CN213180406U - High-efficient FBG high temperature sensor - Google Patents
High-efficient FBG high temperature sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN213180406U CN213180406U CN202020825678.4U CN202020825678U CN213180406U CN 213180406 U CN213180406 U CN 213180406U CN 202020825678 U CN202020825678 U CN 202020825678U CN 213180406 U CN213180406 U CN 213180406U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high-efficient FBG high temperature sensor, this sensor includes: the optical fiber penetrates through the sensor in parallel, and a first sensitization FBG for temperature measurement and a second sensitization FBG for temperature compensation are arranged on the optical fiber along the axial direction of the optical fiber; the heat insulation layer can better protect the grating region and weaken the adverse effect of high temperature on the grating; and the thermal bimetallic strip is a main temperature-sensing power source component of the sensor. The utility model relates to a high-efficient FBG high temperature sensor can satisfy the temperature monitoring under the various high temperature operating mode to very small and exquisite, the preparation is simple and convenient, and the network deployment performance is good, can establish high temperature monitoring net betterly. The utility model discloses can satisfy most high temperature monitoring operating modes in fields such as energy exploitation, space flight and aviation and civil engineering fire control, have higher reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a high temperature monitoring equipment field, concretely relates to high-efficient FBG high temperature sensor.
Background
An optical fiber sensor is a sensor that converts the state of an object to be measured into a measurable optical signal. Since the birth of the optical fiber sensor, the optical fiber sensor is widely applied to a plurality of traditional sensing fields because of the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, intrinsic safety, small volume, light weight, easiness in embedding into materials and the like.
The severe environments such as deep space high temperature and strong electromagnetic interference cause immeasurable damage to the aircraft during service. Therefore, reliability research on aircraft in such harsh environments has become a major issue. With the revolution of fuels containing space flight, the working process of an aircraft fuel tank is in a high-temperature state, and the whole structural component is in a high-temperature working process.
Fiber optic sensors are outstanding in the sensing field, and effective real-time monitoring of such harsh environments, particularly high temperature environments, is essential to ensure personal and property safety. Petrochemical is the leading force of the energy industry. Petrochemical industry is irreplaceable in many fields in national economy, and the petrochemical industry is a very important industry in national economy. In the production process, general operation is in a high-temperature environment, and petroleum products are flammable and explosive, so that once a fire and explosion accident happens, great loss can be caused. With the rapid development of the petrochemical industry, the safety and health monitoring of the petrochemical industry are very important.
The working principle of the traditional FBG temperature sensor is that when the external temperature changes, the Bragg grating can change sensitively, so that light different from the calibration wavelength is reflected. However, the FBG degradation phenomenon in which the reflected light power becomes smaller becomes more and more significant at higher temperatures. During the fabrication of FBGs, the carrier transitions are distributed to energy levels with different energies, the higher the energy level the higher the energy required for the decay to occur. The higher the temperature, the fewer the number of carriers maintaining the transition state and the more severe the degradation, and when the temperature is too high above a threshold, the reflected light power becomes zero.
FBG has obvious advantages in terms of integration and networking. Due to the characteristic of very small volume of the fiber grating, each probe point only uses a relatively small light source component, and most of light can be transmitted and continuously transmitted. The maximum number of 30 gratings can be simultaneously used on one optical fiber, and the transmission distance exceeds 45km, which brings great convenience to networking. Meanwhile, the feasibility of the technology is improved by using technologies such as wavelength division multiplexing and the like. In general, FBGs have great advantages in a wide range of multi-node measurements.
