CN102818661B - Measurement method for differential vertical micro force measurement device - Google Patents
Measurement method for differential vertical micro force measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102818661B CN102818661B CN201210319457.XA CN201210319457A CN102818661B CN 102818661 B CN102818661 B CN 102818661B CN 201210319457 A CN201210319457 A CN 201210319457A CN 102818661 B CN102818661 B CN 102818661B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measurement method for a differential vertical micro force measurement device. The differential vertical micro force measurement device is characterized in that a primary fulcrum is set in the middle of a primary lever arranged horizontally; a pair of secondary levers are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the primary lever in the same vertical plane with the primary lever as a center; the respective side is connected with the primary lever through a primary transition rod; and the pair of secondary levers are respectively connected with a tertiary lever at the respective side through a secondary transition rod. The measurement method for the differential vertical micro force measurement device can provide support for a force measuring system for micro force values.
Description
The application is: 20110727, application number is: 2011102124594, denomination of invention is: the dividing an application of the application for a patent for invention of differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus and measuring method.
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of measuring technique, particularly a kind of measuring method of micro-force measuring apparatus.
Background technology
Along with the appearance of the development of modern science and technology and various new material, new product, the occasion that needs small power to measure is more and more.But the measuring system of micro-small value force is not also set up, up to the present, 10
-5measuring method micro-, that the super small value force of ox level of receiving can be traced to the source below newton is not also set up, and therefore developing a kind of easy to use, cheap micro-power value metrology and measurement instrument just seems particularly important to measure the small power of various occasions.At present micro-force measurement mainly contains pressure resistance type, condenser type, piezoelectric type etc., and pressure resistance type dynamometry is a kind of force measuring device that utilizes the piezoresistive effect of pressure drag material to prepare, but this method is easily subject to the impact of temperature; Condenser type is easily subject to the interference of electromagnetic field, and piezoelectric microcantilever beam type dynamometry cost is low, but operation inconvenience and range are less.
Flexure hinge mechanism is widely applied in fields such as precision measurement, demarcation at present, but about the variation of flexible hinge distortion, lever centre of gravity place and temperature on measuring and the impact of stated accuracy, also there is no good solution, and when micro-power is demarcated or measured, in order to obtain higher precision, must solve the impact that above several respects cause the demarcation of micro-power or measurement, the impact that gravity and temperature produce may be far longer than the maximum range that micro-power is demarcated or measured, and micro-power demarcation or measurement are produced to fatal impact.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for avoiding the existing weak point of above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of the meet requirement of certain measuring accuracy and the measuring method of differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus are cheaply provided, and is used for providing support for the dynamometric system of micro-small value force.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The measuring method of differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus of the present invention, is characterized in:
Described differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus is set is: the middle part at the one-level lever of horizontal positioned arranges one-level fulcrum, centered by described one-level fulcrum, in same perpendicular, a pair of second lever is in the both sides of one-level fulcrum for symmetrical minute, and connect by one-level transiting rod and one-level lever in a side separately, described a pair of second lever also connects by secondary transiting rod and three grades of levers of a side separately respectively mutually, wherein:
One end along continuous straight runs of described one-level lever forms free end through extension, the input end that the described free end of take is measured micro-power F1, and the restrain end of described one-level lever is connected to the bottom of one-level transiting rod by one-level flexible hinge at bar sidepiece; The top of described one-level transiting rod is connected to the inner sidepiece of bar of second lever by secondary flexible hinge;
Described second lever is horizontal positioned, and secondary fulcrum is positioned at the bar outer end sidepiece of second lever, between described secondary fulcrum and bar the inner of second lever, three grades of flexible hinges is set and second lever is connected to the bottom of secondary transiting rod; The top of described secondary transiting rod is connected to the bar outer end sidepiece of three grades of levers by level Four flexible hinge;
Described three grades of levers are horizontal positioned, three grades of lever bar the inners are output terminal, and described output terminal contacts with power sensor, and three grades of fulcrums are arranged on the middle part of three grades of levers, described three grades of fulcrums are arranged in long rails, and can be driven and be moved up and down in long rails by drive unit;
Middle part at described one-level transiting rod arranges one-level transiting rod balancing weight by the one-level cantilever connecting firmly, and makes the centre of gravity adjustment of one-level transiting rod to place, one-level flexible hinge position; Restrain end at described one-level lever arranges one-level lever balancing weight, makes the common centre of gravity adjustment of one-level lever and extension thereof, one-level transiting rod, one-level cantilever and one-level transiting rod balancing weight to the position of one-level fulcrum; Middle part at described secondary transiting rod arranges secondary transiting rod balancing weight by the secondary cantilever connecting firmly, and makes centre of gravity adjustment to the three grade place, flexible hinge position of secondary transiting rod; Place, bar outer end at described second lever arranges second lever balancing weight, makes the common centre of gravity adjustment of described second lever, secondary transiting rod, secondary cantilever and secondary transiting rod balancing weight to the position of secondary fulcrum; At three grades of fulcrums of described three grades of levers and the position between output terminal, three grades of lever balancing weights are set, make centre of gravity adjustment to the three grade place, fulcrum position of described three grades of levers.
