CN102820805B - Piezoelectric and electromagnetic combined micro-energy resource device - Google Patents
Piezoelectric and electromagnetic combined micro-energy resource device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102820805B CN102820805B CN201210306517.4A CN201210306517A CN102820805B CN 102820805 B CN102820805 B CN 102820805B CN 201210306517 A CN201210306517 A CN 201210306517A CN 102820805 B CN102820805 B CN 102820805B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a piezoelectric and electromagnetic combined micro-energy resource device. Mass blocks in existing devices cannot generate electricity and can lower output power density. The device comprises a base, a piezoelectric power generation set and a magnetic power generation set. The piezoelectric power generation set comprises a substrate, piezoelectric patches are arranged on two faces of the substrate and coated with metal electrode layers, the magnetic power generation set comprises an iron core and a magnet, an enamelled wire is wound outside the iron core, one of the iron core and the magnet is fixed on a lower surface of a free end of the substrate, the rest one of the iron core and the magnet is arranged on the horizontal base in pair, the piezoelectric power generation set generates electricity by bending the piezoelectric patches, and the magnetic power generation set generates electricity by cutting magnetic wires. On the basis of taking full consideration on the structure of a piezoelectric micro-energy resource device, an electromagnetic micro-energy resource device is combined on the piezoelectric micro-energy resource device, so that the piezoelectric and electromagnetic combined micro-energy resource device can generate electricity by the mass blocks and improve the output power density.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of piezoelectricity, relate to the micro-energy source device of a kind of piezoelectricity electromagnetism combined type, specifically a kind of device providing the energy to the various Embedded micro-systems such as sensor-based system, actuating system, intelligent system.
Background technology
Micro-energy source device is a kind of vibrational energy by automatically gathering in environment, the device of supply electronic circuit energy, can be used for the biology sensor of implant into body, is placed in the distributed sensor system etc. of the tire pressure monitoring system of automobile tire inside, factory's motor.The vibrational energy of environment is utilized to come, to micro-energy source device of system power supply, to have the time-independent feature of output power density relative to traditional lithium battery, as: use 1 year, the decline output power density of energy source device of piezoelectricity is 250 μ W/ cm
3, the decline output power density of energy source device of electromagnetism is 10 μ W/cm
3, the output power density of rechargeable lithium ion batteries is not 45 μ W/ cm
3; Use 10 years, the output power density of piezoelectric micromotor energy source device is still 250 μ W/ cm
3, the decline output power density of energy source device of electromagnetism is still 10 μ W/cm
3, the output power density of not chargeable Li ion battery is then 35 μ W/ cm
3.Therefrom can find out, the output power density passing in time of lithium ion battery, can reduce.Gather ambient vibration can micro-energy source device then can not, simultaneously decline the output power density of energy source device for the highest with piezoelectricity.The current piezoelectricity energy source device that declines mostly is suspension beam structure, usually arranges mass, to reduce its frequency on overarm top.But mass itself does not generate electricity, output power density can be reduced.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art exactly, provides a kind of micro-energy source device of piezoelectricity electromagnetism combined type of high-output power density, is adapted at using in the systems such as biology sensor, tire pressure monitoring, electric machines test.
The present invention includes pedestal, piezo-electric generating group and magnetic generating set.
The cross section of described pedestal is L shape, comprises horizontal base and is vertically arranged on the piezo-electric generating group mount pad on horizontal base.
Described piezo-electric generating group comprises substrate, piezoelectric patches and metal electrode layer, and the stiff end of substrate is fixedly installed on piezo-electric generating group mount pad, free end is unsettled; Described substrate is the sheet metal of strip, adopts elastic metallic material; The two sides of substrate is respectively arranged with piezoelectric patches, and the one side of piezoelectric patches is fixedly connected with substrate, and another side is covered with metal electrode layer; Metal electrode layer is connected with piezo-electric generating group positive wire, substrate is connected with piezo-electric generating group negative wire.
Described magnetic generating set comprises iron core and magnet, is tied with enamelled wire outside iron core, and two of enamelled wire is connected to magnetic generating set positive wire and magnetic generating set negative wire; Magnetic generating set positive wire is connected with piezo-electric generating group positive wire, as the positive wire of micro-energy source device; Magnetic generating set negative wire is connected with piezo-electric generating group negative wire, as the negative wire of micro-energy source device.
Described iron core or magnet are fixedly installed on the lower surface of substrate free end; If iron core is fixed on substrate, two magnet are fixedly installed on horizontal base, and two magnet divide and are located at the both sides of iron core in horizontal base projection, and when iron core runs to minimum, the coil on iron core is between two magnet completely; If magnet is fixed on substrate, two iron cores are fixedly installed on horizontal base, and two iron cores divide and are located at the both sides of magnet in horizontal base projection, and when magnet runs to minimum, magnet is between the coil on two iron cores completely.
The material of described substrate is phosphor bronze, and the material of described piezoelectric patches is doped PZT pottery or ZnO or AlN or PVDF.
