CN102865080A - Induced fracture engineering arrangement and non-blasting mining process for high-geostress hard rock - Google Patents
Induced fracture engineering arrangement and non-blasting mining process for high-geostress hard rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN102865080A CN102865080A CN2012103774772A CN201210377477A CN102865080A CN 102865080 A CN102865080 A CN 102865080A CN 2012103774772 A CN2012103774772 A CN 2012103774772A CN 201210377477 A CN201210377477 A CN 201210377477A CN 102865080 A CN102865080 A CN 102865080A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an induced fracture engineering arrangement and non-blasting mining process for high-geostress hard rock. An induction roadway which is 3 meters high and 4 meters wide is excavated in a mine layer to be exploited by using blasting or relevant machinery (such as a heading machine), the excavation of the roadway causes the adjustment of geostress to prompt ores to fracture, local ores can avalanche spontaneously in a short period after the induction roadway is excavated, and other ores which do not avalanche can be mined in a mechanical mode, accordingly, the production capability is improved. During the continuous operation after the induced fracture of mine rock, the roof support for workers and devices to pass through should be strengthened, an anchor net supporting mode is selected, and relevant devices of a heading machine and the like are used for non-blasting mining of fractured rock, ventilation during non-blasting mining should be enhanced, and measures of drawing type local fans and the like are used for performing local ventilation and dust removing. The induced fracture engineering arrangement and non-blasting mining process for high-geostress hard rock is high in mechanical degree, low in labor intensity, high in production efficiency and large in production capability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mining technology, particularly relate to a kind of high-ground stress mine induced fracture, non-explosion continuous mining technology.The method mainly is applicable to high buried depth ore body, and orebody trend is long, ore body is more regular, more than the rock moderately stable of ore deposit, the exploitation of level～gentle dip～Medium Thickness And Medium Slope Angle ore body.
Background technology
Increasing mine enters the deep mining stage, high buried depth just means high-ground stress, show the phenomenons such as " cutting a hole well explosive ", " crackedization of rock mass after the excavation off-load ", " rock autoclasis after the microvariations " in the heavily stressed hard rock digging process, and bring out easily rock burst, the subregion disaster such as break, safe and efficient production has been brought inconvenience.Succeeding in developing of coal-winning machine brought up colliery " the comprehensive method of adopting of underground coal mine exploitation ", emerges a large amount of ten million ton of mine; Succeeding in developing of opencut main equipment realized large-scale and ultra-large type opencut " interruption-continuous mining technology " theory, significantly promoted the production capacity of surface mine; The metal mine underground mining almost all adopts the blasting method back production, and narrow and small underground roadway is not suitable for main equipment and uses, and production capacity is limited.Therefore, take full advantage of the high energy storage induced fracture ore of heavily stressed hard rock, realize that non-explosion high-efficiency mining is core of innovation of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering that a kind of mechanization degree is high, labour intensity is low, production efficiency is high, production capacity is large and arranges and non-explosion process for stoping.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering provided by the invention arranges and non-explosion process for stoping that its process conditions are as follows:
1, deep high-ground stress mining:
More than the mining degree of depth 600m, the slanting angle of ore body is not limit; Orebody thickness 15m induces the tunnel across pitch to arrange with interior ore body, when surpassing 15m, induces the tunnel capwise to arrange, more than rock equal moderately stable in ore deposit reaches;
2, induce the tunnel to be laid in the ore bed arteries and veins:
Depending on upper and lower armor rock degree of stability, to induce the tunnel to be laid in the more firm ore body of country rock one side, induce tunnel size height * wide=3m * 4m, if the mining device size is larger after next step fracturing, suitably increase the size of inducing the tunnel, it is square or trapezoidal inducing the tunnel form, is conducive to geostatic stress and concentrates, act on and induce ore bed around the tunnel, induced fracture ore;
3, ore back production behind the induced fracture:
The induced fracture degree depends on that ore body developmental joint fissure degree, stress of primary rock size and stress concentrates level, if scraper relevant device ore removal is directly used in the avalanche of ore large tracts of land fracturing; If the fracturing effect is only limited to the ore body propagation of internal cracks, without extensive avalanche phenomenon, exploit continuously with the non-explosion of development machine relevant device, be connected ore removal and mining device, can realize the continuous stoping truly in similar colliery;
4, carry out personnel and equipment by the roof timbering work in zone: adopting bolting with wire mesh is main support pattern, guarantee the steady of roof in non-explosion exploitation process, inducing back to utilize the split anchor pole, construction parameter is 2 * 2m, and suspension steel mesh reinforcement, grid is 100mm * 100mm, and every wire lath size is 1000mm * 2000mm;
5, aeration technology in the exploitation process: good for guaranteeing operating environment, adopt pull-out type portable blower and the dedusting of artificial water curtain dual mode, to induce the pull-out type portable blower is set on the wall, portable blower in time extends to the scope of operation; Choose larger intensive fountain head and make intensive fountain head by oneself, activity duration water spray dedusting.