The measuring method of described differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus is to realize in the following manner variate:
The power that the input end of definition one-level lever loads is 0 o'clock, and the position at each lever place is initial position;
At the input end of described one-level lever, load micro-power F1 of the vertical direction that needs measurement, each rod member produces skew, wherein a pair of three grades of levers produce contrary inclination around three grades of fulcrums separately, output terminal at a pair of three grades of levers produces contrary displacement, according to the size and Orientation of measured micro-power F1, with drive unit drive described a pair of three grades of fulcrums longitudinally track make accordingly and moving up and down, until a pair of level Four flexible hinge returns to initial position, thereby make other levers at different levels and transition lever except three grades of levers also return to corresponding initial position, and the relative displacement of the output terminal of a pair of three grades of levers further strengthens, the relative displacement producing by pair of output, power is delivered on power sensor, realize force measurement.
The feature of the measuring method of differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus of the present invention is also:
In differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus, at described one-level fulcrum, secondary fulcrum and place, three grades of fulcrum positions, one-level lever, two utmost point levers and three grades of levers are connected with pedestal by each supports flexible hinge respectively, described each supports flexible hinge is all suspended on pedestal, becomes consistent with gravity direction.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, the inventive method has been set up a kind of three grades of lever flexure hinge mechanisms based on flexible hinge and lever principle, the vertical micro-power that can measure is amplified, its simple in structure, easy processing and manufacturing, and the application of flexible hinge reduced the friction link in system, improved measuring accuracy.
2, three grades of lever flexure hinge mechanisms in the present invention adopt the method for gravitational equilibrium, for levers at different levels arrange counterweight, make the centre of gravity adjustment of one-level transiting rod to one-level flexible hinge place, the centre of gravity adjustment to three of secondary transiting rod grade flexible hinge place, one-level lever and with the common centre of gravity adjustment of the one-level transiting rod of counter weight construction to one-level fulcrum place, second lever and with the common centre of gravity adjustment of the secondary transiting rod of counter weight construction to secondary fulcrum place, the centre of gravity adjustment to three of three grades of levers grade fulcrum place, impact and anti-interference factor that gravity center shift causes each rod member have been eliminated stronger, make the result of micro-force measurement more accurate.
3, the present invention adopts symmetrical mechanism, has eliminated the impact of the lever distortion that temperature causes, and is beneficial to the raising of measuring accuracy.
4, the supports flexible hinge at one-level fulcrum of the present invention, secondary fulcrum and three grades of fulcrum places all adopts and becomes consistent setting with gravity direction, flexural deformation and bending stress that gravity causes flexible hinge have been eliminated, otherwise, the destruction that the moment of flexure that gravity produces can cause flexible hinge.
