CN102857856A - Field programmable gate array-based (FPGA-based) multilevel sound mixing system - Google Patents
Field programmable gate array-based (FPGA-based) multilevel sound mixing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a field programmable gate array-based (FPGA-based) multilevel sound mixing system, and aims at providing a novel sound mixing system with a simple structure. The FPGA-based multilevel sound mixing system comprises time division multiplexing (TDM) synthesis modules, a multilevel sound mixing control module and TDM decomposition modules. The multilevel sound mixing control module comprises first level processing modules, a second level processing module and a third level processing module. Two of the first level processing modules are connected with the third level processing module through the second processing module, and the rest first level processing module is directly connected with the third level processing module. An FPGA chip is used for realizing the mixing of ultra-large-volume digital audio to be inputted into a digital signal processor (DSP) after being subjected to system pre-stage processing, not only is the sound mixing of the ultra-large-volume audio realized, but also the system redundancy caused by the cascade connection of multiple devices can be avoided, and the cost is saved. The FPGA-based multilevel sound mixing system is applicable to an audio processing system with multiple input channels.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the acoustic processing field, especially relate to a kind of multistage mixer system based on FPGA that possesses a large amount of input channels.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of digital technology, the raising of software and hardware level constantly has high performance DSP and bus at a high speed to be applied, and the audio mixing matrix solution based on digital technology can be achieved.The developing direction of audio mixing matrix system is multi-functional, large capacity, can network and can carry out long-range switching.Generally speaking the capacity that is limited by DSP bandwidth and disposal ability matrix system reaches 16 * 16 and is mass matrix.If need more jumbo matrix system, just must realize by many matrix system cascades.Matrix capacity is larger, and needed cascade is more, higher to hardware resource, and design realizes that difficulty is also larger.As shown in Figure 7, traditional 8*8 matrix device will realize that inputting voice-grade channels for 192 must can realize that just system is huge and complicated by 24 equipment cascadings.
Specialty digitized audio samples frequency is 48KHZ, and maximum 32 bits of each sampled point are therefore the shift clock frequency of a passage equals 1.536MHZ.Adopt the time-division to utilize the TDM technology, 192 input voice-grade channels of maximum system are synthesized together, the shift clock frequency is up to 294.912MHZ, and the bandwidth of existing DSP process chip can't satisfy this requirement.Simultaneously, DSP also can't provide 192 audio input end confession digital audio and video signals inputs.
FPGA is English Field Programmable Gate Array(field programmable gate array) abbreviation, it is the product that further develops on the basis of the programming devices such as PAL, GAL, PLD, is the highest a kind of of integrated level in the application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC).FPGA has adopted logical cell array LCA(Logic Cell Array) such new ideas, inside comprises configurable logic blocks CLB(Configurable Logic Block), output input module IOB(Input Output Block) and three parts of interconnector (Interconnect).The user can reconfigure logic module and the I/O module of FPGA inside, to realize user's logic.But it also has the static state overprogram and dynamically in the characteristic of system reconfiguration, so that the function of hardware can be as software revised by programming.As a kind of semi-custom circuit in application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC) field, FPGA had both solved the deficiency of custom circuit, had overcome again the limited shortcoming of original programming device gate circuit number.
DSP(digital singnal processor) being a kind of microprocessor of uniqueness, the complete instruction system of oneself is arranged, is the device of processing bulk information with digital signal.A digital signal processor includes memory cell of control unit, arithmetic element, various register and some etc. in a little chip, can also connect some memories in its periphery, and can communicate by letter mutually with the external equipment of some, the full functionality that soft and hardware is arranged itself is exactly a microcomputer.
FPGA is hardware fully, and all signal parallels are carried out, design be hardware configuration in fact.DSP hardware is fixed, design be to use logic.FPGA processes faster.
