CN102823922A - Method for removing lotus seed husks by using biological compound enzyme - Google Patents
Method for removing lotus seed husks by using biological compound enzyme Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing lotus seed husks by using biological compound enzyme. The method comprises the steps as follows: (1) pretreatment on unshelled lotus seeds by soaking in warm water: soaking the unshelled lotus seeds in water bath of 40 DEG C to 50 DEG C for 1h to 2h, and agitating to obtain a soaked lotus seed mixture, wherein the liquid part is of lotus seed soaking solution; (2) compound enzyme solution enzymolysis treatment: adding a compound enzyme solution account for 1 to 3% of the lotus seed soaking solution by mass percent, agitating, soaking for 40 min to 90 min at constant temperature of 40 DEG C to 50 DEG C; (3) leachating; and (4) rinsing with running water. The method solves the key technical problems that the traditional machine for grinding the lotus seed husks has the defects of high loss (about 20%) of raw materials, large mechanical abrasion, low production efficiency (consuming 12min for each 10kg), serious dust pollution and the like. In addition, the method also solves the key technical problems of low product safety, instable product quality, environment pollution and the like caused by soaking the lotus seed husks in alkali liquor for husking. The obtained product is safe in edible quality, and pure and stable in flavor and color.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lotus seeds peeling method, be specifically related to a kind of method that removes lotus seeds kind skin with biological complex enzyme.
Background technology
Lotus (
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) be aquatic herbaceous plant for many years; It is China's special product; Lotus seeds are the all-ages excellent tonic products of generally acknowledging, the effect of tonifying spleen antidiarrheal, the puckery essence of kidney-nourishing, mental-tranquilization, brain tonic and intelligence development is arranged, and are more suitable for person in middle and old age's human body void, insomnia, poor appetite and cancer patient.The medical value of lotus seeds and edibility are all very high, but lotus shell and the removal of kind skin are the primary prerequisites of lotus seeds processing, the removal of lotus shell, and current many enterprises use hulling machine mostly; Energy consumption and material loss all are not very big, yet, plant skin and remove; Comparatively speaking, method is numerous, and effect is different.The method of lotus seeds peeling at present mainly contains three kinds: Mechanical Method, physics method, chemical method.Mechanical Method is promptly used simple and easy emery wheel decorticating mill, and its peeling is comparatively clean, but the raw material damage is big, and the proportion of goods damageds reach 20%, and production capacity is low, and 10 kg lotus seeds approximately need 12 min; The physics method generally adopts the blanching method, promptly carries out the blanching peeling with 90 ℃ of hot water, and the lotus seeds decortication effect is better preferably for maturity for this method, and the then peeling of maturity difference is difficult; Chemical method generally adopts the peeling of thermokalite water logging bubble, and there are very big harmful effect in product appearance and edible quality.Above method or decortication effect are unstable, maybe can itself cause lotus seeds pulp than macrolesion, or the peeling inefficiency, or cost is higher.Therefore, exploitation guarantees that the green decortication process technology of lotus seeds product quality is very urgent, significant, and market application foreground is good.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiency of prior art, obtain that product cating quality safety, material loss are few, local flavor and the pure stable decortication white lotus of color and luster, the present invention proposes a kind of lotus seeds peeling method, its production technology environmental protection, safe, efficient, simple and convenient.
Technology path of the present invention is: definite → shelling lotus seeds → emerge in worm water processing → constant temperature stirring → lotus seeds of shelling lotus seeds kind skin chemical composition soak enzymolysis processing → constant temperature stirring → draining → flowing water flushing → peeling lotus seeds.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind ofly remove the method for lotus seeds kind skin, may further comprise the steps with biological complex enzyme:
(1) shelling lotus seeds preliminary treatment: place 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃ water-baths to soak 1 h ~ 2 h by the mass volume ratio of 1:4 ~ 6 lotus seeds that will shells, and stirring, must the lotus seeds immersion mixture, wherein liquid partly is the lotus seeds soak;
(2) complex enzyme liquid enzymolysis processing: add in above-mentioned lotus seeds immersion mixture that to account for above-mentioned lotus seeds soak mass fraction be 1% ~ 3% complex enzyme liquid, stir, soak 40 min ~ 90 min in 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃ constant temperature; The preparation method of said complex enzyme liquid is: earlier with the pectin polygalacturonase: the enzyme activity ratio of pectinesterase hydrolase is 1 ~ 3:1 preparation pectase stoste; Enzyme activity ratio with pectase stoste and hemicellulase is 2 ~ 4:1 preparation complex enzyme stoste again; Transfer pH value to 4 ~ 5 of complex enzyme stoste again; Stir, get complex enzyme liquid;
(3) draining;
(4) flowing water flushing: lotus seeds kind skin is removed in the flushing back in flowing water, promptly gets and removes the peel lotus seeds.