5, in the present invention, three grades of fulcrums are the fulcrum that can move up and down along the long rails arranging, can guarantee when final realizable force is measured, one-level lever, second lever, one-level transiting rod and secondary transiting rod keep motionless at initial position, make the distortion at flexible hinge place minimum, and reduced the strain energy loss on flexible hinge, improved enlargement factor and amplified precision, having made actual enlargement factor approach theoretical enlargement factor, in the range of linearity, having expanded the range of measuring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus structural drawing in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is balance-type type vertical micro force measuring apparatus schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Number in the figure: 1 one-level lever; 2 one-level fulcrums; 3 second levers; 4 three grades of levers; 5 one-level transiting rods; 6 secondary transiting rods; 7 input ends; 8 one-level flexible hinges; 9 secondary flexible hinges; 10 secondary fulcrums; 11 3 grades of flexible hinges; 12 level Four flexible hinges; 13 output terminals; 14 sensors; 15 3 grades of fulcrums; 16 tracks; 17 drive units; 18 second lever extensions; 1a one-level lever balancing weight; 3a second lever balancing weight; Tri-grades of lever balancing weights of 4a; 5a one-level cantilever; 5b one-level transiting rod balancing weight; 6a secondary cantilever; 6b secondary transiting rod balancing weight.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the present embodiment is, at the middle part of the one-level lever 1 of horizontal positioned, one-level fulcrum 2 is set, centered by one-level fulcrum 2, in same perpendicular, a pair of second lever 3 is in the both sides of one-level fulcrum 2 for symmetrical minute, and connect by one-level transiting rod 5 and one-level lever 1 in a side separately, a pair of second lever 3 also connects by secondary transiting rod 6 and three grades of levers 4 of a side separately respectively mutually, wherein:
Shown in Fig. 1, one end along continuous straight runs of one-level lever 1 is 18 formation free ends 7 through extension, the input end that the free end 7 of take is measured micro-power F1, and the restrain end of one-level lever 1 is connected to the bottom of one-level transiting rod 5 by one-level flexible hinge 8 at bar sidepiece; The top of one-level transiting rod 5 is connected to the inner sidepiece of bar of second lever 3 by secondary flexible hinge 9;
Three grades of levers 4 are horizontal positioned, and the inner of three grades of levers is output terminal 13, and output terminal 13 contacts with power sensor 14, and three grades of fulcrums 15 are arranged on the middle part of three grades of levers 4.For when carrying out micro-force measurement, make the distortion at flexible hinge place minimum, reduce the strain energy loss on flexible hinge, three grades of fulcrums 15 can be arranged in long rails 16, and can drive and move up and down in long rails 16 by drive unit 17, can guarantee like this when final realizable force is measured, one-level lever, second lever, one-level transiting rod and secondary transiting rod keep motionless at initial position, improve enlargement factor and amplified precision, make actual enlargement factor approach theoretical enlargement factor, in the range of linearity, expanded the range of measuring.
In order to eliminate the impact of temperature, two second levers, two three grades of levers, two one-level transiting rods and two secondary transiting rods are distributed in the both sides of one-level fulcrum 2 symmetrically.
The impact each rod member being caused in order to eliminate gravity center shift, balancing weight can be set respectively on relevant position, comprise: the middle part at one-level transiting rod arranges one-level transiting rod balancing weight 5b by the one-level cantilever 5a connecting firmly, make the centre of gravity adjustment of one-level transiting rod to place, one-level flexible hinge position; Restrain end at one-level lever 1 arranges one-level lever balancing weight 1a, makes the common centre of gravity adjustment of one-level lever 1 and extension 18 thereof, one-level transiting rod, one-level cantilever and one-level transition balancing weight to one-level position of the fulcrum; Middle part at secondary transiting rod 6 arranges secondary transiting rod balancing weight 6b by the secondary cantilever 6a connecting firmly, and makes centre of gravity adjustment to three grade flexible hinge 11 places, position of secondary transiting rod 6; In the bar outer end of second lever, second lever balancing weight 3a is set, makes the common centre of gravity adjustment of second lever 3, secondary transiting rod 6, secondary cantilever 6a and secondary transiting rod balancing weight 6b to secondary fulcrum 11 places, position; At three grades of fulcrums 15 of three grades of levers 4 and the position between output terminal 13, three grades of lever balancing weight 4a are set, make centre of gravity adjustment to three grade fulcrum 15 places, positions of three grades of levers 4;
The impact each rod member being caused in order to eliminate gravity center shift, balancing weight also can be set to:
Middle part at one-level transiting rod 5 arranges one-level transiting rod balancing weight 5b by the one-level cantilever 5a connecting firmly, and makes the centre of gravity adjustment of one-level transiting rod 5 to secondary flexible hinge 9 places, position; Middle part at secondary transiting rod 6 arranges secondary transiting rod balancing weight 6b by the secondary cantilever 6a connecting firmly, and makes centre of gravity adjustment to three grade flexible hinge 11 places, position of secondary transiting rod 6; Place, bar outer end at second lever 3 arranges second lever balancing weight 3a, makes the common centre of gravity adjustment of second lever 3, one-level transiting rod 5, one-level cantilever 5a, one-level transiting rod balancing weight 5b, secondary transiting rod 6, secondary cantilever 6a and secondary transiting rod balancing weight 6b to the position of secondary fulcrum 11; One-level lever balancing weight 1a is set at the restrain end place of one-level lever 1, makes the centre of gravity adjustment of one-level lever 1 and extension 18 thereof to the position of one-level fulcrum 2; At three grades of fulcrums 15 of three grades of levers 4 and the position between output terminal 13, three grades of lever balancing weight 4a are set, make centre of gravity adjustment to three grade fulcrum 15 places, positions of three grades of levers 4;
The impact each rod member being caused in order to eliminate gravity center shift, balancing weight can also be set to:
Middle part at one-level transiting rod 5 arranges one-level transiting rod balancing weight 5b by the one-level cantilever 5a connecting firmly, and makes the centre of gravity adjustment of one-level transiting rod 5 to secondary flexible hinge 9 places, position; Place, bar outer end at second lever 3 arranges second lever balancing weight 3a, makes the common centre of gravity adjustment of second lever 3, one-level transiting rod 5, one-level cantilever 5a and one-level transiting rod balancing weight 5b to the position of secondary fulcrum 11; Middle part at secondary transiting rod 6 arranges secondary transiting rod balancing weight 6b by the secondary cantilever 6a connecting firmly, and makes the centre of gravity adjustment of secondary transiting rod 6 to level Four flexible hinge 12 places, position; At three grades of fulcrums 15 of three grades of levers 4 and the position between output terminal 13, three grades of lever balancing weight 4a are set, make common centre of gravity adjustment to the three grade fulcrum of three grades of levers 4, secondary transiting rod 6, secondary cantilever 6a and secondary transiting rod balancing weight 6b 11 places, positions; One-level lever balancing weight 1a is set at the restrain end place of one-level lever 1, makes the centre of gravity adjustment of one-level lever 1 and extension 18 thereof to the position of one-level fulcrum 2;
In concrete enforcement, can remove the balancing weight of transiting rods at different levels, but can reduce force measurement precision and dwindle force measurement scope.
The flexural deformation and the bending stress that flexible hinge are caused in order to eliminate gravity, the destruction that the moment of flexure of avoiding gravity to produce causes flexible hinge, in concrete enforcement, in one-level fulcrum 2, secondary fulcrum 11 and three grades of fulcrum 15 positions, locate, one-level lever 1, two utmost point levers 3 and three grades of levers 4 are connected with pedestal by each supports flexible hinge respectively, each supports flexible hinge is all suspended on pedestal, becomes consistent with gravity direction.
In the present embodiment, the measuring method of differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus is to realize in the following manner variate:
The power that the input end of definition one-level lever loads is 0 o'clock, and the position at each lever place is initial position;
At the input end of one-level lever, load micro-power F1 of the vertical direction that needs measurement, each rod member produces skew, wherein a pair of three grades of levers produce contrary inclination around three grades of fulcrums separately, output terminal at a pair of three grades of levers produces contrary displacement, according to the size and Orientation of measured micro-power F1, with drive unit, drive a pair of three grades of fulcrums to make accordingly and moving up and down along track, until a pair of level Four flexible hinge returns to initial position, thereby make other levers at different levels and transition lever except three grades of levers also return to corresponding initial position, and the relative displacement of the output terminal of a pair of three grades of levers further strengthens, the relative displacement producing by pair of output, power is delivered on power sensor, realize force measurement.
Also can be without drive unit 17 in concrete enforcement, and directly three grades of fulcrums 15 are fixed on support, can reduce like this force measurement precision, and reduce force measurement scope.
Measurement mechanism of the present invention can realize 10
-2following micro-force measurement.
Apparatus of the present invention also can be by using as balance as shown in Figure 2, the restrain end of the one-level lever shown in Fig. 1 is set to as the identical form of free end, at input end, load the gravity F of the object that will measure, at the other end, load standard test weight G, micro-power of measurement of output end is F1, according to the direction of micro-power F1 and size, can obtain the power that will measure is F=F1+G or F=F1-G, thereby further obtains the quality of object.