The existing FBG temperature sensor technology is relatively mature, but in the high-temperature field, the FBG temperature sensor has the defects of low sensitivity, low reliability, low precision and the like. Particularly in high and new technical fields such as aerospace and the like, the traditional sensor cannot meet the industrial requirements due to non-functional defects such as overlarge function and body size, and therefore a high-precision sensor is urgently required to be developed. Aiming at high-temperature working conditions in the fields of aerospace, hot well oil fields and the like, the FBG has the high-precision sensing capability under the working conditions due to the inherent advantages of the FBG.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Not enough to current FBG temperature sensor, the utility model aims to provide a high-efficient FBG high temperature sensor, this sensor can have higher sensitivity in high temperature environment to have fine linearity in the threshold value, can satisfy the energy, the high temperature monitoring operating mode of most in fields such as space flight.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a high efficiency FBG high temperature sensor comprising:
a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber arranged in parallel, wherein,
a first sensitization FBG for temperature measurement is arranged on the first optical fiber along the axial direction of the optical fiber;
a second sensitivity enhancing FBG for temperature compensation is arranged on the second optical fiber along the axial direction of the optical fiber;
a package housing, disposed outside the first and second optical fibers, and including:
a first package housing and a second package housing coaxially disposed along an axial direction of the optical fiber,
a first anchoring structure used for limiting the same end of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end shell of the first packaging shell;
a third anchoring structure for limiting the other end of the first optical fiber is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second packaging shell;
the second anchoring structure is arranged on the inner wall of the shell at the other end of the first packaging shell;
the heat-insulating sleeve is used for optical fiber heat insulation and comprises a first heat-insulating sleeve, a second heat-insulating sleeve and a third heat-insulating sleeve, wherein,
the first heat-preservation sleeve is arranged outside the first optical fiber between the first anchoring structure and the third anchoring structure and used for preserving and insulating heat of the first sensitivity-enhanced FBG;
the second heat-preservation sleeve is arranged outside the second optical fiber between the second anchoring structure and the third anchoring structure and used for preserving and insulating heat of the second sensitivity enhanced FBG;
the third heat-preservation sleeve is arranged between the third anchoring structure and the outer wall of the second optical fiber and is used for preserving and insulating heat of the part, positioned in the third anchoring structure, of the second optical fiber;
the thermal bimetallic strip is arranged between the second anchoring structure and the third anchoring structure and used for providing temperature sensing power for the sensor;
the guide rail base is of a U-shaped groove structure and is used for non-axial limiting of a central component of the sensor, wherein the first packaging shell, the thermal bimetallic strip and the second packaging shell are sequentially arranged in the U-shaped groove of the guide rail base along the axial direction of the U-shaped groove, and the first packaging shell is fixedly connected with the guide rail base relatively;
the thermal bimetallic strip and the second packaging shell are in relative sliding connection with the guide rail base;
a heat-insulation and heat-insulation area is formed in the sensor by enclosing the first anchoring structure, the second anchoring structure, the first heat-insulation sleeve, the second heat-insulation sleeve and the first packaging shell;
and the heat-insulating material is filled in the heat-insulating area.
The heat-insulating material is powdered silica fume with refractoriness>The density reaches (1.6-1.7) g/cm at 1600 DEG C3More than 80% of the particles with fineness less than 1 μm, average particle diameter of 0.1-0.3 μm, and specific surface area of 20-28 m2/g。
The anchoring structure is made of glass solder.
The length of the sensor is 10-150mm, the height is 4-15mm, and the width is 5-18 mm.
The packaging shell is made of carbon steel or tungsten steel.
The heat-insulating sleeve is a silica gel glass fiber sleeve.
Compare with current FBG temperature sensor, the utility model discloses the beneficial effect who has does:
the optical fiber has good tensile property which can reach 8000
Therefore, the high-temperature monitoring threshold of the sensor can be obviously improved by stretching the optical fiber by means of thermal expansion of silicon rubber. Meanwhile, the sensor has better temperature linearity thanks to the good thermal effect of the expansion material.
1. The sensor adopts a temperature compensation and temperature measurement double FBG design, and the temperature compensation FBG can obviously eliminate wavelength nonlinear drift caused by the temperature of the temperature measurement FBG in a high-temperature environment;
2. the sensor has small overall dimension and small space occupation, and a plurality of sensors can be integrated to realize a networking high-temperature sensing system;
3. the sensor grating is packaged by a material with excellent heat insulation effect, and has higher reflected light power in a higher temperature field;
4. the silicon rubber used for the temperature sensing part of the sensor has stable high-temperature performance and can play a linear thermal expansion role at a higher temperature;
5. the sensor is suitable for various high-temperature working conditions such as a hot well oil field, aerospace and the like, and has wide application range and high temperature measurement precision.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor of the present invention;
101, a first sensitized FBG; 102. a second sensitized FBG; 2. a first package housing; 3. a thermal bimetallic strip; 4. a second package housing; 5. a guide rail base; 6. a third anchoring structure; 7. a third heat-insulating sleeve;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the high temperature sensor A-A of the high efficiency FBG of the present invention;
101, a first sensitized FBG; 102. a second sensitized FBG; 2. a first package housing; 3. a thermal bimetallic strip; 4. a second package housing; 5. a guide rail base; 6. a third anchoring structure; 8. a second anchoring structure; 9. a heat-preserving and heat-insulating area; 10. a first anchoring structure; 11. a first heat-insulating sleeve;
FIG. 3 is a B-B sectional view of the high temperature FBG sensor of the present invention;
101, a first sensitized FBG; 102. a second sensitized FBG; 2. a first package housing; 5. A guide rail base; 9. A heat-preserving and heat-insulating area; 12. a second heat-insulating sleeve;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the thermal bimetallic strip and the thermal insulation sleeve of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the deformed thermal bimetal of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor system according to the present invention;
wherein, 100, the utility model discloses a high temperature sensor of high-efficient FBG; 200. an armored optical cable; 300. a data processing terminal; 400. FBG demodulator.
