CN102794322A - Manufacturing method of light alloy section bar - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of light alloy section bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN102794322A CN102794322A CN2012103119600A CN201210311960A CN102794322A CN 102794322 A CN102794322 A CN 102794322A CN 2012103119600 A CN2012103119600 A CN 2012103119600A CN 201210311960 A CN201210311960 A CN 201210311960A CN 102794322 A CN102794322 A CN 102794322A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a light alloy section bar. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps of: (1) carrying out hot extrusion forming on a light alloy cast ingot under a temperature condition of 450-550 DEG C; (2) carrying out rapid cooling treatment on a hot extrusion forming product in the step (1), and reducing the temperature to a dynamic aging treatment temperature, i.e. 20-300 DEG C; and (3) carrying out equal channel angular extrusion on the product in an equal channel angular extrusion die. The manufacturing method of the light alloy section bar has the advantages of integrating the dynamic aging technology, the hot extrusion forming technology and the equal channel angular extrusion, homogenizing material tissues, furthest reducing or even eliminating the defects of pores of casting-state structures, weakening the textures of the traditional extrusion and obviously refining the grain sizes, so that the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloy are greatly improved, and the strength and the ductility and toughness are synchronously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing technology of high-performance light-alloy section bar.
Background technology
Light-alloy (aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy etc.) section bar is high because of light weight, specific strength; Be widely used in building structure, high voltage power transmission carrier, vehicle configurations and other industrial structure; But existing light-alloy section bar manufacturing approach need adopt hot extrusion (or hot rolling, forging), cold rolling/cold-drawn to be shaped usually; The middle string that needs is inserted long stress relief annealing, if seek out high mechanical property, section bar finally also need reach tens of hours solid-solution and aging heat treatment.Thereby light-alloy section bar manufacturing process is various, the time is tediously long, power consumption is high at present.In the low-carbon economy epoch, the manufacturing of light-alloy section bar faces a field technology revolution, and low energy consumption, short flow process manufacturing are the development trends of high-performance light-alloy section bar manufacturing technology.
Traditional when static effect technique be to let product (room temperature to 250 ℃ normally under middle low temperature environment; In the heat-treatment furnace or in the atmosphere) long-time placement (not carrying out plastic deformation); The supersaturation intensified element is separated out and is formed the hardening constituent particle that a large amount of disperses distribute in the matrix, thereby makes matrix strengthening.Different according to static aging temp, the timeliness required time does not wait from tens hours to a couple of days even several months, and is consuming time very long.
Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAE, Equal Channel Angular Extrusion) technology is a prior art, just is used for the laboratory at present correlative study is carried out in material structure differentiation and performance variation.Because product does not change through the shape before and after the Equal Channel Angular Pressing, can not be used for formed product.Some alloy has the effect of dynamic time effect in equal channel angular pressing; But the Equal Channel Angular Pressing technology is not equal to the dynamic time effect technology: Equal Channel Angular Pressing is in specific Equal Channel Angular Pressing mould, material to be carried out plastic deformation; What stress is the plastic history that material takes place; And thereby the dynamic time effect technology is meant and utilizes material to separate out reinforced alloys in a large number because of plastic deformation promotes hardening constituent carrying out a large amount of plastic histories, and emphasical is dynamically separating out of hardening constituent; Its plastic history is not confined to Equal Channel Angular Pressing.
Dynamic time effect (dynamically aging) technology is meant that alloy (20 ~ 300 ℃) under middle cryogenic conditions carries out in the large plastometric set process impelling a large amount of dispersion-strengthernings from matrix, to separate out to strengthen because of plastic deformation a kind of technology of matrix; The dynamic time effect process only needs tens seconds to tens seconds, and the time is very short.
The effect that dynamic time effect is strengthened needs under middle low temperature, could produce, and does not have this strengthening effect when temperature is high.And under middle low temperature, accomplish the unusual difficulty of alteration of form from the ingot casting to the section bar, thereby separately during application of dynamic effect technique prepare very difficulty of section bar.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem:The invention provides and a kind ofly reduce the manufacturing process of high-performance light-alloy section bars such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, reduce the light-alloy section bar manufacturing approach of manufacturing cycle and energy consumption greatly.
Technical scheme:Light-alloy section bar manufacturing approach of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) under 450 ~ 550 ℃ of temperature conditions, the light-alloy ingot casting is carried out hot extrusion molding;
2) product to hot extrusion molding in the said step 1) carries out fast cold treatment, cools the temperature to the dynamic time effect treatment temperature, promptly 20 ℃ ~ 300 ℃;
3) in the Equal Channel Angular Pressing mould, product being carried out Equal Channel Angular Pressing handles.
