CN102803813A - 具有高温耐磨涂层的织物套筒及其组装，构造和固化方法 - Google Patents

具有高温耐磨涂层的织物套筒及其组装，构造和固化方法 Download PDF

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CN102803813A
CN102803813A CN2010800354260A CN201080035426A CN102803813A CN 102803813 A CN102803813 A CN 102803813A CN 2010800354260 A CN2010800354260 A CN 2010800354260A CN 201080035426 A CN201080035426 A CN 201080035426A CN 102803813 A CN102803813 A CN 102803813A
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卡西·M·马洛伊
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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于保护细长元件的具有高温耐磨涂层的织物套筒及其组装、构造和固化方法。该织物套筒包括由非热变形纱线形成的管状织物壁，相邻的纱线的细丝之间形成有间隙。该壁具有外表面和内表面，该外表面和内表面提供用于容置细长元件的内部空腔。含氟聚合物-基涂层被涂覆在壁外表面上，该含氟聚合物-基涂层含有80wt％的含氟聚合物。该涂层基本被外表面所吸收，而该间隙得以保留。该涂层被干燥至未固化的状态，随后在华氏700度或更高温度下进行固化。一旦被暴露于华氏700度或更高温度并发生固化，该含氟聚合物-基涂层熔化且交联，从而为壁提供增强的耐磨保护。