Detailed Description
According to the utility model discloses a first embodiment provides a high-efficient FBG high temperature sensor.
The utility model provides a high-efficient FBG high temperature sensor, this sensor includes first sensitization FBG101, second sensitization FBG102, first encapsulation shell 2, hot bimetallic strip 3, second encapsulation shell 4, guide rail base 5, third anchor structure 6, third insulation support 7, second anchor structure 8, heat preservation heat-insulating zone 9, first anchor structure 10, first insulation support 11, second insulation support 12.
The optical fiber passes through the first heat-insulating sleeve 11 and the second heat-insulating sleeve 12, the heat-insulating material is filled outside the heat-insulating sleeves, and the heat-insulating material is an encapsulation casing sleeve outside the heat-insulating material.
One end of the first sensitization FBG101 is anchored by the first anchoring structure 10, and the other end of the first sensitization FBG passes through the first insulating sleeve 11 and then is anchored by the third anchoring structure 6; the second sensitivity enhancing FBG102 is used for temperature compensation, one end of the second sensitivity enhancing FBG102 is anchored by the first anchoring structure 10, the other end of the second sensitivity enhancing FBG102 sequentially passes through the second insulating sleeve 12 and the third insulating sleeve 7, and finally is anchored by the third anchoring structure 6.
Preferably, the armored optical fiber is led out from the temperature compensation end of the sensor and can be directly connected with the demodulation equipment and the data analysis processing terminal.
The utility model discloses in, adopt the glass solder to anchor optic fibre and encapsulation shell at the anchor structure.
In the present invention, the third anchoring structure 6 has an axial degree of freedom with respect to the rail base 5. The above structure can ensure that the resistance along the longitudinal direction of the sensor is mainly provided by the bare fiber where the first sensitized FBG101 is located.
Preferably, the thermal bimetal 3 of the sensor provides the possibility of high temperature sensing capability of the sensor.
In the present invention, the length of the high temperature sensor is 10-150mm, preferably 20-130mm, more preferably 50-120mm, for example 100 mm. The width is 5-18mm, preferably 6-15mm, for example 10 mm. The height is 4-15mm, more preferably 5-10mm, e.g. 8 mm.
The sensor has the following principle: when this sensor was placed in high temperature environment, because the change of temperature, two sensitization FBGs all can take place corresponding change, but this kind of wavelength drift that arouses by the temperature does not have linear characteristic, because the one end that first sensitization FBG place bare fiber was anchored by third anchor structure has optic fibre axial degree of freedom, the thermal flexure of bimetal can provide an axial effect for first sensitization FBG, and this effect will cause first sensitization FBG to take place very sensitive wavelength drift, and the wavelength drift of first sensitization FBG comes from two external factors: temperature and stress, the effect of second sensitization FBG is that the nonlinearity influence that the temperature brought the first sensitization FBG is eliminated.
According to the second embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor is provided.
A manufacturing method of a high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor comprises the following steps:
1) annealing: and (3) putting the optical fiber containing the two sensitized FBGs into a tube furnace for annealing treatment. Firstly, the grating part of the optical fiber is arranged in the middle of a tube furnace, the two ends of the optical fiber are fixed to be suspended in the furnace, furnace mouths at the two ends of the optical fiber are plugged by high-temperature cotton, the temperature of the tube furnace is increased to 500 ℃, the constant temperature is kept for 24 hours after the temperature is stabilized, and the optical fiber is taken out and cooled to the room temperature.
