CN102858394B - 注射装置 - Google Patents

注射装置 Download PDF

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CN102858394B
CN102858394B CN201180020766.0A CN201180020766A CN102858394B CN 102858394 B CN102858394 B CN 102858394B CN 201180020766 A CN201180020766 A CN 201180020766A CN 102858394 B CN102858394 B CN 102858394B
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D.L.雷诺尔兹
D.麦克唐纳
Y.特伦布莱
J.特雷帕尼尔
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Simon Williams Pharmaceutical Consulting Co ltd
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Duoject Medical Systems Inc
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    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • A61M5/2466—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic with sealing means to be broken or opened by piercing without internal pressure increase
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    • A61M5/3272—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel with guiding tracks for controlled sliding of needle protective sleeve from needle exposing to needle covering position having projections following labyrinth paths
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
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    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
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    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
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    • A61M2005/3289—Accessories for bringing the needle into the body; Automatic needle insertion with rotation of the needle, e.g. to ease penetration
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    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • A61M5/3287—Accessories for bringing the needle into the body; Automatic needle insertion

Abstract

注射装置(10)包括：壳体(12)；在壳体(12)内可滑动的针座(38)；针头(40)，具有远端刺穿尖端(42)和近端刺穿尖端(44)；针座能够从远端刺穿尖端(42)位于壳体内的第一位置移动到远端刺穿尖端(42)延伸到壳体(12)之外的第二位置；弹簧(23)，朝着第一位置偏压针座(38)；和药筒接收构件(48)，安装在壳体(12)内；以及柱塞杆组件(66)，用于对药筒接收构件(48)施加压力，以使药筒(26)和针座(38)从第一位置移动到第二位置，柱塞杆组件(66)和药筒接收构件(48)布置成使得当药筒杆组件被推动时，旋转运动被赋予药筒接收构件(48)，从而防止在注射后接近药筒。

