CN102848928A - Wireless power supply driving method and device for electric automobile or electric motorcycle - Google Patents
Wireless power supply driving method and device for electric automobile or electric motorcycle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless power supply driving method and a wireless power supply driving device for an electric automobile or an electric motorcycle, and belongs to electro-mechanics. Wireless power supply is completely used as driving energy; a receiving coil is added in a tire, a road for an electromagnetic oscillating and transmitting coil capable of wirelessly supplying power to the receiving coil in the tire is laid in the running route of the electric automobile or the electric motorcycle, the electromagnetic oscillating and transmitting coil embedded in the road transmits electrical energy, and the receiving coil arranged in the tire absorbs the electrical energy provided by the electromagnetic oscillating and transmitting coil through electromagnetic resonance; and through rectification, voltage stabilization and control of an external circuit module and through a wireless power supply receiving device, wireless transmission of the electrical energy from the pavement to the electric automobile or the electric motorcycle is realized, and a hub motor is driven to run.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the electromechanical field, relates to a driving mode which combines a wireless power supply technology and a hub motor technology to drive an electric automobile and a motorcycle, in particular to a wireless power supply receiving device which is arranged in a wheel tire and provides energy for the hub motor, and a wireless power supply driving method and a wireless power supply driving device of the electric automobile and the electric motorcycle which finish energy transmission together with an underground electromagnetic oscillation power supply system.
Background
The automobile industry in the world faces huge challenges of energy shortage and serious environmental protection problems, and the development of electric automobiles is a hotspot of international research at present, so that electrification of an automobile energy power system is realized. Because of the increasing serious environmental pollution caused by fuel automobiles and the relatively low electricity consumption cost, countries around the world compete to support and guide the rapid development of the electric automobile industry, and related products are sold at home and abroad, but because the electric automobiles at present have a plurality of technical obstacles, such as the limitation of the total capacity of vehicle-mounted batteries, the maximum travel and the maximum output power of the electric automobiles cannot completely meet the requirements of practical use, the service life of rechargeable batteries is generally 1-2 years at present, the service cost of the automobiles is greatly increased due to the short service life of the batteries, the cost of using electric energy for using gasoline is offset, the cost of using electric energy for using gasoline is possibly higher than that of using gasoline, and the problem of the matched facility arrangement of charging piles also exists. At present, most of electric motorcycles use lead-acid batteries due to cost, and the batteries are too heavy and long in charging time, so that the application and market space of the electric automobiles are limited.
Generally, a hub motor in an electric automobile is a high-speed motor arranged in a hub, the diameter of the high-speed motor is much smaller than that of the hub, and the matching with the required speed of a wheel is realized through a built-in gear reduction mechanism. The hub motor in the electric motorcycle is generally a permanent magnet brushless direct current low-speed motor arranged in a hub, the diameter of the motor is equivalent to that of the hub, no electric brush is needed, no rotating gear is arranged, no mechanical abrasion of the electric brush exists, and the motor directly drives wheels to move. However, a large number of charging piles need to be built in a city by adopting the charging electric automobile, and a certain number of charging piles are only installed in the tokyo city of japan and the campus of stanford university of america all over the world at present. Despite the above problems, the electric vehicle is still the development direction of the automobile industry in the future due to the great advantage of the electric vehicle in environmental protection.
The U.S. Massachusetts institute of technology and technology, J.D. Jonenoloside, et al, have the respective Chinese patent application numbers: 200680032299.2, 201010214681.3 and 201110185992.6, entitled "wireless radiation energy transfer", discloses a wireless non-radiation energy transfer method, and an electromagnetic energy transfer device; as early as 1900 years, the electric automobile with a hub motor equipped on the front wheel was first manufactured by the company baekier, germany, and in the 70's of the 20 th century, the technology was applied to the fields of mine transportation vehicles and the like. The hub motor for the automobile is in the leading position in the international automobile which is currently used in general and Toyota. The wheel hub motor technology is the wheel built-in motor technology, and the most important characteristic of the wheel hub motor technology is that power, transmission and braking devices are integrated into a wheel hub, so that the mechanical part of an electric vehicle is greatly simplified.
