CN102865080A - Induced fracture engineering arrangement and non-blasting mining process for high-geostress hard rock - Google Patents
Induced fracture engineering arrangement and non-blasting mining process for high-geostress hard rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN102865080A CN102865080A CN2012103774772A CN201210377477A CN102865080A CN 102865080 A CN102865080 A CN 102865080A CN 2012103774772 A CN2012103774772 A CN 2012103774772A CN 201210377477 A CN201210377477 A CN 201210377477A CN 102865080 A CN102865080 A CN 102865080A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高地应力硬岩诱导致裂工程布置及非爆破回采工艺，在待开矿层中应用爆破或相关机械（如掘进机）开挖一条高×宽=3m×4m诱导巷道，诱导巷道的开挖引起地应力调整能促使矿石破裂，诱导巷道开挖后短时间内，局部矿石会自发崩落，其他未崩落的矿石可用机械方式回采，生产能力得到提高。在矿岩诱导致裂后继续作业，要加强人员和设备通过地区的顶板支护，选取锚网支护方式，并用掘进机等相关设备进行致裂后矿石的非爆破回采，注意加强非爆破回采时的通风，专利中涉及抽出式局扇进行局部通风除尘等措施。本发明是一种机械化程度高、劳动强度低、生产效率高、生产能力大的高地应力硬岩诱导致裂工程布置及非爆破回采工艺。
The invention discloses a high ground stress hard rock induced cracking engineering layout and non-explosive mining technology, which uses blasting or related machinery (such as a roadheader) to excavate an induced roadway with a height × width = 3m × 4m in the layer to be mined, and induces The adjustment of the ground stress caused by the excavation of the roadway can promote the ore to break, and within a short time after the excavation of the induced roadway, some ore will spontaneously collapse, and other ores that have not collapsed can be recovered by mechanical means, and the production capacity is improved. To continue the operation after the ore is induced to crack, it is necessary to strengthen the roof support of the area where personnel and equipment pass through, select the anchor net support mode, and use roadheaders and other related equipment to carry out non-blasting mining of the ore after cracking, and pay attention to strengthening non-blasting mining ventilation, the patent involves measures such as extracting local fans for local ventilation and dust removal. The present invention is a high ground stress hard rock induced crack engineering layout and non-explosive mining process with high degree of mechanization, low labor intensity, high production efficiency and large production capacity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mining technology, particularly relate to a kind of high-ground stress mine induced fracture, non-explosion continuous mining technology.The method mainly is applicable to high buried depth ore body, and orebody trend is long, ore body is more regular, more than the rock moderately stable of ore deposit, the exploitation of level～gentle dip～Medium Thickness And Medium Slope Angle ore body.
Background technology
Increasing mine enters the deep mining stage, high buried depth just means high-ground stress, show the phenomenons such as " cutting a hole well explosive ", " crackedization of rock mass after the excavation off-load ", " rock autoclasis after the microvariations " in the heavily stressed hard rock digging process, and bring out easily rock burst, the subregion disaster such as break, safe and efficient production has been brought inconvenience.Succeeding in developing of coal-winning machine brought up colliery " the comprehensive method of adopting of underground coal mine exploitation ", emerges a large amount of ten million ton of mine; Succeeding in developing of opencut main equipment realized large-scale and ultra-large type opencut " interruption-continuous mining technology " theory, significantly promoted the production capacity of surface mine; The metal mine underground mining almost all adopts the blasting method back production, and narrow and small underground roadway is not suitable for main equipment and uses, and production capacity is limited.Therefore, take full advantage of the high energy storage induced fracture ore of heavily stressed hard rock, realize that non-explosion high-efficiency mining is core of innovation of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering that a kind of mechanization degree is high, labour intensity is low, production efficiency is high, production capacity is large and arranges and non-explosion process for stoping.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering provided by the invention arranges and non-explosion process for stoping that its process conditions are as follows:
1, deep high-ground stress mining:
More than the mining degree of depth 600m, the slanting angle of ore body is not limit; Orebody thickness 15m induces the tunnel across pitch to arrange with interior ore body, when surpassing 15m, induces the tunnel capwise to arrange, more than rock equal moderately stable in ore deposit reaches;