Description

注射装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗装置，更具体地，涉及一种注射装置。
背景技术
注射装置被用于施予药物。有许多已知的注射装置，最普通的是注射器。已知的注射器主要包括圆柱形的管，具有安装在注射端的针头和安装在另一端的柱塞。针头和柱塞的中间是要注射的成分。
注射器常常被预填充，虽然这对于许多药物是令人满意的，但是对于其它一些必须维持在一定温度的药物而言，这是不期望的。该温度条件通常需要冷藏预填充的注射器，以用于贮存的目的。正如将理解的，需要大量的空间来贮存传统的注射器。
传统注射器的另一问题是保护进行注射的人。经常地，药物注射可能对使用注射器的医疗人员造成危险。该问题是众所周知的，并且为了对进行注射的人提供保护，已经提出了许多不同的装置或布置。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种注射装置，该注射装置保护进行注射的人不会遭受意外的刺伤。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种注射装置，该注射装置无需冷藏，可以接受药物小瓶并安全地将药物注入到患者。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种注射装置，该注射装置包括：壳体，孔在壳体的侧壁中；针座，安装在针座中的针头，该针头具有远端刺穿尖端和近端刺穿尖端，该针座可滑动地安装在壳体内，该针座能够从远端刺穿尖端位于壳体内的第一位置移动到远端刺穿尖端延伸到壳体之外的第二位置；朝着第一位置偏压针座的弹簧；安装在壳体内的药筒接收构件，该药筒接收构件能够通过壳体的侧壁中的孔接近；以及柱塞杆组件，该柱塞杆组件用于对药筒接收构件施加压力以使药筒和针座从第一位置移动到第二位置，柱塞杆组件和药筒接收构件具有协作装置，使得当柱塞杆组件被推动以使药筒柱塞被近端刺穿尖端刺穿时，旋转运动被赋予药筒接收构件，从而防止通过壳体的侧壁中的孔接近药筒。
本发明的注射装置典型地用于由有资格的医疗人员向患者施予药物。然而，将理解的是，本发明的范围不限于这种安排。在一些情况中，患者可以利用本发明的装置进行自我注射。此外，该装置可以用于需要注射药物的任何动物。
正如这里使用的，远端指的是进行注射的端部，而近端是距离执行注射的人的手更近的端部。
注射装置可以由任何合适的材料制成，包括玻璃、塑料、金属材料、它们的组合，等等。只要说本领域技术人员将选择最适于制造该装置的材料就够了。
壳体用于容纳本发明的各个部件，并且便利地，可以由模制塑料等形成。壳体还将与其它部件相互作用，以参与机械运动，正如下面将更详细描述的。
针座布置成接收具有远端刺穿尖端和近端刺穿尖端的针头。如本领域已知的，远端刺穿尖端是典型的注射刺穿尖端，并且具有相对较小的直径。
药筒接收构件，在优选实施例中，与针座一体形成，自然能够与之一起移动。
药筒接收构件的特征还在于具有部分地围绕药筒延伸的部分壁。剩余部分是开放的，以通过壳体中的孔接收药筒。然而，在柱塞杆向上移动时，使药筒接收构件旋转，使得壳体中的孔被药筒接收构件的部分壁覆盖。此外，当处于药筒不能被接近的位置时，药筒接收构件不能旋转回到其原始位置。
附图说明
总体上描述了本发明之后，现在参照示出本发明的实施例的附图，附图中：
图1是示出装置和药筒的侧截面图；
图2是示出将药筒放在装置中的侧截面图；
图3是示出装置中的药筒的隔膜被刺穿的侧截面图；
图4是示出药筒在保持器内的初始移动的侧截面图；
图5是示出药筒和针座的进一步移动的侧截面图；
图6是示出柱塞杆的进一步移动的侧截面图；
图7和8是示出移动的进行过程和药筒内容物的注射的侧截面图；
图9是示出针座、药筒和药筒保持器的向后移动的侧截面图；
图10是示出注射后、针头收回之后的装置的侧截面图；
图11是壳体的侧截面图；
图12是针座和药筒保持器的透视图；
图13是针座和药筒保持器的另一透视图；
图14是柱塞杆组件的透视图；
图15是示出柱塞杆和针座的初始接合的透视图；和
图16是示出在注射之后针座和柱塞杆的位置的透视图。
具体实施方式
参照附图，借助附图标记，图1-10示出了本发明的装置(总体上由附图标记10表示)，以及总体上由附图标记26表示的药筒。
装置10具有基本上为圆柱形形状的外壳体12。凸缘14设置在壳体12的近端，而在壳体12的远端设置了盖16。盖16与壳体12的远端螺纹接合。要指出，盖16中存在孔或开口17，以使针头通过。出于下面讨论的原因，槽15形成在邻近凸缘14的区域中。
正如可以从图11中看出的，纵向延伸的肋18形成在壳体12的内表面上。虽然示出肋18在壳体12的大部分长度(substantial length)上延伸，但是许多实施例中需要的仅是上部或远端部。肋18设置有总体上由附图标记20表示的凹陷。肋18还具有成角度的顶壁22。开口19设置在壳体12中以允许药筒的插入，如图1-10所示。
药筒26可以是标准药筒或小瓶，并容纳着待注射至患者的药物。药筒26，如本领域中常规的，具有隔膜28和覆盖隔膜28的盖30。柱塞32在药筒的近端安装在药筒内部，以防止药物34损失。
可移动的针座38安装在壳体12内，并设置了针头40。针头40包括用于注射至患者中的远端刺穿尖端42和布置成用于刺穿药筒26的隔膜28以获取药物34的近端刺穿尖端44。
针座38具有圆柱形的上部46和由从上部46向下悬垂的下面的半圆柱形的壁48限定的药筒接收构件。在半圆柱形壁48的外部，形成有部分地延伸到壁48中的凹陷50。凸起的槽脊部分52位于凹陷50内，以限定第一沟槽54和第二沟槽56。凹陷61通过突出部63形成在第二沟槽56中。在凸起的槽脊部分52的下端，设置了第一成角度的底壁58，该底壁58与侧壁60相交以形成小槽口。在相反侧，设置了第二成角度的底壁62。另一成角度的壁部59靠近针座38的上部设置在针座38上。
总体上由附图标记66表示的柱塞杆组件具有圆柱形的下部68，在该圆柱形的下部68的顶部形成有扩大部70，该扩大部70中形成有槽72，原因将在下面讨论。肋65形成在圆柱形的下部68的外部，用于与槽15接合。
柱塞杆66还包括部分上壁74，该部分上壁74围绕中心推杆76延伸，中心推杆76的尺寸确定为能够安装在小瓶26内，以推动柱塞32。在部分上壁74的上拐角处，设置了具有钩构造的凹陷75。
小瓶26通过壳体12中的开口19插入，正如可以在图1和2中看出的。如果期望，可以布置成使得小瓶26具有在插入时被下刺穿端44刺穿的隔膜28。弹簧23围绕针头40的上部延伸。
初始地，凹陷部75与变尖的端壁62接合。凹陷75的钩状性质确保了两个壁保持接触一段时间，使刺穿端44足以刺穿隔膜28。作用于柱塞杆66上的持续的压力将导致拐角75和71脱离，并向针座38赋予旋转运动。而这将允许肋18进入第一沟槽54。作用于柱塞杆66上的持续的压力将使拐角75与倾斜壁59接触。这导致针座38相对于壳体12进一步旋转。该进一步的旋转将使肋18的上端进入到沟槽56中。这样，压力将会施加直到肋18的顶部进入凹陷61。肋然后处于锁定位置，针座38被弹簧23向后推压。肋18的顶部在凹陷61内的持续接合确保了针头在被锁定在适当位置时不会暴露。