However, although the invention patent entitled "wireless radiation energy transfer" discloses a wireless non-radiation energy transfer method and an electromagnetic energy transfer device, "the wireless receiver is any one of an automaton, a vehicle or a receiver"; porsche corporation (Porsche), Germany, manufactures electric vehicles with hub motors on the front wheels. However, no information exists so far that the wireless power supply technology and the hub motor technology are organically combined and used for the driving device technology of the electric automobile and the electric motorcycle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wireless power supply driving method and a wireless power supply driving device for an electric automobile and an electric motorcycle, which solve the problems that the conventional electric automobile and the electric motorcycle are limited by the total capacity of a vehicle-mounted battery, the maximum stroke and the highest output power of the conventional electric automobile and the conventional electric motorcycle cannot completely meet the actual use requirement, and the conventional lead-acid batteries used for most electric automobiles and electric motorcycles are excessively heavy and have long charging time, so that the application and market spaces of the electric automobiles and the electric motorcycles are limited; the adoption charges electric automobile, electric motorcycle still need establish the problem of a large amount of electric pile etc. in the city.
The invention is based on the existing hub motor technology, adopts the innovative design technology of the hub motor and the wireless power supply technology, completely adopts the wireless power supply as the driving energy, adds a receiving coil in the wheel tyre, lays the road of the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil which can supply power for the receiving coil in the wheel tyre in a wireless way according to the driving route of the electric automobile and the electric motorcycle, the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil which is embedded in the road transmits the power, the receiving coil arranged in the wheel tyre absorbs the power provided by the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil through the electromagnetic resonance, and realizes the wireless power transmission from the road surface to the electric automobile or the electric motorcycle through the rectification, the voltage stabilization and the control of an external circuit module. The specific principle is as follows: the transmitting coil laid underground transmits battery energy, the vibration frequency of the transmitting coil is omega 1, the natural frequency of the receiving coil fixed in the tire of the wheel is completely consistent with the natural frequency omega 1 of the transmitting coil in the road through circuit design, electromagnetic coupling, namely magnetic resonance, is generated under the condition, electric energy is transmitted to the receiving coil positioned in the tire of the wheel, and the electric energy is rectified, stabilized and controlled through an external circuit module and then transmitted to the hub motor so as to enable the hub motor to operate according to the speed set by a signal given by a vehicle controller.
A wireless power supply driving method for electric automobiles and electric motorcycles completely adopts wireless power supply electric energy as driving energy:
a. a receiving coil is additionally arranged in a tire of a wheel;
b. paving a road with an electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil which can wirelessly supply power to a receiving coil in a wheel tire according to the running route of an electric automobile and an electric motorcycle, wherein the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil embedded in the road transmits electric energy;
c. the receiving coil arranged in the tire of the wheel absorbs the electric energy provided by the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil through electromagnetic resonance, and realizes the wireless transmission of the electric energy from the road surface to the electric automobile or the electric motorcycle through the rectification, the voltage stabilization and the control of the external circuit module.
A wireless power supply driving device of an electric automobile and an electric motorcycle comprises a main shaft, wherein a stator coil is connected to the main shaft, and is movably connected to at least 2 wheel hubs on the main shaft through a bearing; a receiving coil capable of receiving the electric energy of the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil positioned in the ground is arranged in the tire of the wheel; the conductive slip ring is connected with a connecting lead and a lead which are connected with an external circuit module.
The receiving coil and the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil have the same natural vibration frequency, magnetic resonance occurs, and both the natural vibration frequency and the magnetic resonance can be transmitted to the receiving coil by the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil;
the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil is an LC oscillation circuit formed by an inductor and a capacitor wound by copper wires;
the LC oscillating circuit is connected with an external circuit module, and the external circuit module consists of an oscillator and a power amplifier.
The invention is suitable for all electrically-driven vehicles, and simultaneously comprises hybrid vehicles containing the device of the invention, such as electric motorcycles, electric automobiles and other purely electrically-driven tools; or may play the role of an auxiliary power driving system in the next generation hybrid electric vehicle.
The invention can be used by matching with a vehicle-mounted battery, receives electric energy at a road section with an underground transmitting device, stores redundant electric energy in a storage battery, and depends on the operation of a storage battery driving device at a road section without the underground transmitting device.
The invention can also have a plurality of driving modes such as single motor driving, multi-motor driving, combined motor driving and the like, for example, four-wheel driving can be adopted in an electric automobile, and single motor driving is generally adopted in an electric motorcycle.
The invention is suitable for various types of motors such as an inner rotor motor, an outer rotor motor, a high-speed motor and the like.