2) Packaging: firstly, filling the packaging shell with a heat-insulating material, then introducing a first heat-insulating sleeve 11 and a second heat-insulating sleeve into a pipe 12 to enable the first heat-insulating sleeve and the second heat-insulating sleeve to be in the same horizontal position, and ensuring that enough anchoring length is reserved at two ends of the first packaging shell 2; sequentially introducing the optical fiber into a first heat-insulating sleeve 11 and a second heat-insulating sleeve 12 to enable the grating to be positioned at the central position of the first packaging shell 2, anchoring the optical fiber at one end of the first packaging shell 2 by using glass solder, and anchoring the first heat-insulating sleeve and the second heat-insulating sleeve at the other end; a thermal bimetallic strip 3 is threaded on one side of the second anchoring structure 8 of the first packaging shell 2; penetrating the second sensitization FBG102 into a third heat-insulating sleeve 7 with the same length as the second packaging shell 4, anchoring the bare fiber where the first sensitization FBG101 is located at the position close to the thermal bimetallic strip 3, and anchoring the third heat-insulating sleeve 7; the connected part is clamped into the guide rail base 5, and the first packaging shell 2 and the guide rail base 5 are welded in a spot welding mode; and finally, sheathing optical fibers at two ends of the sensor to finish the packaging and manufacturing of the sensor.
The utility model discloses in, step 1) is to place the grating position of bare fiber in the tubular furnace central point and keep 24h with constant temperature, treats that the temperature field is stable (reflection wavelength tends to stability) and then encapsulates the processing.
Preferably, the temperature of the tube furnace is measured directly by a thermocouple located in the vicinity of the grating, so that the temperature obtained is closer to the actual temperature.
Preferably, the first sensitized FBG101 is very close to the second sensitized FBG102, ensuring that they have the same annealing process at ambient temperature.
The utility model discloses in, step 2) encapsulates the protection with the bare fiber after the annealing, and the FBG position is encapsulated the protection by first insulation sleeve 11, second insulation sleeve 12, heat preservation heat insulation region 9, first encapsulation shell 2.
In the present invention, step 2) is that the third anchoring structure 6 of the bare fiber where the first sensitization FBG101 is located has an axial degree of freedom, the thermal deflection of the thermal bimetallic strip 3 will give it an axial acting force, and the first sensitization FBG101 can sensitively recognize this action, thereby causing the wavelength drift of the first sensitization FBG 101.
In the present invention, the thermal bimetal used is not a special process, and is a currently known technology.
The utility model discloses in, the size of hot bimetallic strip is selected and can be synthesized according to the sensitivity of operating condition demand, FBG and select.
The utility model discloses in, temperature measurement FBG101 is in the operating mode of temperature field and strain field coupling, and near its temperature compensation FBG102 can be better with temperature and strain decoupling zero.
The utility model discloses in, because the sensor size is very little, so its integrated network deployment can become very feasible, the field that specially adapted needs high temperature sensing.
The utility model discloses in, this FBG high temperature sensor further improves FBG temperature measurement threshold value to have better feasibility.
Example 1
The utility model provides a high-efficient FBG high temperature sensor, this sensor includes first sensitization FBG101, second sensitization FBG102, first encapsulation shell 2, hot bimetallic strip 3, second encapsulation shell 4, guide rail base 5, third anchor structure 6, third insulation support 7, second anchor structure 8, heat preservation heat-insulating zone 9, first anchor structure 10, first insulation support 11, second insulation support 12.
The optical fiber passes through the first heat-insulating sleeve 11 and the second heat-insulating sleeve 12, the heat-insulating material is filled outside the heat-insulating sleeves, and the heat-insulating material is an encapsulation casing sleeve outside the heat-insulating material.
One end of the first sensitization FBG101 is anchored by the first anchoring structure 10, and the other end of the first sensitization FBG passes through the first insulating sleeve 11 and then is anchored by the third anchoring structure 6; the second sensitivity enhancing FBG102 is used for temperature compensation, one end of the second sensitivity enhancing FBG102 is anchored by the first anchoring structure 10, the other end of the second sensitivity enhancing FBG102 sequentially passes through the second insulating sleeve 12 and the third insulating sleeve 7, and finally is anchored by the third anchoring structure 6. The dimensions of the sensor are: 100mm in length, 10mm in width and 8mm in height.
Example 2
A manufacturing method of a high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor only fixes FBG in a tubular furnace, closes the tubular furnace, and fills high-temperature cotton into two ends of the FBG to finish the annealing process.
Example 3
Example 2 is repeated except that the thermal bi-metallic strip is subjected to a thermal flexing phenomenon and thus acts on the third anchoring structure 6, allowing the temperature measuring FBG located in the first temperature maintaining sleeve to recognize this action.
