CN102823922B - Method for removing lotus seed husks by using biological compound enzyme - Google Patents
Method for removing lotus seed husks by using biological compound enzyme Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing lotus seed husks by using biological compound enzyme. The method comprises the steps as follows: (1) pretreatment on unshelled lotus seeds by soaking in warm water: soaking the unshelled lotus seeds in water bath of 40 DEG C to 50 DEG C for 1h to 2h, and agitating to obtain a soaked lotus seed mixture, wherein the liquid part is of lotus seed soaking solution; (2) compound enzyme solution enzymolysis treatment: adding a compound enzyme solution account for 1 to 3% of the lotus seed soaking solution by mass percent, agitating, soaking for 40 min to 90 min at constant temperature of 40 DEG C to 50 DEG C; (3) leachating; and (4) rinsing with running water. The method solves the key technical problems that the traditional machine for grinding the lotus seed husks has the defects of high loss (about 20%) of raw materials, large mechanical abrasion, low production efficiency (consuming 12min for each 10kg), serious dust pollution and the like. In addition, the method also solves the key technical problems of low product safety, instable product quality, environment pollution and the like caused by soaking the lotus seed husks in alkali liquor for husking. The obtained product is safe in edible quality, and pure and stable in flavor and color.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lotus seeds peeling method, be specifically related to a kind of method that removes lotus seeds kind skin with biological complex enzyme.
Background technology
Lotus (
nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) be aquatic herbaceous plant for many years, it is China's special product, lotus seeds are the all-ages excellent tonic products of generally acknowledging, have the effect of tonifying spleen antidiarrheal, the puckery essence of kidney-nourishing, mental-tranquilization, brain tonic and intelligence development, more suitable for person in middle and old age's human body void, insomnia, poor appetite and cancer patient.The medical value of lotus seeds and edibility are all very high, but lotus shell and the removal of kind skin are the primary prerequisites of lotus seeds processing, the removal of lotus shell, and current all multiple enterprises are used hulling machine mostly, energy consumption and material loss are not all very large, yet, plant skin and remove, comparatively speaking, method is numerous, and effect is different.The method of lotus seeds peeling at present mainly contains three kinds: Mechanical Method, Physical, chemical method.Mechanical Method, is used simple and easy emery wheel decorticating mill, and its peeling is comparatively clean, but raw material damage is large, and the proportion of goods damageds reach 20%, and production capacity is low, and 10 kg lotus seeds approximately need 12 min; Physical generally adopts blanching method, with 90 ℃ of hot water, carries out blanching peeling, and this method is better for the good lotus seeds decortication effect of maturity, and the poor peeling of maturity is more difficult; Chemical method generally adopts the peeling of thermokalite water soaking, and product appearance and edible quality are existed to very large harmful effect.Above method or decortication effect are unstable, maybe can itself cause compared with macrolesion lotus seeds pulp, or peeling inefficiency, or high expensive.Therefore, exploitation guarantees that the green decortication process technology of lotus seeds product quality is very urgent, significant, and market application foreground is good.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, obtain that product cating quality safety, material loss are few, local flavor and the pure stable decortication white lotus of color and luster, the present invention proposes a kind of lotus seeds peeling method, its production technology environmental protection, safe, efficient, simple and convenient.
Technology path of the present invention is: determine → shelling lotus seeds → emerge in worm water processing → constant temperature stirring → lotus seeds of shelling lotus seeds kind skin chemical composition soak enzymolysis processing → constant temperature stirring → draining → flowing water and rinse → remove the peel lotus seeds.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A method that removes lotus seeds kind skin with biological complex enzyme, comprises the following steps:
(1) shelling lotus seeds pretreatment: by the mass volume ratio of 1:4 ~ 6, shelling lotus seeds are placed in to 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃ water-baths and soak 1 h ~ 2 h, and stir, obtain lotus seeds immersion mixture, wherein liquid is partly lotus seeds soak;
(2) complex enzyme liquid enzymolysis processing: add and account for the complex enzyme liquid that above-mentioned lotus seeds soak mass fraction is 1% ~ 3% in above-mentioned lotus seeds immersion mixture, stir, soak 40 min ~ 90 min in 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃ constant temperature; The preparation method of described complex enzyme liquid is: first take polygalacturonase: the enzyme activity ratio of pectinesterase hydrolase is 1 ~ 3:1 preparation pectase stoste, the pectase stoste of take is again 2 ~ 4:1 preparation complex enzyme stoste with the enzyme activity ratio of hemicellulase, adjust again pH value to 4 ~ 5 of complex enzyme stoste, stir, obtain complex enzyme liquid;
(3) draining;
(4) flowing water rinses: after rinsing, remove lotus seeds kind skin in flowing water, obtain peeling lotus seeds.
