the first liquid tank and transversely passing through the first liquid tank at a certain speed; immersing a zinc tube in the second liquid tank and transversely passing through the second liquid tank at a certain speed;
(4) And (3) starting a hot air drying device, drying the zinc tube in the step (3), and performing cutting and other conventional surface treatments to obtain the coating brazing filler metal ring.
As a preferred embodiment, before step (3), further comprising: and coating a layer of mixed paste of brazing flux and adhesive on the surface of the zinc tube.
Example 1
Firstly), weighing AlF with the mass ratio of 48.4:51.6 3 And RbF, uniformly mixing the two, and cooling, solidifying and crystallizing under the eutectic reaction at 486 ℃ to prepare the brazing flux; weighing ethanol and hydrogenated rosin alcohol with the mass ratio of 1:2 to prepare an adhesive; the brazing flux and the adhesive are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:10, weighing, stirring and mixing the materials to prepare soldering flux paste for standby;
secondly), taking a pure Zn pipe with the inner diameter of 5mm and the wall thickness of 0.8mm, polishing the surface of the pure Zn pipe with fine sand paper, cleaning with alcohol, airing, and processing an external thread for later use; the depth of the external thread is 1/4 of the wall thickness of the pipe, and the pitch is 0.8mm;
thirdly) uniformly brushing the surface of the pure Zn pipe in the second step with a layer of brazing flux paste in the first step) at a speed of 20mm/s to pass through Zn 80 Al 20 A solution tank for obtaining a brazing pipe;
fourthly), the brazing filler metal pipe in the third step passes through a brazing flux paste groove at the speed of 10mm/s to obtain a coating brazing filler metal pipe;
fifthly), opening a hot air device, drying the coating brazing filler metal pipe in the step four) at 50 ℃ of hot air, and cutting to obtain a zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring with the inner diameter of 5 mm;
the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring comprises the following components in parts by mass: 75 parts of Zn, 10 parts of Al and 3 parts of soldering flux.
Example 2
Substantially the same as in example 1, the only difference is that:
the mass ratio of the brazing flux to the adhesive in the first step is 1:9;
in the second step), the inner diameter of the pure Zn pipe is 6mm, the wall thickness is 1.0mm, the depth of the external thread is 1/3 of the wall thickness of the pipe, and the thread pitch is 1.0mm;
the speed in the step three) is 18mm/s;
the speed in the fourth step is 9mm/s;
the temperature in step five) was 60 ℃.
Finally obtaining the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring with the inner diameter of 6mm; the weight portions of the components are as follows: 76 parts of Zn, 12 parts of Al and 4 parts of soldering flux.
Example 3
Substantially the same as in example 1, the only difference is that:
in the first step, the mass ratio of the brazing flux to the adhesive is 1:8;
in the second step), the inner diameter of the pure Zn pipe is 8mm, the wall thickness is 1.2mm, the depth of the external thread is 1/4 of the wall thickness of the pipe, and the thread pitch is 1.2mm;
the speed in the step three) is 17mm/s;
the speed in the fourth step is 8mm/s;
the temperature in step five) was 70 ℃.
Finally obtaining the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring with the inner diameter of 8mm; the weight portions of the components are as follows: 78 parts of Zn, 13 parts of Al and 6 parts of soldering flux.
Example 4
Substantially the same as in example 1, the only difference is that:
in the first step, the mass ratio of the brazing flux to the adhesive is 1:6;
in the second step), the inner diameter of the pure Zn pipe is 9mm, the wall thickness is 1.5mm, the depth of the external thread is 1/3 of the wall thickness of the pipe, and the thread pitch is 0.8mm;
the speed in the step three) is 16mm/s;
the speed in the fourth step is 6mm/s;
the temperature in step five) was 75 ℃.
Finally obtaining the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring with the inner diameter of 9mm; the weight portions of the components are as follows: 80 parts of Zn, 14 parts of Al and 8 parts of soldering flux.
Example 5
Substantially the same as in example 1, the only difference is that:
in the first step, the mass ratio of the brazing flux to the adhesive is 1:5;
in the second step), the inner diameter of the pure Zn pipe is 10mm, the wall thickness is 2.0mm, the depth of the external thread is 1/4 of the wall thickness of the pipe, and the thread pitch is 1.0mm;
the speed in the step three) is 15mm/s;
the speed in the fourth step is 5mm/s;
the temperature in step five) was 80 ℃.
Finally obtaining the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring with the inner diameter of 10mm; the weight portions of the components are as follows: 85 parts of Zn, 15 parts of Al and 10 parts of soldering flux.
Fig. 3 provides a final display of the zinc-aluminum skin braze ring prepared in this example.
Comparative example
The flux-cored zinc-aluminum solder is prepared by a conventional method of common commercial products;
the zinc-aluminum brazing filler metal is prepared by mixing 20kg according to the proportion, and the mass ratio of each component is the same as that of the example 5 (Zn: al: brazing flux=85:15:10); smelting and extruding to obtain filaments with the diameter of 12mm, rolling and drawing to obtain filaments;
because the brazing filler metal has poor plasticity and serious work hardening, when the brazing filler metal wire is drawn to ∅ 1.0.0 mm, the brazing filler metal wire is seriously brittle, 8.5kg remains, 6.8kg remains when the brazing filler metal wire is continuously drawn to ∅ 0.8.8 mm, then the coiled wire is cut off, and a brazing filler metal ring with the inner diameter of 10mm is manufactured, and the finally obtained brazing filler metal ring is only 3.5kg.