Among the present invention, the extrusion ratio of step 1) hot extrusion molding can select 5 ~ 100 for use, and extrusion speed can be selected 5mm/s ~ 500mm/s for use.
Among the present invention, the angle that the Equal Channel Angular Pressing of step 3) is handled can select 60 for use
o~ 135
o, the Equal Channel Angular Pressing number of times can be selected for use 2 ~ 20 times.
Among the present invention, step 2) time of fast cold treatment can be regulated through control cooling water temperature, discharge and fast cold-zone size in, and itself and extrusion speed are complementary.
Manufacturing approach of the present invention is integrated traditional hot extrusion technique and dynamic time effect technology utilizes Equal Channel Angular Pressing to be implemented in to impel in the large plastometric set process in the alloy hardening constituent to separate out fast, thus reinforced alloys.
Beneficial effect:The present invention compares with prior art, has the following advantages:
Equal Channel Angular Pressing treatment step in the manufacturing approach of the present invention can obtain ultra-fine grain, premium quality product keeping realizing large plastometric set under the constant situation of shape of product.This have a ultra-fine grain constructed products, can conveniently carry out follow-up cold rolling/manufacturing procedures such as cold-drawn, stress relief annealing in the middle of need not.
Hardening constituent can be separated out fast in the light-alloy in the large plastometric set process, thus reinforced alloys, and this process is the notion of " dynamic time effect ", to distinguish with traditional static timeliness.Whole dynamic time effect process only needs tens seconds to tens seconds, and the time is very short, has shortened process time, has improved operating efficiency.
The technological merit of traditional hot extrusion technique and dynamic time effect technology that the present invention is integrated; Tediously long technical process such as high temperature solid solution processing, quenching and static state low temperature Ageing Treatment of the time after the crimp have been removed fully; Can realize short flow process manufacturing, greatly reduce the energy consumption of making link.
The present invention is integrated dynamic time effect is technological, hot-pressed and Equal Channel Angular Pressing is technological; Homogenising material structure, farthest reduce even eliminate the defectives such as pore of as-cast structure, the texture of the conventional extruded that weakened; Crystallite dimension has obtained remarkable refinement; Thereby increase substantially the comprehensive mechanical property of alloy, intensity and plasticity and toughness are improved synchronously, final alloy aging hardening effect can reach T6 and handle (peak value aging technique in the traditional static aging technique).
The specific embodiment
Light-alloy section bar manufacturing approach of the present invention is integrated traditional hot extrusion technique and dynamic time effect technology is utilized Equal Channel Angular Pressing to be implemented in the large plastometric set process hardening constituent and is separated out fast and strengthen.For example when isometrical turning angle was 135 °, total effective strain was 0.96.
Light-alloy section bar manufacturing approach of the present invention is made up of three links, i.e. high temperature extruding (450 ~ 550 ℃), fast cold quenching and middle low-temperature dynamic timeliness (20 ℃ ~ 300 ℃) specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) under 450 ~ 550 ℃ of temperature conditions, the light-alloy ingot casting is carried out hot extrusion molding;
2) product to hot extrusion molding in the said step 1) carries out fast cold treatment, cools the temperature to the dynamic time effect treatment temperature, promptly 20 ℃ ~ 300 ℃;
3) in the Equal Channel Angular Pressing mould, product being carried out Equal Channel Angular Pressing handles.
Among one group of embodiment of the present invention; The extrusion ratio of step 1) hot extrusion molding selects 5,12,27,50,70,85,90,100 respectively for use, and extrusion speed can be selected 5mm/s, 80mm/s, 140mm/s, 200mm/s, 260mm/s, 350mm/s, 4200mm/s, 500mm/s for use respectively.
Among one group of embodiment of the present invention, the angle that the Equal Channel Angular Pressing of step 3) is handled selects 60 respectively for use
o, 75
o, 90
o, 120
o, 135
o, the Equal Channel Angular Pressing number of times is selected for use respectively 2,5,12,15,18,20 times.
Among the present invention, step 2) time of fast cold treatment can be regulated through control cooling water temperature, discharge and fast cold-zone size in, and itself and extrusion speed are complementary.