Wherein, the described shelling lotus seeds of step (1) are preferable in 45 ℃ of water-baths and soak 1 h.
The preparation method of the described complex enzyme liquid of step (2) is preferably: first take polygalacturonase: the enzyme activity of pectinesterase hydrolase is than preparing pectase stoste for 1.5:1, the pectase stoste of take is again 3:1 preparation complex enzyme stoste with the enzyme activity ratio of hemicellulase, adjust again pH value to 4 ~ 5 of complex enzyme stoste, stir, obtain complex enzyme liquid, stand-by in 0 ℃ ~ 4 ℃ refrigerations.
In the described complex enzyme liquid of step (2) manufacturing process by enzyme activity than carrying out the composite of proenzyme liquid.
Step (2) is preferably used the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.01 ~ 0.10 mol/L or the sodium hydroxide solution adjust pH of 0.01 ~ 0.10 mol/L.
The described complex enzyme liquid of step (2) enzymolysis processing is preferably: add and to account for the complex enzyme liquid that lotus seeds soak mass fraction is 2%, stir, 45 ℃ of constant temperature soak 50 min, and the pH that controls complex enzyme liquid is 4.5.
The described flowing water of step (4) rinses and is preferably pressure flush.
Described lotus seeds are preferably Hunan lotus seeds.
Below the present invention will be further explained:
The shelling lotus seeds emerge in worm water pretreatment that step (1) is described, purport is implemented to infiltrate to lotus seeds with the best hydrolysis temperature by complex enzyme liquid, shortens the complex enzyme liquid processing time, specifically processes the water yield and is advisable with the whole lotus seeds products of submergence; Step (2) described by the preparation process of complex enzyme liquor according to enzyme activity than carrying out the composite of proenzyme liquid, be different from the past and carried out composite convention by enzyme quality, be conducive to the efficient utilization of enzyme liquid; The confirmation of the complex enzyme proportioning that step (2) is described, measure early stage such as kind and the content thereof of pectin, cellulose, hemicellulose etc. in lotus seeds kind skin, according to the chemical constitution of the main chemical composition of lotus seeds kind skin and constituent thereof, carry out by a certain percentage the proportioning of complex enzyme.In complex enzyme liquid, the best proportioning of various single creature enzymes is specifically determined according to the chemical composition of pectin and hemicellulose in lotus seeds kind skin.Draining of rear lotus seeds processed in the described enzymolysis decortication of step (3), is conducive to the recovery of enzyme liquid or the recycling of complex enzyme liquid; The described flowing water of step (4) rinses, and with common current, presses a little effect better.
