CN102853938A - Engine cylinder cover parameter measuring instrument and method based on optical fiber probe - Google Patents
Engine cylinder cover parameter measuring instrument and method based on optical fiber probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN102853938A CN102853938A CN2012103479409A CN201210347940A CN102853938A CN 102853938 A CN102853938 A CN 102853938A CN 2012103479409 A CN2012103479409 A CN 2012103479409A CN 201210347940 A CN201210347940 A CN 201210347940A CN 102853938 A CN102853938 A CN 102853938A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an engine cylinder cover parameter measuring instrument and method based on an optical fiber probe. A U-shaped groove is formed on the fire force surface of a cylinder cover; a plurality of holes are drilled in the side surfaces of the cylinder cover; the holes have two type, one type of holes are extended to a cooling water cavity wall surface from the side of the cylinder cover, and the other type of holes are extended to a cast iron part between the water cavity wall surface and the fire force surface from the side of the cylinder cover; optical fiber grating sensors are paved in the U-shaped groove, the holes and the cooling water cavity wall surface; and the output ends of the optical fiber grating sensors are connected with an optical fiber grating demodulation device. The instrument and the method have the beneficial effect that the device can test the temperature of the cylinder cover, the stress and the pressure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention specifically discloses a kind of engine cylinder cover parameter measurement instrument and method based on optical fiber probe.
Background technology
Engine cylinder cap is as one of vitals of engine, and its intensity and reliability are the pith of engine strength and integrity problem.Cylinder head is mainly by cylinder cover, air intake duct, exhaust duct, several parts such as oil nozzle, rocker arm body form, and are crushed on the flange plane on the cylinder jacket, closely are connected with cylinder body by bolt, Main Function is sealing cylinder, and jointly forms the combustion space of engine with piston top and cylinder inner wall.Engine cylinder cover is at high temperature worked for a long time will cause the reduction of cylinder head material intensity, and the reduction of the strength of materials means that permanent strain appears in cylinder cap long-term work meeting.In addition, because cylinder cap firepower the inside directly contacts with high-temperature fuel gas, its water jacket wall contacts with liquid coolant, it is inhomogeneous that this causes that the cylinder cap bulk temperature distributes, caused the inhomogeneous of cylinder cap distortion, to produce very large thermal stress in cylinder cap inside, cylinder cap easily forms heat fatigue cracking under the repeated action of this thermal stress, causes the operational failure of engine cylinder cover when serious.This shows, the working temperature of cylinder head plate and distribution situation thereof are to weigh the principal element of cylinder cap fire power face rhegma, be to weigh cylinder cap can keep an important parameter of normal reliable work, and also be the important symbol of cylinder cap load of heat.Therefore, the temperature field of the key aspects such as Cooling of Cylinder Head water cavity and fire power face is studied, the reliability of estimating its work by the temperature field of actual measurement is very effective and necessary.
In the present research, mostly sensor is thermopair if adopting.Early be the distribution that Luo new people, the Qiao Huiying of Chongqing heavy-duty car research institute in 1981 utilizes multiple spot and portable thermocouple measurement cylinder cap temperature, measuring object is the first round and two kinds of cylinder head of third round of 12V150Z diesel engine, and it is 1 millimeter nickel chromium triangle-handcuff copper (XK) casing thermocouple that thermopair uses diameter.
The Cai Jun of Wuhan Water Transporting Engineering College in 1986, Lu Ruisong, Qin Yi research diesel engine transient working condition lower cylinder cover the measuring technology of astable thermal load.Measure the temperature history of this machine cylinder head with high temperature resistance foil gauge and the type happy dress thermopair of appearing, and in the maximum zone that changes of material stress generation, measure the strain curve on the most dangerous point.
The Internal Combustion Engine institute Zhu Weizhen of University Of Tianjin, Li Zhihong in 1997 etc. adopt thermopair as cylinder head temperature sensor, have manufactured the engine cylinder cover temperature monitor.