The invention is used for driving automobiles, electric motorcycles and small vehicles which run in a specific range, such as vehicles for transporting tourists in museums and sightseeing spots, vehicles for transporting goods in workshops, and vehicles for multiple purposes such as patrolling in specific areas; or can be used together with gasoline engine or diesel engine to form hybrid-driven automobile and motorcycle; but also suitable for various mobile devices which are developed for special purposes and used in special occasions, such as medical devices moving in human bodies, to complete certain operation tasks; such as racing to match on a race, and having a technical innovation in the field; such as vehicles implemented in contaminated environments, and the drive mechanisms of robots.
The invention is suitable for a vehicle driven by wireless power supply, and no matter whether the vehicle adopts the wheel hub motor technology, the invention can be regarded as the coverage range of the invention as long as the tire of the wheel contains a receiving coil. The magnetic resonance coupling is most efficient and energy losses are minimized due to the direct contact of the wheel tires with the ground.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention effectively overcomes the problem of insufficient power caused by the limitation of the energy output average power of the battery of the existing electric automobile and electric motorcycle, so the invention is only widely applied to various unconventional places with the speed less than 50km/h, such as golf courses and the like, and if the speed needs to be further improved, a battery with larger capacity needs to be installed, so the obstacles in the aspects of technology and cost exist at present. The invention overcomes the problem of overhigh cost caused by battery aging of the electric automobile and the electric motorcycle, the service life of the battery of the electric automobile is 1 to 2 years, the replacement cost is 6 ten thousand yuan, the charging cost is removed, the battery cost is about 2500-. The electric automobile and the electric motorcycle have theoretically unlimited cruising ability in a specific area and are not limited by energy of a carried battery, but the current electric automobile needs to carry a large battery pack to reach a stroke of more than 100 kilometers, so that the electric automobile occupies a large space in the automobile, and the electric automobile does not carry the battery pack, so that the space and carrying weight are saved; the wheel hub motor technology is the wheel built-in motor technology, and the most important characteristic of the wheel hub motor technology is that power, transmission and braking devices are integrated into a wheel hub, so that the mechanical part of an electric vehicle is greatly simplified.
The invention adopts wireless power supply to provide the driving energy of the automobile without using a rechargeable battery, so the service life of the battery is not problem, and the problems of heavy battery and long charging time are not caused.
The wireless power supply power adopted by the invention is determined by the transmitting power of the coil laid in the road, and the transmitting devices with different powers can be provided according to the needs, thereby overcoming the problem that the maximum output power in the prior art can not meet the needs.
And fourthly, the vehicle does not cause any pollution to the environment, and the leakage problem of the lead-acid battery and the safety problem of the nickel-hydrogen battery are to be verified at present. The invention has no potential safety hazard. The conventional electric automobile adopts a battery charging mode to supplement energy, a charging process usually needs a long time, usually 4-8 hours, and brings great inconvenience to the use of the electric automobile, but the invention has no charging rest time, and can work at any time as long as a laid transmitting device runs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a road on which an electric charging device for charging a tire of a vehicle wheel is laid according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an integrated wheel with a charging device and an in-wheel motor mounted in a tire according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a control circuit diagram of the external circuit module for wireless power supply according to the present invention.
The numbering in the drawings means: the road boundary detection device comprises a road boundary 1, an electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil 2, a receiving coil 3, a wheel tire 4, a wheel hub 5, a rotor coil 6, a bearing 7, a stator coil 8, a main shaft 9, a conductive slip ring 10, a connecting lead 11, a lead 12, a rectifying circuit 13, a filter circuit 14, a voltage stabilizing circuit 15 and a control circuit 16.
Detailed Description
The core part of the invention is divided into two parts: a road for charging the charging device in the tire of the wheel is paved, as shown in the attached figure 1, and the integral wheel formed by the charging device and the hub motor is arranged in the tire of the wheel, as shown in the attached figure 2.