Description

具有高温耐磨涂层的织物套筒及其组装,构造和固化方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2009年6月12日提交的美国临时申请序列号No.61/186,606的权益，其通过引用整体合并入此处。
技术领域
本发明主要涉及用于保护细长元件的织物套筒，更具体地涉及高温织物套筒。
背景技术
已知管状套筒用于保护细长元件(例如排气管)并为细长元件提供热辐射屏障。通过阻止热量从热源向外辐射，附近的组件(例如线束，传感器等)可以免收辐射热的损害。套筒通常由耐热和/或阻燃纱线制成以经受高温。套筒有时被构造为具有多层以利于阻止热量向外辐射。虽然这些套筒在使用初期通常是有效的，但是往往容易被外部元件因素(例如路面/地面的石头和碎块)所损害。耐热和/或阻燃纱线容易被磨损的趋势使得情况更为复杂。
根据本发明制造的套筒克服或者极大地降低了高温织物套筒被损害的趋势，例如免受磨损元件的损害。
发明内容
本发明提供一种用于保护细长元件的织物套筒。该织物套筒包括完全由非热变形纱线形成的管状织物壁，相邻的纱线的细丝之间形成有间隙。壁具有外表面和内表面，该外表面和内表面提供用于容置细长元件的内部空腔。含氟聚合物-基涂层被涂覆在壁外表面上，该含氟聚合物-基涂层含有80wt％的含氟聚合物。涂层基本被该外表面所吸收，该间隙得以保留，其中，该间隙允许套筒保持其增强的挠性和伸缩性。该涂层在华氏700度或更高温度下进行固化，因此一旦暴露于华氏700度或更高温度下，该含氟聚合物熔化并交联，从而为壁提供增强的耐磨保护。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种组装围绕热辐射细长元件的织物套筒的方法。该方法包括提供具有完全由可承受华氏1000度或更高温度的耐高温材料形成的织物壁的套筒。另外，该方法包括提供具有外表面和内表面的壁，形成带有在该内表面和外表面之间延伸的间隙的封闭的管状空腔。该方法进一步包括在壁的外表面上涂覆含有80wt％或更多的含氟聚合物的涂层并干燥，该含氟聚合物保持未完全固化的状态。然后该方法进一步包括在细长元件的上方设置该内表面，然后在完全设置在细长元件上方之后，该方法包括加热该涂层至华氏700度或更高温度，于是，该含氟化合物熔化并交联至完全或基本完全固化的状态，从而为复丝纱线提供增强的保护以免受外部磨损元件的影响。
根据本发明的又一个方面，提供一种构造用于保护细长元件的织物套筒的方法。该方法包括形成完全由非热变形纱线形成的管状织物壁，相邻的纱线细丝之间形成有间隙，该壁具有外表面和内表面，该外表面和内表面提供用于容置细长元件的内部空腔。然后，在外表面上涂覆含氟聚合物-基涂层，该含氟聚合物-基涂层含有80wt％的含氟聚合物，涂层基本被所述纱线所吸收，同时该间隙得以保留。进一步地，干燥该涂层但不固化该涂层，然后在华氏700度或更高的温度下固化该干燥步骤后的涂层以提高外表面的耐磨性。
附图说明
对于本领域的技术人员来说，为了更清楚地说明这些和其他方面、特征及优点，以下结合当前优选的实施例和最佳实施方式、所附权利要求以及附图对本发明进行详细描述，其中：
图1是根据本发明的一个当前优选实施例构造的织物套筒的透视图，示出了该织物套筒围绕产热管设置；
图2是示出了套筒的内壁和外壁的套筒的侧视图，该内壁在延伸位置上从该外壁轴向向外展开；以及
图3与图2类似，内壁反向折叠在外壁内。
具体实施方式
更具体地参考附图，图1-3示出了根据本发明的一个实施例构造的管状织物套筒10。该套筒10保护并为辐射热提供周向屏障，从而为套筒内的细长元件提供保护或者当该套筒10用于围绕辐射热源，例如排气管12时，为套筒10外的组件提供保护。。通过阻止排气管12的热量向外辐射，保护任何附近的组件，例如线束，传感器和其他热敏组件(未示出)不受辐射热的损害。该织物套筒10具有多根彼此交织的纱线以形成壁14，其中，该壁14可形成为封闭(周向连续壁)或敞开的管状壁(具有大致平行于套筒10的纵轴22延伸的叠置的相对的边缘)。该壁14具有最外表面16和最内表面18，从而确定一个在套筒10的相对两端24，26之间沿着纵轴22轴向延伸的空腔20。壁14的外表面16具有涂层28，该涂层包括大致80wt％或更多的含氟聚合物，该含氟聚合物处于干燥的状态。至少涂覆占套筒10的外层的20wt％的涂层28被认为最为有效。除了含氟聚合物成分以外，一些添加剂可用于在温度升高时提高套筒10的持久性和弹性。对于技术人员来说，结合上述公开和在此描述的所期望的套筒性能，可以得到各种不同的具有至少80wt％的含氟聚合物的涂层28，从而得到涂层28的合适的实施例以获得此处讨论的所需功能的套筒性能。该含氟聚合物-基涂层28被涂覆在外表面16上并干燥以得到未固化的状态，或者至少未完全固化，一旦暴露于华氏700度或更高的温度下，例如在使用过程中，该涂层28内的含氟聚合物至少部分熔化并交联至完全或基本完全固化的状态，从而为复丝纱线提供增强的保护以免受外部磨损元件(例如地面的石头和碎片)的损害。期望的是，涂层28不会在形成壁14的复丝上形成一个非渗透性的表面或层。由于并不形成连续的薄膜层，仅是通过所涂覆的涂层28单独被吸收进纱线或者包裹该纱线，从而在相邻纱线之间保留间隙，只要涂层28保持未固化或基本未固化，不论它被针织(knitted)，编织(woven)，辫织(braided)或其他方式交织，该纱线可维持其挠性和伸缩特性。因此，只要涂层28没有暴露于华氏700度或更高的温度下，该最外表面16及其套筒10维持其初始交织时的完全或基本完全的挠性和伸缩特性。
该壁14可通过任何合适的方法构造而成，例如针织，编织或辫织，或非编织材料，其中，各种花样和/或针法的类型可以根据应用进行变化。另外，壁14可被构造为具有任何合适的长度和尺寸。因此，该壁14可被构造为具有各种结构特性和构形。例如，虽然壁14在附图中被示出为具有翻转合拢的构形，但是如果需要的话，它也可仅构造成作为单层壁14的一个壁的构形。在一个当前优选构造中，该壁14可构造为至少部分由耐热材料制成，该材料适合于经受华氏-60到1400度的高温环境。所选择的某些复丝纱线由矿物纤维材料形成，例如在此示出而非限制为二氧化硅，玻璃纤维，陶瓷，玄武岩，芳香族聚酰胺或碳纤维。该矿物纤维可具有连续或短切纤维结构。在极热的某些应用中，需要对套筒材料进行热处理以移除其中的有机物，从而增加套筒10的耐热性能。
正如图2所示，该套筒10在此示出为具有外壁20和内壁32，其中，外壁和内壁30，32彼此连接为一体的连续材料。该内壁32可翻转合拢以容置于外壁30内，使得套筒10具有成型的双层壁结构。壁30，32可以由相同类型的复丝纱线构造而成，或者由不同类型的纱线构成从而为壁30，32提供不同的功能特性。因此，该外壁30可被构造成满足某种性能标准的要求，而内壁32构造成满足另一种性能标准的要求。
在示出的双层壁套筒10中，该内壁32可没有涂层28或基本没有涂层28，因此，用于构造内壁32的复丝的吸收热量的能力最大。因此，内壁32可用作外壁30的热屏障，从而使得外壁30不会跟内壁32一样达到相同的极端高温。虽然外壁30被希望达到华氏700度以上以固化含氟聚合物-基涂层28，但是如果使用过程中的外壁30的温度维持在华氏1000度以上，该涂层28的化学性能在微观层面上将受到不良的影响。因此，虽然外壁30被允许达到华氏700度以上，同时应防止外壁30连续维持在华氏1000度以上的温度下。因此，在使用过程中，虽然内壁32在华氏1000度以上可以正常运行，但是内壁32保护外壁30抵挡辐射热的能力有利于最大化套筒10的使用寿命。
该外壁30可被涂层28完全覆盖，例如通过浸渍，喷涂或其他方式。在涂覆涂层28后，该涂层28被干燥，可以不需要借助热源进行自然干燥，或者也可以利用热源，例如利用华氏100-200度的热源进行干燥。如果套筒10优选为维持其全部挠性，优选将涂层28充分加热以干燥涂层28，但不足以使涂层28完全固化。当外壁30上的涂层28干燥后，内壁32可翻转合拢于其内。此时，套筒10就可以投入使用了，从而可被设置于排气管12的正上方，随后涂层28可通过使用中所采用的热源进行固化。优选的，在干燥涂层28后，该涂层28可加热至华氏700度或更高的温度，从而在将套筒10设置于管12上之前进行固化，因此不必在组装过程中弯曲或拉伸外壁30。
在使用过程中，内壁32的温度可以达到超过华氏1000度，而外壁优选为在华氏700度以上加热至少10分钟，于是含氟聚合物至少部分熔化并基本或者完全固化。因此，固化后的含氟聚合物-基涂层28可以为没有涂层的内壁32提供增强的保护，以抵挡作用于外壁30的最外表面16的来自碎片的磨损。因此，套筒10的使用寿命可以通过阻止外壁30及其内壁32免受磨损而得以提高。
应该理解，根据本发明构造的套筒组件10适合于各种应用中，不论其所需的各种尺寸和长度。例如，他们可被应用于汽车，船舶，工业，飞机或航天领域，或者其他任何需要保护附近的组件免受热辐射影响的保护性套筒的应用中。
应该理解，上述具体描述仅是针对某些当前优选的实施例，本领域的技术人员根据上述教导得到的明显变化的实施例合并于此，并应该被认为在最终授权的权利要求的范围内。