Ji Fenzhu, Du Farong, the Si Donghong of Department of Automobile Engineering of Luoyang Polytechnical College arranged altogether thermopair, tested and analyzing the Engine Under Transient Conditions cylinder head temperature on cylinder cover calendar year 2001.Cylinder cover bottom surface thermopair is selected the film thermocouple of TCS-K type nickel chromium triangle-nisiloy (NiCr-NiSi) two-wire type structure, and the cylinder cover outside surface is selected the ordinary casing armoured thermocouple.Energy and power engineering engineering college of Jiangsu University Pan Jianfeng in 2009, Zhao Jingang, Li Detao etc. are take direct injection 6 cylinder diesels as research object, adopt a kind of thermopair with silver soldering contact, it is directly installed on the tested part surface, has carried out the experimental study in multi-cylinder Diesel Engine Cover temperature field.
The Bian Liyun of Jin Cheng institute of Nanjing Aero-Space University in 2011 is take gasoline engine as research object, designing and making a kind of cylinder cap temperature digital proving installation based on CAN bus and J type thermopair, the cylinder head temperature that is used for water-cooled engine is measured.Take single-chip microcomputer as core, adopt J type thermopair, and be aided with temperature signal amplifying circuit AD594 etc. and realize measurement to the cylinder cap skin temperature.Shandong University has carried out experimental study to the 226B engine cylinder cover in the fourth David, arranged measuring point in cylinder cap fire power face and cooling water cavity wall, adopt respectively hardness plug method and thermocouple method that the temperature of 17 measuring points of fire power face under the declared working condition and lO measuring point of multi-state lower cooling water cavity is measured, and logarithm value result of calculation and test findings contrast.The Zhang Yu of Northcentral University, Pei Dongxing, Zu Jing adopt the K-type nickel chromium-nickel silicon thermocouple take certain cylinder cover for diesel engine and cylinder jacket distribution law of temperature field as research object, have carried out the memory-type test.
From the document of delivering, also there is no the research of using fiber-optic grating sensor to measure the engine cylinder cover temperature abroad.The luxuriant man of Japanese Tanaka utilized foil gauge and thermopair to measure respectively cylinder cover thermal stress and temperature in 1977.Japan Yasuhiro Nozue etc. utilized again paper tinsel formula thermopair and high-temperature strain gauge to carry out similar experiment in 1986 and has analyzed the thermal stress on the cylinder.The H.Zhao of the U.S. in 1991, N.Collings, T.Ma have developed a thermal imaging system that monitors and record the engine cylinder head system surface temperature by infrared emitting.This system comprises infrared scanner, an image processing equipment and is installed in the interior infrared emitting window of piston.The Dennis M.Ward of Univ Wisconsin-Madison USA in 2009 utilizes the fiber-optical grating temperature sensor that embeds piston face that the engine piston temperature is studied, and has introduced the problem that may occur in the installation of sensor and the test.
Every research before is no matter method how, all is that the thermopair that adopts is as sensor measurement cylinder cap temperature field.And thermopair is as the sensor detected temperatures, and speed is slow, and measuring error is large, and Installation and Debugging are complicated, and are not easy to long-distance transmissions.
In patent (CN 200920095635.9), not dissection test instrument of a kind of abrasion of engine cylinder is disclosed, this measuring instrument mainly is comprised of photoeletric measuring system and data processing and display system and main frame, and photoeletric measuring system comprises luminous energy transmitter module, optical fiber transmission module, photoelectric conversion module; Data are processed and display system comprises analog signal conditioner module, analog to digital conversion and calculation process module, data disaply moudle; The luminous energy transmitter module is connected with optical fiber transmission module, and optical fiber transmission module is connected successively with photoelectric conversion module, analog signal conditioner module, analog to digital conversion and calculation process module and data disaply moudle again.The measuring principle of this patent is to adopt the reflective energy method range measurement principle of light intensity, this Patent design a position transducer, this patent need to remove engine separately after machine is out of service, enters in the cylinder by being not less than 6mm spark plug mounting hole or mounting hole of oil sprayer specially.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming that exists for solving prior art the invention provides a kind of engine cylinder cover parameter measuring apparatus and method based on optical fiber probe.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
Based on the engine cylinder cover parameter measurement instrument of optical fiber probe, be provided with U-shaped groove in the fire power face of described cylinder cap, be drilled with some holes in described cylinder cap side, described hole comprises two kinds, a kind ofly extends to apart from the cooling water cavity wall from the cylinder cap side; A kind of cast part that extends to from the cylinder cap side between water cavity wall and the fire power face; In described U-shaped groove, hole and the cooling water cavity wall be equipped with fiber-optic grating sensor, the output terminal of fiber-optic grating sensor connects fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
Described fiber-optic grating sensor is encapsulated in the capillary metal tube.