During work, the free end of substrate moves up and down when stressed or resonance, and the piezoelectric patches of piezo-electric generating group bends deformation, produces electric charge; Magnetic generating set is generated electricity by cutting magnetic line simultaneously; Be arranged on the iron core of substrate free end or magnet as the mass of piezo-electric generating group, add piezoelectric patches degree of crook.
The present invention is taking into full account that piezoelectricity declines on the basis of energy source device structure, proposes composite electromagnetic on piezoelectricity declines energy source device and to decline energy source device, make micro-energy source device that mass itself also generates electricity, improve the output power density of device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the side structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the Facad structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the side structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the Facad structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the micro-energy source device of piezoelectricity electromagnetism combined type comprises pedestal, piezo-electric generating group and magnetic generating set.
The cross section of pedestal is L shape, comprises horizontal base 1-1 and is vertically arranged on the piezo-electric generating group mount pad 1-2 of 1-1 on horizontal base.
Piezo-electric generating group comprises substrate 2, piezoelectric patches and metal electrode layer, and the stiff end of substrate 2 is fixedly installed on piezo-electric generating group mount pad 1-2, free end is unsettled.Substrate is the sheet metal of strip, adopts elastic metallic material, as phosphor bronze material.The two sides of substrate is respectively arranged with piezoelectric patches 3-1 and 3-2, and piezoelectric patches adopts doped PZT material, and one side is fixedly connected with substrate 2, and another side is covered with metal electrode layer 4-1 and 4-2 respectively.Metal electrode layer 4-1 and 4-2 is connected with piezo-electric generating group positive wire, substrate 2 is connected with piezo-electric generating group negative wire.
Magnetic generating set comprises iron core 5 and magnet 7, is tied with enamelled wire 6 outside iron core 5, and two of enamelled wire is connected to magnetic generating set positive wire and magnetic generating set negative wire; Magnetic generating set positive wire is connected with piezo-electric generating group positive wire, as the positive wire of micro-energy source device; Magnetic generating set negative wire is connected with piezo-electric generating group negative wire, as the negative wire of micro-energy source device.
Iron core 5 adopts one piece, is fixedly installed on the lower surface of substrate 2 free end; Magnet adopts two, be fixedly installed on horizontal base 1-1 respectively, and two magnet 7-1 and 7-2 divide and are located at the both sides of iron core 5 in horizontal base 1-1 projection, when iron core runs to minimum, the coil that the enamelled wire 6 on iron core 5 is formed is between two magnet 7-1 and 7-2 completely.
Embodiment 2.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the micro-energy source device of piezoelectricity electromagnetism combined type comprises pedestal, piezo-electric generating group and magnetic generating set.
The cross section of pedestal is L shape, comprises horizontal base 1-1 and is vertically arranged on the piezo-electric generating group mount pad 1-2 of 1-1 on horizontal base.
Piezo-electric generating group comprises substrate 2, piezoelectric patches and metal electrode layer, and the stiff end of substrate 2 is fixedly installed on piezo-electric generating group mount pad 1-2, free end is unsettled.Substrate is the sheet metal of strip, adopts elastic metallic material, as phosphor bronze material.The two sides of substrate is respectively arranged with piezoelectric patches 3-1 and 3-2, and piezoelectric patches adopts doped PZT material, and one side is fixedly connected with substrate 2, and another side is covered with metal electrode layer 4-1 and 4-2 respectively.Metal electrode layer 4-1 and 4-2 is connected with piezo-electric generating group positive wire, substrate 2 is connected with piezo-electric generating group negative wire.
Magnetic generating set comprises iron core 5 and magnet 7, is tied with enamelled wire 6 outside iron core 5, and two of enamelled wire is connected to magnetic generating set positive wire and magnetic generating set negative wire; Magnetic generating set positive wire is connected with piezo-electric generating group positive wire, as the positive wire of micro-energy source device; Magnetic generating set negative wire is connected with piezo-electric generating group negative wire, as the negative wire of micro-energy source device.
Magnet 7 adopts one, is fixedly installed on the lower surface of substrate 2 free end; Iron core adopts two pieces, be fixedly installed on horizontal base 1-1 respectively, and two iron core 5-1 and 5-2 divide and are located at the both sides of magnet 7 in horizontal base 1-1 projection, when magnet 7 runs to minimum, magnet 7 is between the coil that enamelled wire 6-1 and 6-2 on two iron core 5-1 and 5-2 form completely.
In embodiment 1 and 2, the ratio of the length of substrate, width, thickness is a:b:c=20 ~ 40:5:1; Piezoelectric patches is d:e=2:2.2 ~ 3.5 with the length ratio of substrate, and Thickness Ratio is f:g=2 ~ 4:1; The ratio of magnet to the width of the same iron-core coil of distance (or magnet) of (or iron core to) is x:y=1:0.98.The height of magnet and the aspect ratio of iron-core coil are z:w=1:1.
Operation principle of the present invention and the course of work:
For the piezoelectric electro magnetic-type compound micro-energy device in the present invention, the amount of deflection W of its free end should meet following relational expression with between free end applied force F:
Wherein EI is equivalent bending stiffness.