State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China discloses Granted publication and number has been the patent documentation of CN202168213U on 03 14th, 2012, title is Multi-channel audio sound mixing control system, and it is mainly by the multichannel voice frequency input system, Multi-channel audio sound mixing system and multichannel voice frequency output system form, the Multi-channel audio sound mixing system is the matrix form mixer system, the multichannel voice frequency input system is by microphone, audio amplifier circuit device and digital potentiometer form, digital potentiometer links to each other with the CPU of computer by Ethernet interface, the multichannel voice frequency output system is earphone, sound equipment or loud speaker.This scheme still for using the matrix form mixer system, when having more input channel, need to have the equipment cascading of large amount of complex, realizes that difficulty and cost are higher.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly is that the solution prior art is existing by the matrix realization technical problem high than mixer system complex structure, the cost of multiple input path, provide a kind of structure comparatively simple, cascade is few, and cost is low, can support the multistage mixer system based on FPGA of a large amount of input channels.
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical problem is mainly solved by following technical proposals: a kind of multistage mixer system based on FPGA, comprise TDM synthesis module, multistage audio mixing control module and TDM decomposing module, described TDM synthesis module is connected with described multistage audio mixing control module, described multistage audio mixing control module is connected with described TDM decomposing module, and described TDM decomposing module is connected with follow-up audio processing modules.The TDM synthesis module is as the input prime, and the TDM decomposing module is as the output rear class, and multistage audio mixing control module is as the intermediate conveyor controlled stage.
TDM(Time-Division Multiplexing) be exactly time division multiplexing.Time division multiplexing refers to a kind of by the intersection digit pulse in different channels or the time slot, transmits simultaneously the technology of a plurality of digitalized datas, voice and video signal etc. at same communication medium.
As preferably, described multistage audio mixing control module comprises third level processing module and several first order processing modules, first order processing module comprises string and modular converter, routing selecting module and the audio mixing adder Module that connects successively, and third level processing module comprises audio mixing adder Module and parallel serial conversion module.
As preferably, described multistage audio mixing control module also comprises second level processing module, described first order processing module has three, described second level processing module respectively with third level processing module with are connected a first order processing module and are connected, described second level processing module comprises an audio mixing adder Module.The first order processing module that is not connected with the second collection processing module directly connects third level processing module.
Also modular converter is as the input prime by string for the first order processing module of audio mixing control module, and the audio mixing adder Module is as the output rear class, and routing selecting module is as the intermediate conveyor controlled stage.String and modular converter are converted to 16 road parallel digital signals input routing selecting module with the serial 16 railway digital signals of prime TDM synthesis module input, and routing selecting module is made after the Route Selection and parallel digital signal to be inputted the audio mixing adder Module that outputs to rear class behind the audio mixing adder Module audio mixing.
As the input prime, parallel serial conversion module is as the output rear class by the audio mixing adder Module for the third level processing module of audio mixing control module.Parallel serial conversion module is converted to 16 road serial digital signals input rear class with the parallel 16 railway digital signals of audio mixing adder Module input, and audio mixing control module third level processing module is supported at most 2 groups of parallel serial conversion modules.
As preferably, shown in also comprise a frequency multiplier based on the multistage mixer system of FPGA, described TDM synthesis module comprises incorporating into goes here and there out shift register, described incorporating into goes here and there out shift register and is connected with described frequency multiplier, described incorporating into goes here and there out shift register and comprises 8 inputs and 1 output, and described frequency multiplier is the frequency multiplier of 8 frequencys multiplication.The TDM synthesis module forms the input prime of whole system, and each TDM synthesis module can be supported at most the input of 16 railway digitals.
As preferably, described TDM decomposing module comprises SI PO shift register, and described SI PO shift register comprises 1 input and 8 outputs, and described SI PO shift register is connected with described frequency multiplier.FPGA can support at most 2 groups of TDM decomposing module.
This programme carries out audio mixing to the audio frequency of inputting and passes to later on follow-up audio processing modules as the input prime of audio frequency processing system.
It is compound that the digital audio that each audio frequency inputs or outputs module adopts the TDM technology to carry out prime, takies an audio-frequency bus.When digital audio processing system input channel scale reaches 192, when output channel reaches 32, need altogether 12 of input modules (16 passage), 2 of output modules (16 passage), total serial digital audio data line has (12+2) * 8=112 bar, after adopting the digital audio bus technology, only need 14 audio-frequency bus, can enjoy mutually voice data between the audio-frequency module, if adopting resolution element to take all data wires of circuit all exposes on pcb board, be easy to be interfered, now all computings are all finished in FPGA inside, so reliability is improved.