Example 4
Example 3 and example 1 were repeated, except that the thermal bimetallic strip generates a heat deflection phenomenon, and the second sensitization FBG for temperature compensation in the second thermal insulation sleeve can compensate the nonlinear influence caused by temperature at high temperature.
Example 5
Example 4 was repeated except that the sensor further included an armored fiber having both ends accessed, the armored fiber including an inner cladding tube, a metal sleeve, and an outer sleeve. The three-layer ferrule protects the optical fiber from damage by corrosion, mechanical abrasion, shearing, and the like.
Example 6
And repeating the embodiment 5, connecting the fixed FBG high-temperature sensor with an optical fiber jumper, accessing a demodulator, and connecting the demodulator end with a computer terminal. The demodulator adopts a Si255 type manufactured by Micron Optics company in America, is configured with 16 channels, has a bandwidth of 160nm per channel, and is developed based on a new generation HYPERION platform. The computer adopts ENLIGHT sensing analysis and data acquisition software on a Windows7 operating system. And adjusting the temperature set value of the tubular furnace to 500 ℃, starting heating, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours when the temperature is 500 ℃. And calibrating the two FBGs at high temperature, and compensating the nonlinear influence of the temperature on the temperature measurement FBG by using the data of the temperature compensation FBG. The goodness of fit R2 of the two FBG data is greater than 0.9, and the standard of high-temperature monitoring is achieved.
Claims (6)
1. A high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor is characterized by comprising:
a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber arranged in parallel, wherein,
a first sensitization FBG for temperature measurement is arranged on the first optical fiber along the axial direction of the optical fiber;
a second sensitivity enhancing FBG for temperature compensation is arranged on the second optical fiber along the axial direction of the optical fiber;
a package housing, disposed outside the first and second optical fibers, and including:
a first package housing and a second package housing coaxially disposed along an axial direction of the optical fiber,
a first anchoring structure used for limiting the same end of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end shell of the first packaging shell;
a third anchoring structure for limiting the other end of the first optical fiber is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second packaging shell;
the second anchoring structure is arranged on the inner wall of the shell at the other end of the first packaging shell;
the heat-insulating sleeve is used for optical fiber heat insulation and comprises a first heat-insulating sleeve, a second heat-insulating sleeve and a third heat-insulating sleeve, wherein,
the first heat-preservation sleeve is arranged outside the first optical fiber between the first anchoring structure and the third anchoring structure and used for preserving and insulating heat of the first sensitivity-enhanced FBG;
the second heat-preservation sleeve is arranged outside the second optical fiber between the second anchoring structure and the third anchoring structure and used for preserving and insulating heat of the second sensitivity enhanced FBG;
the third heat-preservation sleeve is arranged between the third anchoring structure and the outer wall of the second optical fiber and is used for preserving and insulating heat of the part, positioned in the third anchoring structure, of the second optical fiber;
the thermal bimetallic strip is arranged between the second anchoring structure and the third anchoring structure and used for providing temperature sensing power for the sensor;
the guide rail base is of a U-shaped groove structure and is used for non-axial limiting of a central component of the sensor, wherein the first packaging shell, the thermal bimetallic strip and the second packaging shell are sequentially arranged in the U-shaped groove of the guide rail base along the axial direction of the U-shaped groove, and the first packaging shell is fixedly connected with the guide rail base relatively;
the thermal bimetallic strip and the second packaging shell are in relative sliding connection with the guide rail base;
a heat-insulation and heat-insulation area is formed in the sensor by enclosing the first anchoring structure, the second anchoring structure, the first heat-insulation sleeve, the second heat-insulation sleeve and the first packaging shell;
and the heat-insulating material is filled in the heat-insulating area.
2. A high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermal insulation material is powdered silica fume with refractoriness>At 1600 ℃ and the density of the mixture reaches 1.6 to 1.7g/cm3More than 80% of the particles with fineness less than 1 μm, average particle diameter of 0.1-0.3 μm, and specific surface area of 20-28 m2/g。
3. A high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anchoring structure is made of glass solder.
4. A high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor according to claim 1, wherein the length of the sensor is 10-150mm, the height is 4-15mm and the width is 5-18 mm.
5. A high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the packaging shell is made of carbon steel or tungsten steel.
6. A high-efficiency FBG high-temperature sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the heat-insulating sleeve is a silica gel glass fiber sleeve.
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| CN202020825678.4U CN213180406U (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | High-efficient FBG high temperature sensor |
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| CN202020825678.4U CN213180406U (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | High-efficient FBG high temperature sensor |
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