2, induce the tunnel to be laid in the ore bed arteries and veins:
Depending on upper and lower armor rock degree of stability, to induce the tunnel to be laid in the more firm ore body of country rock one side, induce tunnel size height * wide=3m * 4m, if the mining device size is larger after next step fracturing, suitably increase the size of inducing the tunnel, it is square or trapezoidal inducing the tunnel form, is conducive to geostatic stress and concentrates, act on and induce ore bed around the tunnel, induced fracture ore;
3, ore back production behind the induced fracture:
The induced fracture degree depends on that ore body developmental joint fissure degree, stress of primary rock size and stress concentrates level, if scraper relevant device ore removal is directly used in the avalanche of ore large tracts of land fracturing; If the fracturing effect is only limited to the ore body propagation of internal cracks, without extensive avalanche phenomenon, exploit continuously with the non-explosion of development machine relevant device, be connected ore removal and mining device, can realize the continuous stoping truly in similar colliery;
4, carry out personnel and equipment by the roof timbering work in zone: adopting bolting with wire mesh is main support pattern, guarantee the steady of roof in non-explosion exploitation process, inducing back to utilize the split anchor pole, construction parameter is 2 * 2m, and suspension steel mesh reinforcement, grid is 100mm * 100mm, and every wire lath size is 1000mm * 2000mm;
5, aeration technology in the exploitation process: good for guaranteeing operating environment, adopt pull-out type portable blower and the dedusting of artificial water curtain dual mode, to induce the pull-out type portable blower is set on the wall, portable blower in time extends to the scope of operation; Choose larger intensive fountain head and make intensive fountain head by oneself, activity duration water spray dedusting.
Adopt the high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering of technique scheme to arrange and non-explosion process for stoping, be applicable to deeps mines, it is the above mine of mining depth 600m, after entering deep mining, the vertical stress of primary rock that gravity causes add tectonic stress usually surpass the compressive strength of engineering rock mass (＞20MPa) since the caused stress of engineering excavation concentrate level then especially much larger than the intensity of engineering rock mass (＞40MPa).At this moment, ore is in high energy storage state, utilize himself high energy storage fracturing, high * wide=3m * 4m of application explosion or associated mechanical (such as development machine) excavation induces the tunnel in layer to be opened a mine, induce the excavation in tunnel to cause that the geostatic stress adjustment can impel ore to break, induce behind the roadway excavation in the short time, local ore can spontaneous avalanche, other not the ore of avalanche can use the mechanical system back production, production capacity is improved.Behind the rock induced fracture of ore deposit, continue operation, strengthen personnel and equipment by the roof timbering in area, choose the bolting with wire mesh mode, and carry out the non-explosion back production of ore after the fracturing with relevant devices such as development machines, ventilation when noting strengthening non-explosion back production relates to the pull-out type portable blower and carries out the measures such as local ventilation dedusting in the patent.
Its beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. mechanization degree is high, labour intensity is low
Can adopt the trackless equipment exploitation behind the ore induced fracture, be equipped with the advanced winning equipments such as dump truck, rock bolting jumbo in scraper and the hole, not only mechanization degree is high, and has saved the labour, reduce workman's labour intensity, strengthened the safety of mining work efficiency and operation.
2. production efficiency is high, production capacity is large
Single mineral building production capacity is 515t/d during the blasting method exploitation; And ore extraction behind the induced fracture, single mineral building two classes every day, general 6 hours of per tour effective production time, then machine instruction statement mining mineral building production capacity is about 867t/d, and production capacity has improved 352t/d, has improved about 68%.