The substantial effect that the present invention brings is to reduce the complexity of pcb board wiring, and solved the reliability of signal transmission between the audio-frequency module.The audio input end confession digital audio and video signals input of a greater number can be provided.Adopt the higher fpga chip of clock frequency ratio dsp processor to realize the mixing of vast capacity digital audio, input DSP had not only realized extensive jumbo audio mixing but also the system redundancy of having avoided the multiple devices cascade to cause after processing as the system prime, saved cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of system block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of first order processing module structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of third level processing module structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of TDM synthesis module schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 a kind of TDM decomposing module schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 a kind of TDM of the present invention synthesizes and the decomposition algorithm design sketch;
Among the figure: 1, TDM synthesis module, 2, first order processing module, 3, second level processing module, 4, third level processing module, 5, TDM decomposing module, 6, frequency multiplier, 11, incorporate into and go here and there out shift register, 21, string and modular converter, 22, routing selecting module, 23, the audio mixing adder Module, 41, the audio mixing adder Module, 42, string and modular converter, 51, SI PO shift register.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment: a kind of multistage mixer system based on FPGA of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, comprises TDM synthesis module 1, multistage audio mixing control module and TDM decomposing module 5.Multistage audio mixing control module 2 comprises first order processing module 2, second level processing module 3 and third level processing module 4.
The present embodiment is designed to support maximum 16*12=192 railway digital inputs, the output of 32 railway digitals.First order processing module 2 has three, and second level processing module 3 and third level processing module 4 respectively have one.Two first order processing modules 2 connect third level processing module 4 by second level processing module 3, and a remaining first order processing module 2 directly connects third level processing module 4.TDM synthesis module 1 has 12, and TDM decomposing module 5 has 2.
The multistage mixer system based on FPGA of the present embodiment also comprises a frequency multiplier 6, as shown in Figure 4, TDM synthesis module 1 comprises incorporating into goes here and there out shift register 11, incorporate into and go here and there out shift register 11 and be connected with frequency multiplier 6, incorporate into and go here and there out shift register 11 and comprise 8 inputs and 1 output, frequency multiplier 6 is the frequency multiplier of 8 frequencys multiplication.As shown in Figure 5, TDM decomposing module 5 comprises SI PO shift register 51, and SI PO shift register 51 comprises 1 input and 8 outputs, and SI PO shift register 51 also is connected with frequency multiplier 6.All TDM synthesis module 1 and all TDM decomposing module 5 all share same frequency multiplier 6.
TDM synthesis module 1 realizes incorporating into the conversion of going here and there out by the mode of shift LD, shift clock is carried out 8 process of frequency multiplication by the serial clock SCLK with the single channel digital signal and is realized in frequency multiplier 6, namely the speed with 8 times of SCLK is mixed into 16 road voice datas (8 data lines) on 1 data lines.
As shown in Figure 2, each first order processing module 2 comprises routing selecting module 22, audio mixing adder Module 23 and four strings and modular converter 21, and string and modular converter 21 connect audio mixing adder Module 23 by routing selecting module 22.Each string and modular converter 21 are connected with a TDM synthesis module 1, and namely each first order processing module 2 is connected with 4 TDM synthesis modules 1.Audio mixing adder Module 23 outputs 32 parallel-by-bit deal with data are to second level processing module 3 or third level processing module 4.
Second level processing module 3 is the audio mixing adder Module, is one tunnel 32 parallel-by-bit data with two-way 32 parallel-by-bit data mixing and outputs to third level processing module 4.