Adopt the high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering of technique scheme to arrange and non-explosion process for stoping, be applicable to deeps mines, it is the above mine of mining depth 600m, after entering deep mining, the vertical stress of primary rock that gravity causes add tectonic stress usually surpass the compressive strength of engineering rock mass (＞20MPa) since the caused stress of engineering excavation concentrate level then especially much larger than the intensity of engineering rock mass (＞40MPa).At this moment, ore is in high energy storage state, utilize himself high energy storage fracturing, high * wide=3m * 4m of application explosion or associated mechanical (such as development machine) excavation induces the tunnel in layer to be opened a mine, induce the excavation in tunnel to cause that the geostatic stress adjustment can impel ore to break, induce behind the roadway excavation in the short time, local ore can spontaneous avalanche, other not the ore of avalanche can use the mechanical system back production, production capacity is improved.Behind the rock induced fracture of ore deposit, continue operation, strengthen personnel and equipment by the roof timbering in area, choose the bolting with wire mesh mode, and carry out the non-explosion back production of ore after the fracturing with relevant devices such as development machines, ventilation when noting strengthening non-explosion back production relates to the pull-out type portable blower and carries out the measures such as local ventilation dedusting in the patent.
Its beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. mechanization degree is high, labour intensity is low
Can adopt the trackless equipment exploitation behind the ore induced fracture, be equipped with the advanced winning equipments such as dump truck, rock bolting jumbo in scraper and the hole, not only mechanization degree is high, and has saved the labour, reduce workman's labour intensity, strengthened the safety of mining work efficiency and operation.
2. production efficiency is high, production capacity is large
Single mineral building production capacity is 515t/d during the blasting method exploitation; And ore extraction behind the induced fracture, single mineral building two classes every day, general 6 hours of per tour effective production time, then machine instruction statement mining mineral building production capacity is about 867t/d, and production capacity has improved 352t/d, has improved about 68%.
In sum, the present invention is that the high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering that a kind of mechanization degree is high, labour intensity is low, production efficiency is high, production capacity is large is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention induces tunnel fracturing schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is for inducing tunnel laying and non-popping to adopt schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is to cut-away view along III-III among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is to cut-away view along II-II among Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is for inducing lane, tunnel profile.
Fig. 6 is that bolting with wire mesh is schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is pull-out type portable blower scheme of installation.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, among the figure: the 1-crossdrift, 2-induces the tunnel, 3-the first machine pick tunnel, 4-the second machine pick tunnel, the 5-development machine is prepared the space, 6-pull-out type portable blower and air duct, the upper armor rock of 7-, 8-ore bed, 9-lower wall country rock, the 10-induced fracture, 11-exploits disturbance, 12-stress is concentrated, 13-steel mesh reinforcement, 14-split anchor pole, high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering provided by the invention arranges and non-explosion process for stoping that its process conditions are as follows:
1, deep high-ground stress mining:
More than the mining degree of depth 600m; The slanting angle of ore body is not limit; Orebody thickness 15m induces the tunnel across pitch to arrange with interior ore body, when surpassing 15m, induces the tunnel capwise to arrange, more than rock equal moderately stable in ore deposit reaches;
2, induce the tunnel to be laid in the ore bed arteries and veins:
Depending on upper and lower armor rock degree of stability, to induce the tunnel to be laid in the more firm ore body of country rock one side, induce tunnel size height * wide=3m * 4m, if the mining device size is larger after next step fracturing, suitably increase the size of inducing the tunnel, it is square or trapezoidal inducing the tunnel form, is conducive to geostatic stress and concentrates, act on and induce ore bed around the tunnel, induced fracture ore;
3, ore back production behind the induced fracture:
The induced fracture degree depends on that ore body developmental joint fissure degree, stress of primary rock size and stress concentrates level, if scraper relevant device ore removal is directly used in the avalanche of ore large tracts of land fracturing; If the fracturing effect is only limited to the ore body propagation of internal cracks, without extensive avalanche phenomenon, exploit continuously with the non-explosion of development machine relevant device, be connected ore removal and mining device, can realize the continuous stoping truly in similar colliery;
4, carry out personnel and equipment by the roof timbering work in zone: adopting bolting with wire mesh is main support pattern, guarantee the steady of roof in non-explosion exploitation process, inducing back to utilize the split anchor pole, construction parameter is 2 * 2m, and suspension steel mesh reinforcement, grid is 100mm * 100mm, and every wire lath size is 1000mm * 2000mm.
5, aeration technology in the exploitation process: good for guaranteeing operating environment, adopt pull-out type portable blower and the dedusting of artificial water curtain dual mode, to induce the pull-out type portable blower is set on the wall, portable blower in time extends to the scope of operation; Choose larger intensive fountain head and make intensive fountain head by oneself, activity duration water spray dedusting.
Embodiment 1: Kaiyang phosphate rocks high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering is arranged and technology.