In sum, the present invention is that the high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering that a kind of mechanization degree is high, labour intensity is low, production efficiency is high, production capacity is large is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention induces tunnel fracturing schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is for inducing tunnel laying and non-popping to adopt schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is to cut-away view along III-III among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is to cut-away view along II-II among Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is for inducing lane, tunnel profile.
Fig. 6 is that bolting with wire mesh is schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is pull-out type portable blower scheme of installation.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, among the figure: the 1-crossdrift, 2-induces the tunnel, 3-the first machine pick tunnel, 4-the second machine pick tunnel, the 5-development machine is prepared the space, 6-pull-out type portable blower and air duct, the upper armor rock of 7-, 8-ore bed, 9-lower wall country rock, the 10-induced fracture, 11-exploits disturbance, 12-stress is concentrated, 13-steel mesh reinforcement, 14-split anchor pole, high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering provided by the invention arranges and non-explosion process for stoping that its process conditions are as follows:
1, deep high-ground stress mining:
More than the mining degree of depth 600m; The slanting angle of ore body is not limit; Orebody thickness 15m induces the tunnel across pitch to arrange with interior ore body, when surpassing 15m, induces the tunnel capwise to arrange, more than rock equal moderately stable in ore deposit reaches;
2, induce the tunnel to be laid in the ore bed arteries and veins:
Depending on upper and lower armor rock degree of stability, to induce the tunnel to be laid in the more firm ore body of country rock one side, induce tunnel size height * wide=3m * 4m, if the mining device size is larger after next step fracturing, suitably increase the size of inducing the tunnel, it is square or trapezoidal inducing the tunnel form, is conducive to geostatic stress and concentrates, act on and induce ore bed around the tunnel, induced fracture ore;
3, ore back production behind the induced fracture:
The induced fracture degree depends on that ore body developmental joint fissure degree, stress of primary rock size and stress concentrates level, if scraper relevant device ore removal is directly used in the avalanche of ore large tracts of land fracturing; If the fracturing effect is only limited to the ore body propagation of internal cracks, without extensive avalanche phenomenon, exploit continuously with the non-explosion of development machine relevant device, be connected ore removal and mining device, can realize the continuous stoping truly in similar colliery;
4, carry out personnel and equipment by the roof timbering work in zone: adopting bolting with wire mesh is main support pattern, guarantee the steady of roof in non-explosion exploitation process, inducing back to utilize the split anchor pole, construction parameter is 2 * 2m, and suspension steel mesh reinforcement, grid is 100mm * 100mm, and every wire lath size is 1000mm * 2000mm.
5, aeration technology in the exploitation process: good for guaranteeing operating environment, adopt pull-out type portable blower and the dedusting of artificial water curtain dual mode, to induce the pull-out type portable blower is set on the wall, portable blower in time extends to the scope of operation; Choose larger intensive fountain head and make intensive fountain head by oneself, activity duration water spray dedusting.
Embodiment 1: Kaiyang phosphate rocks high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering is arranged and technology.
Ore deposit, road level ground limit of mining is the part of the foreign-water anticline east wing, and south gets E 14+40 exploration line, long 2880m is moved towards to the F210 tomography in north; Ore body Average True thickness 6.5m, 33 ° of mean obliquities, unit weight is 2.78t/m
3Tendency is 100 °～125 °, and ore bed is more stable at the thickness of walking to make progress; Grade of ore average out to 34.03%; Ore bed and roof and floor country rock boundary line are clear, and top board is dolomite, and firm, the ore bed immediate bottom is quartz sandstone or red shale, moderately stable.
Specific embodiments
1. because 33 ° at the slanting angle of ore body and upper dish dolomite are firm, thus the trapezoidal tunnel of inducing selected, the upper dish of the ore bed of laying, the concrete size in tunnel is as shown in Figure 1.Induce in the ore bed arteries and veins of tunnel layout.
2. after excavation is induced tunnel fracturing ore, use development machine to carry out constantly with the ore of scraper cleaning extraction, directly being transported to drop shaft or truck transport to drop shaft along inducing tunnel ore back production in the exploitation process.