The road paved with the charging device has a structure shown in figure 1, and comprises a road edge 1 and an electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil 2 buried in the ground for 5-10 cm. As shown in fig. 2, the mechanical and electrical structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention comprises a main shaft 9, a stator coil 8 of a hub motor is connected to the main shaft 9, a hub 5 is movably connected to the main shaft 9 through a bearing 7, and a conductive slip ring 10 for transmitting and receiving electric energy of the coil 3 is arranged on the main shaft 9; a rotor coil 6 of a hub motor is arranged at the inner edge of the hub 5, a wheel tire 4 is arranged at the outer edge of the hub 5, and a receiving coil 3 capable of receiving the electric energy of the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil 2 is arranged in the wheel tire 4; the conductive slip ring 10 is connected with connecting wires 11 and 12 connected with an external circuit module. Wherein,theElectromagnetic oscillatorThe transmitting coil 2 is an LC oscillating circuit formed by an inductance coil (inductance is L) wound by a copper wire and a capacitor (capacitance is C); the external circuit module formed by the circuit oscillator and the power amplifier is connected, because the receiving coil 3 and the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil 2 have the same natural vibration frequency, the external circuit module (a device powered by a city power grid, the device is arranged beside a charging road, is a small circuit, has the function of converting 220V or 380V 50Hz commercial power into 90KHz 300V high-frequency alternating current, and special circuit modules of the type sold in the market) are used for providing sinusoidal signal current consistent with the frequency of the oscillation circuit, the electric energy carried by the magnetic resonance sensor is transmitted to a receiving coil 3 positioned in a wheel tire 4 in an electromagnetic resonance mode, magnetic resonance is generated, the electric energy is transmitted to the receiving coil 3, the receiving coil 3 transmits electric energy to the conductive slip ring 10 through the lead 12, and the conductive slip ring 10 is connected with two leads of the leads 11 to transmit the electric energy out of the wheel. The electric energy which is transmitted out of the wheel and is loaded on the sinusoidal signal is rectified, filtered and stabilized by an external circuit module, and finally transmitted to a controller special for the direct current hub motor, and the electric energy is transmitted back to a lead 11 by the controller to supply power to the hub motor so as to drive the electric automobile or the electric motorcycle, so that the electric automobile and the electric motorcycle run at corresponding speeds of power supply parameters given by the controller.
Fig. 3 is a control circuit diagram of a wireless power supply external circuit module, which is shown in the drawing, and includes a rectifying circuit 13 for receiving high-frequency ac power from a wire 11, a filtering circuit 14 for filtering electrical signals output by the rectifying circuit 13 to reduce ac interference, and a voltage stabilizing circuit 15 for stabilizing the filtered dc power to make the voltage constant, and finally inputting the voltage constant into a control circuit 16, and controlling the operating speed of the motor through the control circuit.
Taking a motor-driven motorcycle model built by the technology of the invention as an example, the natural frequency of the adopted electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil 2 and the natural frequency of the adopted receiving coil 3 are 90Khz, the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil 2 is wound by a single-stranded copper wire with the diameter of 1.5 mm, 6 turns are wound into one group, as shown in figure 1, the shape of the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil 2 is similar to the shape of a sports playground runway, the two sides of the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil are circular, the total length is 2 meters, the width is 0.4 meter, 30 groups are paved on a road surface, and the distance between each group is 0.4 meter; the inductance of the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil 2 is 0.15 millihenry, and a basic LC oscillation circuit is configured by a 20 picofarad capacitor, and the natural frequency of the circuit is 90 Khz. The receiving coil 3 is made of single-stranded copper wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm, is circular, and adopts the wheel tire with the diameter of 42 cm, so that the diameter of the coil is 40 cm, the coil is wound into a group of 12 turns in total, the inductance value is 0.144 millihenry, a basic LC oscillating circuit is formed by a capacitor with 22 picofarads, and the natural frequency is also 90 Khz. The receiver coil 3 is fixed inside the wheel tyre 4 as shown in figure 2. The average power of each electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil 2 is 250 watts, when 90kHz alternating current is input into the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil 2, 100 watts of electric energy can be coupled out from a single receiving coil 3, and the electric energy is output to a hub motor controller after rectification, filtering and voltage stabilization, wherein the hub motor controller provides permanent magnet direct current to supply power to a hub motor to drive the motor to run.
Claims (4)
1. A wireless power supply driving method of an electric automobile and an electric motorcycle is characterized in that:
the electric energy of wireless power supply is completely adopted as the driving energy:
a. a receiving coil (3) is additionally arranged in a wheel tire;
b. paving a road with an electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil (2) capable of wirelessly supplying power to a receiving coil (3) in a wheel tire (4) according to the driving route of an electric automobile and an electric motorcycle, wherein the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil (2) buried in the road emits electric energy;
c. the receiving coil (3) arranged in the wheel tire (4) absorbs the energy provided by the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil (2) through electromagnetic resonance, and realizes the wireless transmission of the electric energy from the road surface to the electric automobile or the electric motorcycle through the rectification, voltage stabilization and control of an external circuit module.