For realizing light-alloy section bar manufacturing approach of the present invention, in the high temperature crush zone, be provided with heating unit and temperature control system, guarantee that ingot casting is hot-pressed under suitable temperature in this district; Fast cold copper billet and temperature control system can make material be cooled fast to the temperature of dynamic time effect after hot-pressed immediately, and (different alloys, the temperature of its dynamic time effect has very big difference.For aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy, its dynamic time effect temperature should be at 20 ℃ to 300 ℃); The heating unit and the temperature control system that are provided with in the dynamic time effect district can guarantee that section bar carries out dynamic time effect in this district under suitable temperature.
During the embodiment of the present invention method, handle through high-temperature homogenization and still to keep the ingot casting of high temperature to insert in the die cavity of high temperature crush zone, the uniform plastic deformation of generation under the downward active force of extrusion head and being shaped; Get into the die cavity in water hardening district afterwards, be cooled fast to the dynamic time effect temperature; After getting into the die cavity in dynamic time effect district,, when keeping shape of product constant, realize large plastometric set, realize separating out fast of hardening constituent in the alloy simultaneously through the Equal Channel Angular Pressing in two or more paths.Whole forming process has only tens seconds to tens of seconds.
Claims (3)
1. light-alloy section bar manufacturing approach is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
1) under 450 ~ 550 ℃ of temperature conditions, the light-alloy ingot casting is carried out hot extrusion molding;
2) product to hot extrusion molding in the said step 1) carries out fast cold treatment, cools the temperature to the dynamic time effect treatment temperature, promptly 20 ℃ ~ 300 ℃;
3) in the Equal Channel Angular Pressing mould, product being carried out Equal Channel Angular Pressing handles.
2. light-alloy section bar manufacturing approach according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 1), it is 5 ~ 100 that the extrusion ratio of hot extrusion molding can be selected for use, and extrusion speed is 5mm/s ~ 500mm/s.
3. light-alloy section bar manufacturing approach according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step 3), the angle that Equal Channel Angular Pressing is handled can select 60 for use
o~ 135
o, the Equal Channel Angular Pressing number of times can be selected for use 2 ~ 20 times.
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| CN2012103119600A CN102794322A (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-29 | Manufacturing method of light alloy section bar |
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| CN2012103119600A CN102794322A (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-29 | Manufacturing method of light alloy section bar |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109022847A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-18 | 西南大学 | A kind of composite preparation process of High-performance Magnesium Rare-earth Alloys |
Citations (6)
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| US4010046A (en) * | 1976-03-04 | 1977-03-01 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Method of extruding aluminum base alloys |
| JPS5655546A (en) * | 1979-10-08 | 1981-05-16 | Kaimeishindou Kk | High strength aluminum alloy for extrusion |
| US6883359B1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2005-04-26 | The Texas A&M University System | Equal channel angular extrusion method |
| CN1760497B (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2010-10-06 | 上海振兴铝业有限公司 | Weatherproof color shape bars in aluminium alloy, and manufacturing method |
| CN101876041A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-11-03 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag ultrafine crystal heat-resistant aluminum alloy |
| CN102168213A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-08-31 | 浙江乐祥铝业有限公司 | High-formability and high-strength aluminum alloy material as well as preparation method and application of the high-formability and high-strength aluminum alloy material |
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2012
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Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4010046A (en) * | 1976-03-04 | 1977-03-01 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Method of extruding aluminum base alloys |
| JPS5655546A (en) * | 1979-10-08 | 1981-05-16 | Kaimeishindou Kk | High strength aluminum alloy for extrusion |
| US6883359B1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2005-04-26 | The Texas A&M University System | Equal channel angular extrusion method |
| CN1760497B (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2010-10-06 | 上海振兴铝业有限公司 | Weatherproof color shape bars in aluminium alloy, and manufacturing method |
| CN101876041A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-11-03 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag ultrafine crystal heat-resistant aluminum alloy |
| CN102168213A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-08-31 | 浙江乐祥铝业有限公司 | High-formability and high-strength aluminum alloy material as well as preparation method and application of the high-formability and high-strength aluminum alloy material |
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| 王红霞等: "等通道转角挤压制备超细晶Mg15Al双相合金组织与性能", 《塑性工程学报》 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109022847A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-18 | 西南大学 | A kind of composite preparation process of High-performance Magnesium Rare-earth Alloys |
| CN109022847B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-06-16 | 西南大学 | Composite preparation method of high-performance rare earth magnesium alloy |
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Application publication date: 20121128 |