Complex digital signal input first order processing module 2 is rear to resolve into 16 channel parallel data buses by string and conversion first.A first order processing module can be processed the input of 4 groups of TDM synthesis modules 1 simultaneously, namely processes simultaneously the 16*4=64 channel parallel data.In order to reduce system's operand, the Route Selection of matrix is all finished in the first order, and rear class is only as the audio mixing adder; Each first order processing module 2 outputs 32 channel parallel data enters subordinate's audio mixing module after route is selected
As shown in Figure 3, third level processing module 4 comprises an audio mixing adder Module 41 and two parallel serial conversion modules 42.Two 16 channel parallel datas of audio mixing adder Module 41 outputs are to each parallel serial conversion module 42, and each parallel serial conversion module 42 is connected with a TDM decomposing module 5.
All audio mixing adder Module in the present embodiment have identical structure.
String and modular converter 21 also are that the mode by shift LD realizes the conversion that seals in and go out, the clock of its used shift clock and TDM synthesis module 1 shares, also with regard to synchronous original complex digital signal is reduced to 16 channel parallel datas, routing selecting module 22 is comprised of one group of controlled switch, and the selection by switch is mapped input and output.The audio mixing adder Module is finished by the adder unit of standard.
Parallel serial conversion module 42 also is that the mode by shift LD realizes incorporating into the conversion of going here and there out, and its used shift clock also shares with the clock of TDM synthesis module 1, namely synchronously 16 channel parallel datas is integrated into complex digital signal.
The input of 16 railway digitals takies 8 with data wire as shown in Figure 6, and every data lines is transmitted 2 railway digital signals simultaneously, switches 2 circuit-switched data by frame clock LRCK (also claiming WS).What LRCK was transmitting for " 1 " expression is the 1st data, and what then represent to transmit for " 0 " is the 2 tunnel data.The frequency of LRCK equals sample frequency; Serial clock SCLK also is bit clock (BCLK), i.e. each data of corresponding digital audio, and SCLK has 1 pulse.The frequency of SCLK=2 * sample frequency * sampling resolution; Serial data SDATA, the voice data that represents with the complement of two's two's complement exactly.Can be synchronous better between system in order to make, also need to transmit a signal MCLK in addition, be called master clock, also be system clock (Sys Clock), be 256 times or 384 times of sample frequency; The input of 16 railway digitals synthesizes 1 road complex digital signal after TDM composition algorithm resume module, and the constant data of only switching of LRCK frequency this moment become 8 the tunnel.
Specific embodiment described herein only is to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or replenish or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has more used the terms such as TDM decomposition algorithm module, audio mixing control module, audio mixing adder, do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe more easily and explain essence of the present invention; They are construed to any additional restriction all is contrary with spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. multistage mixer system based on FPGA, it is characterized in that, comprise TDM synthesis module, multistage audio mixing control module and TDM decomposing module, described TDM synthesis module is connected with described multistage audio mixing control module, described multistage audio mixing control module is connected with described TDM decomposing module, and described TDM decomposing module is connected with follow-up audio processing modules.
2. the multistage mixer system based on FPGA according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described multistage audio mixing control module comprises third level processing module and several first order processing modules, first order processing module comprises string and modular converter, routing selecting module and the audio mixing adder Module that connects successively, and third level processing module comprises audio mixing adder Module and parallel serial conversion module.
3. the multistage mixer system based on FPGA according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described multistage audio mixing control module also comprises second level processing module, described first order processing module has three, described second level processing module respectively with third level processing module with are connected a first order processing module and are connected, described second level processing module comprises an audio mixing adder Module.
4. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described multistage mixer systems based on FPGA, it is characterized in that, also comprise a frequency multiplier, described TDM synthesis module comprises incorporating into goes here and there out shift register, described incorporating into goes here and there out shift register and is connected with described frequency multiplier, described incorporating into goes here and there out shift register and comprises 8 inputs and 1 output, and described frequency multiplier is the frequency multiplier of 8 frequencys multiplication.
5. the multistage mixer system based on FPGA according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described TDM decomposing module comprises SI PO shift register, described SI PO shift register comprises 1 input and 8 outputs, and described SI PO shift register is connected with described frequency multiplier.
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CN107993668A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-04 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | A kind of method of the multi-path digital sound mixing based on McASP interfaces |
CN108810294A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-13 | 广州市毅航互联通信股份有限公司 | A kind of two-way sound mixing method based on FPGA |
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