Wherein, the said shelling lotus seeds of step (1) are preferable over and soak 1 h in 45 ℃ of water-baths.
The preparation method of the said complex enzyme liquid of step (2) is preferably: earlier with the pectin polygalacturonase: the enzyme activity of pectinesterase hydrolase is than being 1.5:1 preparation pectase stoste; Enzyme activity ratio with pectase stoste and hemicellulase is a 3:1 preparation complex enzyme stoste again; Transfer pH value to 4 ~ 5 of complex enzyme stoste again; Stir, get complex enzyme liquid, for use in 0 ℃ ~ 4 ℃ refrigerations.
In the said complex enzyme liquid of step (2) manufacturing process by enzyme activity than carrying out the composite of proenzyme liquid.
Step (2) is preferably used the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.01 ~ 0.10 mol or the sodium hydroxide solution adjust pH of 0.01 ~ 0.10 mol.
The said complex enzyme liquid of step (2) enzymolysis processing is preferably: add that to account for lotus seeds soak mass fraction be 2% complex enzyme liquid, stir, 45 ℃ of constant temperature soak 50 min, and the pH of control complex enzyme liquid is 4.5.
The described flowing water flushing of step (4) is preferably pressure flush.
Said lotus seeds are preferably Hunan lotus seeds.
Do further explanation and explanation in the face of the present invention down:
The preliminary treatment of the described shelling lotus seeds of step (1) emerge in worm water, purport shortens the complex enzyme liquid processing time through the best hydrolysis temperature at complex enzyme liquid lotus seeds are implemented to soak into, and specifically handles the water yield and is advisable with the whole lotus seeds products of submergence; Step (2) said by in the preparation process of complex enzyme liquor according to enzyme activity than carrying out the composite of proenzyme liquid, be different from the past and carried out composite convention by the enzyme quality, help the efficient utilization of enzyme liquid; The affirmation of the described complex enzyme proportioning of step (2); Measure early stage such as the kind and the content thereof of pectin, cellulose, hemicellulose etc. in the lotus seeds kind skin; According to the chemical constitution of main chemical composition of lotus seeds kind skin and constituent thereof, carry out the proportioning of complex enzyme by a certain percentage.The best proportioning of various single creature enzymes is specifically confirmed according to the chemical composition of pectin and hemicellulose in the lotus seeds kind skin in the complex enzyme liquid.Draining of back lotus seeds handled in the described enzymolysis decortication of step (3), helps the recovery of enzyme liquid or the utilization again of complex enzyme liquid; The described flowing water flushing of step (4) gets final product with common current, presses effect better a little.
The present invention is raw material with lotus seeds, and emerge in worm water makes kind of soft and soggyization, forms slight void; Be convenient to complex enzyme liquid and plant contacting of skin component pectin and hemicellulose, help the enzymolysis processing of kind of skin, wherein; The pectinesterase hydrolase can make methyl esters hydrolysis in kind of the follicarpium glue, generates pectic acid; The pectin polygalacturonase can make α-1,4 key decomposition in kind of follicarpium glue or the pectic acid, and generate galacturonic acid, and promotion is planted the cracking of skin composition and sloughed from lotus seeds.Comparative study is found, handles with 0.10 mol sodium hydroxide solution, though peeling speed is fast; Get final product about 10 min, but lotus seeds shelling damaged part is brown, the lotus seeds case depth is satiny; Product sensory and profile thereof are not good, and after decortication was handled, sodium hydroxide solution was dark brown; Complex enzyme liquid enzymolysis processing is suitable with the peeling institute time-consuming of handling with 0.01 mol sodium hydroxide solution; Be about 50 min; Yet also there is brown stain in the lotus seeds shelling damaged part of handling through 0.01 mol sodium hydroxide solution, and also there is soapy feeling in the lotus seeds surface; Product sensory and profile thereof are better slightly than the lotus seeds of handling through 0.10 mol sodium hydroxide solution; But still realization resembles with wrinkle to have brown stain, and decortication back sodium hydroxide solution is bronzing, and lotus seeds color and luster and local flavor all have influence in various degree; And after complex enzyme liquid enzymolysis processing, lotus seeds product sensory and profile thereof all do not have bad variation, the taste and color homogeneous.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1. the inventive method adopts modern enzyme engineering technology to solve key technical problems such as the material loss that traditional machine barking causes is big, production efficiency is low, mechanical wear is big; Protected pulp to greatest extent; Reduce the lotus seeds proportion of goods damageds, improved raw material availability; Simultaneously, remove the disposal cost of mill skin accessory substance from, reduced production cost.