The present invention be take lotus seeds as raw material, and emerge in worm water makes kind of soft and soggyization, forms slight void, be convenient to complex enzyme liquid and plant contacting of skin component pectin and hemicellulose, being conducive to the enzymolysis processing of kind of skin, wherein, pectinesterase hydrolase, can make methyl esters hydrolysis in kind of follicarpium glue, generates pectic acid; Polygalacturonase, can make α-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae key in kind of follicarpium glue or pectic acid decompose, and generate galacturonic acid, promotes kind of the cracking of skin composition and sloughs from lotus seeds.Comparative study is found, processes, though peeling speed is fast with 0.10 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, 10 min left and right, but lotus seeds shelling damaged part is brown, and lotus seeds case depth is satiny, product sensory and profile thereof are not good, and after decortication is processed, sodium hydroxide solution is dark brown; Complex enzyme liquid enzymolysis processing is suitable with the peeling spent time of processing with 0.01 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, be 50 min left and right, yet, also there is brown stain in the lotus seeds shelling damaged part of processing through 0.01 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, also there is soapy feeling in lotus seeds surface, product sensory and profile thereof are slightly better than the lotus seeds of processing through 0.10 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, but still exist brown stain and wrinkle realization to resemble, after decortication, sodium hydroxide solution is bronzing, and lotus seeds color and luster and local flavor all have impact in various degree; And after complex enzyme liquid enzymolysis processing, lotus seeds product sensory and profile thereof be all without disadvantageous changes, taste and color homogeneous.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1. the inventive method adopts modern enzyme engineering technology to solve the key technical problems such as the material loss that traditional machine barking causes is large, production efficiency is low, mechanical wear is large, protected to greatest extent pulp, reduce the lotus seeds proportion of goods damageds, improved raw material availability; Meanwhile, remove the disposal cost of mill skin accessory substance from, reduced production cost.
The inventive method adopt that modern enzyme engineering technology has solved that the Product Safety that traditional dipping by lye method causes is low, the problem such as unstable product quality and environmental pollution, the destruction that nutritious lotus seed is worth is little, not only keep the original color and luster of lotus seeds and local flavor, and reduced environmental pollution.
3. complex enzyme barking method treatment conditions of the present invention are gentle, and original form, flavor substance and the nutritional labeling of lotus seeds pulp are all kept preferably, and the color and luster of product is good, be of high nutritive value, and improved yield and the presentation quality of product.
the specific embodiment:
embodiment 1:
Dry lotus seeds 10 kg soak after 1 h in 45 ℃ of water of 50 L, during slowly stir, (enzyme lives 4 * 10 to add polygalacturonase
4u/g) 0.50 kg, (enzyme lives 4 * 10 to pectinesterase hydrolase
4u/g) (enzyme lives 4 * 10 for 0.25 kg and hemicellulase
4u/g) 0.25 kg, regulates pH to 4.5 with the hydrochloric acid of 0.10 mol/L and 0.10 mol/L NaOH, 45 ℃ of constant temperature enzymolysis 45 min, during slowly stir, flowing water rinses and removes lotus seeds kind skin, obtains peeling lotus seeds.Remove the peel lotus seeds profile without disadvantageous changes, color and luster homogeneous.
embodiment 2:
Dry lotus seeds 10 kg soak after 1 h in 50 ℃ of water of 50 L, add by polygalacturonase (enzyme alive 4 * 10 in soaking water
4u/g) 0.50 kg, (enzyme lives 4 * 10 to pectinesterase hydrolase
4u/g) (enzyme lives 4 * 10 for 0.20 kg and hemicellulase
4u/g) the formulated complex enzyme liquid of 0.30 kg, adjusts pH to 5.0 with the hydrochloric acid of 0.05 mol/L and 0.05 mol/L NaOH, 50 ℃ of constant temperature enzymolysis processing 56 min, during slowly stir, running water rinses and removes lotus seeds kind skin, obtains peeling lotus seeds.Remove the peel lotus seeds profile without disadvantageous changes, color and luster homogeneous.
embodiment 3:
Dry lotus seeds 10 kg soak after 1 h in 40 ℃ of water of 50 L, add by polygalacturonase (enzyme alive 4 * 10 in soaking water
4u/g) 0.30 kg, (enzyme lives 4 * 10 to pectinesterase hydrolase
4u/g) (enzyme lives 4 * 10 for 0.20 kg and hemicellulase
4u/g) the formulated complex enzyme liquid of 0.20 kg, regulates pH to 4.5, constant temperature enzymolysis processing 65 min under 40 ℃ of conditions with hydrochloric acid and the 0.10 mol/L NaOH of 0.10 mol/L, slowly stir during this time, after enzymolysis is complete, running water rinses and removes kind of a skin, obtains peeling lotus seeds.Remove the peel lotus seeds profile without disadvantageous changes, color and luster homogeneous.