Ore deposit, road level ground limit of mining is the part of the foreign-water anticline east wing, and south gets E 14+40 exploration line, long 2880m is moved towards to the F210 tomography in north; Ore body Average True thickness 6.5m, 33 ° of mean obliquities, unit weight is 2.78t/m
3Tendency is 100 °～125 °, and ore bed is more stable at the thickness of walking to make progress; Grade of ore average out to 34.03%; Ore bed and roof and floor country rock boundary line are clear, and top board is dolomite, and firm, the ore bed immediate bottom is quartz sandstone or red shale, moderately stable.
Specific embodiments
1. because 33 ° at the slanting angle of ore body and upper dish dolomite are firm, thus the trapezoidal tunnel of inducing selected, the upper dish of the ore bed of laying, the concrete size in tunnel is as shown in Figure 1.Induce in the ore bed arteries and veins of tunnel layout.
2. after excavation is induced tunnel fracturing ore, use development machine to carry out constantly with the ore of scraper cleaning extraction, directly being transported to drop shaft or truck transport to drop shaft along inducing tunnel ore back production in the exploitation process.
3. adopt bolting with wire mesh, anchor pole is selected the split anchor pole, spacing * array pitch=0.9m * 1.5m, and hang steel mesh reinforcement, and grid is 100mm * 100mm, every wire lath size is 1000mm * 2000mm.
4. install the pull-out type portable blower and carry out local ventilation, guarantee that the operating environment of the non-quick-fried exploitated ore of machinery is good, avoid dust to cross operating personnel's harm; And with fountain head water spray dedusting within the activity duration.
This induced fracture, non-quick-fried mining methods increase substantially mine capacity, single mineral building two classes every day, and general 6 hours of per tour effective production time, then machine instruction statement mining mineral building production capacity is about 867t/d, has improved about 70% than explosion back production mode.
Claims (5)
1. a high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping, it is characterized in that:
(1), deep high-ground stress mining:
More than the mining degree of depth 600m, the slanting angle of ore body is not limit; Orebody thickness 15m induces the tunnel across pitch to arrange with interior ore body, when surpassing 15m, induces the tunnel capwise to arrange, the ore deposit rock be moderately stable and more than;
(2), induce the tunnel to be laid in the ore bed arteries and veins:
Depending on upper and lower armor rock degree of stability, will induce the tunnel to be laid in the more firm ore bed of country rock one side, induced fracture ore;
(3), ore back production behind the induced fracture:
The induced fracture degree depends on that ore body developmental joint fissure degree, stress of primary rock size and stress concentrates level, if scraper relevant device ore removal is directly used in the avalanche of fracturing ore large tracts of land; If the fracturing effect is only limited to the ore body propagation of internal cracks, without extensive avalanche phenomenon, with the non-explosion continuous stoping of development machine relevant device ore, be connected back production and ore removal equipment, realize the continuous stoping truly in similar colliery;
(4), carry out personnel and equipment by the roof timbering work in zone;
(5), strengthen dust removal by ventilation in the exploitation process.
2. high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering according to claim 1 is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping, it is characterized in that: the described tunnel of inducing is of a size of: height * wide=3m * 4m, if the mining device size is larger after next step fracturing, suitably increase the size of inducing the tunnel.
3. high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering according to claim 1 is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping, and it is characterized in that: the described tunnel form of inducing is square or trapezoidal, is conducive to geostatic stress and concentrates, and acts on and induces ore bed around the tunnel.
4. high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering according to claim 1 and 2 is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping, it is characterized in that: the personnel that carry out described in the above-mentioned steps (4) and equipment are by the roof timbering work in zone, namely utilize the split anchor pole at the described back of inducing, construction parameter is 2 * 2m, and suspension steel mesh reinforcement, grid is 100mm * 100mm, and every wire lath size is 1000mm * 2000mm.
5. high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering according to claim 1 and 2 is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping, it is characterized in that: strengthen dust removal by ventilation in the exploitation process described in the above-mentioned steps (4), namely adopt and set up pull-out type portable blower and the dust removal by ventilation of water spray dual mode, described pull-out type portable blower and artificial water curtain dedusting, namely inducing wall that the pull-out type portable blower is set, the portable blower air duct in time extends to the scope of operation; Make intensive fountain head by oneself, activity duration water spray dedusting.
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| CN103791789A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-05-14 | 河海大学 | Blasting construction method based on certain angle formed between boreholes and joints |
| CN104314574A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-28 | 福州市规划设计研究院 | Hard rock tunnel non-blasting digging blocking method and construction method |
| CN109026005A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西华源矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of comprehensive mechanization falls mine stripping method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104314574A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-28 | 福州市规划设计研究院 | Hard rock tunnel non-blasting digging blocking method and construction method |
| CN109026005A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西华源矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of comprehensive mechanization falls mine stripping method |
| CN109026005B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-12-17 | 陕西华源矿业有限责任公司 | Comprehensive mechanized ore-breaking layered caving mining method |
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Application publication date: 20130109 |