Claims (2)
1. a measuring method for differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus, is characterized in that:
Differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus is set is: the middle part at the one-level lever (1) of horizontal positioned arranges one-level fulcrum (2), centered by described one-level fulcrum (2), in same perpendicular, a pair of second lever (3) is in the both sides of one-level fulcrum (2) for symmetrical minute, and connect by one-level transiting rod (5) and one-level lever (1) in a side separately, described a pair of second lever (3) also connects by secondary transiting rod (6) and three grades of levers (4) of a side separately respectively mutually;
Through extension, (18) form free end (7) to one end along continuous straight runs of described one-level lever (1), the input end that the described free end (7) of take is measured micro-power (F1), the restrain end of described one-level lever (1) is connected to the bottom of one-level transiting rod (5) by one-level flexible hinge (8) at bar sidepiece; The top of described one-level transiting rod (5) is connected to the inner sidepiece of bar of second lever (3) by secondary flexible hinge (9);
Described second lever (3) is horizontal positioned, secondary fulcrum (10) is positioned at the bar outer end sidepiece of second lever (3), between described secondary fulcrum (10) and bar the inner of second lever (3), three grades of flexible hinges (11) is set and second lever (3) is connected to the bottom of secondary transiting rod (6); The top of described secondary transiting rod (6) is connected to the bar outer end sidepiece of three grades of levers (4) by level Four flexible hinge (12);
Described three grades of levers (4) are horizontal positioned, bar the inner of three grades of levers (4) is output terminal (13), described output terminal (13) contacts with power sensor (14), three grades of fulcrums (15) are arranged on the middle part of three grades of levers (4), described three grades of fulcrums (15) are arranged in long rails (16), and can be driven and be moved up and down in long rails (16) by drive unit (17);
Middle part at described one-level transiting rod (5) arranges one-level transiting rod balancing weight (5b) by the one-level cantilever (5a) connecting firmly, and makes the centre of gravity adjustment of one-level transiting rod (5) to place, one-level flexible hinge (8) position; Restrain end at described one-level lever (1) arranges one-level lever balancing weight (1a), makes the common centre of gravity adjustment of one-level lever (1) and extension (18) thereof, one-level transiting rod (5), one-level cantilever (5a) and one-level transiting rod balancing weight (1b) to the position of one-level fulcrum (2); Middle part at described secondary transiting rod (6) arranges secondary transiting rod balancing weight (6b) by the secondary cantilever (6a) connecting firmly, and makes the place, centre of gravity adjustment to three grade flexible hinge (11) position of secondary transiting rod (6); Place, bar outer end at described second lever (3) arranges second lever balancing weight (3a), makes the common centre of gravity adjustment of described second lever (3), secondary transiting rod (6), secondary cantilever (6a) and secondary transiting rod balancing weight (6b) to the position of secondary fulcrum (10); At three grades of fulcrums (15) of described three grades of levers (4) and the position between output terminal (13), three grades of lever balancing weights (4a) are set, make the place, centre of gravity adjustment to three grade fulcrum (15) position of described three grades of levers (4);
The measuring method of described differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus is to realize in the following manner variate:
The power that the input end of definition one-level lever loads is 0 o'clock, and the position at each lever place is initial position;
At the input end of described one-level lever, load measured micro-power (F1) of the vertical direction that needs measurement, each rod member produces skew, wherein a pair of three grades of levers produce contrary inclination around three grades of fulcrums separately, output terminal at a pair of three grades of levers produces contrary displacement, according to the size and Orientation of measured micro-power (F1), with drive unit drive described a pair of three grades of fulcrums longitudinally track make accordingly and moving up and down, until a pair of level Four flexible hinge returns to initial position, thereby make other levers at different levels and transition lever except three grades of levers also return to corresponding initial position, and the relative displacement of the output terminal of a pair of three grades of levers further strengthens, the relative displacement producing by pair of output, power is delivered on power sensor, realize force measurement.
2. the measuring method of differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described differential type vertical micro force measuring apparatus, described one-level fulcrum (2), secondary fulcrum (11) and place, three grades of fulcrums (15) position, one-level lever (1), two utmost point levers (3) are connected with pedestal by each supports flexible hinge respectively with three grades of levers (4), described each supports flexible hinge is all suspended on pedestal, becomes consistent with gravity direction.
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