Claims (17)

1.一种为细长元件提供保护的织物套筒，其特征在于，包括：
完全由非热变形纱线形成的管状织物壁，相邻的所述纱线的细丝之间形成有间隙，所述壁具有外表面和内表面，该外表面和内表面提供用于容置细长元件的内部空腔；以及
含氟聚合物-基涂层被涂覆在所述外表面上，所述含氟聚合物-基涂层含有80wt％的含氟聚合物，所述涂层基本被所述外表面所吸收，并保留所述间隙，所述涂层在华氏700度或更高温度下进行固化。
2.如权利要求1所述的织物套筒，其特征在于，所述非热变形纱线的最低温度额定值为华氏700度。
3.如权利要求2所述的织物套筒，其特征在于，所述非热变形纱线包括至少一种矿物纤维，该矿物纤维选自：玻璃纤维，玄武岩，陶瓷，芳香族聚酰胺，碳纤维和二氧化硅。
4.如权利要求1所述的织物套筒，其特征在于，所述非热变形纱线是复丝。
5.如权利要求1所述的织物套筒，其特征在于，所述壁被翻转合拢以提供单独的外壁层和内壁层，所述外壁层提供所述外表面，所述内壁层提供所述内表面。
6.如权利要求5所述的织物套筒，其特征在于，所述内壁层基本没有所述含氟聚合物-基涂层。
7.一种围绕热辐射细长元件组装织物套筒以及固化该套筒外表面上的耐磨涂层的方法，其特征在于，包括：
形成具有外表面和内表面的织物壁；
在该外表面上涂覆含氟聚合物-基涂层；
将该涂层干燥至未完全固化的状态；
围绕热辐射细长元件在套筒的壁处于未完全固化状态时设置该套筒的壁；以及
在将套筒设置于热辐射细长元件上之后，在华氏700度或更高温度下固化所述涂层。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括通过所述细长元件辐射的热量固化所述涂层。
9.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括提供含有至少80wt％含氟聚合物的含氟聚合物-基涂层。
10.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括提供具有翻转合拢的外壁层和内壁层的壁，所述外壁层提供所述外表面，所述内壁层提供所述内表面。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括提供基本没有含氟聚合物-基涂层的内壁层。
12.一种构造织物套筒并固化其上的涂层的方法，其特征在于，包括：
形成完全由非热变形纱线形成的管状织物壁，相邻的所述纱线的细丝之间形成有间隙，所述壁具有外表面和内表面，该外表面和内表面提供用于容置细长元件的内部空腔；
在所述外表面上涂覆含氟聚合物-基涂层，所述含氟聚合物-基涂层含有80wt％的含氟聚合物，所述涂层被所述纱线所吸收，同时保留所述间隙；
干燥所述涂层但不固化所述涂层；以及
在华氏700度或更高温度下固化该干燥步骤后的所述涂层，以提高所述外表面的耐磨性。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括提供最低温度额定值为华氏700度的非热变形纱线。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括提供至少一种矿物纤维的非热变形纱线，该矿物纤维选自：玻璃纤维，玄武岩，陶瓷，芳香族聚酰胺，碳纤维和二氧化硅。
15.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括提供复丝的非热变形纱线。
16.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括翻转合拢所述壁并提供单独的外壁层和内壁层，所述外壁层提供所述外表面，所述内壁层提供所述内表面。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括使得所述内壁层基本没有含氟聚合物-基涂层。
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