Definition stiffness coefficient Ku
Consider that equivalent bending stiffness EI is:
Wherein Ep is piezoelectric layer modulus of elasticity, and Em is substrate modulus of elasticity, and b is width, and tp is piezoelectric layer thickness, and tm is substrate thickness.
Can show that stiffness coefficient with the functional relation of size is by above three formulas:
Consider that the expression formula of frequency is:
Then when considering frequency and rigidity, the size of piezoelectric layer and substrate can be determined.
Meanwhile, consider that piezoelectric micromotor energy source electric generating device has based on d31 and d33 two kinds of patterns, the electric charge produced during its generating is described by following relational expression with between voltage:
Q=C
totalV
Total capacitance C
totalinclude piezoelectric layer intrinsic capacity C
0with piezoelectric response electric capacity C
e;
The peak power output of piezoelectric micromotor energy source electric generating device is:
R
0for intrinsic resistance;
For the piezoelectric micromotor energy source electric generating device based on d33 pattern, the intrinsic capacity C of its piezoelectric layer
0can be expressed as:
Wherein
for the thickness of piezoelectric layer,
for the dielectric constant of electricity electric capacity.
For electrode logarithm be n based on d33 call by pattern piezoelectric micromotor energy source electric generating device, the expression formula of its piezoelectric response electric capacity is:
Equally, for based on d33 call by pattern piezoelectric micromotor energy source electric generating device, the expression formula of its intrinsic resistance is:
And same, for the piezoelectric micromotor energy source electric generating device based on d31 pattern, the intrinsic capacity C of its piezoelectric layer
0can be expressed as:
the expression formula of its piezoelectric response electric capacity is:
The expression formula of its intrinsic resistance is:
Under the condition considering certain stiffness coefficient, the concrete size of substrate and piezoelectric layer can be obtained.
During work, substrate free end moves up and down when stressed or resonance, and the iron core being wound with enamelled wire is by the right magnetic field of magnet, and cutting magnetic line, will have alternating current to export in enamelled wire; Piezoceramics layer Bending Deformation, causes the change of piezoelectric ceramic surface bound charge simultaneously.Piezoelectric ceramic surface bound charge changes, and can cause the change of electric field, promotes the movement of free electron, and now piezoelectric ceramic two ends have the indefinite alternating current output of peak value.The alternating current of output is stored after rectification, filtering and can supply electronic installation.
Claims (2)
1. the micro-energy source device of piezoelectricity electromagnetism combined type, comprises pedestal, piezo-electric generating group and magnetic generating set, it is characterized in that:
The cross section of described pedestal is L shape, comprises horizontal base and is vertically arranged on the piezo-electric generating group mount pad on horizontal base;
Described piezo-electric generating group comprises substrate, piezoelectric patches and metal electrode layer, and the stiff end of substrate is fixedly installed on piezo-electric generating group mount pad, free end is unsettled; Described substrate is the sheet metal of strip, adopts elastic metallic material; The two sides of substrate is respectively arranged with piezoelectric patches, and the one side of piezoelectric patches is fixedly connected with substrate, and another side is covered with metal electrode layer; Metal electrode layer is connected with piezo-electric generating group positive wire, substrate is connected with piezo-electric generating group negative wire;
Described magnetic generating set comprises iron core and magnet, is tied with enamelled wire outside iron core, and two of enamelled wire is connected to magnetic generating set positive wire and magnetic generating set negative wire; Magnetic generating set positive wire is connected with piezo-electric generating group positive wire, as the positive wire of micro-energy source device; Magnetic generating set negative wire is connected with piezo-electric generating group negative wire, as the negative wire of micro-energy source device;
Described iron core or magnet are fixedly installed on the lower surface of substrate free end; If iron core is fixed on substrate, two magnet are fixedly installed on horizontal base, and two magnet divide and are located at the both sides of iron core in horizontal base projection, and when iron core runs to minimum, the coil on iron core is between two magnet completely; If magnet is fixed on substrate, two iron cores are fixedly installed on horizontal base, and two iron cores divide and are located at the both sides of magnet in horizontal base projection, and when magnet runs to minimum, magnet is between the coil on two iron cores completely.
2. the micro-energy source device of piezoelectricity electromagnetism combined type as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described substrate is phosphor bronze, and the material of described piezoelectric patches is doped PZT pottery or ZnO or AlN or PVDF.
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| CN103036477B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2015-04-29 | 北京大学 | Multi-modal combined type energy collector based on flexible polymer piezoelectric materials |
| CN108325831A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-07-27 | 新乡市东振机械制造有限公司 | A kind of vibrating screen being convenient for changing sieve |
| CN110336442A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-10-15 | 中北大学 | A kind of micro- energy resource collecting device of magnetoelectricity Piezoelectric anisotropy |
| CN110418244A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-05 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Electro-acoustic transducing device and the electronic equipment for applying it |
| CN112532105A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-19 | 西北工业大学 | Novel piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite energy capture structure based on tire deformation |
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