The inventive method adopt that modern enzyme engineering technology has solved that traditional Product Safety that the dipping by lye method caused is low, problem such as unstable product quality and environmental pollution; Destruction to nutritious lotus seed is worth is little; Not only keep original color and luster of lotus seeds and local flavor, and reduced environmental pollution.
3. complex enzyme barking method treatment conditions of the present invention are gentle, and original form, flavor substance and the nutritional labeling of lotus seeds pulp are all kept preferably, and the color and luster of product is good, be of high nutritive value, and improved the yield and the presentation quality of product.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Dry lotus seeds 10 kg, in 45 ℃ of water of 50 L, soak 1 h after, during slowly stir, (enzyme lives 4 * 10 to add the pectin polygalacturonase
4U/g) 0.50 kg, (enzyme lives 4 * 10 to the pectinesterase hydrolase
4U/g) (enzyme lives 4 * 10 for 0.25 kg and hemicellulase
4U/g) 0.25 kg regulates pH to 4.5 with the hydrochloric acid of 0.10 mol and 0.10 mol NaOH, 45 ℃ of constant temperature enzymolysis 45 min, during slowly stir, the flowing water flushing removes lotus seeds kind skin, promptly gets and removes the peel lotus seeds.Peeling lotus seeds profile does not have bad variation, the color and luster homogeneous.
Embodiment 2:
Dry lotus seeds 10 kg behind immersion 1 h, add in soaked in water by pectin polygalacturonase (enzyme alive 4 * 10 in 50 ℃ of water of 50 L
4U/g) 0.50 kg, (enzyme lives 4 * 10 to the pectinesterase hydrolase
4U/g) (enzyme lives 4 * 10 for 0.20 kg and hemicellulase
4U/g) the formulated complex enzyme liquid of 0.30 kg is transferred pH to 5.0 with the hydrochloric acid of 0.05 mol and 0.05 mol NaOH, 50 ℃ of constant temperature enzymolysis processing 56 min, during slowly stir, the running water flushing removes lotus seeds kind skin, promptly gets and removes the peel lotus seeds.Peeling lotus seeds profile does not have bad variation, the color and luster homogeneous.
Embodiment 3:
Dry lotus seeds 10 kg behind immersion 1 h, add in soaked in water by pectin polygalacturonase (enzyme alive 4 * 10 in 40 ℃ of water of 50 L
4U/g) 0.30 kg, (enzyme lives 4 * 10 to the pectinesterase hydrolase
4U/g) (enzyme lives 4 * 10 for 0.20 kg and hemicellulase
4U/g) the formulated complex enzyme liquid of 0.20 kg is regulated pH to 4.5, constant temperature enzymolysis processing 65 min under 40 ℃ of conditions with the hydrochloric acid and the 0.10 mol NaOH of 0.10 mol; Slowly stir during this time; After enzymolysis was intact, the running water flushing removed kind of a skin, promptly gets and removes the peel lotus seeds.Peeling lotus seeds profile does not have bad variation, the color and luster homogeneous.
Claims (8)
1. one kind removes the method for lotus seeds kind skin with biological complex enzyme, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) shelling lotus seeds preliminary treatment: place 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃ water-baths to soak 1 h ~ 2 h by the mass volume ratio of 1:4 ~ 6 lotus seeds that will shells, and stirring, must the lotus seeds immersion mixture, wherein liquid partly is the lotus seeds soak;
(2) complex enzyme liquid enzymolysis processing: add in above-mentioned lotus seeds immersion mixture that to account for above-mentioned lotus seeds soak mass fraction be 1% ~ 3% complex enzyme liquid, stir, soak 40 min ~ 90 min in 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃ constant temperature; The preparation method of said complex enzyme liquid is: earlier with the pectin polygalacturonase: the enzyme activity ratio of pectinesterase hydrolase is 1 ~ 3:1 preparation pectase stoste; Enzyme activity ratio with pectase stoste and hemicellulase is 2 ~ 4:1 preparation complex enzyme stoste again; Transfer pH value to 4 ~ 5 of complex enzyme stoste again; Stir, get complex enzyme liquid;
(3) draining;
(4) flowing water flushing: lotus seeds kind skin is removed in the flushing back in flowing water, promptly gets and removes the peel lotus seeds.