Claims (6)

1.一种注射装置，包括：
壳体(12)，孔(19)在所述壳体的侧壁中；
针座(38)，针头(40)安装在所述针座(38)中，所述针头(40)具有远端刺穿尖端(42)和近端刺穿尖端(44)；所述针座(38)可滑动地安装在所述壳体(12)内，所述针座(38)能够从所述远端刺穿尖端(42)位于所述壳体(12)内的第一位置移动到所述远端刺穿尖端(42)延伸到所述壳体(12)之外的第二位置；
弹簧(23)，朝着所述第一位置偏压所述针座(38)；
药筒接收构件(48)，安装在所述壳体内，所述药筒接收构件(48)能够通过所述壳体(12)的所述侧壁中的所述孔(19)接近；和
柱塞杆组件(66)，用于对所述药筒接收构件(48)施加压力，以使药筒(26)和所述针座(38)从所述第一位置移动到所述第二位置，所述柱塞杆组件(66)和所述药筒接收构件(48)具有协作装置，使得当所述柱塞杆组件被推动以使药筒的隔膜被所述近端刺穿尖端刺穿时，旋转运动被赋予所述药筒接收构件(66)，从而防止通过所述壳体的所述侧壁中的所述孔接近所述药筒。
2.如权利要求1的注射装置，其中，所述药筒接收构件(48)和所述针座(38)是一体的。
3.如权利要求2的注射装置，其中，所述柱塞杆组件(66)具有推杆(76)和部分地围绕所述推杆的壁的部分上壁(74)，所述部分上壁(74)具有比所述推杆(76)大的长度。
4.如权利要求3的注射装置，其中，所述部分上壁(74)具有成角度的拐角(75)，所述药筒接收构件(48)具有药筒接收构件的部分壁，所述药筒接收构件的部分壁具有变尖的拐角(62)，以与所述部分上壁(74)上的所述成角度的拐角(75)接合，从而允许向上推动所述药筒接收构件(48)。
5.如权利要求4的注射装置，其中，所述部分上壁(74)与所述药筒接收构件的部分壁的接触使所述药筒接收构件(48)旋转，并由此使所述药筒接收构件的部分壁阻挡所述壳体中的孔，从而防止所述药筒从所述孔移出。
6.如权利要求5的注射装置，其中，所述壳体在其内表面上具有突出部，所述药筒接收构件具有第一和第二沟槽，所述第二沟槽具有形成在其中的凹陷，用于接合所述壳体的所述内表面上的所述突出部，从而防止所述药筒接收构件的进一步移动。
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