Described fiber-optic grating sensor comprises two kinds: a kind of is only to arrange single grating at every optical fiber, and each measuring point uses an optical fiber, and another kind is to use at a plurality of gratings of optical fiber distribution.
It is described that to extend to apart from the diameter in cooling water cavity wall hole from the cylinder cap side be 12mm to 18mm; The described diameter that extends to the cast part hole between water cavity wall and the fire power face from the cylinder cap side is below the 2mm.
Engine cylinder cover measurement method of parameters based on optical fiber probe comprises the steps:
The described laying of step 3 is included in the laying of laying, the laying in the hole and cooling water cavity wall in the U-shaped groove.
Described laying step in U-shaped groove is as follows:
(1) U-shaped groove is carried out surface treatment: remove first rust staining and oxide, then remove greasy dirt, grease with acetone and alcohol;
(2) begin to lay, at first utilize a needle tubing that is filling adhesive to extrude a string diameter along U-shaped groove and be the adhesive pearl of 4-6mm, then make the adhesive pearl along U-shaped groove smooth connection to produce the thick stickup line of 1-2mm, subsequently fiber-optic grating sensor is put into adhesive, really be located within the U-shaped groove;
(3) sealing: adhesive is added in sealing place at cylinder cap and cylinder body, makes adhesive be higher than the fire power face plane, and the adhesive that then will exceed is polished to fire power face and flushes, and is coating the sealant sealing in one week of fire power face when last cylinder cap and cylinder body are fit.
In the hole the laying step: packaged fiber-optic grating sensor is put into the hole, encapsulates with adhesive.
Laying step at the cooling water cavity wall: packaged fiber-optic grating sensor is put into cooling water cavity by the hole of cylinder cap side, lay along the water cavity wall, fix with adhesive.
Fire power face at above-mentioned middle indication refers to that cylinder cap is installed in above the cylinder body, from the top seal cylinder and consist of the firing chamber.Fire power face is the face of cylinder cap downside, directly contacts with combustion gas in the firing chamber.Described cooling water cavity wall: cylinder cap inside is distributed with cooling water cavity, utilizes recirculated water to come the high-temperature part such as cooling combustion chamber, is the cooling water cavity wall around the water cavity.
Common grating also can be realized the measurement to temperature in hot environment, but considers measuring accuracy, can realize accurately measuring at fiber grating serving refractory metal.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: provide a cover both can test the cylinder cap temperature, can test again the device of strain, pressure, the design utilizes fiber-optic grating sensor, and this sensor has been compared remarkable advantage with thermopair, and its structure is small, the footpath is thin, being fit to small narrow space measures, but prolonged application is in high temperature, high humidity and have the rugged surroundings of chemical erosion etc., and the scene need not power supply, is not subjected to the impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and nuclear radiation, be easy to networking and long-distance transmissions, easy for installation relative with cost cheap.These characteristics make them become the desirable thermometric survey instrument of cylinder cap that is.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 fiber grating is at U-shaped groove mounting means;
Fig. 2 optical fiber Bragg grating encapsulation schematic diagram;
Fig. 3. many optical fiber of fire power face scheme of installation;
Fig. 4, fire power face single fiber scheme of installation;
Fig. 5, cylinder cap close beta schematic diagram;
Fig. 6, cylinder cap fire power face temperature field schematic diagram;
Among the figure, 1. sensor, 2. capillary metal tube, 3.U type groove, 4 cylinder caps, 5. optical fiber, 6. grating, 7. fire power face, 8. first group of fiber grating, 9. second group of fiber grating, 10. hole, 11,12,13,14,21,22,23,24 all represent test point.
Specific embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1-5, in order to fully understand the engine cylinder cover temperature field, need to test respectively fire power face temperature, cold-boundary temperature and center housing temperature.Therefore fiber-optic grating sensor need to be respectively installed to cylinder cap fire power face, cooling surface and cylinder interior.