2. The utility model provides an electric automobile, electric motorcycle's wireless power supply drive arrangement, includes main shaft (9), is connected with stator coil (8) on this main shaft (9), through at least 2 wheel hubs (5) of bearing (7) swing joint on this main shaft (9), and rotor coil (6) of in-wheel motor are installed to this wheel hub (5) inner edge, install wheel tire (4) on this wheel hub 5 outer edge, its characterized in that: the main shaft (9) is provided with a plurality of conductive slip rings (10) for transmitting and receiving the electric energy of the coil (3); a receiving coil (3) capable of receiving the electric energy of the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil (2) positioned in the ground is arranged in the wheel tire (4); the conductive slip ring (10) is connected with a connecting lead (11) and a lead (12) which are connected with an external circuit module.
3. The wireless power supply driving device of the electric automobile and the electric motorcycle according to claim 2, characterized in that: the receiving coil (3) and the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil (2) have the same natural vibration frequency, magnetic resonance occurs, and electric energy is transferred to the receiving coil (3) from the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil (2).
4. The wireless power supply driving device of the electric automobile and the electric motorcycle according to claim 2, characterized in that: the electromagnetic oscillation transmitting coil (2) is an LC oscillation circuit formed by an inductor and a capacitor wound by copper wires; the external circuit module is composed of an oscillator and a power amplifier.
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| CN201210388593.4A CN102848928B (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2012-10-15 | Wireless power supply driving method and device for electric automobile or electric motorcycle |
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| CN201210388593.4A CN102848928B (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2012-10-15 | Wireless power supply driving method and device for electric automobile or electric motorcycle |
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Cited By (11)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104300694A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2015-01-21 | 郭和友 | Two-wheeled electrombile capable of being charged and powered wirelessly |
| CN105337334A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-17 | 刘跃进 | Novel magnetic conductive rubber and magnetic conductive tyre charging system used for charging electric automobile in operation |
| CN105529751A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-04-27 | 刘跃进 | Wireless charging belt system for providing charging, positioning, navigation and automatic driving for electric vehicle |
| CN106143185A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-23 | 浙江大学 | Wireless power supply system in a kind of novel electric vehicle based on tire traveling |
| CN106532970A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-22 | 上海思岚科技有限公司 | Wireless power transmission slip ring |
| CN107323303A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-07 | 刘基农 | The safe and intelligent accumulator car without environment pollution charged in traveling |
| CN108819730A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-11-16 | 天津中科先进技术研究院有限公司 | Non-contact power supply system of electric automobile |
| CN109532460A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-29 | 奥迪股份公司 | Power transmitting apparatus, wheel support equipment and motor vehicle |
| CN111564944A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-21 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Electronic terminal |
| EP4005829A4 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2023-08-09 | Bridgestone Corporation | Tire/wheel assembly, tire, and wireless power reception system |
| EP4043266A4 (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2023-11-01 | The University of Tokyo | Wireless power receiving system, moving body, and wheel |
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Cited By (12)
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| CN104300694A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2015-01-21 | 郭和友 | Two-wheeled electrombile capable of being charged and powered wirelessly |
| CN105337334A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-17 | 刘跃进 | Novel magnetic conductive rubber and magnetic conductive tyre charging system used for charging electric automobile in operation |
| CN105529751A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-04-27 | 刘跃进 | Wireless charging belt system for providing charging, positioning, navigation and automatic driving for electric vehicle |
| CN106143185A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-23 | 浙江大学 | Wireless power supply system in a kind of novel electric vehicle based on tire traveling |
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| CN107323303A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-07 | 刘基农 | The safe and intelligent accumulator car without environment pollution charged in traveling |
| CN109532460A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-29 | 奥迪股份公司 | Power transmitting apparatus, wheel support equipment and motor vehicle |
| CN109532460B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2021-10-08 | 奥迪股份公司 | Power transmission device, wheel support device, and motor vehicle |
| CN108819730A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-11-16 | 天津中科先进技术研究院有限公司 | Non-contact power supply system of electric automobile |
| EP4005829A4 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2023-08-09 | Bridgestone Corporation | Tire/wheel assembly, tire, and wireless power reception system |
| EP4043266A4 (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2023-11-01 | The University of Tokyo | Wireless power receiving system, moving body, and wheel |
| CN111564944A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-21 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Electronic terminal |
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| CN102848928B (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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Address after: No. 77, Yingkou Road, Changchun, Jilin, Jilin Patentee after: Jilin North Asia Zhi Gu Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: No. 77, Yingkou Road, Changchun, Jilin, Jilin Patentee before: CHANGCHUN ZHONGXIN PHOTOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. |