3. adopt bolting with wire mesh, anchor pole is selected the split anchor pole, spacing * array pitch=0.9m * 1.5m, and hang steel mesh reinforcement, and grid is 100mm * 100mm, every wire lath size is 1000mm * 2000mm.
4. install the pull-out type portable blower and carry out local ventilation, guarantee that the operating environment of the non-quick-fried exploitated ore of machinery is good, avoid dust to cross operating personnel's harm; And with fountain head water spray dedusting within the activity duration.
This induced fracture, non-quick-fried mining methods increase substantially mine capacity, single mineral building two classes every day, and general 6 hours of per tour effective production time, then machine instruction statement mining mineral building production capacity is about 867t/d, has improved about 70% than explosion back production mode.
Claims (5)
1. a high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping, it is characterized in that:
(1), deep high-ground stress mining:
More than the mining degree of depth 600m, the slanting angle of ore body is not limit; Orebody thickness 15m induces the tunnel across pitch to arrange with interior ore body, when surpassing 15m, induces the tunnel capwise to arrange, the ore deposit rock be moderately stable and more than;
(2), induce the tunnel to be laid in the ore bed arteries and veins:
Depending on upper and lower armor rock degree of stability, will induce the tunnel to be laid in the more firm ore bed of country rock one side, induced fracture ore;
(3), ore back production behind the induced fracture:
The induced fracture degree depends on that ore body developmental joint fissure degree, stress of primary rock size and stress concentrates level, if scraper relevant device ore removal is directly used in the avalanche of fracturing ore large tracts of land; If the fracturing effect is only limited to the ore body propagation of internal cracks, without extensive avalanche phenomenon, with the non-explosion continuous stoping of development machine relevant device ore, be connected back production and ore removal equipment, realize the continuous stoping truly in similar colliery;
(4), carry out personnel and equipment by the roof timbering work in zone;
(5), strengthen dust removal by ventilation in the exploitation process.
2. high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering according to claim 1 is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping, it is characterized in that: the described tunnel of inducing is of a size of: height * wide=3m * 4m, if the mining device size is larger after next step fracturing, suitably increase the size of inducing the tunnel.
3. high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering according to claim 1 is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping, and it is characterized in that: the described tunnel form of inducing is square or trapezoidal, is conducive to geostatic stress and concentrates, and acts on and induces ore bed around the tunnel.
4. high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering according to claim 1 and 2 is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping, it is characterized in that: the personnel that carry out described in the above-mentioned steps (4) and equipment are by the roof timbering work in zone, namely utilize the split anchor pole at the described back of inducing, construction parameter is 2 * 2m, and suspension steel mesh reinforcement, grid is 100mm * 100mm, and every wire lath size is 1000mm * 2000mm.
5. high-ground stress hard rock induced fracture engineering according to claim 1 and 2 is arranged and non-explosion process for stoping, it is characterized in that: strengthen dust removal by ventilation in the exploitation process described in the above-mentioned steps (4), namely adopt and set up pull-out type portable blower and the dust removal by ventilation of water spray dual mode, described pull-out type portable blower and artificial water curtain dedusting, namely inducing wall that the pull-out type portable blower is set, the portable blower air duct in time extends to the scope of operation; Make intensive fountain head by oneself, activity duration water spray dedusting.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN103791789A (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-05-14 | 河海大学 | Blasting construction method based on certain angle formed between boreholes and joints |
| CN104314574A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-28 | 福州市规划设计研究院 | Hard rock tunnel non-blasting digging blocking method and construction method |
| CN109026005A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西华源矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of comprehensive mechanization falls mine stripping method |
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| CN104314574A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-28 | 福州市规划设计研究院 | Hard rock tunnel non-blasting digging blocking method and construction method |
| CN109026005A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西华源矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of comprehensive mechanization falls mine stripping method |
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Application publication date: 20130109 |