The temperature of sensor 1 test fire power face
In order to measure the temperature of 4 fire the inside, at first carve U-shaped groove 3 in fire power face, at 8 (or a plurality of) measurement points 11,12,13,14,21,22,23,24 of U-shaped groove 3 interior layouts, place two groups of optical fiber, be respectively first group of optical fiber 8 and second group of optical fiber 9.
At first U-shaped groove 3 is carried out surface treatment.Rust staining and oxide etc. be should remove to U-shaped groove 3, then greasy dirt, grease and other pollutants removed with acetone and alcohol; Then begin to lay, at first utilize a needle tubing that is filling adhesive to extrude a string diameter along U-shaped groove 3 and be the adhesive pearl of 4-6mm, then make the adhesive pearl along U-shaped groove 3 smooth connections to produce the stickup line that approximately 1mm is thick, subsequently fiber grating is put into adhesive, be sure of that it is positioned within the U-shaped groove 3.And so that coated segment and encapsulation section are pasted on thin slice.Take first group of optical fiber as example, place first the optical fiber of 12,13,14 measuring points during placement, then place the optical fiber of measuring point 11.At measuring point 11 places, the metal tube pressure of measuring point 11 optical fiber is put on 12,13,14 optical fiber.
In addition, consider that the diameter of optical fiber own is very little, can only scribe U-shaped groove in measuring point place and sealing place of placing metal tube, other local optical fiber can directly be pasted, and technique is simple and convenient, does not affect measurement.
Scribe 8 gratings 6 at an optical fiber 5, respectively corresponding 8 measurement points are realized quasi-distributed measurement.As shown in Figure 4.
Sealing: sealing is most important to the normal operation of cylinder, therefore must seal cylinder and cylinder cap junction.Should add adhesive in sealing place, make adhesive be higher than the fire power face plane.The adhesive that then will exceed is polished to fire power face and flushes.Coating sealant in one week of fire power face when last and cylinder block is fit seals.
At cylinder cap 4 flank holes 10, packaged sensor 1 is directly laid along cylinder cap 4 sidewalls, and with sealing with the boring 10 of blocking cylinder cap 4, one sides in elevated-temperature seal agent coating and the solidity test.
The sensor cylinder body is installed: at the circular hole of the side face drilling diameter 1mm at distance fire power face 77mm place, the sensor 1 that capillary metal tube 2 encapsulates is put into circular hole, encapsulate with the elevated-temperature seal agent.
Adhesive recited above is quick epoxy adhesive, model JH99; Described elevated-temperature seal agent: generation woods glue industry institute production fluid attitude sealing gasket, model SL5051.
The cylinder cap analysis of thermal stress field:
By finding out among Fig. 6, fire power face is owing to being subject to the heating of the combination gas of high-temp combustion, and temperature is higher, and wherein the ridge area both sides are the highest, and its value can be near 300 ℃.Two measuring point temperature that distribute are respectively 300 ℃ and 296 ℃, the ridge area of these two measuring points between valve, and heat flux is large, and heat radiation relatively other positions is difficult, so temperature is relatively high; Simultaneously, since delivery temperature far above intake air temperature, so that gas outlet side measuring point temperature generally is higher than draft tube side measuring point temperature.
Obtain accurately the engine cylinder cover temperature field by the design and distribute, for the research of engine cylinder cover stress field provides reference.Utilize the Temperature numerical that obtains, can obtain the distribution of cylinder cap thermal stress by certain calculating, thus the reliability of engine evaluated cylinder cap work.
Claims (10)
1. based on the engine cylinder cover parameter measurement instrument of optical fiber probe, it is characterized in that: the fire power face at described cylinder cap is provided with U-shaped groove, be drilled with some holes in described cylinder cap side, described hole comprises two kinds, a kind ofly extend to apart from the cooling water cavity wall the another kind of cast part that extends to from the cylinder cap side between water cavity wall and the fire power face from the cylinder cap side; In described U-shaped groove, hole and the cooling water cavity wall be equipped with fiber-optic grating sensor, the output terminal of fiber-optic grating sensor connects fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the engine cylinder cover parameter measurement instrument of optical fiber probe, it is characterized in that: described fiber-optic grating sensor is encapsulated in the capillary metal tube.