Claims (7)
1. with biological complex enzyme, remove a method for lotus seeds kind skin, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) shelling lotus seeds pretreatment: by the mass volume ratio of 1:4 ~ 6, shelling lotus seeds are placed in to 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃ water-baths and soak 1 h ~ 2 h, and stir, obtain lotus seeds immersion mixture, wherein liquid is partly lotus seeds soak; Described lotus seeds are dry lotus;
(2) complex enzyme liquid enzymolysis processing: add and account for the complex enzyme liquid that above-mentioned lotus seeds soak mass fraction is 1% ~ 3% in above-mentioned lotus seeds immersion mixture, stir, soak 40 min ~ 90 min in 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃ constant temperature; The preparation method of described complex enzyme liquid is: first take polygalacturonase: the enzyme activity ratio of pectinesterase hydrolase is 1 ~ 3:1 preparation pectase stoste, the pectase stoste of take is again 2 ~ 4:1 preparation complex enzyme stoste with the enzyme activity ratio of hemicellulase, adjust again pH value to 4 ~ 5 of complex enzyme stoste, stir, obtain complex enzyme liquid;
(3) draining;
(4) flowing water rinses: after rinsing, remove lotus seeds kind skin in flowing water, obtain peeling lotus seeds.
2. with biological complex enzyme, remove according to claim 1 the method for lotus seeds kind skin, it is characterized in that, the described shelling lotus seeds of step (1) soak 1 h in 45 ℃ of water-baths.
3. according to remove the method for lotus seeds kind skin described in claim 1 or 2 with biological complex enzyme, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of the described complex enzyme liquid of step (2) is: by enzyme activity than carrying out the composite of proenzyme liquid, first take polygalacturonase: the enzyme activity of pectinesterase hydrolase is than preparing pectase stoste for 1.5:1, the pectase stoste of take is again 3:1 preparation complex enzyme stoste with the enzyme activity ratio of hemicellulase, adjust again pH value to 4 ~ 5 of complex enzyme stoste, stir, obtain complex enzyme liquid, stand-by in 0 ℃ ~ 4 ℃ refrigerations.
4. according to remove the method for lotus seeds kind skin described in claim 1 or 2 with biological complex enzyme, it is characterized in that the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.01 ~ 0.10 mol/L or the sodium hydroxide solution adjust pH of 0.01 ~ 0.10 mol/L for step (2).
5. the method that removes lotus seeds kind skin with biological complex enzyme according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the described complex enzyme liquid of step (2) enzymolysis processing is: add and account for the complex enzyme liquid that lotus seeds soak mass fraction is 2%, stir, 45 ℃ of constant temperature soak 50 min, and the pH that controls complex enzyme liquid is 4.5.
6. according to remove the method for lotus seeds kind skin described in claim 1 or 2 with biological complex enzyme, it is characterized in that, the described flowing water of step (4) rinses as pressure flush.
7. according to remove the method for lotus seeds kind skin described in claim 1 or 2 with biological complex enzyme, it is characterized in that, described lotus seeds are Hunan lotus seeds.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104046506A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-17 | 长沙理工大学 | Technology for removing seed coat from camellia seed by employing biological enzyme method |
| CN103340453B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2014-10-29 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for producing low-sugar low-fat lotus paste through enzymolysis processing |
| CN103720008B (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-08-12 | 长沙理工大学 | Method for removing dry lotus seed coats without damaging lotus meat |
| CN104172413B (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2015-10-07 | 陕西天玉实业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of walnut polypeptide beverage |
| CN104432423B (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2017-02-01 | 海南省农业科学院农产品加工设计研究所 | Color protecting method applied to quick pepper decrustation conducted with biological enzyme method |
| CN106617162A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 蚌埠市众星蔬果科技专业合作社联合社 | Potato peeling method |
| CN110862460B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2022-01-28 | 山东省鲁洲食品集团有限公司 | Method for extracting corn starch by multi-enzyme synergistic soaking |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101263925A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2008-09-17 | 郑为东 | Method for peeling fresh lotus |
| CN102551120A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for removing inner skin of Chinese chestnut |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101263925A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2008-09-17 | 郑为东 | Method for peeling fresh lotus |
| CN102551120A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for removing inner skin of Chinese chestnut |
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