2. remove the method for lotus seeds kind skin according to claim 1 is said with biological complex enzyme, it is characterized in that the said shelling lotus seeds of step (1) soak 1 h in 45 ℃ of water-baths.
3. according to claim 1 or the 2 said methods that remove lotus seeds kind skin with biological complex enzyme; It is characterized in that the preparation method of the said complex enzyme liquid of step (2) is: earlier with the pectin polygalacturonase: the enzyme activity of pectinesterase hydrolase is than be that 1.5:1 prepares pectase stoste, and the enzyme activity ratio with pectase stoste and hemicellulase is that 3:1 prepares complex enzyme stoste again; Transfer pH value to 4 ~ 5 of complex enzyme stoste again; Stir, get complex enzyme liquid, for use in 0 ℃ ~ 4 ℃ refrigerations.
4. saidly remove the method for lotus seeds kind skin according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that step (2) is with the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.01 ~ 0.10 mol or the sodium hydroxide solution adjust pH of 0.01 ~ 0.10 mol with biological complex enzyme.
5. the method that removes lotus seeds kind skin with biological complex enzyme according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that; The said complex enzyme liquid of step (2) enzymolysis processing is: add that to account for lotus seeds soak mass fraction be 2% complex enzyme liquid; Stir, 45 ℃ of constant temperature soak 50 min, and the pH of control complex enzyme liquid is 4.5.
6. saidly remove the method for lotus seeds kind skin according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that with biological complex enzyme, among the preparation method of the said complex enzyme liquid of step (2) by enzyme activity than carrying out the composite of proenzyme liquid.
7. saidly remove the method for lotus seeds kind skin according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the described flowing water flushing of step (4) is pressure flush with biological complex enzyme.
8. saidly remove the method for lotus seeds kind skin according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that said lotus seeds are Hunan lotus seeds with biological complex enzyme.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103340453A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-10-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for producing low-sugar low-fat lotus paste through enzymolysis processing |
| CN103720008A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 长沙理工大学 | Method of removing husks of dry lotus seeds without damaging lotus pulp |
| CN104046506A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-17 | 长沙理工大学 | Technology for removing seed coat from camellia seed by employing biological enzyme method |
| CN104172413A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-03 | 陕西天玉实业有限公司 | Preparation method of walnut polypeptide beverage |
| CN104432423A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-03-25 | 海南省农业科学院农产品加工设计研究所 | Color protecting method applied to quick pepper decrustation conducted with biological enzyme method |
| CN106617162A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 蚌埠市众星蔬果科技专业合作社联合社 | Potato peeling method |
| CN110862460A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-06 | 山东省鲁洲食品集团有限公司 | Method for extracting corn starch by multi-enzyme synergistic soaking |
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| CN101263925A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2008-09-17 | 郑为东 | Method for peeling fresh lotus |
| CN102551120A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for removing inner skin of Chinese chestnut |
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2012
- 2012-09-10 CN CN201210331550.2A patent/CN102823922B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101263925A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2008-09-17 | 郑为东 | Method for peeling fresh lotus |
| CN102551120A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for removing inner skin of Chinese chestnut |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104046506A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-17 | 长沙理工大学 | Technology for removing seed coat from camellia seed by employing biological enzyme method |
| CN103340453A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-10-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for producing low-sugar low-fat lotus paste through enzymolysis processing |
| CN103340453B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2014-10-29 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for producing low-sugar low-fat lotus paste through enzymolysis processing |
| CN103720008A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 长沙理工大学 | Method of removing husks of dry lotus seeds without damaging lotus pulp |
| CN104172413A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-03 | 陕西天玉实业有限公司 | Preparation method of walnut polypeptide beverage |
| CN104432423A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-03-25 | 海南省农业科学院农产品加工设计研究所 | Color protecting method applied to quick pepper decrustation conducted with biological enzyme method |
| CN106617162A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 蚌埠市众星蔬果科技专业合作社联合社 | Potato peeling method |
| CN110862460A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-06 | 山东省鲁洲食品集团有限公司 | Method for extracting corn starch by multi-enzyme synergistic soaking |
| CN110862460B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2022-01-28 | 山东省鲁洲食品集团有限公司 | Method for extracting corn starch by multi-enzyme synergistic soaking |
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