3. as claimed in claim 1 based on the engine cylinder cover parameter measurement instrument of optical fiber probe, it is characterized in that: described fiber-optic grating sensor comprises two kinds: a kind of is only to arrange single grating at every optical fiber, each measuring point uses an optical fiber, and another kind is to use at a plurality of gratings of optical fiber distribution.
4. as claimed in claim 1 based on the engine cylinder cover parameter measurement instrument of optical fiber probe, it is characterized in that: described to extend to apart from the bore dia of cooling water cavity wall from the cylinder cap side be 12mm to 18mm.
5. as claimed in claim 1 based on the engine cylinder cover parameter measurement instrument of optical fiber probe, it is characterized in that: the described bore dia that extends to the cast part between water cavity wall and the fire power face from the cylinder cap side is below the 2mm.
6. the measuring method of the engine cylinder cover parameter measurement instrument based on optical fiber probe as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1 covers at engine cylinder U-shaped groove and some holes is set;
Step 2 encapsulates fiber-optic grating sensor;
Step 3 is laid in the U-shaped groove in the step 1, the some holes packaged fiber-optic grating sensor and the cooling water cavity wall.
7. as claimed in claim 6 based on the engine cylinder cover measurement method of parameters of optical fiber probe, it is characterized in that: the described laying of step 3 is included in the laying of laying, the laying in the hole and cooling water cavity wall in the U-shaped groove.
8. as claimed in claim 7 based on the engine cylinder cover measurement method of parameters of optical fiber probe, it is characterized in that: described laying step in U-shaped groove is as follows:
(1) U-shaped groove is carried out surface treatment: remove first rust staining and oxide, then remove greasy dirt, grease with acetone and alcohol;
(2) begin to lay, at first utilize a needle tubing that is filling adhesive to extrude a string diameter along U-shaped groove and be the adhesive pearl of 4-6mm, then make the adhesive pearl along U-shaped groove smooth connection to produce the thick stickup line of 1-2mm, subsequently fiber-optic grating sensor is put into adhesive, really be located within the U-shaped groove;
(3) sealing: adhesive is added in sealing place at cylinder cap and cylinder body, makes adhesive be higher than the fire power face plane, and the adhesive that then will exceed is polished to fire power face and flushes, and is coating elevated-temperature seal agent sealing in one week of fire power face when last cylinder cap and cylinder body are fit.
9. as claimed in claim 7 based on the engine cylinder cover measurement method of parameters of optical fiber probe, it is characterized in that: in the hole the laying step: packaged fiber-optic grating sensor is put into the hole, encapsulates with adhesive.
10. as claimed in claim 7 based on the engine cylinder cover measurement method of parameters of optical fiber probe, it is characterized in that: in the laying step of cooling water cavity wall: packaged fiber-optic grating sensor is put into cooling water cavity by the hole of cylinder cap side, lay along the water cavity wall, fix with adhesive.
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| CN201210347940.9A CN102853938B (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2012-09-18 | Engine cylinder cover parameter measuring instrument and method based on optical fiber probe |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105334059A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-02-17 | 哈尔滨东安汽车发动机制造有限公司 | Temperature field experimental method for engine cylinder head |
| CN106768467A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 核动力运行研究所 | A kind of novel metal inwall temperature measurement device and method |
| CN115325567A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-11-11 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Combustion chamber flame tube and temperature measuring system and method thereof |
| CN116046404A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-02 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Testing system for non-contact dynamic stress of high-temperature-range turbine rotor |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105334059A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-02-17 | 哈尔滨东安汽车发动机制造有限公司 | Temperature field experimental method for engine cylinder head |
| CN106768467A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 核动力运行研究所 | A kind of novel metal inwall temperature measurement device and method |
| CN106768467B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2019-09-17 | 核动力运行研究所 | A kind of metal inner surface temperature measurement device and method |
| CN115325567A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-11-11 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Combustion chamber flame tube and temperature measuring system and method thereof |
| CN116046404A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-02 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Testing system for non-contact dynamic stress of high-temperature-range turbine rotor |
| CN116046404B (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-06-30 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Testing system for non-contact dynamic stress of high-temperature-range turbine rotor |
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