FIG. 4 shows the effect of two examples of brittle failure and cracking that occur during this process.
The process requires a plurality of working procedures such as smelting, extrusion, rolling, multi-pass drawing, ring making, ring cutting and the like, and the time is about 10 hours.
The results of comparing the method time and yield of example 5 with those of comparative example are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Yield/% | Time/h required for processing 20Kg raw material into finished product | |
| Example 5 | 97.5 | 4 |
| Comparative example | 17.5 | 10 |
Test examples
The zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring prepared in the example 5 and the zinc-aluminum flux-cored brazing filler metal ring prepared in the comparative example are respectively subjected to induction brazing on 50 copper-aluminum tubes used in refrigeration industry; and the following quality tests are carried out on the pipe fitting finished product after brazing:
(1) Pressing water pressure into the copper-aluminum pipe fitting, and measuring the air tightness of the pipe fitting;
(2) Sawing and grinding the pipe fitting, and observing and comparing the joint filling rate (namely the actual joint filling length/the theoretical joint filling length);
(3) And (3) manufacturing the copper aluminum pipe into a standard part, testing joint strength on a universal tensile testing machine, and comparing the welding quality stability of the two solders.
The results of the above three tests are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Average leakage rate/% | Joint filling rate/% | Average tensile strength of joint/MPa | |
| Example 5 | No leakage | 92 | 95 |
| Comparative example | 6% | 78 | 83.5 |
FIG. 5 shows a physical appearance diagram of a welded and dried copper-aluminum pipe; wherein, FIG. 5 (a) is a brazing of comparative example, and FIG. 5 (b) is a brazing of example 5.
FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional microscopic morphology of a welded, sawed copper-aluminum tube; wherein, the upper graph is obtained by brazing in example 5, and the lower graph is obtained by brazing in comparative example. The phenomena of blowholes and inclusions are clearly observed in the lower diagram of fig. 6.
As can be seen from table 2 and fig. 6, the zinc-aluminum skin solder ring (example 5) has a low solder joint leakage rate, a high caulking rate, a higher joint strength, and a good solder quality stability, as compared with the zinc-aluminum core solder ring (comparative example). The brazing flux in the flux coating brazing filler metal ring is compounded on the surface, so that the quality of the brazing filler metal can be detected visually, the brazing filler metal without brazing flux is prevented from being abused for welding, and the reject ratio is reduced. And the flux for coating brazing filler metal has strong activity, good caulking performance and less air holes and inclusions in the brazing seam, and can improve the pipeline welding quality to a certain extent.
While the invention has been illustrated and described with reference to specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical aspects of the invention and not restrictive thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the technical features thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring is characterized by comprising a three-layer annular structure of an inner layer, a core layer and an outer layer from inside to outside; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the inner layer is pure zinc;
the core layer is zinc-aluminum alloy, and the molecular formula of the zinc-aluminum alloy is Zn 80 Al 20 ；
The outer layer comprises a brazing flux and a binder, wherein the brazing flux consists of rubidium fluoride and aluminum fluoride, and the mass ratio of the rubidium fluoride to the aluminum fluoride is (45-50): (55-50);
the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-85 parts of Zn, 10-15 parts of Al and 3-10 parts of soldering flux; the mass ratio of the binder to the brazing flux is 5-10: 1, a step of;
the pure zinc of the inner layer is alloyed with the liquid zinc-aluminum alloy of the core layer in the preparation process.
2. The zinc-aluminum skin braze ring of claim 1, wherein the zinc-aluminum skin braze ring consists essentially of, in parts by weight:
76-84 parts of Zn, 12-14 parts of Al and 4-8 parts of soldering flux.
3. The zinc-aluminum sheath solder ring of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of rubidium fluoride to aluminum fluoride is 48.4:51.6.
4. the zinc aluminum sheath braze ring of claim 1, wherein the braze agent is a high temperature eutectic composition of the rubidium fluoride and the aluminum fluoride.
5. The zinc-aluminum skin braze ring of claim 1, wherein the binder consists essentially of ethanol and hydroabietyl alcohol;
the mass ratio of the ethanol to the hydrogenated rosin alcohol is 1-3: 1.
6. the method for preparing the zinc-aluminum coating brazing filler metal ring according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Fully mixing the brazing flux with the binder to obtain brazing flux paste;
(2) Processing threads on the outer surface of the zinc tube after pretreatment, and then coating the brazing flux paste;
(3) Immersing the zinc tube in the step (2) in sequence, passing through a solution tank and a soldering flux paste tank of zinc-aluminum alloy, drying and cutting to obtain the zinc-aluminum coating solder ring.
7. The method for producing a zinc-aluminum skin brazing filler metal ring according to claim 6, wherein in the step (2), the depth of the thread is 1/4 to 1/3 of the wall thickness of the zinc tube; the pitch of the threads is 0.8 mm-1.2 mm.
8. The method for producing a zinc-aluminum skin brazing filler metal ring according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the speed of the zinc tube is 15mm/s to 20mm/s when passing through the solution tank of the zinc-aluminum alloy;
when passing through the brazing flux paste groove, the speed of the zinc pipe is 5 mm/s-10 mm/s.
9. The method of preparing a zinc-aluminum skin braze ring according to claim 6, wherein in step (3), the drying is performed by hot air;
the temperature of the hot air is 50-80 ℃.
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